Legislation: batch E — CA TN VA VT WA WI WV WY

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

legislation/us/states/ca/20232024/sb-459.md

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+---
+type: "Bill"
+title: "Domestic violence: restraining orders."
+description: "Existing law allows a civil court, after notice and a hearing, to issue an order to enjoin a person from, among other things, attacking, stalking, or threatening another person. Under existing law, the protective order may be valid for up to 5 years, as determined by the court, and may be renewed for 5 or more years, or permanently, at the discretion of the court."
+jurisdiction: "us/states/ca"
+legislature: "California Legislature"
+session: "20232024"
+identifier: "SB 459"
+citation: "California SB 459 (20232024)"
+classification: ["bill"]
+subjects: ["Domestic violence", "restraining orders"]
+status: "enacted"
+primary_sponsors: ["Rubio"]
+version_count: 8
+action_count: 32
+vote_count: 6
+first_action: "2023-02-13"
+last_action: "2023-10-13"
+source: "openstates"
+source_identifier: "ocd-bill/4ac4510e-d205-48a3-aef5-8fb1f2a2ba35"
+source_url: "http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB459"
+source_hash: "885f7eeeb58498f92c6f23a4f69ca1fbb9188973bbef1a2cf2a66eab0589d876"
+vintage: "2026-07-01"
+source_snapshot: "https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-06"
+confidence: "reported"
+tags: ["legislation", "bill", "us-ca"]
+---
+
+# California SB 459 (20232024) — Domestic violence: restraining orders.
+
+Existing law allows a civil court, after notice and a hearing, to issue an order to enjoin a person from, among other things, attacking, stalking, or threatening another person. Under existing law, the protective order may be valid for up to 5 years, as determined by the court, and may be renewed for 5 or more years, or permanently, at the discretion of the court.
+
+## Version chain
+
+The bill's text revisions, in order — the diff chain from filing to enrollment.
+
+1. **02/13/23 - Introduced** (filed) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB459&version=20230SB45999INT)
+2. **04/17/23 - Amended Senate** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB459&version=20230SB45998AMD)
+3. **04/27/23 - Amended Senate** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB459&version=20230SB45997AMD)
+4. **06/21/23 - Amended Assembly** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB459&version=20230SB45996AMD)
+5. **08/31/23 - Amended Assembly** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB459&version=20230SB45995AMD)
+6. **10/13/23 - Chaptered** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB459&version=20230SB45993CHP)
+7. **SB459** (committee substitute) — [source](http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB459)
+8. **09/13/23 - Enrolled** (enrolled) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB459&version=20230SB45994ENR)
+
+## Votes
+
+- Do pass as amended, but first amend, and re-refer to the Committee on [Public Safety] with the recommendation: To Consent Calendar — **11–0** (pass) · upper
+- SB 459 Rubio Senate Third Reading By Gabriel — **79–0** (pass) · lower
+- Do pass. To Consent Calendar. — **15–0** (pass) · lower
+- Unfinished Business SB459 Rubio et al. Concurrence — **39–0** (pass) · upper
+- Consent Calendar SB459 Rubio et al. — **38–0** (pass) · upper
+- Do pass as amended, and be re-referred to the Committee on [Appropriations] with recommendation: To Consent Calendar — **10–0** (pass) · lower
+
+## Sponsors
+
+- Rubio — primary (person)
+- Cervantes — principal coauthor (person)
+
+## Timeline
+
+The legislative action history — every referral, reading, and vote.
+
+- **2023-02-13** Introduced. Read first time. To Com. on RLS. for assignment. To print. `introduction, reading-1`
+- **2023-02-14** From printer. May be acted upon on or after March 16.
+- **2023-02-22** Referred to Coms. on JUD. and PUB S. `referral-committee`
+- **2023-04-11** Set for hearing April 18.
+- **2023-04-12** April 18 set for first hearing canceled at the request of author.
+- **2023-04-13** Set for hearing April 25.
+- **2023-04-17** From committee with author's amendments. Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on JUD. `amendment-passage, committee-passage, reading-1, reading-2, referral-committee`
+- **2023-04-26** From committee: Do pass as amended and re-refer to Com. on PUB S. with recommendation: To consent calendar. (Ayes 11. Noes 0. Page 893.) (April 25). `amendment-passage, committee-passage, committee-passage-favorable`
+- **2023-04-27** Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on PUB S. `amendment-passage, reading-1, reading-2, referral-committee`
+- **2023-05-01** Withdrawn from committee.
+- **2023-05-01** Re-referred to Com. on APPR. `referral-committee`
+- **2023-05-05** Set for hearing May 15.
+- **2023-05-15** From committee: Be ordered to second reading pursuant to Senate Rule 28.8 and ordered to consent calendar. `committee-passage, reading-2`
+- **2023-05-16** Read second time. Ordered to consent calendar. `reading-1, reading-2`
+- **2023-05-18** Read third time. Passed. (Ayes 38. Noes 0. Page 1103.) Ordered to the Assembly. `passage, reading-1, reading-3`
+- **2023-05-18** In Assembly. Read first time. Held at Desk. `reading-1`
+- **2023-05-26** Referred to Com. on JUD. `referral-committee`
+- **2023-06-12** June 13 set for first hearing canceled at the request of author.
+- **2023-06-20** From committee: Do pass as amended and re-refer to Com. on APPR. with recommendation: To consent calendar. (Ayes 10. Noes 0.) (June 20). `amendment-passage, committee-passage, committee-passage-favorable`
+- **2023-06-21** Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on APPR. `amendment-passage, reading-1, reading-2, referral-committee`
+- **2023-07-12** From committee: Do pass. Ordered to consent calendar. (Ayes 15. Noes 0.) (July 12). `committee-passage, committee-passage-favorable`
+- **2023-07-13** Read second time. Ordered to consent calendar. `reading-1, reading-2`
+- **2023-08-17** From consent calendar on motion of Assembly Member Blanca Rubio.
+- **2023-08-17** Ordered to third reading.
+- **2023-08-31** Read third time and amended. `amendment-passage, reading-1, reading-3`
+- **2023-08-31** Ordered to third reading.
+- **2023-09-07** Read third time. Passed. (Ayes 79. Noes 0. Page 2990.) Ordered to the Senate. `passage, reading-1, reading-3`
+- **2023-09-07** In Senate. Concurrence in Assembly amendments pending.
+- **2023-09-11** Assembly amendments concurred in. (Ayes 39. Noes 0. Page 2600.) Ordered to engrossing and enrolling. `amendment-passage, committee-passage-favorable`
+- **2023-09-15** Enrolled and presented to the Governor at 3 p.m.
+- **2023-10-13** Approved by the Governor. `executive-signature`
+- **2023-10-13** Chaptered by Secretary of State. Chapter 874, Statutes of 2023. `became-law`
+
+## Source
+
+OpenStates / OpenCivicData bulk snapshot [2026-07-01](https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump); origin `ocd-bill/4ac4510e-d205-48a3-aef5-8fb1f2a2ba35`. Confidence: reported (aggregated from official California legislature records).
+