Legal corpus: U.S. Code titles 1–11 from pinned OLRC XML (11,050 sections)

Raw OLRC USLM XML zips @ release 119-100 (retrieved 2026-07-04 via
Atlas depot), ingested with the standard pipeline: raw snapshot ->
per-section OKF markdown -> manifest + checksums. Title 52 untouched.
LegalText: 171 -> 11,221. Titles 12-54 await a clean OLRC retry.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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# 5 U.S.C. § 9901 - Definitions
## Text
For purposes of this chapter—
(1) the term “Director” means the Director of the Office of Personnel Management; and
(2) the term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Defense.
(Added Pub. L. 108136, div. A, title XI, § 1101(a)(1), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1621.)
## Notes
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Impact on Department of Defense Civilian PersonnelPub. L. 108136, div. A, title XI, § 1101(b), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1633, provided that: “(1) Any exercise of authority under chapter 99 of such title [this chapter] (as added by subsection (a)), including under any system established under such chapter, shall be in conformance with the requirements of this subsection. “(2) No other provision of this Act [see Tables for classification] or of any amendment made by this Act may be construed or applied in a manner so as to limit, supersede, or otherwise affect the provisions of this section [enacting this chapter], except to the extent that it does so by specific reference to this section.”
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title: "5 U.S.C. § 9903"
description: "Attracting highly qualified experts"
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title_number: 5
title_name: "GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES"
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chapter_name: "DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PERSONNEL AUTHORITIES"
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# 5 U.S.C. § 9903 - Attracting highly qualified experts
## Text
(a) In General.— The Secretary may carry out a program using the authority provided in subsection (b) in order to attract highly qualified experts in needed occupations, as determined by the Secretary.
(b) Authority.— Under the program, the Secretary may—
(1) appoint personnel from outside the civil service and uniformed services (as such terms are defined in section 2101) to positions in the Department of Defense without regard to any provision of this title governing the appointment of employees to positions in the Department of Defense;
(2) prescribe the rates of basic pay for positions to which employees are appointed under paragraph (1) at rates not in excess of the maximum rate of basic pay authorized for senior-level positions under section 5376, as increased by locality-based comparability payments under section 5304, notwithstanding any provision of this title governing the rates of pay or classification of employees in the executive branch; and
(3) pay any employee appointed under paragraph (1) payments in addition to basic pay within the limits applicable to the employee under subsection (d).
(c) Limitation on Term of Appointment.— (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the service of an employee under an appointment made pursuant to this section may not exceed 5 years.
(2) The Secretary may, in the case of a particular employee, extend the period to which service is limited under paragraph (1) by up to 1 additional year if the Secretary determines that such action is necessary to promote the Department of Defenses national security missions.
(d) Limitations on Additional Payments.— (1) The total amount of the additional payments paid to an employee under this section for any 12-month period may not exceed the lesser of the following amounts:
(A) $50,000 in fiscal year 2004, which may be adjusted annually thereafter by the Secretary, with a percentage increase equal to one-half of 1 percentage point less than the percentage by which the Employment Cost Index, published quarterly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, for the base quarter of the year before the preceding calendar year exceeds the Employment Cost Index for the base quarter of the second year before the preceding calendar year.
(B) The amount equal to 50 percent of the employees annual rate of basic pay.
For purposes of this paragraph, the term “base quarter” has the meaning given such term by section 5302(3).
(2) An employee appointed under this section is not eligible for any bonus, monetary award, or other monetary incentive for service, except for—
(A) payments authorized under this section; and
(B) in the case of an employee who is assigned in support of a contingency operation (as defined in section 101(a)(13) of title 10), allowances and any other payments authorized under chapter 59.
(3) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection or of section 5307, no additional payments may be paid to an employee under this section in any calendar year if, or to the extent that, the employees total annual compensation will exceed the maximum amount of total annual compensation payable at the salary set in accordance with section 104 of title 3. In computing an employees total annual compensation for purposes of the preceding sentence, any payment referred to in paragraph (2)(B) shall be excluded.
(e) Limitation on Number of Highly Qualified Experts.— The number of highly qualified experts appointed and retained by the Secretary under subsection (b)(1) shall not exceed 2,500 at any time.
(f) Savings Provisions.— In the event that the Secretary terminates this program, in the case of an employee who, on the day before the termination of the program, is serving in a position pursuant to an appointment under this section—
(1) the termination of the program does not terminate the employees employment in that position before the expiration of the lesser of—
(A) the period for which the employee was appointed; or
(B) the period to which the employees service is limited under subsection (c), including any extension made under this section before the termination of the program; and
(2) the rate of basic pay prescribed for the position under this section may not be reduced as long as the employee continues to serve in the position without a break in service.
(Added Pub. L. 108136, div. A, title XI, § 1101(a)(1), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1632; amended Pub. L. 11281, div. A, title XI, § 1105, Dec. 31, 2011, 125 Stat. 1612.)
