Legal corpus: the complete U.S. Code (59,740 sections, all 53 titles)

Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code
now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 ->
59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun,
verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make
legal-us-code default now covers every title.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1002.md

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1002"
+description: "Definition of institution of higher education for purposes of student assistance programs"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1002"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1002"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1002"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "0a1f54baacb01c43934b57ab64f6bc37bbb6a6b878ff41e3e7253b5ba8221106"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "773cff250e5a28375bf51e635a2da75dcac91a272cf8d5a7c3785e88f4a24a50"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1002 - Definition of institution of higher education for purposes of student assistance programs
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Definition of institution of higher education for purposes of student assistance programs (1) Inclusion of additional institutions Subject to paragraphs (2) through (4) of this subsection, the term “institution of higher education” for purposes of subchapter IV includes, in addition to the institutions covered by the definition in section 1001 of this title—
+
+(A) a proprietary institution of higher education (as defined in subsection (b) of this section);
+
+(B) a postsecondary vocational institution (as defined in subsection (c) of this section); and
+
+(C) only for the purposes of part D of subchapter IV, an institution outside the United States that is comparable to an institution of higher education as defined in section 1001 of this title and that has been approved by the Secretary for the purpose of part D of subchapter IV, consistent with the requirements of section 1087b(d) of this title.
+
+(2) Institutions outside the United States (A) In general For the purpose of qualifying as an institution under paragraph (1)(C), the Secretary shall establish criteria by regulation for the approval of institutions outside the United States and for the determination that such institutions are comparable to an institution of higher education as defined in section 1001 of this title (except that a graduate medical school, nursing school, or a veterinary school, located outside the United States shall not be required to meet the requirements of section 1001(a)(4) of this title). Such criteria shall include a requirement that a student attending such school outside the United States is ineligible for loans made under part D of subchapter IV unless—
+
+(i) except as provided in subparagraph (B)(iii)(IV), in the case of a graduate medical school located outside the United States—
+
+(I) (aa) at least 60 percent of those enrolled in, and at least 60 percent of the graduates of, the graduate medical school outside the United States were not persons described in section 1091(a)(5) of this title in the year preceding the year for which a student is seeking a loan under part D of subchapter IV; and
+
+(bb) at least 75 percent of the individuals who were students or graduates of the graduate medical school outside the United States or Canada (both nationals of the United States and others) taking the examinations administered by the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates received a passing score in the year preceding the year for which a student is seeking a loan under part D of subchapter IV; or
+
+(II) the institution—
+
+(aa) has or had a clinical training program that was approved by a State as of January 1, 1992; and
+
+(bb) continues to operate a clinical training program in at least one State that is approved by that State;
+
+(ii) in the case of a veterinary school located outside the United States that does not meet the requirements of section 1001(a)(4) of this title, the institution’s students complete their clinical training at an approved veterinary school located in the United States; or
+
+(iii) in the case of a nursing school located outside of the United States—
+
+(I) the nursing school has an agreement with a hospital, or accredited school of nursing (as such terms are defined in section 296 of title 42), located in the United States that requires the students of the nursing school to complete the students’ clinical training at such hospital or accredited school of nursing;
+
+(II) the nursing school has an agreement with an accredited school of nursing located in the United States providing that the students graduating from the nursing school located outside of the United States also receive a degree from the accredited school of nursing located in the United States;
+
+(III) the nursing school certifies only Federal Direct Stafford Loans under section 1087e(a)(2)(A) of this title, Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loans under section 1087e(a)(2)(D) of this title, or Federal Direct PLUS Loans under section 1087e(a)(2)(B) of this title for students attending the institution;
+
+(IV) the nursing school reimburses the Secretary for the cost of any loan defaults for current and former students included in the calculation of the institution’s cohort default rate during the previous fiscal year; and
+
+(V) not less than 75 percent of the individuals who were students or graduates of the nursing school, and who took the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses in the year preceding the year for which the institution is certifying a Federal Direct Stafford Loan under section 1087e(a)(2)(A) of this title, a Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under section 1087e(a)(2)(D) of this title, or a Federal Direct PLUS Loan under section 1087e(a)(2)(B) of this title, received a passing score on such examination.
+
+(B) Advisory panel (i) In general For the purpose of qualifying as an institution under paragraph (1)(C) of this subsection, the Secretary shall establish an advisory panel of medical experts that shall—
+
+(I) evaluate the standards of accreditation applied to applicant foreign medical schools; and
+
+(II) determine the comparability of those standards to standards for accreditation applied to United States medical schools.
+
+(ii) Special rule If the accreditation standards described in clause (i) are determined not to be comparable, the foreign medical school shall be required to meet the requirements of section 1001 of this title.
+
+(iii) Report (I) In general Not later than 1 year after August 14, 2008, the advisory panel described in clause (i) shall submit a report to the Secretary and to the authorizing committees recommending eligibility criteria for participation in the loan programs under part D of subchapter IV for graduate medical schools that—
+
+(aa) are located outside of the United States;
+
+(bb) do not meet the requirements of subparagraph (A)(i); and
+
+(cc) have a clinical training program approved by a State prior to January 1, 2008.
+
+(II) Recommendations In the report described in subclause (I), the advisory panel’s eligibility criteria shall include recommendations regarding the appropriate levels of performance for graduate medical schools described in such subclause in the following areas:
+
+(aa) Entrance requirements.
+
+(bb) Retention and graduation rates.
+
+(cc) Successful placement of students in United States medical residency programs.
+
+(dd) Passage rate of students on the United States Medical Licensing Examination.
+
+(ee) The extent to which State medical boards have assessed the quality of such school’s program of instruction, including through on-site reviews.
+
+(ff) The extent to which graduates of such schools would be unable to practice medicine in 1 or more States, based on the judgment of a State medical board.
+
+(gg) Any areas recommended by the Comptroller General of the United States under section 1101 of the Higher Education Opportunity Act.
+
+(hh) Any additional areas the Secretary may require.
+
+(III) Minimum eligibility requirement In the recommendations described in subclause (II), the criteria described in subparagraph (A)(i)(I)(bb) shall be a minimum eligibility requirement for a graduate medical school described in subclause (I) to participate in the loan programs under part D of subchapter IV.
+
+(IV) Authority The Secretary may—
+
+(aa) not earlier than 180 days after the submission of the report described in subclause (I), issue proposed regulations establishing criteria for the eligibility of graduate medical schools described in such subclause to participate in the loan programs under part D of subchapter IV based on the recommendations of such report; and
+
+(bb) not earlier than one year after the issuance of proposed regulations under item (aa), issue final regulations establishing such criteria for eligibility.
+
+(C) Failure to release information The failure of an institution outside the United States to provide, release, or authorize release to the Secretary of such information as may be required by subparagraph (A) shall render such institution ineligible for the purpose of part D of subchapter IV.
+
+(D) Special rule If, pursuant to this paragraph, an institution loses eligibility to participate in the programs under subchapter IV, then a student enrolled at such institution may, notwithstanding such loss of eligibility, continue to be eligible to receive a loan under part D of subchapter IV while attending such institution for the academic year succeeding the academic year in which such loss of eligibility occurred.
+
+(3) Limitations based on course of study or enrollment An institution shall not be considered to meet the definition of an institution of higher education in paragraph (1) if such institution—
+
+(A) offers more than 50 percent of such institution’s courses by correspondence (excluding courses offered by telecommunications as defined in section 1091(l)(4) 11 See References in Text note below. of this title), unless the institution is an institution that meets the definition in section 2302(3)(C) of this title;
+
+(B) enrolls 50 percent or more of the institution’s students in correspondence courses (excluding courses offered by telecommunications as defined in section 1091(l)(4) 1 of this title), unless the institution is an institution that meets the definition in such section, except that the Secretary, at the request of such institution, may waive the applicability of this subparagraph to such institution for good cause, as determined by the Secretary in the case of an institution of higher education that provides a 2- or 4-year program of instruction (or both) for which the institution awards an associate or baccalaureate degree, respectively;
+
+(C) has a student enrollment in which more than 25 percent of the students are incarcerated, except that the Secretary may waive the limitation contained in this subparagraph for a nonprofit institution that provides a 2- or 4-year program of instruction (or both) for which the institution awards a bachelor’s degree, or an associate’s degree or a postsecondary diploma, respectively; or
+
+(D) has a student enrollment in which more than 50 percent of the students do not have a secondary school diploma or its recognized equivalent, and does not provide a 2- or 4-year program of instruction (or both) for which the institution awards a bachelor’s degree or an associate’s degree, respectively, except that the Secretary may waive the limitation contained in this subparagraph if a nonprofit institution demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary that the institution exceeds such limitation because the institution serves, through contracts with Federal, State, or local government agencies, significant numbers of students who do not have a secondary school diploma or its recognized equivalent.
+
+(4) Limitations based on management An institution shall not be considered to meet the definition of an institution of higher education in paragraph (1) if—
+
+(A) the institution, or an affiliate of the institution that has the power, by contract or ownership interest, to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of the institution, has filed for bankruptcy, except that this paragraph shall not apply to a nonprofit institution, the primary function of which is to provide health care educational services (or an affiliate of such an institution that has the power, by contract or ownership interest, to direct or cause the direction of the institution’s management or policies) that files for bankruptcy under chapter 11 of title 11 between July 1, 1998, and December 1, 1998; or
+
+(B) the institution, the institution’s owner, or the institution’s chief executive officer has been convicted of, or has pled nolo contendere or guilty to, a crime involving the acquisition, use, or expenditure of funds under subchapter IV, or has been judicially determined to have committed fraud involving funds under subchapter IV.
+
+(5) Certification The Secretary shall certify an institution’s qualification as an institution of higher education in accordance with the requirements of subpart 3 of part H of subchapter IV.
+
+(6) Loss of eligibility An institution of higher education shall not be considered to meet the definition of an institution of higher education in paragraph (1) if such institution is removed from eligibility for funds under subchapter IV as a result of an action pursuant to part H of subchapter IV.
+
+(b) Proprietary institution of higher education (1) Principal criteria For the purpose of this section, the term “proprietary institution of higher education” means a school that—
+
+(A) (i) provides an eligible program of training to prepare students for gainful employment in a recognized occupation; or
+
+(ii) (I) provides a program leading to a baccalaureate degree in liberal arts, and has provided such a program since January 1, 2009; and
+
+(II) is accredited by a recognized regional accrediting agency or association, and has continuously held such accreditation since October 1, 2007, or earlier;
+
+(B) meets the requirements of paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 1001(a) of this title;
+
+(C) does not meet the requirement of paragraph (4) of section 1001(a) of this title;
+
+(D) is accredited by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or association recognized by the Secretary pursuant to part H of subchapter IV; and
+
+(E) has been in existence for at least 2 years.
+
+(2) Additional institutions The term “proprietary institution of higher education” also includes a proprietary educational institution in any State that, in lieu of the requirement in section 1001(a)(1) of this title, admits as regular students individuals—
+
+(A) who are beyond the age of compulsory school attendance in the State in which the institution is located; or
+
+(B) who will be dually or concurrently enrolled in the institution and a secondary school.
+
+(c) Postsecondary vocational institution (1) Principal criteria For the purpose of this section, the term “postsecondary vocational institution” means a school that—
+
+(A) provides an eligible program of training to prepare students for gainful employment in a recognized occupation;
+
+(B) meets the requirements of paragraphs (1), (2), (4), and (5) of section 1001(a) of this title; and
+
+(C) has been in existence for at least 2 years.
+
+(2) Additional institutions The term “postsecondary vocational institution” also includes an educational institution in any State that, in lieu of the requirement in section 1001(a)(1) of this title, admits as regular students individuals—
+
+(A) who are beyond the age of compulsory school attendance in the State in which the institution is located; or
+
+(B) who will be dually or concurrently enrolled in the institution and a secondary school.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 102, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1586; amended Pub. L. 108–98, § 1(a), Oct. 10, 2003, 117 Stat. 1174; Pub. L. 109–171, title VIII, § 8002, Feb. 8, 2006, 120 Stat. 155; Pub. L. 109–270, § 2(c)(1), Aug. 12, 2006, 120 Stat. 746; Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 102(a)–(d)(1), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3083–3085; Pub. L. 111–39, title I, § 101(b)(1), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1935; Pub. L. 111–152, title II, § 2209(b)(1), Mar. 30, 2010, 124 Stat. 1077.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextSection 1101 of the Higher Education Opportunity Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B)(iii)(II)(gg), is section 1101 of title XI of 110–315, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3490, which is not classified to the Code. Section 1091(l) of this title, referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(A), (B), was struck out and a new section 1091(l) was added by Pub. L. 110–315, title IV, § 485(a)(5), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3288. As so amended, section 1091(l) no longer contains a par. (4) or a definition of “telecommunications”.
+
+Prior ProvisionsProvisions similar to this section were contained in section 1088(a) to (c) of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–244. A prior section 1002, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 102, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 459, related to partnership agreements required for grant eligibility, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244. Another prior section 1002, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 102, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title I, § 101, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1278, defined terms “continuing education”, “adult learner”, “eligible institution”, and “qualified entity”, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325. Another prior section 1002, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 102, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1374, provided for establishment of Commission on National Development in Postsecondary Education, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. Another prior section 1002, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 102, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1219; Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 101(b)(1), (g)(2), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2083, 2086, defined the terms “community service program”, “continuing education program”, and “resource materials sharing programs”, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.
+
+Amendments2010—Pub. L. 111–152, § 2209(b)(1)(A), substituted “part D” for “part B” wherever appearing before “subchapter IV”. Subsec. (a)(1)(C). Pub. L. 111–152, § 2209(b)(1)(B), inserted “, consistent with the requirements of section 1087b(d) of this title” before period at end. Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 111–152, § 2209(b)(1)(C)(i), substituted “made” for “made, insured, or guaranteed” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (a)(2)(A)(iii)(III). Pub. L. 111–152, § 2209(b)(1)(C)(ii)(I), substituted “only Federal Direct Stafford Loans under section 1087e(a)(2)(A) of this title, Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loans under section 1087e(a)(2)(D) of this title, or Federal Direct PLUS Loans under section 1087e(a)(2)(B) of this title” for “only Federal Stafford Loans under section 1078 of this title, unsubsidized Federal Stafford Loans under section 1078–8 of this title, or Federal PLUS loans under section 1078–2 of this title”. Subsec. (a)(2)(A)(iii)(V). Pub. L. 111–152, § 2209(b)(1)(C)(ii)(II), substituted “a Federal Direct Stafford Loan under section 1087e(a)(2)(A) of this title, a Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under section 1087e(a)(2)(D) of this title, or a Federal Direct PLUS Loan under section 1087e(a)(2)(B) of this title” for “a Federal Stafford Loan under section 1078 of this title, an unsubsidized Federal Stafford Loan under section 1078–8 of this title, or a Federal PLUS loan under section 1078–2 of this title”. 2009—Subsec. (a)(2)(D). Pub. L. 111–39 substituted “under part B of subchapter IV” for “under part B”. 2008—Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 110–315, § 102(a)(1)(A), inserted “nursing school,” after “graduate medical school,” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (a)(2)(A)(i). Pub. L. 110–315, § 102(a)(1)(B)(i), inserted “except as provided in subparagraph (B)(iii)(IV),” before “in the case” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (a)(2)(A)(i)(I)(bb). Pub. L. 110–315, § 102(b), substituted “75” for “60”. Subsec. (a)(2)(A)(i)(II). Pub. L. 110–315, § 102(a)(1)(B)(ii), added subcl. (II) and struck out former subcl. (II) which read as follows: “the institution has a clinical training program that was approved by a State as of January 1, 1992; or”. Subsec. (a)(2)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 110–315, § 102(a)(1)(C), (D), added cl. (iii). Subsec. (a)(2)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 110–315, § 102(a)(2), added cl. (iii). Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 110–315, § 102(d)(1)(A)(i), added subpar. (A) and struck out former subpar. (A) which read as follows: “provides an eligible program of training to prepare students for gainful employment in a recognized occupation;”. Subsec. (b)(1)(D) to (F). Pub. L. 110–315, § 102(c), struck out “and” after semicolon in subpar. (D), substituted “; and” for period in subpar. (E), and struck out subpar. (F) which read as follows: “has at least 10 percent of the school’s revenues from sources that are not derived from funds provided under subchapter IV, as determined in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary.” Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 110–315, § 102(d)(1)(A)(ii), added par. (2) and struck out former par. (2). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The term ‘proprietary institution of higher education’ also includes a proprietary educational institution in any State that, in lieu of the requirement in paragraph (1) of section 1001(a) of this title, admits as regular students persons who are beyond the age of compulsory school attendance in the State in which the institution is located.” Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 110–315, § 102(d)(1)(B), added par. (2) and struck out former par. (2). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The term ‘postsecondary vocational institution’ also includes an educational institution in any State that, in lieu of the requirement in paragraph (1) of section 1001(a) of this title, admits as regular students persons who are beyond the age of compulsory school attendance in the State in which the institution is located.” 2006—Subsec. (a)(3)(A). Pub. L. 109–270 substituted “2302(3)(C) of this title” for “2471(4)(C) of this title”. Pub. L. 109–171, § 8002(1), inserted “(excluding courses offered by telecommunications as defined in section 1091(l)(4) of this title)” after “courses by correspondence”. Subsec. (a)(3)(B). Pub. L. 109–171, § 8002(2), inserted “(excluding courses offered by telecommunications as defined in section 1091(l)(4) of this title)” after “correspondence courses”. 2003—Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 108–98 amended subpar. (A) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (A) required the Secretary to establish criteria for approval of institutions outside the United States for purposes of par. (1)(C), including certain requirements for graduate medical or veterinary schools.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2010 AmendmentPub. L. 111–152, title II, § 2209(b)(2), Mar. 30, 2010, 124 Stat. 1078, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall be effective on July 1, 2010, as if enacted as part of section 102(a)(1) of the Higher Education Opportunity Act (Public Law 110–315) and subject to section 102(e) of such Act as amended by section 101(a)(2) of Public Law 111–39 (20 U.S.C. 1002 note).”
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 2008 AmendmentPub. L. 110–315, title I, § 102(e), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3086, as amended by Pub. L. 111–39, title I, § 101(a)(2), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1935, provided that: “The amendments made by subsections (a)(1), (b), and (d) [amending this section] shall take effect on July 1, 2010, except that, with respect to foreign nursing schools that were eligible to participate in part B of title IV [20 U.S.C. 1071 et seq.] as of the day before the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 14, 2008], the amendments made by subsection (a)(1)(D) [amending this section] shall take effect on July 1, 2012.”
+
+Effective Date of 2006 AmendmentPub. L. 109–171, title VIII, § 8001(c), Feb. 8, 2006, 120 Stat. 155, provided that: “Except as otherwise provided in this subtitle [subtitle A (§§ 8001–8024) of title VIII of Pub. L. 109–171, see Short Title of 2006 Amendment note set out under section 1001 of this title] or the amendments made by this subtitle, the amendments made by this subtitle shall be effective July 1, 2006.”
+
+Effective Date of 2003 AmendmentPub. L. 108–98, § 1(b), Oct. 10, 2003, 117 Stat. 1175, provided that: “This Act [amending this section] and the amendments made by this Act shall be effective as if enacted on October 1, 1998.”
+
+ConstructionPub. L. 110–315, title I, § 102(d)(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3086, provided that: “Nothing in the amendment made by paragraph (1)(A)(i) to section 102(b)(1)(A) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1002(b)(1)(A)) shall be construed to negate or supercede any State laws governing proprietary institutions of higher education.”

