Legislation: batch E — CA TN VA VT WA WI WV WY

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

legislation/us/states/va/2020/hb-445.md

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+---
+type: "Bill"
+title: "Light units; candlepower to lumens."
+description: "Light units; candlepower to lumens. States the limits on brightness for certain lights in vehicles in lumens. Current law provides such restrictions in candlepower only."
+jurisdiction: "us/states/va"
+legislature: "Virginia General Assembly"
+session: "2020"
+identifier: "HB 445"
+citation: "Virginia HB 445 (2020)"
+classification: ["bill"]
+subjects: []
+status: "enacted"
+primary_sponsors: ["Roxann L. Robinson"]
+version_count: 4
+action_count: 24
+vote_count: 6
+first_action: "2020-01-03"
+last_action: "2020-03-23"
+source: "openstates"
+source_identifier: "ocd-bill/66503beb-04e7-4d10-a6b7-3cfd0f671d09"
+source_url: "https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?201+sum+HB445"
+source_hash: "3c488b262d21b5e8def5b1166d6d4c38302aa8de8abff9b676630ff86149bcaa"
+vintage: "2026-07-01"
+source_snapshot: "https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-06"
+confidence: "reported"
+tags: ["legislation", "bill", "us-va"]
+---
+
+# Virginia HB 445 (2020) — Light units; candlepower to lumens.
+
+Light units; candlepower to lumens. States the limits on brightness for certain lights in vehicles in lumens. Current law provides such restrictions in candlepower only.
+
+## Version chain
+
+The bill's text revisions, in order — the diff chain from filing to enrollment.
+
+1. **Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0393)** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?201+ful+CHAP0393)
+2. **Bill text as passed House and Senate (HB445ER)** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?201+ful+HB445ER)
+3. **Engrossed by House - committee substitute HB445H1** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?201+ful+HB445H1)
+4. **Engrossed by House - committee substitute HB445H1** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?201+ful+HB445)
+
+## Votes
+
+- Subcommittee recommends reporting with substitute (8-Y 0-N) — **8–0** (pass) · lower
+- VOTE: (98-Y 0-N) — **97–0** (pass) · lower
+- Reported from Transportation with substitute (22-Y 0-N) — **22–0** (pass) · lower
+- Passed Senate (40-Y 0-N) — **40–0** (pass) · upper
+- Constitutional reading dispensed (39-Y 0-N) — **39–0** (pass) · upper
+- Reported from Transportation (15-Y 0-N) — **15–0** (pass) · upper
+
+## Sponsors
+
+- Roxann L. Robinson — primary (person)
+
+## Timeline
+
+The legislative action history — every referral, reading, and vote.
+
+- **2020-01-03** Prefiled and ordered printed; offered 01/08/20 20103516D `introduction`
+- **2020-01-03** Referred to Committee on Transportation `referral-committee`
+- **2020-01-15** Assigned Transportation sub: Transportation Innovations and General Topics `referral-committee`
+- **2020-01-21** Subcommittee recommends reporting with substitute (8-Y 0-N)
+- **2020-01-23** Reported from Transportation with substitute (22-Y 0-N) `committee-passage`
+- **2020-01-23** Committee substitute printed 20106314D-H1 `substitution`
+- **2020-01-27** Read first time `reading-1`
+- **2020-01-28** Read second time `reading-2`
+- **2020-01-28** Committee substitute agreed to 20106314D-H1
+- **2020-01-28** Engrossed by House - committee substitute HB445H1
+- **2020-01-29** Read third time and passed House BLOCK VOTE (98-Y 0-N) `passage, reading-3`
+- **2020-01-29** VOTE: (98-Y 0-N)
+- **2020-01-30** Constitutional reading dispensed
+- **2020-01-30** Referred to Committee on Transportation `referral-committee`
+- **2020-02-27** Reported from Transportation (15-Y 0-N) `committee-passage`
+- **2020-03-02** Constitutional reading dispensed (39-Y 0-N)
+- **2020-03-03** Read third time `reading-3`
+- **2020-03-03** Passed Senate (40-Y 0-N) `passage`
+- **2020-03-06** Enrolled
+- **2020-03-06** Signed by Speaker
+- **2020-03-06** Signed by President
+- **2020-03-12** Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 12, 2020
+- **2020-03-12** Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 11, 2020
+- **2020-03-23** Approved by Governor-Chapter 393 (effective 7/1/20) `executive-signature`
+
+## Source
+
+OpenStates / OpenCivicData bulk snapshot [2026-07-01](https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump); origin `ocd-bill/66503beb-04e7-4d10-a6b7-3cfd0f671d09`. Confidence: reported (aggregated from official Virginia legislature records).
+