## Notes
Editorial Notes
Amendments2011—Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 11281, § 1105(1), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: “An employee appointed under this section is not eligible for any bonus, monetary award, or other monetary incentive for service except for payments authorized under this section.” Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 11281, § 1105(2), inserted at end “In computing an employees total annual compensation for purposes of the preceding sentence, any payment referred to in paragraph (2)(B) shall be excluded.”
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
References to Maximum Rate Under 5 U.S.C. 5376For reference to maximum rate under section 5376 of this title, see section 2(d)(3) of Pub. L. 110372, set out as an Effective Date of 2008 Amendment note under section 5376 of this title.
Policy on Senior MentorsPub. L. 112239, div. A, title XI, § 1105, Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1973, provided that: “(a) In General.—The Secretary of Defense shall provide written notice to the congressional defense committees [Committees on Armed Services and Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives] at least 60 days before implementing any change in the policy regarding senior mentors issued on or about April 1, 2010. “(b) Applicability.—Changes implemented before the date of the enactment of this Act [Jan. 2, 2013] shall not be affected by this section.”
Disclosure of Senior MentorsPub. L. 11281, div. A, title XI, § 1124, Dec. 31, 2011, 125 Stat. 1618, provided that: “(a) Requirement to Disclose Names of Senior Mentors.—The Secretary of Defense shall disclose the names of senior mentors serving in the Department of Defense by publishing a list of the names on the publicly available website of the Department of Defense. The list shall be updated at least quarterly. “(b) Senior Mentor Defined.—In this section, the term senior mentor has the meaning provided in the memorandum from the Secretary of Defense relating to policy on senior mentors, dated April 1, 2010.”
Requirements for Department of Defense Senior MentorsPub. L. 111383, div. A, title XI, § 1102, Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4382, provided that: “(a) In General.—The Secretary of Defense shall issue appropriate policies and procedures to ensure that all senior mentors employed by the Department of Defense are—“(1) hired as highly qualified experts under section 9903 of title 5, United States Code; and “(2) required to comply with all applicable Federal laws and regulations on personnel and ethics matters. “(b) Senior Mentor Defined.—In this section, the term senior mentor means a retired flag, general, or other military officer or retired senior civilian official who provides expert experience-based mentoring, teaching, training, advice, and recommendations to senior military officers, staffs, and students as they participate in war games, warfighting courses, operational planning, operational exercises, and decision-making exercises.”
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# 5 U.S.C. § 9904 - Special pay and benefits for certain employees outside the United States
## Text
The Secretary may provide to certain civilian employees of the Department of Defense assigned to activities outside the United States as determined by the Secretary to be in support of Department of Defense activities abroad hazardous to life or health or so specialized because of security requirements as to be clearly distinguishable from normal Government employment—
(1) allowances and benefits—
(A) comparable to those provided by the Secretary of State to members of the Foreign Service under chapter 9 of title I of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (Public Law 96465, 22 U.S.C. 4081 et seq.) or any other provision of law; or
(B) comparable to those provided by the Director of Central Intelligence to personnel of the Central Intelligence Agency; and
(2) special retirement accrual benefits and disability in the same manner provided for by the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement Act (50 U.S.C. 2001 et seq.) and in section 18 of the Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949 (50 U.S.C. 403r).11 See References in Text note below.
(Added Pub. L. 108136, div. A, title XI, § 1101(a)(1), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1633.)
## Notes
Editorial Notes
References in TextThe Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in par. (1)(A), is Pub. L. 96465, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2071. Chapter 9 of title I of the Act is classified generally to subchapter IX (§ 4081 et seq.) of chapter 52 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3901 of Title 22 and Tables. The Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949, referred to in par. (2), is act June 20, 1949, ch. 227, 63 Stat. 208, which was formerly classified generally to section 403a et seq. of Title 50, War and National Defense, prior to editorial reclassification in Title 50, and is now classified generally to chapter 46 (§ 3501 et seq.) of Title 50. Section 18 of the Act is now classified to section 3518 of Title 50. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Change of Name Reference to the Director of Central Intelligence or the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency in the Directors capacity as the head of the intelligence community deemed to be a reference to the Director of National Intelligence. Reference to the Director of Central Intelligence or the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency in the Directors capacity as the head of the Central Intelligence Agency deemed to be a reference to the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. See section 1081(a), (b) of Pub. L. 108458, set out as a note under section 3001 of Title 50, War and National Defense.
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# 5 U.S.C. § 9905 - Direct hire authority for certain personnel of the Department of Defense
## Text
(a) In General.— The Secretary of Defense may appoint, without regard to the provisions of subchapter I of chapter 33 (other than sections 3303, 3307, and 3328 of such chapter), qualified candidates to any of the following positions in the competitive service in the Department of Defense:
(1) Any position involved with Department maintenance activities, including depot-level maintenance and repair.
(2) Any cyber workforce position.
(3) Any individual in the acquisition workforce that manages any services contracts necessary to the operation and maintenance of programs of the Department.