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1011.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1011"
+description: "Antidiscrimination"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1011"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1011"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1011"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "aa6c60d7fe504010ff98b3373cd6521c80e3dd78db9b82ca591910406bf22019"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "38d13b2e75c28085272616de5f742969eaf4eedc897c7aaebd46c4125e663c2d"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1011 - Antidiscrimination
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In general Institutions of higher education receiving Federal financial assistance may not use such financial assistance, directly or indirectly, to undertake any study or project or fulfill the terms of any contract containing an express or implied provision that any person or persons of a particular race, religion, sex, or national origin be barred from performing such study, project, or contract, except that nothing in this subsection shall be construed to prohibit an institution from conducting objective studies or projects concerning the nature, effects, or prevention of discrimination, or to have the institution’s curriculum restricted on the subject of discrimination.
+
+(b) Limitations on statutory construction Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to limit the rights or responsibilities of any individual under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 [42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.], the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 [29 U.S.C. 701 et seq.], or any other law.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 111, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1590; amended Pub. L. 111–39, title I, § 101(b)(2), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1935.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (b), is Pub. L. 101–336, July 26, 1990, 104 Stat. 327, which is classified principally to chapter 126 (§ 12101 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 12101 of Title 42 and Tables. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973, referred to in subsec. (b), is Pub. L. 93–112, Sept. 26, 1973, 87 Stat. 355, which is classified generally to chapter 16 (§ 701 et seq.) of Title 29, Labor. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 701 of Title 29 and Tables.
+
+Prior ProvisionsProvisions similar to this section were contained in section 1142 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–244. A prior section 1011, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 121, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 461, stated congressional findings and purposes of articulation agreements grant program, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244. Another prior section 1011, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 111, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title I, § 101, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1279, related to institutional development, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325. Another prior section 1011, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 111, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1377, stated Congressional findings with respect to education outreach programs, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. Another prior section 1011, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 114, formerly § 111, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1224, renumbered § 112 and amended Pub. L. 92–318, title I, §§ 102(a)(1), 131(d)(2)(A), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 236, 260, renumbered § 113, Pub. L. 93–29, title VIII, § 803, May 3, 1973, 87 Stat. 59, renumbered § 114, Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 101(e), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2085, prohibited the giving of grants for programs relating to sectarian instruction or worship, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.
+
+Amendments2009—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 111–39 substituted “with” for “With”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1011a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1011a"
+description: "Protection of student speech and association rights"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1011a"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1011a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1011a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "f162c0f35a14592083678f4b41e066628c40bab3341406d6c48eb80fd72e477b"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "2dae07fd2181faea90b550b849455d1c6e94209571652948964de20c11514aae"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1011a - Protection of student speech and association rights
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Protection of rights (1) It is the sense of Congress that no student attending an institution of higher education on a full- or part-time basis should, on the basis of participation in protected speech or protected association, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination or official sanction under any education program, activity, or division of the institution directly or indirectly receiving financial assistance under this chapter, whether or not such program, activity, or division is sponsored or officially sanctioned by the institution.
+
+(2) It is the sense of Congress that—
+
+(A) the diversity of institutions and educational missions is one of the key strengths of American higher education;
+
+(B) individual institutions of higher education have different missions and each institution should design its academic program in accordance with its educational goals;
+
+(C) an institution of higher education should facilitate the free and open exchange of ideas;
+
+(D) students should not be intimidated, harassed, discouraged from speaking out, or discriminated against;
+
+(E) students should be treated equally and fairly; and
+
+(F) nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to modify, change, or infringe upon any constitutionally protected religious liberty, freedom, expression, or association.
+
+(b) Construction Nothing in this section shall be construed—
+
+(1) to discourage the imposition of an official sanction on a student that has willfully participated in the disruption or attempted disruption of a lecture, class, speech, presentation, or performance made or scheduled to be made under the auspices of the institution of higher education, provided that the imposition of such sanction is done objectively and fairly; or
+
+(2) to prevent an institution of higher education from taking appropriate and effective action to prevent violations of State liquor laws, to discourage binge drinking and other alcohol abuse, to protect students from sexual harassment including assault and date rape, to prevent hazing, or to regulate unsanitary or unsafe conditions in any student residence.
+
+(c) Definitions For the purposes of this section:
+
+(1) Official sanction The term “official sanction”—
+
+(A) means expulsion, suspension, probation, censure, condemnation, reprimand, or any other disciplinary, coercive, or adverse action taken by an institution of higher education or administrative unit of the institution; and
+
+(B) includes an oral or written warning made by an official of an institution of higher education acting in the official capacity of the official.
+
+(2) Protected association The term “protected association” means the joining, assembling, and residing with others that is protected under the first and 14th amendments to the Constitution, or would be protected if the institution of higher education involved were subject to those amendments.
+
+(3) Protected speech The term “protected speech” means speech that is protected under the first and 14th amendments to the Constitution, or would be protected if the institution of higher education involved were subject to those amendments.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 112, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1591; amended Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 104, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3090.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1011a, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 122, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 462, authorized grants to States, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–315, § 104(1), designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2). Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 110–315, § 104(2), inserted “, provided that the imposition of such sanction is done objectively and fairly” after “higher education”.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1011b.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1011b"
+description: "Territorial waiver authority"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1011b"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1011b"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1011b"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "cd92a4f44e231763df405d9e44cdc98fa22508162cd62eb95f4121d0edab593f"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "ebcb2534f1450e5cdf5a7c07d416cd96b2d9c260a6fb4025660a69aa50f083db"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1011b - Territorial waiver authority
+
+## Text
+
+The Secretary is required to waive the eligibility criteria of any postsecondary education program administered by the Department where such criteria do not take into account the unique circumstances in Guam, the United States Virgin Islands, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Freely Associated States.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 113, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1591; amended Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 105, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3090.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsProvisions similar to this section were contained in section 1144a of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–244. A prior section 1011b, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 123, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 462, related to State applications for grants, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Amendments2008—Pub. L. 110–315 substituted “Territorial waiver authority” for “Treatment of territories and territorial student assistance” in section catchline and struck out subsec. (a) designation and heading and subsec. (b). Text of former subsec. (b) read as follows: “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an institution of higher education that is located in any of the Freely Associated States, rather than in another State, shall be eligible, if otherwise qualified, for assistance under division 1 of subpart 2 of part A of subchapter IV of this chapter. This subsection shall cease to be effective on September 30, 2004.”

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1011c.md

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1011c"
+description: "National Advisory Committee on Institutional Quality and Integrity"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1011c"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1011c"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1011c"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "00e2a2028cdbb9a2731803f223b3d36ac7391b7e93501668430e7680c965e8b5"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "d695152ba8a738c1277b6eeba644b4c61e142760dff3478865cc061f0271238c"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1011c - National Advisory Committee on Institutional Quality and Integrity
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Establishment There is established in the Department a National Advisory Committee on Institutional Quality and Integrity (in this section referred to as the “Committee”) to assess the process of accreditation and the institutional eligibility and certification of institutions of higher education (as defined in section 1002 of this title) under subchapter IV.
+
+(b) Membership (1) In general The Committee shall have 18 members, of which—
+
+(A) six members shall be appointed by the Secretary;
+
+(B) six members shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives, three of whom shall be appointed on the recommendation of the majority leader of the House of Representatives, and three of whom shall be appointed on the recommendation of the minority leader of the House of Representatives; and
+
+(C) six members shall be appointed by the President pro tempore of the Senate, three of whom shall be appointed on the recommendation of the majority leader of the Senate, and three of whom shall be appointed on the recommendation of the minority leader of the Senate.
+
+(2) Qualifications Individuals shall be appointed as members of the Committee—
+
+(A) on the basis of the individuals’ experience, integrity, impartiality, and good judgment;
+
+(B) from among individuals who are representatives of, or knowledgeable concerning, education and training beyond secondary education, representing all sectors and types of institutions of higher education (as defined in section 1002 of this title); and
+
+(C) on the basis of the individuals’ technical qualifications, professional standing, and demonstrated knowledge in the fields of accreditation and administration in higher education.
+
+(3) Terms of members Except as provided in paragraph (5), the term of office of each member of the Committee shall be for six years, except that any member appointed to fill a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which the member’s predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term.
+
+(4) Vacancy A vacancy on the Committee shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment was made not later than 90 days after the vacancy occurs. If a vacancy occurs in a position to be filled by the Secretary, the Secretary shall publish a Federal Register notice soliciting nominations for the position not later than 30 days after being notified of the vacancy.
+
+(5) Initial terms The terms of office for the initial members of the Committee shall be—
+
+(A) three years for members appointed under paragraph (1)(A);
+
+(B) four years for members appointed under paragraph (1)(B); and
+
+(C) six years for members appointed under paragraph (1)(C).
+
+(6) Chairperson The members of the Committee shall select a chairperson from among the members.
+
+(c) Functions The Committee shall—
+
+(1) advise the Secretary with respect to establishment and enforcement of the standards of accrediting agencies or associations under subpart 2 of part H of subchapter IV;
+
+(2) advise the Secretary with respect to the recognition of a specific accrediting agency or association;
+
+(3) advise the Secretary with respect to the preparation and publication of the list of nationally recognized accrediting agencies and associations;
+
+(4) advise the Secretary with respect to the eligibility and certification process for institutions of higher education under subchapter IV, together with recommendations for improvements in such process;
+
+(5) advise the Secretary with respect to the relationship between—
+
+(A) accreditation of institutions of higher education and the certification and eligibility of such institutions; and
+
+(B) State licensing responsibilities with respect to such institutions; and
+
+(6) carry out such other advisory functions relating to accreditation and institutional eligibility as the Secretary may prescribe by regulation.
+
+(d) Meeting procedures (1) Schedule (A) Biannual meetings The Committee shall meet not less often than twice each year, at the call of the Chairperson.
+
+(B) Publication of date The Committee shall submit the date and location of each meeting in advance to the Secretary, and the Secretary shall publish such information in the Federal Register not later than 30 days before the meeting.
+
+(2) Agenda (A) Establishment The agenda for a meeting of the Committee shall be established by the Chairperson and shall be submitted to the members of the Committee upon notification of the meeting.
+
+(B) Opportunity for public comment The agenda shall include, at a minimum, opportunity for public comment during the Committee’s deliberations.
+
+(3) Secretary’s designee The Secretary shall designate an employee of the Department to serve as the Secretary’s designee to the Committee, and the Chairperson shall invite the Secretary’s designee to attend all meetings of the Committee.
+
+(4) Chapter 10 of title 5 Chapter 10 of title 5 shall apply to the Committee, except that section 1013 of title 5 shall not apply.
+
+(e) Report and notice (1) Notice The Secretary shall annually publish in the Federal Register—
+
+(A) a list containing, for each member of the Committee—
+
+(i) the member’s name;
+
+(ii) the date of the expiration of the member’s term of office; and
+
+(iii) the name of the individual described in subsection (b)(1) who appointed the member; and
+
+(B) a solicitation of nominations for each expiring term of office on the Committee of a member appointed by the Secretary.
+
+(2) Report Not later than the last day of each fiscal year, the Committee shall make available an annual report to the Secretary, the authorizing committees, and the public. The annual report shall contain—
+
+(A) a detailed summary of the agenda and activities of, and the findings and recommendations made by, the Committee during the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the report is made;
+
+(B) a list of the date and location of each meeting during the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the report is made;
+
+(C) a list of the members of the Committee; and
+
+(D) a list of the functions of the Committee, including any additional functions established by the Secretary through regulation.
+
+(f) Termination The Committee shall terminate on September 30, 2021.11 See Termination of Committee note below.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 114, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1592; amended Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 106(a), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3090; Pub. L. 113–174, § 1, Sept. 26, 2014, 128 Stat. 1900; Pub. L. 114–113, div. H, title III, § 309, Dec. 18, 2015, 129 Stat. 2638; Pub. L. 115–31, div. H, title III, § 308, May 5, 2017, 131 Stat. 552; Pub. L. 115–141, div. H, title III, § 308, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 750; Pub. L. 115–245, div. B, title III, § 306, Sept. 28, 2018, 132 Stat. 3105; Pub. L. 116–94, div. A, title III, § 305, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2595; Pub. L. 116–260, div. H, title III, § 305, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 1608; Pub. L. 117–286, § 4(a)(146), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4322.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsProvisions similar to this section were contained in section 1145 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–244. A prior section 1011c, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 124, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 463, related to local applications for grants, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Amendments2022—Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 117–286 substituted “Chapter 10 of title 5” for “Federal Advisory Committee Act” in heading and “Chapter 10 of title 5 shall apply to the Committee, except that section 1013 of title 5” for “The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall apply to the Committee, except that section 14 of such Act” in text. 2020—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 116–260 substituted “2021” for “2020”. 2019—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 116–94 substituted “2020” for “2019”. 2018—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 115–245 substituted “2019” for “2018”. Pub. L. 115–141 substituted “2018” for “2017”. 2017—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 115–31 substituted “2017” for “2016”. 2015—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 114–113 substituted “2016” for “2015”. 2014—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 113–174 substituted “2015” for “2014”. 2008—Pub. L. 110–315 amended section generally, revising provisions relating to the National Advisory Committee on Institutional Quality and Integrity and extending its termination date from Sept. 30, 2004, to September 30, 2014.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2008 AmendmentPub. L. 110–315, title I, § 106(c), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3093, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on January 1, 2009.”
+
+Termination of CommitteePub. L. 119–75, div. B, title III, § 305, Feb. 3, 2026, 140 Stat. 305, provided that: “Section 114(f) of the HEA [Higher Education Act of 1965] (20 U.S.C. 1011c(f)) shall be applied by substituting ‘2026’ for ‘2021’.” Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts: Pub. L. 118–47, div. D, title III, § 305, Mar. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 692. Pub. L. 117–328, div. H, title III, § 305, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 4897. Pub. L. 117–103, div. H, title III, § 305, Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 484.
+
+TransitionPub. L. 110–315, title I, § 106(b), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3093, provided that: “Notwithstanding section 114 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1011c) (as in effect before, during, and after the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 14, 2008])— “(1) the term of each member appointed to the National Advisory Committee on Institutional Quality and Integrity before the date of enactment of this Act shall expire on the date of enactment of this Act; “(2) no new members shall be appointed to the National Advisory Committee on Institutional Quality and Integrity during the period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act and ending on January 31, 2009; and “(3) no meeting of the National Advisory Committee on Institutional Quality and Integrity shall be convened during such period.”

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1011d.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1011d"
+description: "Student representation"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1011d"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1011d"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1011d"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "871cc39faba3b0c9e0a7f2870669c356450eff8ff18b669b033db916948e7ec5"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "1ee06f68cc7bffe443bc0b06db7f1cfc9fb87b68763c42b44b7d8e48258e0119"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1011d - Student representation
+
+## Text
+
+The Secretary shall, in appointing individuals to any commission, committee, board, panel, or other body in connection with the administration of this chapter, include individuals who are, at the time of appointment, attending an institution of higher education.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 115, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1593.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsProvisions similar to this section were contained in section 1145b of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–244. A prior section 1011d, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 125, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 463, related to articulation agreements, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1011e.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1011e"
+description: "Financial responsibility of foreign students"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1011e"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1011e"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1011e"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "9888ee6e95afbe5a388c25f81852099c3e32f81b62c05b9b178c905449775a62"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "466c653ae7ed85f2887bd298f43353861e437d1edbece5d1b23530a36361ce83"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1011e - Financial responsibility of foreign students
+
+## Text
+
+Nothing in this chapter or any other Federal law shall be construed to prohibit any institution of higher education from requiring a student who is a foreign national (and not admitted to permanent residence in the United States) to guarantee the future payment of tuition and fees to such institution by—
+
+(1) making advance payment of such tuition and fees;
+
+(2) making deposits in an escrow account administered by such institution for such payments; or
+
+(3) obtaining a bond or other insurance that such payments will be made.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 116, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1593.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsProvisions similar to this section were contained in section 1145c of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–244. A prior section 1011e, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 126, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 464, related to State administrative costs, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1011f.md

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1011f"
+description: "Disclosures of foreign gifts"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1011f"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1011f"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1011f"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "f04b9c209fd532d8b900bcfb5242bac320240c366864303cdfd9e8e2e8f436d6"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "4bbc579155bc86c10bfaebe9b45d66e7da67e3aad8e92048b5008ab3ae5282a5"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1011f - Disclosures of foreign gifts
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Disclosure report Whenever any institution is owned or controlled by a foreign source or receives a gift from or enters into a contract with a foreign source, the value of which is $250,000 or more, considered alone or in combination with all other gifts from or contracts with that foreign source within a calendar year, the institution shall file a disclosure report with the Secretary on January 31 or July 31, whichever is sooner.
+
+(b) Contents of report Each report to the Secretary required by this section shall contain the following:
+
+(1) For gifts received from or contracts entered into with a foreign source other than a foreign government, the aggregate dollar amount of such gifts and contracts attributable to a particular country. The country to which a gift is attributable is the country of citizenship, or if unknown, the principal residence for a foreign source who is a natural person, and the country of incorporation, or if unknown, the principal place of business, for a foreign source which is a legal entity.
+
+(2) For gifts received from or contracts entered into with a foreign government, the aggregate amount of such gifts and contracts received from each foreign government.
+
+(3) In the case of an institution which is owned or controlled by a foreign source, the identity of the foreign source, the date on which the foreign source assumed ownership or control, and any changes in program or structure resulting from the change in ownership or control.
+
+(c) Additional disclosures for restricted and conditional gifts Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (b), whenever any institution receives a restricted or conditional gift or contract from a foreign source, the institution shall disclose the following:
+
+(1) For such gifts received from or contracts entered into with a foreign source other than a foreign government, the amount, the date, and a description of such conditions or restrictions. The report shall also disclose the country of citizenship, or if unknown, the principal residence for a foreign source which is a natural person, and the country of incorporation, or if unknown, the principal place of business for a foreign source which is a legal entity.
+
+(2) For gifts received from or contracts entered into with a foreign government, the amount, the date, a description of such conditions or restrictions, and the name of the foreign government.
+
+(d) Relation to other reporting requirements (1) State requirements If an institution described under subsection (a) is within a State which has enacted requirements for public disclosure of gifts from or contracts with a foreign source that are substantially similar to the requirements of this section, a copy of the disclosure report filed with the State may be filed with the Secretary in lieu of a report required under subsection (a). The State in which the institution is located shall provide to the Secretary such assurances as the Secretary may require to establish that the institution has met the requirements for public disclosure under State law if the State report is filed.
+
+(2) Use of other Federal reports If an institution receives a gift from, or enters into a contract with, a foreign source, where any other department, agency, or bureau of the executive branch requires a report containing requirements substantially similar to those required under this section, a copy of the report may be filed with the Secretary in lieu of a report required under subsection (a).
+
+(e) Public inspection All disclosure reports required by this section shall be public records open to inspection and copying during business hours.
+
+(f) Enforcement (1) Court orders Whenever it appears that an institution has failed to comply with the requirements of this section, including any rule or regulation promulgated under this section, a civil action may be brought by the Attorney General, at the request of the Secretary, in an appropriate district court of the United States, or the appropriate United States court of any territory or other place subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, to request such court to compel compliance with the requirements of this section.
+
+(2) Costs For knowing or willful failure to comply with the requirements of this section, including any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder, an institution shall pay to the Treasury of the United States the full costs to the United States of obtaining compliance, including all associated costs of investigation and enforcement.
+
+(g) Regulations The Secretary may promulgate regulations to carry out this section.
+
+(h) Definitions For the purpose of this section—
+
+(1) the term “contract” means any agreement for the acquisition by purchase, lease, or barter of property or services by the foreign source, for the direct benefit or use of either of the parties;
+
+(2) the term “foreign source” means—
+
+(A) a foreign government, including an agency of a foreign government;
+
+(B) a legal entity, governmental or otherwise, created solely under the laws of a foreign state or states;
+
+(C) an individual who is not a citizen or a national of the United States or a trust territory or protectorate thereof; and
+
+(D) an agent, including a subsidiary or affiliate of a foreign legal entity, acting on behalf of a foreign source;
+
+(3) the term “gift” means any gift of money or property;
+
+(4) the term “institution” means any institution, public or private, or, if a multicampus institution, any single campus of such institution, in any State, that—
+
+(A) is legally authorized within such State to provide a program of education beyond secondary school;
+
+(B) provides a program for which the institution awards a bachelor’s degree (or provides not less than a 2-year program which is acceptable for full credit toward such a degree) or more advanced degrees; and
+
+(C) is accredited by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or association and to which institution Federal financial assistance is extended (directly or indirectly through another entity or person), or which institution receives support from the extension of Federal financial assistance to any of the institution’s subunits; and
+
+(5) the term “restricted or conditional gift or contract” means any endowment, gift, grant, contract, award, present, or property of any kind which includes provisions regarding—
+
+(A) the employment, assignment, or termination of faculty;
+
+(B) the establishment of departments, centers, research or lecture programs, or new faculty positions;
+
+(C) the selection or admission of students; or
+
+(D) the award of grants, loans, scholarships, fellowships, or other forms of financial aid restricted to students of a specified country, religion, sex, ethnic origin, or political opinion.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 117, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1593.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsProvisions similar to this section were contained in section 1145d of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–244. A prior section 1011f, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 127, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 464, related to priority grant applications, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Ex. Ord. No. 14282. Transparency Regarding Foreign Influence at American Universities Ex. Ord. No. 14282, Apr. 23, 2025, 90 F.R. 17541, provided: By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered: Section 1. Purpose and Policy. Section 117 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, 20 U.S.C. 1011f, requires institutions of higher education to report significant sources of foreign funding. But, because section 117 has not been robustly enforced, the true amounts, sources, and purposes of foreign money flowing to American campuses are unknown. From 2010 to 2016, according to one study, universities failed to disclose more than half of reportable foreign gifts. Even when foreign funding is reported, its true sources are often hidden. Protecting American educational, cultural, and national security interests requires transparency regarding foreign funds flowing to American higher education and research institutions. During my first term, the Department of Education opened investigations on 19 campuses from 2019–2021, which led universities to report $6.5 billion in previously undisclosed foreign funds. Yet the prior administration undid this work, moving the Department of Education’s specialized investigatory work on foreign funds to a unit ill-equipped to perform it, undermining investigations, and hindering public access to information on foreign gifts and contracts. It is the policy of my Administration to end the secrecy surrounding foreign funds in American educational institutions, protect the marketplace of ideas from propaganda sponsored by foreign governments, and safeguard America’s students and research from foreign exploitation. Sec. 2. Robust Enforcement to Prevent Harm to American Interests. The Secretary of Education (Secretary) shall take all appropriate actions to enforce the requirements of section 1011f of title 20, United States Code, including by working with the Attorney General and the heads of other executive departments, agencies, and offices, where appropriate, to require complete and timely disclosure by higher education institutions of foreign funding. These actions shall include the following: (a) the Secretary shall take appropriate steps to reverse or rescind any actions by the prior administration that permit higher education institutions to maintain improper secrecy regarding their foreign funding; (b) the Secretary shall take appropriate steps to require universities to more specifically disclose details about foreign funding, including the true source and purpose of the funds; (c) the Secretary shall provide the American people with greater access to information about foreign funding to higher education institutions; and (d) the Secretary and the Attorney General shall hold accountable higher education institutions that fail to comply with the law concerning disclosure of foreign funding. In furtherance of this directive, the Secretary shall work with the heads of other executive departments, agencies, and offices, where appropriate, to conduct audits and investigations as appropriate and where necessary to ensure compliance with the law concerning disclosure of foreign funding and shall seek enforcement through appropriate action by the Attorney General. Sec. 3. Compliance by Federal Funding Recipients. The Secretary of Education and the heads of other appropriate executive departments and agencies shall take appropriate action, as consistent with applicable law, to prospectively ensure that certification of compliance by higher education institutions with 20 U.S.C. 1011f and any other applicable foreign funding disclosure requirements is material for purposes of 31 U.S.C. 3729 and for receipt of appropriate Federal grant funds, which shall not be provided in cases of noncompliance with 20 U.S.C. 1011f and any other applicable foreign funding disclosure requirements. Sec. 4. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect: (i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or (ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals. (b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations. (c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person. (d) If any provision of this order, or the application of any provision to any agency, person or circumstance, is held to be invalid, the remainder of this order and the application of its provisions to any other agencies, persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby. Donald J. Trump.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1011g.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1011g"
+description: "Application of peer review process"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1011g"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1011g"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1011g"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "8a86b75ab7431a93bdf9915ff58e6aea8ddd8b3f8a016b5ffee7bc6d5ab7f151"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "fd80d042d77905fcc91fe0a5b1bf537da953ba368fb0189d6e1bda4f16ada77b"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1011g - Application of peer review process
+
+## Text
+
+All applications submitted under the provisions of this chapter which require peer review shall be read by a panel of readers composed of individuals selected by the Secretary, which shall include outside readers who are not employees of the Federal Government. The Secretary shall ensure that no individual assigned under this section to review any application has any conflict of interest with regard to that application which might impair the impartiality with which that individual conducts the review under this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 118, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1595.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsProvisions similar to this section were contained in section 1145d–1 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–244. A prior section 1011g, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 128, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 464, related to reports and evaluation of programs, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1011h.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1011h"
+description: "Binge drinking on college campuses"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1011h"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1011h"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1011h"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "fda750499661ded0c1147761f5e051407402cc2c64e91a9126d50c5dd1a1df1e"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "dfb0537627bd9d6ebfb00fb3fa7dc0a763d7dfd1f428ad6c17d7226d6eea5079"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1011h - Binge drinking on college campuses
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Short title This section may be cited as the “Collegiate Initiative To Reduce Binge Drinking and Illegal Alcohol Consumption”.
+
+(b) Sense of Congress It is the sense of Congress that, in an effort to change the culture of alcohol consumption on college campuses, all institutions of higher education should carry out the following:
+
+(1) The president of the institution should appoint a task force consisting of school administrators, faculty, students, Greek system representatives, and others to conduct a full examination of student and academic life at the institution. The task force should make recommendations for a broad range of policy and program changes that would serve to reduce alcohol and other drug-related problems. The institution should provide resources to assist the task force in promoting the campus policies and proposed environmental changes that have been identified.
+
+(2) The institution should provide maximum opportunities for students to live in an alcohol-free environment and to engage in stimulating, alcohol-free recreational and leisure activities.
+
+(3) The institution should enforce a “zero tolerance” policy on the illegal consumption of alcohol by students at the institution.
+
+(4) The institution should vigorously enforce the institution’s code of disciplinary sanctions for those who violate campus alcohol policies. Students with alcohol or other drug-related problems should be referred for assistance, including on-campus counseling programs if appropriate.
+
+(5) The institution should adopt a policy to discourage alcoholic beverage-related sponsorship of on-campus activities. It should adopt policies limiting the advertisement and promotion of alcoholic beverages on campus.
+
+(6) The institution should work with the local community, including local businesses, in a “Town/Gown” alliance to encourage responsible policies toward alcohol consumption and to address illegal alcohol use by students.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 119, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1596.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1011h, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 129, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 465, authorized appropriations to carry out the articulation agreements grant program, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1011i.md