(4) Any science, technology, or engineering position, including any such position at the Major Range and Test Facilities Base, in order to allow development of new systems and provide for the maintenance of legacy systems.
(5) Any scientific, technical, engineering, or mathematics positions, including technicians, within the defense acquisition workforce, or any category of acquisition positions within the Department designated by the Secretary as a shortage or critical need category.
(6) Any scientific, technical, engineering, or mathematics position, except any such position within any defense Scientific and Technology Reinvention Laboratory, for which a qualified candidate is required to possess a bachelors degree or an advanced degree, or for which a veteran candidate is being considered.
(7) Any category of medical or health professional positions within the Department designated by the Secretary as a shortage category or critical need occupation.
(8) Any childcare services position for which there is a critical hiring need and a shortage of childcare providers.
(9) Any financial management, accounting, auditing, actuarial, cost estimation, operational research, or business or business administration position for which a qualified candidate is required to possess a finance, accounting, management or actuarial science degree or a related degree, or a related degree of equivalent experience.
(10) Any position, as determined by the Secretary, for the purpose of assisting and facilitating the efforts of the Department in business transformation and management innovation.
(11) Any position in the military housing office of a military installation whose primary function is supervision of military housing covered by subchapter IV of chapter 169 of title 10.
(12) Any position in support of aircraft operations for which the Secretary determines there is a critical hiring need or shortage of candidates.
(13) Any position in support of the safety of the public, law enforcement, or first response for which the Secretary determines there is a critical hiring need or shortage of candidates.
(14) Any position in support of Special Inspector General for Operation Atlantic Resolve for which the Secretary determines there is a critical hiring need and shortage of candidates.
(b) Sunset.— (1) In general.— Except as provided in paragraph (2), effective on September 30, 2030, the authority provided under subsection (a) shall expire.
(2) Exception.— Paragraph (1) shall not apply to the authority provided under subsection (a) to make appointments to positions described under paragraph (5) of such subsection.
(c) Suspension of Other Hiring Authorities.— During the period beginning on the effective date of the regulations issued to carry out the hiring authority with respect to positions described in paragraphs (5) through (10) of subsection (a) and ending on the date described in subsection (b)(1), the Secretary of Defense may not exercise or otherwise use any hiring authority provided under the following provisions of law:
(1) Sections 1599c(a)(2) and 1705(h) of title 10.
(2) Sections 1112 and 1113 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 11492; 129 Stat. 1033).
(3) Sections 1110 and 1643(a)(3) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114328; 130 Stat. 2450 and 2602).
(4) Sections 559 and 1101 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 11591; 131 Stat. 1406 and 1627).
(Added Pub. L. 115232, div. A, title XI, § 1101(a), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2000; amended Pub. L. 11692, div. A, title XI, § 1109(a), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1598; Pub. L. 116283, div. A, title XI, § 1117, Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3897; Pub. L. 11831, div. A, title XI, § 1104, title XII, § 1250B(i), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 427, 467.)
## Notes
Editorial Notes
References in TextSections 1112 and 1113 of Pub. L. 11492, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), are sections 1112 and 1113 of Pub. L. 11492, div. A, title XI, Nov. 25, 2015, 129 Stat. 1033, which are set out as notes under section 1701 of Title 10, Armed Forces. Sections 1110 and 1643(a)(3) of Pub. L. 114328, referred to in subsec. (c)(3), are section 1110 of Pub. L. 114328, div. A, title XI, Dec. 23, 2016, 130 Stat. 2450, which is set out as a note preceding section 1580 of Title 10, Armed Forces, and section 1643(a)(3) of Pub. L. 114328, div. A, title XVI, Dec. 23, 2016, 130 Stat. 2602, which is set out in a note under section 1599f of Title 10. Sections 559 and 1101 of Pub. L. 11591, referred to in subsec. (c)(4), are section 559 of Pub. L. 11591, div. A, title V, Dec. 12, 2017, 131 Stat. 1406, which is set out as a note under section 1792 of Title 10, Armed Forces, and section 1101 of Pub. L. 11591, div. A, title XI, Dec. 12, 2017, 131 Stat. 1627, which is set out as a note preceding section 1580 of Title 10.
Amendments2023—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 11831, § 1104(1), inserted “, 3307,” after “3303”. Subsec. (a)(12), (13). Pub. L. 11831, § 1104(2), added pars. (12) and (13). Subsec. (a)(14). Pub. L. 11831, § 1250B(i)(1), added par. (14). Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 11831, § 1250B(i)(2), substituted “September 30, 2030” for “September 30, 2025”. 2021—Subsec. (a)(11). Pub. L. 116283 added par. (11). 2019—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 11692, § 1109(a)(1)(A), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: “Any position involved with cybersecurity.” Subsec. (a)(5) to (10). Pub. L. 11692, § 1109(a)(1)(B), added pars. (5) to (10). Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 11692, § 1109(a)(2), added subsecs. (b) and (c) and struck out former subsec. (b) which provided that effective on Sept. 30, 2025, the authority provided under subsec. (a) would expire.