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1011i"
+description: "Drug and alcohol abuse prevention"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1011i"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1011i"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1011i"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "ea7c6064c85be47475c5bb8ae7bc75bd81ee19f4dbb11bb2b5c5b2213e0a80d9"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "9a45afa10c2f1d6be1006ddb8c26bdd0875bc2ee179c7667b45f09091e8cdbbd"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1011i - Drug and alcohol abuse prevention
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Restriction on eligibility Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no institution of higher education shall be eligible to receive funds or any other form of financial assistance under any Federal program, including participation in any federally funded or guaranteed student loan program, unless the institution certifies to the Secretary that the institution has adopted and has implemented a program to prevent the use of illicit drugs and the abuse of alcohol by students and employees that, at a minimum, includes—
+
+(1) the annual distribution to each student and employee of—
+
+(A) standards of conduct that clearly prohibit, at a minimum, the unlawful possession, use, or distribution of illicit drugs and alcohol by students and employees on the institution’s property or as part of any of the institution’s activities;
+
+(B) a description of the applicable legal sanctions under local, State, or Federal law for the unlawful possession or distribution of illicit drugs and alcohol;
+
+(C) a description of the health-risks associated with the use of illicit drugs and the abuse of alcohol;
+
+(D) a description of any drug or alcohol counseling, treatment, or rehabilitation or re-entry programs that are available to employees or students; and
+
+(E) a clear statement that the institution will impose sanctions on students and employees (consistent with local, State, and Federal law), and a description of those sanctions, up to and including expulsion or termination of employment and referral for prosecution, for violations of the standards of conduct required by subparagraph (A); and
+
+(2) a biennial review by the institution of the institution’s program to—
+
+(A) determine the program’s effectiveness and implement changes to the program if the changes are needed;
+
+(B) determine the number of drug and alcohol-related violations and fatalities that—
+
+(i) occur on the institution’s campus (as defined in section 1092(f)(6) of this title), or as part of any of the institution’s activities; and
+
+(ii) are reported to campus officials;
+
+(C) determine the number and type of sanctions described in paragraph (1)(E) that are imposed by the institution as a result of drug and alcohol-related violations and fatalities on the institution’s campus or as part of any of the institution’s activities; and
+
+(D) ensure that the sanctions required by paragraph (1)(E) are consistently enforced.
+
+(b) Information availability Each institution of higher education that provides the certification required by subsection (a) shall, upon request, make available to the Secretary and to the public a copy of each item required by subsection (a)(1) as well as the results of the biennial review required by subsection (a)(2).
+
+(c) Regulations (1) In general The Secretary shall publish regulations to implement and enforce the provisions of this section, including regulations that provide for—
+
+(A) the periodic review of a representative sample of programs required by subsection (a); and
+
+(B) a range of responses and sanctions for institutions of higher education that fail to implement their programs or to consistently enforce their sanctions, including information and technical assistance, the development of a compliance agreement, and the termination of any form of Federal financial assistance.
+
+(2) Rehabilitation program The sanctions required by subsection (a)(1)(E) may include the completion of an appropriate rehabilitation program.
+
+(d) Appeals Upon determination by the Secretary to terminate financial assistance to any institution of higher education under this section, the institution may file an appeal with an administrative law judge before the expiration of the 30-day period beginning on the date such institution is notified of the decision to terminate financial assistance under this section. Such judge shall hold a hearing with respect to such termination of assistance before the expiration of the 45-day period beginning on the date that such appeal is filed. Such judge may extend such 45-day period upon a motion by the institution concerned. The decision of the judge with respect to such termination shall be considered to be a final agency action.
+
+(e) Alcohol and drug abuse prevention grants (1) Program authority The Secretary may make grants to institutions of higher education or consortia of such institutions, and enter into contracts with such institutions, consortia, and other organizations, to develop, implement, operate, improve, and disseminate programs of prevention, and education (including treatment-referral) to reduce and eliminate the illegal use of drugs and alcohol and the violence associated with such use. Such grants or contracts may also be used for the support of a higher education center for alcohol and drug abuse prevention that will provide training, technical assistance, evaluation, dissemination, and associated services and assistance to the higher education community as determined by the Secretary and institutions of higher education.
+
+(2) Awards Grants and contracts shall be awarded under paragraph (1) on a competitive basis.
+
+(3) Applications An institution of higher education, a consortium of such institutions, or another organization that desires to receive a grant or contract under paragraph (1) shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing or accompanied by such information as the Secretary may reasonably require by regulation.
+
+(4) Additional requirements (A) Participation In awarding grants and contracts under this subsection the Secretary shall make every effort to ensure—
+
+(i) the equitable participation of private and public institutions of higher education (including community and junior colleges); and
+
+(ii) the equitable geographic participation of such institutions.
+
+(B) Consideration In awarding grants and contracts under this subsection the Secretary shall give appropriate consideration to institutions of higher education with limited enrollment.
+
+(5) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2009 and each of the five succeeding fiscal years.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 120, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1596; amended Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 107, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3093.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsProvisions similar to subsecs. (a) to (d) of this section were contained in section 1145g of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (a)(2)(B) to (D). Pub. L. 110–315, § 107(1), added subpars. (B) and (C) and redesignated former subpar. (B) as (D). Subsec. (e)(5). Pub. L. 110–315, § 107(2), substituted “such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2009 and each of the five succeeding fiscal years” for “$5,000,000 for fiscal year 1999 and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 4 succeeding fiscal years”. Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 110–315, § 107(3), struck out subsec. (f) which related to National Recognition Awards for outstanding alcohol and drug abuse prevention programs.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1011j.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1011j"
+description: "Prior rights and obligations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1011j"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1011j"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1011j"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "8e5a7dde04303e46f2bef8bc25f87239252c5f84112c6c3e9aa036adad3cc3fe"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "3ba91ef636f0182aa9806350e9194c4743e768c811ea7d2a025c7df8d88398c5"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1011j - Prior rights and obligations
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Authorization of appropriations (1) Pre-1987 parts C and D of subchapter VII There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2009 and for each succeeding fiscal year to pay obligations incurred prior to 1987 under parts C and D of subchapter VII, as such parts were in effect before the effective date of the Higher Education Amendments of 1992.
+
+(2) Post-1992 and pre-1998 part C of subchapter VII There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2009 and for each succeeding fiscal year to pay obligations incurred prior to October 7, 1998, under part C of subchapter VII, as such part was in effect during the period—
+
+(A) after the effective date of the Higher Education Amendments of 1992; and
+
+(B) prior to October 7, 1998.
+
+(b) Legal responsibilities (1) Pre-1987 subchapter VII All entities with continuing obligations incurred under parts A, B, C, and D of subchapter VII, as such parts were in effect before the effective date of the Higher Education Amendments of 1992, shall be subject to the requirements of such part as in effect before the effective date of the Higher Education Amendments of 1992.
+
+(2) Post-1992 and pre-1998 part C of subchapter VII All entities with continuing obligations incurred under part C of subchapter VII, as such part was in effect during the period—
+
+(A) after the effective date of the Higher Education Amendments of 1992; and
+
+(B) prior to October 7, 1998,
+
+shall be subject to the requirements of such part as such part was in effect during such period.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 121, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1601; amended Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 108, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3094.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextParts A, B, C, and D of subchapter VII, as such parts were in effect before the effective date of the Higher Education Amendments of 1992, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (b)(1), means parts A (§ 1132b et seq.), B (§ 1132c et seq.), C (§ 1132d et seq.), and D (§ 1132e et seq.) of subchapter VII of this chapter, as in effect before the effective date of Pub. L. 102–325. For effective date of Pub. L. 102–325, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as an Effective Date of 1992 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title. Pub. L. 102–325, title VII, §§ 703–707(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 738–753, amended subchapter VII of this chapter effective Oct. 1, 1992, by amending parts A to C generally, repealing part D, and redesignating former part E as D. Part C of subchapter VII, as such part was in effect during the period after the effective date of the Higher Education Amendments of 1992 and prior to October 7, 1998, referred to in subsecs. (a)(2) and (b)(2), probably means part C (§ 1132d et seq.) of subchapter VII of this chapter, as in effect during the period after the effective date of Pub. L. 102–325 and before it was amended by Pub. L. 105–244. For effective date of Pub. L. 102–325, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as an Effective Date of 1992 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title. Pub. L. 105–244, title VII, § 701, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1786, amended subchapter VII of this chapter generally, effective Oct. 1, 1998, omitting part C which related to loans for construction, reconstruction, and renovation of academic housing, and other educational facilities and adding a new part C (§ 1139 et seq.) relating to urban community service.
+
+Prior ProvisionsProvisions similar to this section were contained in section 1132a–1 of this title prior to the general amendment of subchapter VII of this chapter by Pub. L. 105–244. A prior section 121 of Pub. L. 89–329, title I, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title I, § 101, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1285, related to adult learning research and was classified to section 1016 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325.
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–315 substituted “2009 and for each succeeding fiscal year” for “1999 and for each of the 4 succeeding fiscal years” in pars. (1) and (2).

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1011k.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1011k"
+description: "Recovery of payments"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1011k"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1011k"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1011k"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "15a7b87036148622c0e89158beb17805126c87194bedb74d79c814c02107a2c3"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "c9fa28faaa4613024a820862fcb1ca9e16ed914aa9b4964b695564912cf1644a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1011k - Recovery of payments
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Public benefit Congress declares that, if a facility constructed with the aid of a grant under part A of subchapter VII as such part A was in effect prior to October 7, 1998, or part B of such subchapter as part B was in effect prior to July 23, 1992, is used as an academic facility for 20 years following completion of such construction, the public benefit accruing to the United States will equal in value the amount of the grant. The period of 20 years after completion of such construction shall therefore be deemed to be the period of Federal interest in such facility for the purposes of such subchapter as so in effect.
+
+(b) Recovery upon cessation of public benefit If, within 20 years after completion of construction of an academic facility which has been constructed, in part with a grant under part A of subchapter VII as such part A was in effect prior to October 7, 1998, or part B of subchapter VII as such part B was in effect prior to July 23, 1992—
+
+(1) the applicant under such parts as so in effect (or the applicant’s successor in title or possession) ceases or fails to be a public or nonprofit institution; or
+
+(2) the facility ceases to be used as an academic facility, or the facility is used as a facility excluded from the term “academic facility” (as such term was defined under subchapter VII, as so in effect), unless the Secretary determines that there is good cause for releasing the institution from its obligation,
+
+the United States shall be entitled to recover from such applicant (or successor) an amount which bears to the value of the facility at that time (or so much thereof as constituted an approved project or projects) the same ratio as the amount of Federal grant bore to the cost of the facility financed with the aid of such grant. The value shall be determined by agreement of the parties or by action brought in the United States district court for the district in which such facility is situated.
+
+(c) Prohibition on use for religion Notwithstanding the provisions of subsections (a) and (b), no project assisted with funds under subchapter VII (as in effect prior to October 7, 1998) shall ever be used for religious worship or a sectarian activity or for a school or department of divinity.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 122, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1601.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextSubchapter VII, referred to in text, was amended, effective Oct. 1, 1992, by Pub. L. 102–325, title VII, §§ 703–707(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 738–753, by amending parts A to C generally, repealing part D, and redesignating former part E as D, and was further amended generally, effective Oct. 1, 1998, by Pub. L. 105–244, title VII, § 701, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1786, by substituting provisions relating to graduate and post-secondary improvement programs for former provisions relating to construction, reconstruction, and renovation of academic facilities.
+
+Prior ProvisionsProvisions similar to this section were contained in section 1132i of this title prior to the general amendment of subchapter VII of this chapter by Pub. L. 105–244. A prior section 122 of Pub. L. 89–329, title I, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title I, § 101, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1286, limited funds authorized to be appropriated and was classified to section 1016a of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1011l.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1011l"
+description: "Diploma mills"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1011l"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1011l"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1011l"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "9fd033c96b0846ffe96c4ce85c9cdf2ee1389c099486f9ac76c681985fe1e98a"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "24a211137d10bbcf58cb48b4bbaaddf49a9e5a9b9a563166863cafcc2fddeda1"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1011l - Diploma mills
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Information to the public The Secretary shall maintain information and resources on the Department’s website to assist students, families, and employers in understanding what a diploma mill is and how to identify and avoid diploma mills.
+
+(b) Collaboration The Secretary shall continue to collaborate with the United States Postal Service, the Federal Trade Commission, the Department of Justice (including the Federal Bureau of Investigation), the Internal Revenue Service, and the Office of Personnel Management to maximize Federal efforts to—
+
+(1) prevent, identify, and prosecute diploma mills; and
+
+(2) broadly disseminate to the public information about diploma mills, and resources to identify diploma mills.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 123, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 109, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3094.)

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1011m.md

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1011m"
+description: "Certification regarding the use of certain Federal funds"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1011m"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1011m"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1011m"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "b3a10a42eb53b19b67e1e1ed146d73485e2552135c0a3ddba753681e81c69d6d"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "aa3fee8105c78770763224acfc5d1d24210cf42450bf35698dd5fc1d794b8a81"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1011m - Certification regarding the use of certain Federal funds
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Prohibition No Federal funds received under the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.) by an institution of higher education or other postsecondary educational institution may be used to pay any person for influencing or attempting to influence an officer or employee of any agency, a Member of Congress, an officer or employee of Congress, or an employee of a Member of Congress in connection with any Federal action described in subsection (b).
+
+(b) Applicability The prohibition in subsection (a) applies with respect to the following Federal actions:
+
+(1) The awarding of any Federal contract.
+
+(2) The making of any Federal grant.
+
+(3) The making of any Federal loan.
+
+(4) The entering into of any Federal cooperative agreement.
+
+(5) The extension, continuation, renewal, amendment, or modification of any Federal contract, grant, loan, or cooperative agreement.
+
+(c) Lobbying and earmarks No Federal student aid funding under the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.) may be used to hire a registered lobbyist or pay any person or entity for securing an earmark.
+
+(d) Certification Each institution of higher education or other postsecondary educational institution receiving Federal funding under the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.), as a condition for receiving such funding, shall annually certify to the Secretary of Education that the requirements of subsections (a) through (c) have been met.
+
+(e) Actions to implement and enforce The Secretary of Education shall take such actions as are necessary to ensure that the provisions of this section are implemented and enforced.
+
+(Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 119, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3117.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Higher Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsecs. (a), (c), and (d), is Pub. L. 89–329, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1219, which is classified generally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1001 of this title and Tables.
+
+Codification Section was enacted as part of the Higher Education Opportunity Act, and not as part of the Higher Education Act of 1965 which comprises this chapter.
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1012, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 112, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title I, § 101, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1282, related to establishment of off-campus program grants, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325. Another prior section 1012, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 112, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1377, provided for State allotments including percentage breakdown and cases of States not conducting comprehensive statewide planning, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. A prior section 1013, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 113, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title I, § 101, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1284, related to adult and continuing education staff development, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325. Another prior section 1013, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 113, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1378; amended Pub. L. 97–300, title I, § 183, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1357; Pub. L. 98–524, § 4(c)(1), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2488, related to comprehensive statewide planning with respect to education outreach programs, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. A prior section 1014, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 114, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title I, § 101, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1285, related to administration of programs by Secretary, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325. Another prior section 1014, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 114, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1379; amended Pub. L. 97–300, title I, § 183, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1357; Pub. L. 98–524, § 4(c)(2), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2488, related to information services, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1015.md

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1015"
+description: "Improvements in market information and public accountability in higher education"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1015"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1015"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1015"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "6188fb900025dca6661bdb0401db85a13482f840b4d5ea421d704a64f7c43973"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "34c03b92b001b0d06f76f230104b971a4b59068de8076950e8ad26c88be4a86d"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1015 - Improvements in market information and public accountability in higher education
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Improved data collection (1) Development of uniform methodology The Secretary shall direct the Commissioner of Education Statistics to convene a series of forums to develop nationally consistent methodologies for reporting costs incurred by postsecondary institutions in providing postsecondary education.
+
+(2) Redesign of data systems On the basis of the methodologies developed pursuant to paragraph (1), the Secretary shall redesign relevant parts of the postsecondary education data systems to improve the usefulness and timeliness of the data collected by such systems.
+
+(3) Information to institutions The Commissioner of Education Statistics shall—
+
+(A) develop a standard definition for the following data elements:
+
+(i) tuition and fees for a full-time undergraduate student;
+
+(ii) cost of attendance for a full-time undergraduate student, consistent with the provisions of section 1087ll of this title;
+
+(iii) average amount of financial assistance received by an undergraduate student who attends an institution of higher education, including—
+
+(I) each type of assistance or benefit described in section 1078(a)(2)(C)(ii) of this title;
+
+(II) fellowships; and
+
+(III) institutional and other assistance; and
+
+(iv) number of students receiving financial assistance described in each of subclauses (I), (II), and (III) of clause (iii);
+
+(B) not later than 90 days after October 7, 1998, report the definitions to each institution of higher education and within a reasonable period of time thereafter inform the authorizing committees of those definitions; and
+
+(C) collect information regarding the data elements described in subparagraph (A) with respect to at least all institutions of higher education participating in programs under subchapter IV, beginning with the information from academic year 2000–2001 and annually thereafter.
+
+(b) Data dissemination The Secretary shall make available the data collected pursuant to subsection (a). Such data shall be available in a form that permits the review and comparison of the data submissions of individual institutions of higher education. Such data shall be presented in a form that is easily understandable and allows parents and students to make informed decisions based on the costs for typical full-time undergraduate students.
+
+(c) Study (1) In general The Commissioner of Education Statistics shall conduct a national study of expenditures at institutions of higher education. Such study shall include information with respect to—
+
+(A) the change in tuition and fees compared with the consumer price index and other appropriate measures of inflation;
+
+(B) faculty salaries and benefits;
+
+(C) administrative salaries, benefits and expenses;
+
+(D) academic support services;
+
+(E) research;
+
+(F) operations and maintenance; and
+
+(G) institutional expenditures for construction and technology and the potential cost of replacing instructional buildings and equipment.
+
+(2) Evaluation The study shall include an evaluation of—
+
+(A) changes over time in the expenditures identified in paragraph (1);
+
+(B) the relationship of the expenditures identified in paragraph (1) to college costs; and
+
+(C) the extent to which increases in institutional financial aid and tuition discounting practices affect tuition increases, including the demographics of students receiving such discounts, the extent to which financial aid is provided to students with limited need in order to attract a student to a particular institution, and the extent to which Federal financial aid, including loan aid, has been used to offset the costs of such practices.
+
+(3) Final report The Commissioner of Education Statistics shall submit a report regarding the findings of the study required by paragraph (1) to the appropriate committees of Congress not later than September 30, 2002.
+
+(4) Higher education market basket The Bureau of Labor Statistics, in consultation with the Commissioner of Education Statistics, shall develop a higher education market basket that identifies the items that comprise the costs of higher education. The Bureau of Labor Statistics shall provide a report on the market basket to the Committee on Labor and Human Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives not later than September 30, 2002.
+
+(5) Fines In addition to actions authorized in section 1094(c) of this title, the Secretary may impose a fine in an amount not to exceed $25,000 on an institution of higher education for failing to provide the information described in paragraph (1) in a timely and accurate manner, or for failing to otherwise cooperate with the National Center for Education Statistics regarding efforts to obtain data on the cost of higher education under this section and pursuant to the program participation agreement entered into under section 1094 of this title.
+
+(d) Promotion of the Department of Education Federal student financial aid website The Secretary shall display a link to the Federal student financial aid website of the Department in a prominent place on the homepage of the Department’s website.
+
+(e) Enhanced student financial aid information (1) Implementation The Secretary shall continue to improve the usefulness and accessibility of the information provided by the Department on college planning and student financial aid.
+
+(2) Dissemination The Secretary shall continue to make the availability of the information on the Federal student financial aid website of the Department widely known, through a major media campaign and other forms of communication.
+
+(3) Coordination As a part of the efforts required under this subsection, the Secretary shall create one website accessible from the Department’s website that fulfills the requirements under subsections (b), (f), and (g).
+
+(f) Improved availability and coordination of information concerning student financial aid programs for military members and veterans (1) Coordination The Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, shall create a searchable website that—
+
+(A) contains information, in simple and understandable terms, about all Federal and State student financial assistance, readmission requirements under section 1091c of this title, and other student services, for which members of the Armed Forces (including members of the National Guard and Reserves), veterans, and the dependents of such members or veterans may be eligible; and
+
+(B) is easily accessible through the website described in subsection (e)(3).
+
+(2) Implementation Not later than one year after August 14, 2008, the Secretary shall make publicly available the Armed Forces information website described in paragraph (1).
+
+(3) Dissemination The Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, shall make the availability of the Armed Forces information website described in paragraph (1) widely known to members of the Armed Forces (including members of the National Guard and Reserves), veterans, the dependents of such members or veterans, States, institutions of higher education, and the general public.
+
+(4) Definition In this subsection, the term “Federal and State student financial assistance” means any grant, loan, work assistance, tuition assistance, scholarship, fellowship, or other form of financial aid for pursuing a postsecondary education that is—
+
+(A) administered, sponsored, or supported by the Department of Education, the Department of Defense, the Department of Veterans Affairs, or a State; and
+
+(B) available to members of the Armed Forces (including members of the National Guard and Reserves), veterans, or the dependents of such members or veterans.
+
+(g) Promotion of availability of information concerning other student financial aid programs (1) Definition For purposes of this subsection, the term “nondepartmental student financial assistance program” means any grant, loan, scholarship, fellowship, or other form of financial aid for students pursuing a postsecondary education that is—
+
+(A) distributed directly to the student or to the student’s account at an institution of higher education; and
+
+(B) operated, sponsored, or supported by a Federal department or agency other than the Department of Education.
+
+(2) Availability of other student financial aid information The Secretary shall ensure that—
+
+(A) not later than 90 days after the Secretary receives the information required under paragraph (3), the eligibility requirements, application procedures, financial terms and conditions, and other relevant information for each nondepartmental student financial assistance program are searchable and accessible through the Federal student financial aid website in a manner that is simple and understandable for students and the students’ families; and
+
+(B) the website displaying the information described in subparagraph (A) includes a link to the National Database on Financial Assistance for the Study of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics pursuant to paragraph (4), and the information on military benefits under subsection (f), once such Database and information are available.
+
+(3) Nondepartmental student financial assistance programs The Secretary shall request all Federal departments and agencies to provide the information described in paragraph (2)(A), and each Federal department or agency shall—
+
+(A) promptly respond to surveys or other requests from the Secretary for the information described in such paragraph; and
+
+(B) identify for the Secretary any nondepartmental student financial assistance program operated, sponsored, or supported by such Federal department or agency.
+
+(4) National STEM Database (A) In general The Secretary shall establish and maintain, on the website described in subsection (e)(3), a National Database on Financial Assistance for the Study of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (in this paragraph referred to as the “STEM Database”). The STEM Database shall consist of information on scholarships, fellowships, and other programs of Federal, State, local, and, to the maximum extent practicable, private financial assistance available for the study of science, technology, engineering, or mathematics at the postsecondary and postbaccalaureate levels.
+
+(B) Database contents The information maintained on the STEM Database shall be displayed on the website in the following manner:
+
+(i) Separate information The STEM Database shall provide separate information for each of the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, and for postsecondary and postbaccalaureate programs of financial assistance.
+
+(ii) Information on targeted assistance The STEM Database shall provide specific information on any program of financial assistance that is targeted to individuals based on financial need, merit, or student characteristics.
+
+(iii) Contact and website information The STEM Database shall provide—
+
+(I) standard contact information that an interested person may use to contact a sponsor of any program of financial assistance included in the STEM Database; and
+
+(II) if such sponsor maintains a public website, a link to the website.
+
+(iv) Search and match capabilities The STEM Database shall—
+
+(I) have a search capability that permits an individual to search for information on the basis of each category of the information provided through the STEM Database and on the basis of combinations of categories of the information provided, including—
+
+(aa) whether the financial assistance is need- or merit-based; and
+
+(bb) by relevant academic majors; and
+
+(II) have a match capability that—
+
+(aa) searches the STEM Database for all financial assistance opportunities for which an individual may be qualified to apply, based on the student characteristics provided by such individual; and
+
+(bb) provides information to an individual for only those opportunities for which such individual is qualified, based on the student characteristics provided by such individual.
+
+(v) Recommendation and disclaimer The STEM Database shall provide, to the users of the STEM Database—
+
+(I) a recommendation that students and families should carefully review all of the application requirements prior to applying for any aid or program of student financial assistance; and
+
+(II) a disclaimer that the non-Federal programs of student financial assistance presented in the STEM Database are not provided or endorsed by the Department or the Federal Government.
+
+(C) Compilation of financial assistance information In carrying out this paragraph, the Secretary shall—
+
+(i) consult with public and private sources of scholarships, fellowships, and other programs of student financial assistance; and
+
+(ii) make easily available a process for such entities to provide regular and updated information about the scholarships, fellowships, or other programs of student financial assistance.
+
+(D) Contract authorized In carrying out the requirements of this paragraph, the Secretary is authorized to enter into a contract with a private entity with demonstrated expertise in creating and maintaining databases such as the one required under this paragraph, under which contract the entity shall furnish, and regularly update, all of the information required to be maintained on the STEM Database.
+
+(5) Dissemination of information The Secretary shall take such actions, on an ongoing basis, as may be necessary to disseminate information under this subsection and to encourage the use of the information by interested parties, including sending notices to secondary schools and institutions of higher education.
+
+(h) No user fees for Department financial aid websites No fee shall be charged to any individual to access—
+
+(1) a database or website of the Department that provides information about higher education programs or student financial assistance, including the College Navigator website (or successor website) and the websites and databases described in this section and section 1015a of this title; or
+
+(2) information about higher education programs or student financial assistance available through a database or website of the Department.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 131, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1602; amended Pub. L. 110–315, title I, §§ 103(b)(1), 110, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3088, 3094; Pub. L. 111–39, title I, § 101(b)(3), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1935.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1015, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 131, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 465, authorized grants to eligible partnerships for education telecommunications activities, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244. Another prior section 1015, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 115, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title I, § 101, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1285, authorized appropriations for former part A of this subchapter, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325. Another prior section 1015, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 115, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1380, related to continuing education, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. Another prior section 1015, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 131, as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 101(g)(3), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2086, set out the Congressional findings with regard to the lifelong learning program, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374. A prior section 131 of Pub. L. 89–329, title I, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title I, § 101, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1286, related to National Advisory Council on Continuing Education and was classified to section 1017 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325.
+
+Amendments2009—Subsec. (a)(3)(A)(iii)(I). Pub. L. 111–39 substituted “section 1078(a)(2)(C)(ii)” for “section 1078(a)(2)(C)(i)”. 2008—Subsec. (a)(3)(B). Pub. L. 110–315, § 103(b)(1), substituted “authorizing committees” for “Committee on Labor and Human Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives”. Subsecs. (d), (e). Pub. L. 110–315, § 110(a), added subsecs. (d) and (e) and struck out former subsec. (d), which required the Secretary to survey student aid recipients on a regular cycle, but not less than once every 3 years. Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 110–315, § 110(b), added subsecs. (f) and (g). Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 110–315, § 110(c), added subsec. (h).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Change of Name Committee on Labor and Human Resources of Senate changed to Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of Senate by Senate Resolution No. 20, One Hundred Sixth Congress, Jan. 19, 1999.
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Student-Related Debt Study RequiredPub. L. 105–244, title VIII, § 803, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1805, which required the Secretary of Education to conduct a study to analyze the distribution and increase in student-related debt, submit a report to congressional committees, and include certain information as part of the comparative information provided to families about the costs of higher education, was repealed by Pub. L. 110–315, title IX, § 931(1), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3456.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1015a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1015a"
+description: "Transparency in college tuition for consumers"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1015a"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1015a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1015a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "ff7c798b6d37470901685f7f232e5afbe213ac75d27a2529ef624c925126fa13"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "a95df39bd814c6ec01db7fd7bcb57bd8bc7fe0686b7c77f5519a5c81e13beaf0"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1015a - Transparency in college tuition for consumers
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Definitions In this section:
+
+(1) College Navigator website The term “College Navigator website” means the College Navigator website operated by the Department and includes any successor website.
+
+(2) Cost of attendance The term “cost of attendance” means the average annual cost of tuition and fees, room and board, books, supplies, and transportation for an institution of higher education for a first-time, full-time undergraduate student enrolled in the institution.
+
+(3) Net price The term “net price” means the average yearly price actually charged to first-time, full-time undergraduate students receiving student aid at an institution of higher education after deducting such aid, which shall be determined by calculating the difference between—
+
+(A) the institution’s cost of attendance for the year for which the determination is made; and
+
+(B) the quotient of—
+
+(i) the total amount of need-based grant aid and merit-based grant aid, from Federal, State, and institutional sources, provided to such students enrolled in the institution for such year; and
+
+(ii) the total number of such students receiving such need-based grant aid or merit-based grant aid for such year.
+
+(4) Tuition and fees The term “tuition and fees” means the average annual cost of tuition and fees for an institution of higher education for first-time, full-time undergraduate students enrolled in the institution.
+
+(b) Calculations for public institutions In making the calculations regarding cost of attendance, net price, and tuition and fees under this section with respect to a public institution of higher education, the Secretary shall calculate the cost of attendance, net price, and tuition and fees at such institution in the manner described in subsection (a), except that—
+
+(1) the cost of attendance, net price, and tuition and fees shall be calculated for first-time, full-time undergraduate students enrolled in the institution who are residents of the State in which such institution is located; and
+
+(2) in determining the net price, the average need-based grant aid and merit-based grant aid described in subsection (a)(3)(B) shall be calculated based on the average total amount of such aid received by first-time, full-time undergraduate students who are residents of the State in which such institution is located, divided by the total number of such resident students receiving such need-based grant aid or merit-based grant aid at such institution.
+
+(c) College affordability and transparency lists (1) Availability of lists Beginning July 1, 2011, the Secretary shall make publicly available on the College Navigator website, in a manner that is sortable and searchable by State, the following:
+
+(A) A list of the five percent of institutions in each category described in subsection (d) that have the highest tuition and fees for the most recent academic year for which data are available.
+
+(B) A list of the five percent of institutions in each such category that have the highest net price for the most recent academic year for which data are available.
+
+(C) A list of the five percent of institutions in each such category that have the largest increase, expressed as a percentage change, in tuition and fees over the most recent three academic years for which data are available, using the first academic year of the three-year period as the base year to compute such percentage change.
+
+(D) A list of the five percent of institutions in each such category that have the largest increase, expressed as a percentage change, in net price over the most recent three academic years for which data are available, using the first academic year of the three-year period as the base year to compute such percentage change.
+
+(E) A list of the ten percent of institutions in each such category that have the lowest tuition and fees for the most recent academic year for which data are available.
+
+(F) A list of the ten percent of institutions in each such category that have the lowest net price for the most recent academic year for which data are available.
+
+(2) Annual updates The Secretary shall annually update the lists described in paragraph (1) on the College Navigator website.
+
+(d) Categories of institutions The lists described in subsection (c)(1) shall be compiled according to the following categories of institutions that participate in programs under subchapter IV:
+
+(1) Four-year public institutions of higher education.
+
+(2) Four-year private, nonprofit institutions of higher education.
+
+(3) Four-year private, for-profit institutions of higher education.
+
+(4) Two-year public institutions of higher education.
+
+(5) Two-year private, nonprofit institutions of higher education.
+
+(6) Two-year private, for-profit institutions of higher education.
+
+(7) Less than two-year public institutions of higher education.
+
+(8) Less than two-year private, nonprofit institutions of higher education.
+
+(9) Less than two-year private, for-profit institutions of higher education.
+
+(e) Reports by institutions (1) Report to Secretary If an institution of higher education is included on a list described in subparagraph (C) or (D) of subsection (c)(1), the institution shall submit to the Secretary a report containing the following information:
+
+(A) A description of the major areas in the institution’s budget with the greatest cost increases.
+
+(B) An explanation of the cost increases described in subparagraph (A).
+
+(C) A description of the steps the institution will take toward the goal of reducing costs in the areas described in subparagraph (A).
+
+(D) In the case of an institution that is included on the same list under subparagraph (C) or (D) of subsection (c)(1) for two or more consecutive years, a description of the progress made on the steps described in subparagraph (C) of this paragraph that were included in the institution’s report for the previous year.
+
+(E) If the determination of any cost increase described in subparagraph (A) is not within the exclusive control of the institution—
+
+(i) an explanation of the extent to which the institution participates in determining such cost increase;
+
+(ii) the identification of the agency or instrumentality of State government responsible for determining such cost increase; and
+
+(iii) any other information the institution considers relevant to the report.
+
+(2) Information to the public The Secretary shall—
+
+(A) issue an annual report that summarizes all of the reports by institutions required under paragraph (1) to the authorizing committees; and
+
+(B) publish such report on the College Navigator website.
+
+(f) Exemptions (1) In general An institution shall not be placed on a list described in subparagraph (C) or (D) of subsection (c)(1), and shall not be subject to the reporting required under subsection (e), if the dollar amount of the institution’s increase in tuition and fees, or net price, as applicable, is less than $600 for the three-year period described in such subparagraph.
+
+(2) Update Beginning in 2014, and every three years thereafter, the Secretary shall update the dollar amount described in paragraph (1) based on annual increases in inflation, using the Consumer Price Index for each of the three most recent preceding years.
+
+(g) State higher education spending chart The Secretary shall annually report on the College Navigator website, in charts for each State, comparisons of—
+
+(1) the percentage change in spending by such State per full-time equivalent student at all public institutions of higher education in such State, for each of the five most recent preceding academic years;
+
+(2) the percentage change in tuition and fees for such students for all public institutions of higher education in such State for each of the five most recent preceding academic years; and
+
+(3) the percentage change in the total amount of need-based aid and merit-based aid provided by such State to full-time students enrolled in the public institutions of higher education in the State for each of the five most recent preceding academic years.
+
+(h) Net price calculator (1) Development of net price calculator Not later than one year after August 14, 2008, the Secretary shall, in consultation with institutions of higher education and other appropriate experts, develop a net price calculator to help current and prospective students, families, and other consumers estimate the individual net price of an institution of higher education for a student. The calculator shall be developed in a manner that enables current and prospective students, families, and consumers to determine an estimate of a current or prospective student’s individual net price at a particular institution.
+
+(2) Calculation of individual net price For purposes of this subsection, an individual net price of an institution of higher education shall be calculated in the same manner as the net price of such institution is calculated under subsection (a)(3), except that the cost of attendance and the amount of need-based and merit-based aid available shall be calculated for the individual student as much as practicable.
+
+(3) Use of net price calculator by institutions Not later than two years after the date on which the Secretary makes the calculator developed under paragraph (1) available to institutions of higher education, each institution of higher education that receives Federal funds under subchapter IV shall make publicly available on the institution’s website a net price calculator to help current and prospective students, families, and other consumers estimate a student’s individual net price at such institution of higher education. Such calculator may be a net price calculator developed—
+
+(A) by the Department pursuant to paragraph (1); or
+
+(B) by the institution of higher education, if the institution’s calculator includes, at a minimum, the same data elements included in the calculator developed under paragraph (1).
+
+(4) Disclaimer Estimates of an individual net price determined using a net price calculator required under paragraph (3) shall be accompanied by a clear and conspicuous notice—
+
+(A) stating that the estimate—
+
+(i) does not represent a final determination, or actual award, of financial assistance;
+
+(ii) shall not be binding on the Secretary, the institution of higher education, or the State; and
+
+(iii) may change;
+
+(B) stating that the student must complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid described in section 1090 of this title in order to be eligible for, and receive, an actual financial aid award that includes Federal grant, loan, or work-study assistance under subchapter IV; and
+
+(C) including a link to the website of the Department that allows students to access the Free Application for Federal Student Aid described in section 1090 of this title.
+
+(i) Consumer information (1) Availability of subchapter IV institution information Not later than one year after August 14, 2008, the Secretary shall make publicly available on the College Navigator website, in simple and understandable terms, the following information about each institution of higher education that participates in programs under subchapter IV, for the most recent academic year for which satisfactory data are available:
+
+(A) A statement of the institution’s mission.
+
+(B) The total number of undergraduate students who applied to, were admitted by, and enrolled in the institution.
+
+(C) For institutions that require SAT or ACT scores to be submitted, the reading, writing, mathematics, and combined scores on the SAT or ACT, as applicable, for the middle 50 percent range of the institution’s freshman class.
+
+(D) The number of first-time, full-time, and part-time students enrolled at the institution, at the undergraduate and (if applicable) graduate levels.
+
+(E) The number of degree- or certificate-seeking undergraduate students enrolled at the institution who have transferred from another institution.
+
+(F) The percentages of male and female undergraduate students enrolled at the institution.
+
+(G) Of the first-time, full-time, degree- or certificate-seeking undergraduate students enrolled at the institution—
+
+(i) the percentage of such students who are from the State in which the institution is located;
+
+(ii) the percentage of such students who are from other States; and
+
+(iii) the percentage of such students who are international students.
+
+(H) The percentages of first-time, full-time, degree- or certificate-seeking students enrolled at the institution, disaggregated by race and ethnic background.
+
+(I) The percentage of undergraduate students enrolled at the institution who are formally registered with the office of disability services of the institution (or the equivalent office) as students with disabilities, except that if such percentage is three percent or less, the institution shall report “three percent or less”.
+
+(J) The percentages of first-time, full-time, degree- or certificate-seeking undergraduate students enrolled at the institution who obtain a degree or certificate within—
+
+(i) the normal time for completion of, or graduation from, the student’s program;
+
+(ii) 150 percent of the normal time for completion of, or graduation from, the student’s program; and
+
+(iii) 200 percent of the normal time for completion of, or graduation from, the student’s program;
+
+(K) The number of certificates, associate degrees, baccalaureate degrees, master’s degrees, professional degrees, and doctoral degrees awarded by the institution.
+
+(L) The undergraduate major areas of study at the institution with the highest number of degrees awarded.
+
+(M) The student-faculty ratio, the number of full-time and part-time faculty, and the number of graduate assistants with primarily instructional responsibilities, at the institution.
+
+(N) (i) The cost of attendance for first-time, full-time undergraduate students enrolled in the institution who live on campus;
+
+(ii) the cost of attendance for first-time, full-time undergraduate students enrolled in the institution who live off campus; and
+
+(iii) in the case of a public institution of higher education and notwithstanding subsection (b)(1), the costs described in clauses (i) and (ii), for—
+
+(I) first-time, full-time students enrolled in the institution who are residents of the State in which the institution is located; and
+
+(II) first-time, full-time students enrolled in the institution who are not residents of such State.
+
+(O) The average annual grant amount (including Federal, State, and institutional aid) awarded to a first-time, full-time undergraduate student enrolled at the institution who receives financial aid.
+
+(P) The average annual amount of Federal student loans provided through the institution to undergraduate students enrolled at the institution.
+
+(Q) The total annual grant aid awarded to undergraduate students enrolled at the institution, from the Federal Government, a State, the institution, and other sources known by the institution.
+
+(R) The percentage of first-time, full-time undergraduate students enrolled at the institution receiving Federal, State, and institutional grants, student loans, and any other type of student financial assistance known by the institution, provided publicly or through the institution, such as Federal work-study funds.
+
+(S) The number of students enrolled at the institution receiving Federal Pell Grants.
+
+(T) The institution’s cohort default rate, as defined under section 1085(m) of this title.
+
+(U) The information on campus safety required to be collected under section 1092(i) of this title.
+
+(V) A link to the institution’s website that provides, in an easily accessible manner, the following information:
+
+(i) Student activities offered by the institution.
+
+(ii) Services offered by the institution for individuals with disabilities.
+
+(iii) Career and placement services offered by the institution to students during and after enrollment.
+
+(iv) Policies of the institution related to transfer of credit from other institutions.
+
+(W) A link to the appropriate section of the Bureau of Labor Statistics website that provides information on regional data on starting salaries in all major occupations.
+
+(X) Information required to be submitted under paragraph (4) and a link to the institution pricing summary page described in paragraph (5).
+
+(Y) In the case of an institution that was required to submit a report under subsection (e)(1), a link to such report.
+
+(Z) The availability of alternative tuition plans, which may include guaranteed tuition plans.
+
+(2) Annual updates The Secretary shall annually update the information described in paragraph (1) on the College Navigator website.
+
+(3) Consultation The Secretary shall regularly consult with current and prospective college students, family members of such students, institutions of higher education, and other experts to improve the usefulness and relevance of the College Navigator website, with respect to the presentation of the consumer information collected in paragraph (1).
+
+(4) Data collection The Commissioner for Education Statistics shall continue to update and improve the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (referred to in this section as “IPEDS”), including the reporting of information by institutions and the timeliness of the data collected.
+
+(5) Institution pricing summary page (A) Availability of list of participating institutions The Secretary shall make publicly available on the College Navigator website in a sortable and searchable format a list of all institutions of higher education that participate in programs under subchapter IV, which list shall, for each institution, include the following:
+
+(i) The tuition and fees for each of the three most recent academic years for which data are available.
+
+(ii) The net price for each of the three most recent available academic years for which data are available.
+
+(iii) (I) During the period beginning July 1, 2010, and ending June 30, 2013, the net price for students receiving Federal student financial aid under subchapter IV, disaggregated by the income categories described in paragraph (6), for the most recent academic year for which data are available.
+
+(II) Beginning July 1, 2013, the net price for students receiving Federal student financial aid under subchapter IV, disaggregated by the income categories described in paragraph (6), for each of the three most recent academic years for which data are available.
+
+(iv) The average annual percentage change and average annual dollar change in such institution’s tuition and fees for each of the three most recent academic years for which data are available.
+
+(v) The average annual percentage change and average annual dollar change in such institution’s net price for each of the three most recent preceding academic years for which data are available.
+
+(vi) A link to the webpage on the College Navigator website that provides the information described in paragraph (1) for the institution.
+
+(B) Annual updates The Secretary shall annually update the lists described in subparagraph (A) on the College Navigator website.
+
+(6) Income categories (A) In general For purposes of reporting the information required under this subsection, the following income categories shall apply for students who receive Federal student financial aid under subchapter IV:
+
+(i) $0–30,000.
+
+(ii) $30,001–48,000.
+
+(iii) $48,001–75,000.
+
+(iv) $75,001–110,000.
+
+(v) $110,001 and more.
+
+(B) Adjustment The Secretary may adjust the income categories listed in subparagraph (A) using the Consumer Price Index if the Secretary determines such adjustment is necessary.
+
+(j) Multi-year tuition calculator (1) Development of multi-year tuition calculator Not later than one year after August 14, 2008, the Secretary shall, in consultation with institutions of higher education, financial planners, and other appropriate experts, develop a multi-year tuition calculator to help current and prospective students, families of such students, and other consumers estimate the amount of tuition an individual may pay to attend an institution of higher education in future years.
+
+(2) Calculation of multi-year tuition The multi-year tuition calculator described in paragraph (1) shall—
+
+(A) allow an individual to select an institution of higher education for which the calculation shall be made;
+
+(B) calculate an estimate of tuition and fees for each year of the normal duration of the program of study at such institution by—
+
+(i) using the tuition and fees for such institution, as reported under subsection (i)(5)(A)(i), for the most recent academic year for which such data are reported; and
+
+(ii) determining an estimated annual percentage change for each year for which the calculation is made, based on the annual percentage change in such institution’s tuition and fees, as reported under subsection (i)(5)(A)(iv), for the most recent three-year period for which such data are reported;
+
+(C) calculate an estimate of the total amount of tuition and fees to complete a program of study at such institution, based on the normal duration of such program, using the estimate calculated under subparagraph (B) for each year of the program of study;
+
+(D) provide the individual with the option to replace the estimated annual percentage change described in subparagraph (B)(ii) with an alternative annual percentage change specified by the individual, and calculate an estimate of tuition and fees for each year and an estimate of the total amount of tuition and fees using the alternative percentage change;
+
+(E) in the case of an institution that offers a multi-year tuition guarantee program, allow the individual to have the estimates of tuition and fees described in subparagraphs (B) and (C) calculated based on the provisions of such guarantee program for the tuition and fees charged to a student, or cohort of students, enrolled for the duration of the program of study; and
+
+(F) include any other features or information determined to be appropriate by the Secretary.
+
+(3) Availability and comparison The multi-year tuition calculator described in paragraph (1) shall be available on the College Navigator website and shall allow current and prospective students, families of such students, and consumers to compare information and estimates under this subsection for multiple institutions of higher education.
+
+(4) Disclaimer Each calculation of estimated tuition and fees made using the multi-year tuition calculator described in paragraph (1) shall be accompanied by a clear and conspicuous notice—
+
+(A) stating that the calculation—
+
+(i) is only an estimate and not a guarantee of the actual amount the student may be charged;
+
+(ii) is not binding on the Secretary, the institution of higher education, or the State; and
+
+(iii) may change, subject to the availability of financial assistance, State appropriations, and other factors;
+
+(B) stating that the student must complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid described in section 1090 of this title in order to be eligible for, and receive, an actual financial aid award that includes Federal grant, loan, or work-study assistance under subchapter IV; and
+
+(C) including a link to the website of the Department that allows students to access the Free Application for Federal Student Aid described in section 1090 of this title.
+
+(k) Student aid recipient survey (1) Survey required The Secretary, acting through the Commissioner for Education Statistics, shall conduct, on a State-by-State basis, a survey of recipients of Federal student financial aid under subchapter IV—
+
+(A) to identify the population of students receiving such Federal student financial aid;
+
+(B) to describe the income distribution and other socioeconomic characteristics of recipients of such Federal student financial aid;
+
+(C) to describe the combinations of aid from Federal, State, and private sources received by such recipients from all income categories;
+
+(D) to describe the—
+
+(i) debt burden of such loan recipients, and their capacity to repay their education debts; and
+
+(ii) the impact of such debt burden on the recipients’ course of study and post-graduation plans;
+
+(E) to describe the impact of the cost of attendance of postsecondary education in the determination by students of what institution of higher education to attend; and
+
+(F) to describe how the costs of textbooks and other instructional materials affect the costs of postsecondary education for students.
+
+(2) Frequency The survey shall be conducted on a regular cycle and not less often than once every four years.
+
+(3) Survey design The survey shall be representative of students from all types of institutions, including full-time and part-time students, undergraduate, graduate, and professional students, and current and former students.
+
+(4) Dissemination The Commissioner for Education Statistics shall disseminate to the public, in printed and electronic form, the information resulting from the survey.
+
+(l) Regulations The Secretary is authorized to issue such regulations as may be necessary to carry out this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 132, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 111, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3098.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1015a, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 132, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 465, related to grant applications, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244. Another prior section 1015a, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 132, as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 101(g)(3), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2087, set out scope of lifelong learning program, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1015b.md

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1015b"
+description: "Textbook information"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1015b"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1015b"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1015b"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "551e6b1a1fa97829637b2ea64236ad069602d9f47019fa712aec0b198353fdce"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "65de8198f2f2fac10e7e1e6e322569f64c94542c5901e61f3d6e70537b84e644"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1015b - Textbook information
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Purpose and intent The purpose of this section is to ensure that students have access to affordable course materials by decreasing costs to students and enhancing transparency and disclosure with respect to the selection, purchase, sale, and use of course materials. It is the intent of this section to encourage all of the involved parties, including faculty, students, administrators, institutions of higher education, bookstores, distributors, and publishers, to work together to identify ways to decrease the cost of college textbooks and supplemental materials for students while supporting the academic freedom of faculty members to select high quality course materials for students.
+
+(b) Definitions In this section:
+
+(1) Bundle The term “bundle” means one or more college textbooks or other supplemental materials that may be packaged together to be sold as course materials for one price.
+
+(2) College textbook The term “college textbook” means a textbook or a set of textbooks, used for, or in conjunction with, a course in postsecondary education at an institution of higher education.
+
+(3) Course schedule The term “course schedule” means a listing of the courses or classes offered by an institution of higher education for an academic period, as defined by the institution.
+
+(4) Custom textbook The term “custom textbook”—
+
+(A) means a college textbook that is compiled by a publisher at the direction of a faculty member or other person or adopting entity in charge of selecting course materials at an institution of higher education; and
+
+(B) may include, alone or in combination, items such as selections from original instructor materials, previously copyrighted publisher materials, copyrighted third-party works, and elements unique to a specific institution, such as commemorative editions.
+
+(5) Institution of higher education The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in section 1002 of this title.
+
+(6) Integrated textbook The term “integrated textbook” means a college textbook that is—
+
+(A) combined with materials developed by a third party and that, by third-party contractual agreement, may not be offered by publishers separately from the college textbook with which the materials are combined; or
+
+(B) combined with other materials that are so interrelated with the content of the college textbook that the separation of the college textbook from the other materials would render the college textbook unusable for its intended purpose.
+
+(7) Publisher The term “publisher” means a publisher of college textbooks or supplemental materials involved in or affecting interstate commerce.
+
+(8) Substantial content The term “substantial content” means parts of a college textbook such as new chapters, new material covering additional eras of time, new themes, or new subject matter.
+
+(9) Supplemental material The term “supplemental material” means educational material developed to accompany a college textbook that—
+
+(A) may include printed materials, computer disks, website access, and electronically distributed materials; and
+
+(B) is not being used as a component of an integrated textbook.
+
+(c) Publisher requirements (1) College textbook pricing information When a publisher provides a faculty member or other person or adopting entity in charge of selecting course materials at an institution of higher education receiving Federal financial assistance with information regarding a college textbook or supplemental material, the publisher shall include, with any such information and in writing (which may include electronic communications), the following:
+
+(A) The price at which the publisher would make the college textbook or supplemental material available to the bookstore on the campus of, or otherwise associated with, such institution of higher education and, if available, the price at which the publisher makes the college textbook or supplemental material available to the public.
+
+(B) The copyright dates of the three previous editions of such college textbook, if any.
+
+(C) A description of the substantial content revisions made between the current edition of the college textbook or supplemental material and the previous edition, if any.
+
+(D) (i) Whether the college textbook or supplemental material is available in any other format, including paperback and unbound; and
+
+(ii) for each other format of the college textbook or supplemental material, the price at which the publisher would make the college textbook or supplemental material in the other format available to the bookstore on the campus of, or otherwise associated with, such institution of higher education and, if available, the price at which the publisher makes such other format of the college textbook or supplemental material available to the public.
+
+(2) Unbundling of college textbooks from supplemental materials A publisher that sells a college textbook and any supplemental material accompanying such college textbook as a single bundle shall also make available the college textbook and each supplemental material as separate and unbundled items, each separately priced.
+
+(3) Custom textbooks To the maximum extent practicable, a publisher shall provide the information required under this subsection with respect to the development and provision of custom textbooks.
+
+(d) Provision of ISBN college textbook information in course schedules To the maximum extent practicable, each institution of higher education receiving Federal financial assistance shall—
+
+(1) disclose, on the institution’s Internet course schedule and in a manner of the institution’s choosing, the International Standard Book Number and retail price information of required and recommended college textbooks and supplemental materials for each course listed in the institution’s course schedule used for preregistration and registration purposes, except that—
+
+(A) if the International Standard Book Number is not available for such college textbook or supplemental material, then the institution shall include in the Internet course schedule the author, title, publisher, and copyright date for such college textbook or supplemental material; and
+
+(B) if the institution determines that the disclosure of the information described in this subsection is not practicable for a college textbook or supplemental material, then the institution shall so indicate by placing the designation “To Be Determined” in lieu of the information required under this subsection; and
+
+(2) if applicable, include on the institution’s written course schedule a notice that textbook information is available on the institution’s Internet course schedule, and the Internet address for such schedule.
+
+(e) Availability of information for college bookstores An institution of higher education receiving Federal financial assistance shall make available to a college bookstore that is operated by, or in a contractual relationship or otherwise affiliated with, the institution, as soon as is practicable upon the request of such college bookstore, the most accurate information available regarding—
+
+(1) the institution’s course schedule for the subsequent academic period; and
+
+(2) for each course or class offered by the institution for the subsequent academic period—
+
+(A) the information required by subsection (d)(1) for each college textbook or supplemental material required or recommended for such course or class;
+
+(B) the number of students enrolled in such course or class; and
+
+(C) the maximum student enrollment for such course or class.
+
+(f) Additional information An institution disclosing the information required by subsection (d)(1) is encouraged to disseminate to students information regarding—
+
+(1) available institutional programs for renting textbooks or for purchasing used textbooks;
+
+(2) available institutional guaranteed textbook buy-back programs;
+
+(3) available institutional alternative content delivery programs; or
+
+(4) other available institutional cost-saving strategies.
+
+(g) GAO report Not later than July 1, 2013, the Comptroller General of the United States shall report to the authorizing committees on the implementation of this section by institutions of higher education, college bookstores, and publishers. The report shall particularly examine—
+
+(1) the availability of college textbook information on course schedules;
+
+(2) the provision of pricing information to faculty of institutions of higher education by publishers;
+
+(3) the use of bundled and unbundled material in the college textbook marketplace, including the adoption of unbundled materials by faculty and the use of integrated textbooks by publishers; and
+
+(4) the implementation of this section by institutions of higher education, including the costs and benefits to such institutions and to students.
+
+(h) Rule of construction Nothing in this section shall be construed to supercede the institutional autonomy or academic freedom of instructors involved in the selection of college textbooks, supplemental materials, and other classroom materials.
+
+(i) No regulatory authority The Secretary shall not promulgate regulations with respect to this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 133, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 112(a), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3107.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1015b, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 133, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 466, related to activities for which grants could be used, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244. Another prior section 1015b, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 133, as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 101(g)(3), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2087; amended Pub. L. 95–43, § 1(a)(4), June 15, 1977, 91 Stat. 213, related to implementation of lifelong learning program by Assistant Secretary, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DatePub. L. 110–315, title I, § 112(b), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3110, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [enacting this section] shall take effect on July 1, 2010.”
+
+Establishment of Pilot Program for Course Material RentalPub. L. 110–315, title VIII, § 803, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3449, provided that: “(a) Pilot Grant Program.—From the amounts appropriated pursuant to subsection (e), the Secretary of Education (referred to in this section as the ‘Secretary’) shall make grants on a competitive basis to not more than ten institutions of higher education to support pilot programs that expand the services of bookstores to provide the option for students to rent course materials in order to achieve savings for students. “(b) Application.—An institution of higher education that desires to obtain a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such form, and containing or accompanied by such information, agreements, and assurances as the Secretary may reasonably require. “(c) Use of Funds.—The funds made available by a grant under this section may be used for—“(1) purchase of course materials that the entity will make available by rent to students; “(2) any equipment or software necessary for the conduct of a rental program; “(3) hiring staff needed for the conduct of a rental program, with priority given to hiring enrolled undergraduate students; and “(4) building or acquiring extra storage space dedicated to course materials for rent. “(d) Evaluation and Report.—“(1) Evaluations by recipients.—After a period of time to be determined by the Secretary, each institution of higher education that receives a grant under this section shall submit a report to the Secretary on the effectiveness of their rental programs in reducing textbook costs for students. “(2) Report to congress.—Not later than September 30, 2010, the Secretary shall submit a report to Congress on the effectiveness of the textbook rental pilot programs under this section, and identify the best practices developed in such pilot programs. Such report shall contain an estimate by the Secretary of the savings achieved by students who participate in such pilot programs. “(e) Authorization of Appropriations.—There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 2009 and 2010.”

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1015c.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1015c"
+description: "Database of student information prohibited"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1015c"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1015c"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1015c"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "cda2c8e90c59f3f89ef976eff7b72d00ff75d2af46529ca475668fceeb8a7b2b"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "17069fa227a596f30d038fb0d36cd1cb6573439b9989479ea95890c6ce3eb2da"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1015c - Database of student information prohibited
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Prohibition Except as described in subsection (b), nothing in this chapter shall be construed to authorize the development, implementation, or maintenance of a Federal database of personally identifiable information on individuals receiving assistance under this chapter, attending institutions receiving assistance under this chapter, or otherwise involved in any studies or other collections of data under this chapter, including a student unit record system, an education bar code system, or any other system that tracks individual students over time.
+
+(b) Exception The provisions of subsection (a) shall not apply to a system (or a successor system) that—
+
+(1) is necessary for the operation of programs authorized by subchapter II, IV, or VII; and
+
+(2) was in use by the Secretary, directly or through a contractor, as of the day before August 14, 2008.
+
+(c) State databases Nothing in this chapter shall prohibit a State or a consortium of States from developing, implementing, or maintaining State-developed databases that track individuals over time, including student unit record systems that contain information related to enrollment, attendance, graduation and retention rates, student financial assistance, and graduate employment outcomes.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 134, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 113, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3110.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1015c, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 134, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 466, defined “public broadcasting entity” for purposes of former part C of this subchapter, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244. Another prior section 1015c, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 134, as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 101(g)(3), Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2089, related to annual reports by Assistant Secretary and content of these reports, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1015d.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1015d"
+description: "In-State tuition rates for members of qualifying Federal service"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1015d"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1015d"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1015d"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "e0c87e8e88870e1b40cd4a0797ef6bb34299298431baa8d25bf1026295ac9977"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "919ca14d99f2092fdf34267c20689aeee8cce49d5181b2aff08e5fe8a3e7243f"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1015d - In-State tuition rates for members of qualifying Federal service
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Requirement In the case of a member of a qualifying Federal service whose domicile or permanent duty station is in a State that receives assistance under this chapter, such State shall not charge such member (or the spouse or dependent child of such member) tuition for attendance at a public institution of higher education in the State at a rate that is greater than the rate charged for residents of the State.
+
+(b) Continuation If a member of a qualifying Federal service (or the spouse or dependent child of a member) pays tuition at a public institution of higher education in a State at a rate determined by subsection (a), the provisions of subsection (a) shall continue to apply to such member, spouse, or dependent while continuously enrolled at that institution, notwithstanding a subsequent change in the permanent duty station of the member to a location outside the State.
+
+(c) Effective date This section shall take effect at each public institution of higher education in a State that receives assistance under this chapter for the first period of enrollment at such institution that begins after July 1, 2009.
+
+(d) Definitions In this section, the term “member of a qualifying Federal service” means—
+
+(1) a member of the armed forces (as defined in section 101 of title 10) who is on active duty for a period of more than 30 days (as defined in section 101 of title 10);
+
+(2) a member of the Foreign Service (as defined in section 3903 of title 22) who is on active duty for a period of more than 30 days; or
+
+(3) an officer or employee of an element of the intelligence community (as such term is defined in section 3003 of title 50) who serves in a position of employment in such element for a period of more than 30 days.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 135, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 114, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3111; amended Pub. L. 117–81, div. F, title LXII, § 6206(a), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2392; Pub. L. 118–31, div. G, title III, § 7316(a), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 1032.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1015d, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 135, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title I, § 101, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 466, required grant recipients to submit reports, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Amendments2023—Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 118–31 added par. (3). 2021—Pub. L. 117–81, § 6206(a)(1), substituted “qualifying Federal service” for “the armed forces on active duty, spouses, and dependent children” in section catchline. Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117–81, § 6206(a)(2), substituted “member of a qualifying Federal service” for “member of the armed forces who is on active duty for a period of more than 30 days and”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 117–81, § 6206(a)(3), substituted “member of a qualifying Federal service” for “member of the armed forces”. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 117–81, § 6206(a)(4), added subsec. (d) and struck out former subsec. (d). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “In this section, the terms ‘armed forces’ and ‘active duty for a period of more than 30 days’ have the meanings given those terms in section 101 of title 10.”
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2023 AmendmentPub. L. 118–31, div. G, title III, § 7316(b), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 1033, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect at each public institution of higher education in a State that receives assistance under the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.) for the first period of enrollment at such institution that begins after July 1, 2024.”
+
+Effective Date of 2021 AmendmentPub. L. 117–81, div. F, title LXII, § 6206(b), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2392, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect at each public institution of higher education in a State that receives assistance under the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.) for the first period of enrollment at such institution that begins after July 1, 2024.”

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1015e.md

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1015e"
+description: "State higher education information system pilot program"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1015e"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1015e"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1015e"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "9f6b47b2150f28790a8f5edff0f03f6cdf0b02a7d7a39664ef0aa3a870681d59"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "6a0bbe4e3d4fb98ae16c4fbcb84158b45849a319520319e1b6bdfda5455cb9a0"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1015e - State higher education information system pilot program
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Purpose It is the purpose of this section to carry out a pilot program to assist not more than five States to develop State-level postsecondary student data systems to—
+
+(1) improve the capacity of States and institutions of higher education to generate more comprehensive and comparable data, in order to develop better-informed educational policy at the State level and to evaluate the effectiveness of institutional performance while protecting the confidentiality of students’ personally identifiable information; and
+
+(2) identify how to best minimize the data-reporting burden placed on institutions of higher education, particularly smaller institutions, and to maximize and improve the information institutions receive from the data systems, in order to assist institutions in improving educational practice and postsecondary outcomes.
+
+(b) Definition of eligible entity In this section, the term “eligible entity” means—
+
+(1) a State higher education system; or
+
+(2) a consortium of State higher education systems, or a consortium of individual institutions of higher education, that is broadly representative of institutions in different sectors and geographic locations.
+
+(c) Competitive grants (1) Grants authorized The Secretary shall award grants, on a competitive basis, to not more than five eligible entities to enable the eligible entities to—
+
+(A) design, test, and implement systems of postsecondary student data that provide the maximum benefits to States, institutions of higher education, and State policymakers; and
+
+(B) examine the costs and burdens involved in implementing a State-level postsecondary student data system.
+
+(2) Duration A grant awarded under this section shall be for a period of not more than three years.
+
+(d) Application requirements An eligible entity desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may reasonably require, including a description of—
+
+(1) how the eligible entity will ensure that student privacy is protected and that individually identifiable information about students, the students’ achievements, and the students’ families remains confidential in accordance with section 1232g of this title (commonly known as the “Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974”); and
+
+(2) how the activities funded by the grant will be supported after the three-year grant period.
+
+(e) Use of funds A grant awarded under this section shall be used to—
+
+(1) design, develop, and implement the components of a comprehensive postsecondary student data system with the capacity to transmit student information within a State;
+
+(2) improve the capacity of institutions of higher education to analyze and use student data;
+
+(3) select and define common data elements, data quality, and other elements that will enable the data system to—
+
+(A) serve the needs of institutions of higher education for institutional research and improvement;
+
+(B) provide students and the students’ families with useful information for decision-making about postsecondary education; and
+
+(C) provide State policymakers with improved information to monitor and guide efforts to improve student outcomes and success in higher education;
+
+(4) estimate costs and burdens at the institutional level for the reporting system for different types of institutions; and
+
+(5) test the feasibility of protocols and standards for maintaining data privacy and data access.
+
+(f) Evaluation; reports Not later than six months after the end of the projects funded by grants awarded under this section, the Secretary shall—
+
+(1) conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the pilot program authorized by this section; and
+
+(2) report the Secretary’s findings, as well as recommendations regarding the implementation of State-level postsecondary student data systems, to the authorizing committees.
+
+(g) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2009 and each of the five succeeding fiscal years.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 136, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 115, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3111; amended Pub. L. 111–39, title I, § 101(b)(4), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1935.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2009—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 111–39 substituted “(commonly known as the ‘Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974’)” for “(Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974)”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1015f.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1015f"
+description: "State commitment to affordable college education"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1015f"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1015f"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1015f"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "22f332d1ef8be8d879ec4a7bd3619533454d67d6092b78f3adff177e0d2be24c"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "9e88f8b7bff2dff1412980b55264e7805763a0de39559807d4c14e968fef88d7"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1015f - State commitment to affordable college education
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Maintenance of effort required A State shall provide—
+
+(1) for public institutions of higher education in such State for any academic year beginning on or after July 1, 2008, an amount which is equal to or greater than the average amount provided for non-capital and non-direct research and development expenses or costs by such State to such institutions of higher education during the five most recent preceding academic years for which satisfactory data are available; and
+
+(2) for private institutions of higher education in such State for any academic year beginning on or after July 1, 2008, an amount which is equal to or greater than the average amount provided for student financial aid for paying costs associated with postsecondary education by such State to such institutions during the five most recent preceding academic years for which satisfactory data are available.
+
+(b) Adjustments for biennial appropriations The Secretary shall take into consideration any adjustments to the calculations under subsection (a) that may be required to accurately reflect funding levels for postsecondary education in States with biennial appropriation cycles.
+
+(c) Waiver The Secretary shall waive the requirements of subsection (a), if the Secretary determines that such a waiver would be equitable due to exceptional or uncontrollable circumstances, such as a natural disaster or a precipitous and unforseen 11 So in original. Probably should be “unforeseen”. decline in the financial resources of a State or State educational agency, as appropriate.
+
+(d) Violation of maintenance of effort Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary shall withhold from any State that violates subsection (a) and does not receive a waiver pursuant to subsection (c) any amount that would otherwise be available to the State under section 1141 of this title until such State has made significant efforts to correct such violation.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 137, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 116, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3113.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1016, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 121, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title I, § 101, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1285, related to adult learning research, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325. Another prior section 1016, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 116, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1381, provided for Federal discretionary grants, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. A prior section 1016a, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 122, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title I, § 101, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1286, limited funds authorized to be appropriated, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325. A prior section 1017, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 131, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title I, § 101, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1286; Pub. L. 102–54, § 13(g)(1)(A), June 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 275, related to National Advisory Council on Continuing Education, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325. Another prior section 1017, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 117, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1382; amended Pub. L. 99–386, title I, § 103(a), Aug. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 821, related to establishment and administration of the National Advisory Council on Continuing Education, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1018b.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1018b"
+description: "Administrative simplification of student aid delivery"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1018b"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1018b"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1018b"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "716c2dac88df74f9cbe4e63a50900725ae8dce30b709c41007bce69f28fed6e5"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "b31392b007d9ffa4b30229a022a8a81ff020bcfdc57a2c5aef64c4561c129067"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1018b - Administrative simplification of student aid delivery
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In general In order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the student aid delivery system, the Secretary and the Chief Operating Officer shall encourage and participate in the establishment of voluntary consensus standards and requirements for the electronic transmission of information necessary for the administration of programs under subchapter IV.
+
+(b) Participation in standard setting organizations (1) The Chief Operating Officer shall participate in the activities of standard setting organizations in carrying out the provisions of this section.
+
+(2) The Chief Operating Officer shall encourage higher education groups seeking to develop common forms, standards, and procedures in support of the delivery of Federal student financial assistance to conduct these activities within a standard setting organization.
+
+(3) The Chief Operating Officer may pay necessary dues and fees associated with participating in standard setting organizations pursuant to this subsection.
+
+(c) Adoption of voluntary consensus standards Except with respect to the common financial reporting form under section 1090(a) of this title, the Secretary shall consider adopting voluntary consensus standards agreed to by the organization described in subsection (b) for transactions required under subchapter IV, and common data elements for such transactions, to enable information to be exchanged electronically between systems administered by the Department and among participants in the Federal student aid delivery system.
+
+(d) Use of clearinghouses Nothing in this section shall restrict the ability of participating institutions and lenders from using a clearinghouse or servicer to comply with the standards for the exchange of information established under this section.
+
+(e) Data security Any entity that maintains or transmits information under a transaction covered by this section shall maintain reasonable and appropriate administrative, technical, and physical safeguards—
+
+(1) to ensure the integrity and confidentiality of the information; and
+
+(2) to protect against any reasonably anticipated security threats, or unauthorized uses or disclosures of the information.
+
+(f) Definitions (1) Clearinghouse The term “clearinghouse” means a public or private entity that processes or facilitates the processing of nonstandard data elements into data elements conforming to standards adopted under this section.
+
+(2) Standard setting organization The term “standard setting organization” means an organization that—
+
+(A) is accredited by the American National Standards Institute;
+
+(B) develops standards for information transactions, data elements, or any other standard that is necessary to, or will facilitate, the implementation of this section; and
+
+(C) is open to the participation of the various entities engaged in the delivery of Federal student financial assistance.
+
+(3) Voluntary consensus standard The term “voluntary consensus standard” means a standard developed or used by a standard setting organization described in paragraph (2).
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 143, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1615.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsPrior sections 1018b to 1018f were omitted in the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 102–325. Section 1018b, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 143, as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, § 6201, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1515, related to use of funds. Section 1018c, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 144, as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, § 6201, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1515; Pub. L. 101–610, title II, § 221(a), (b), Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3180, related to applications. Section 1018d, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 145, as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, § 6201, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1516, related to technical assistance and coordination contracts. Section 1018e, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 146, as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, § 6201, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1516; Pub. L. 101–305, § 5, May 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 258; Pub. L. 101–610, title II, § 221(c), Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3180, related to authorization of appropriations. Section 1018f, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 147, as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, § 6201, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1516, defined “public community agency”, “institution of higher education” and “Secretary”.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1019.md

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1019"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1019"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1019"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1019"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "cb3493b9ca8e3111df17f5398f99985f64e650f9a426530023fade4be8774b49"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "f2cc5bfe971102036e8395b16873bb99d7b411e03d077513bc0fc74d68b797ed"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1019 - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+In this part:
+
+(1) Agent The term “agent” means an officer or employee of a covered institution or an institution-affiliated organization.
+
+(2) Covered institution The term “covered institution” means any institution of higher education, as such term is defined in section 1002 of this title, that receives any Federal funding or assistance.
+
+(3) Education loan The term “education loan” (except when used as part of the term “private education loan”) means—
+
+(A) any loan made, insured, or guaranteed under part B of subchapter IV;
+
+(B) any loan made under part D of subchapter IV; or
+
+(C) a private education loan.
+
+(4) Eligible lender The term “eligible lender” has the meaning given such term in section 1085(d) of this title.
+
+(5) Institution-affiliated organization The term “institution-affiliated organization”—
+
+(A) means any organization that—
+
+(i) is directly or indirectly related to a covered institution; and
+
+(ii) is engaged in the practice of recommending, promoting, or endorsing education loans for students attending such covered institution or the families of such students;
+
+(B) may include an alumni organization, athletic organization, foundation, or social, academic, or professional organization, of a covered institution; and
+
+(C) notwithstanding subparagraphs (A) and (B), does not include any lender with respect to any education loan secured, made, or extended by such lender.
+
+(6) Lender The term “lender” (except when used as part of the terms “eligible lender” and “private educational lender”)—
+
+(A) means—
+
+(i) in the case of a loan made, insured, or guaranteed under part B of subchapter IV, an eligible lender;
+
+(ii) in the case of any loan issued or provided to a student under part D of subchapter IV, the Secretary; and
+
+(iii) in the case of a private education loan, a private educational lender as defined in section 1650 of title 15; and
+
+(B) includes any other person engaged in the business of securing, making, or extending education loans on behalf of the lender.
+
+(7) Officer The term “officer” includes a director or trustee of a covered institution or institution-affiliated organization, if such individual is treated as an employee of such covered institution or institution-affiliated organization, respectively.
+
+(8) Preferred lender arrangement The term “preferred lender arrangement”—
+
+(A) means an arrangement or agreement between a lender and a covered institution or an institution-affiliated organization of such covered institution—
+
+(i) under which a lender provides or otherwise issues education loans to the students attending such covered institution or the families of such students; and
+
+(ii) that relates to such covered institution or such institution-affiliated organization recommending, promoting, or endorsing the education loan products of the lender; and
+
+(B) does not include—
+
+(i) arrangements or agreements with respect to loans under part D of subchapter IV; or
+
+(ii) arrangements or agreements with respect to loans that originate through the auction pilot program under section 1099d(b) of this title.
+
+(9) Private education loan The term “private education loan” has the meaning given the term in section 1650 of title 15.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 151, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 120, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3117.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1019, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 119, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1383, authorized appropriations for education outreach programs, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1019a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1019a"
+description: "Responsibilities of covered institutions, institution-affiliated organizations, and lenders"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1019a"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1019a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1019a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "5d3c6342d31ead2911a88461f2a33aa68b9e905b5287e79788ab45ca7957dab6"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "894ef36d3f95187ed7e487db7e806f27b9515a4441ddfff616f32536a40f8ab9"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1019a - Responsibilities of covered institutions, institution-affiliated organizations, and lenders
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Responsibilities of covered institutions and institution-affiliated organizations (1) Disclosures by covered institutions and institution-affiliated organizations (A) Preferred lender arrangement disclosures In addition to the disclosures required by subsections (a)(27) and (h) of section 1094 of this title (if applicable), a covered institution, or an institution-affiliated organization of such covered institution, that participates in a preferred lender arrangement shall disclose—
+
+(i) on such covered institution’s or institution-affiliated organization’s website and in all informational materials described in subparagraph (C) that describe or discuss education loans—
+
+(I) the maximum amount of Federal grant and loan aid under subchapter IV available to students, in an easy to understand format;
+
+(II) the information required to be disclosed pursuant to section 1019b(a)(2)(A)(i) of this title, for each type of loan described in section 1019(3)(A) of this title that is offered pursuant to a preferred lender arrangement of the institution or organization to students of the institution or the families of such students; and
+
+(III) a statement that such institution is required to process the documents required to obtain a loan under part B of subchapter IV from any eligible lender the student selects; and
+
+(ii) on such covered institution’s or institution-affiliated organization’s website and in all informational materials described in subparagraph (C) that describe or discuss private education loans—
+
+(I) in the case of a covered institution, the information that the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System requires to be disclosed under section 1638(e)(11) of title 15, for each type of private education loan offered pursuant to a preferred lender arrangement of the institution to students of the institution or the families of such students; and
+
+(II) in the case of an institution-affiliated organization of a covered institution, the information the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System requires to be disclosed under section 1638(e)(1) of title 15, for each type of private education loan offered pursuant to a preferred lender arrangement of the organization to students of such institution or the families of such students.
+
+(B) Private education loan disclosures A covered institution, or an institution-affiliated organization of such covered institution, that provides information regarding a private education loan from a lender to a prospective borrower shall—
+
+(i) provide the prospective borrower with the information the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System requires to be disclosed under section 1638(e)(1) of title 15 for such loan;
+
+(ii) inform the prospective borrower that—
+
+(I) the prospective borrower may qualify for loans or other assistance under subchapter IV; and
+
+(II) the terms and conditions of loans made, insured, or guaranteed under subchapter IV may be more favorable than the provisions of private education loans; and
+
+(iii) ensure that information regarding private education loans is presented in such a manner as to be distinct from information regarding loans that are made, insured, or guaranteed under subchapter IV.
+
+(C) Informational materials The informational materials described in this subparagraph are publications, mailings, or electronic messages or materials that—
+
+(i) are distributed to prospective or current students of a covered institution and families of such students; and
+
+(ii) describe or discuss the financial aid opportunities available to students at an institution of higher education.
+
+(2) Use of institution name A covered institution, or an institution-affiliated organization of such covered institution, that enters into a preferred lender arrangement with a lender regarding private education loans shall not agree to the lender’s use of the name, emblem, mascot, or logo of such institution or organization, or other words, pictures, or symbols readily identified with such institution or organization, in the marketing of private education loans to students attending such institution in any way that implies that the loan is offered or made by such institution or organization instead of the lender.
+
+(3) Use of lender name A covered institution, or an institution-affiliated organization of such covered institution, that enters into a preferred lender arrangement with a lender regarding private education loans shall ensure that the name of the lender is displayed in all information and documentation related to such loans.
+
+(b) Lender responsibilities (1) Disclosures by lenders (A) Disclosures to borrowers (i) Federal education loans For each education loan that is made, insured, or guaranteed under part B or D of subchapter IV (other than a loan made under section 1078–3 of this title or a Federal Direct Consolidation Loan), at or prior to the time the lender disburses such loan, the lender shall provide the prospective borrower or borrower, in writing (including through electronic means), with the disclosures described in subsections (a) and (c) of section 1083 of this title.
+
+(ii) Private education loans For each of a lender’s private education loans, the lender shall comply with the disclosure requirements under section 1638(e) of title 15.
+
+(B) Disclosures to the Secretary (i) In general Each lender of a loan made, insured, or guaranteed under part B of subchapter IV shall, on an annual basis, report to the Secretary—
+
+(I) any reasonable expenses paid or provided under section 1085(d)(5)(D) of this title or paragraph (3)(B) or (7) of section 1094(e) of this title to any agent of a covered institution who—
+
+(aa) is employed in the financial aid office of a covered institution; or
+
+(bb) otherwise has responsibilities with respect to education loans or other financial aid of the institution; and
+
+(II) any similar expenses paid or provided to any agent of an institution-affiliated organization who is involved in the practice of recommending, promoting, or endorsing education loans.
+
+(ii) Contents of reports Each report described in clause (i) shall include—
+
+(I) the amount for each specific instance in which the lender provided such expenses;
+
+(II) the name of any agent described in clause (i) to whom the expenses were paid or provided;
+
+(III) the dates of the activity for which the expenses were paid or provided; and
+
+(IV) a brief description of the activity for which the expenses were paid or provided.
+
+(iii) Report to Congress The Secretary shall summarize the information received from the lenders under this subparagraph in a report and transmit such report annually to the authorizing committees.
+
+(2) Certification by lenders Not later than 18 months after August 14, 2008—
+
+(A) in addition to any other disclosure required under Federal law, each lender of a loan made, insured, or guaranteed under part B of subchapter IV that participates in one or more preferred lender arrangements shall annually certify the lender’s compliance with the requirements of this chapter; and
+
+(B) if an audit of a lender is required pursuant to section 1078(b)(1)(U)(iii) of this title, the lender’s compliance with the requirements under this section shall be reported on and attested to annually by the auditor of such lender.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 152, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 120, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3119.)

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1019b.md

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1019b"
+description: "Loan information to be disclosed and model disclosure form for covered institutions, institution-affiliated organizations, and lenders participating in preferred lender arrangements"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1019b"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1019b"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1019b"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "221f43de9abd64c3736bce0234ebb1b1def0dfad344cf9ba99e21c81cd41092a"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "3f6917fd10596561a7e6d2aeccbd32ded53853c5d45c6ea5cdcf48c003b8b79f"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1019b - Loan information to be disclosed and model disclosure form for covered institutions, institution-affiliated organizations, and lenders participating in preferred lender arrangements
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Duties of the Secretary (1) Determination of minimum disclosures (A) In general Not later than 18 months after August 14, 2008, the Secretary, in coordination with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, shall determine the minimum information that lenders, covered institutions, and institution-affiliated organizations of such covered institutions participating in preferred lender arrangements shall make available regarding education loans described in section 1019(3)(A) of this title that are offered to students and the families of such students.
+
+(B) Consultation and content of minimum disclosures In carrying out subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall—
+
+(i) consult with students, the families of such students, representatives of covered institutions (including financial aid administrators, admission officers, and business officers), representatives of institution-affiliated organizations, secondary school guidance counselors, lenders, loan servicers, and guaranty agencies;
+
+(ii) include, in the minimum information under subparagraph (A) that is required to be made available, the information that the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System requires to be disclosed under section 1638(e)(1) of title 15, modified as necessary to apply to such loans; and
+
+(iii) consider the merits of requiring each covered institution, and each institution-affiliated organization of such covered institution, with a preferred lender arrangement to provide to prospective borrowers and the families of such borrowers the following information for each type of education loan offered pursuant to such preferred lender arrangement:
+
+(I) The interest rate and terms and conditions of the loan for the next award year, including loan forgiveness and deferment.
+
+(II) Information on any charges, such as origination and Federal default fees, that are payable on the loan, and whether those charges will be—
+
+(aa) collected by the lender at or prior to the disbursal of the loan, including whether the charges will be deducted from the proceeds of the loan or paid separately by the borrower; or
+
+(bb) paid in whole or in part by the lender.
+
+(III) The annual and aggregate maximum amounts that may be borrowed.
+
+(IV) The average amount borrowed from the lender by students who graduated from such institution in the preceding year with certificates, undergraduate degrees, graduate degrees, and professional degrees, as applicable, and who obtained loans of such type from the lender for the preceding year.
+
+(V) The amount the borrower may pay in interest, based on a standard repayment plan and the average amount borrowed from the lender by students who graduated from such institution in the preceding year and who obtained loans of such type from the lender for the preceding year, for—
+
+(aa) borrowers of loans made under section 1078 of this title;
+
+(bb) borrowers of loans made under section 1078–2 or 1078–8 of this title, who pay the interest while in school; and
+
+(cc) borrowers of loans made under section 1078–2 or 1078–8 of this title, who do not pay the interest while in school.
+
+(VI) The consequences for the borrower of defaulting on a loan, including limitations on the discharge of an education loan in bankruptcy.
+
+(VII) Contact information for the lender.
+
+(VIII) Other information suggested by the persons and entities with whom the Secretary has consulted under clause (i).
+
+(2) Required disclosures After making the determinations under paragraph (1), the Secretary, in coordination with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and after consultation with the public, shall—
+
+(A) (i) provide that the information determined under paragraph (1) shall be disclosed by covered institutions, and institution-affiliated organizations of such covered institutions, with preferred lender arrangements to prospective borrowers and the families of such borrowers regarding the education loans described in section 1019(3)(A) of this title that are offered pursuant to such preferred lender arrangements; and
+
+(ii) make clear that such covered institutions and institution-affiliated organizations may provide the required information on a form designed by the institution or organization instead of the model disclosure form described in subparagraph (B);
+
+(B) develop a model disclosure form that may be used by covered institutions, institution-affiliated organizations, and preferred lenders that includes all of the information required under subparagraph (A)(i) in a format that—
+
+(i) is easily usable by students, families, institutions, institution-affiliated organizations, lenders, loan servicers, and guaranty agencies; and
+
+(ii) is similar in format to the form developed by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System under paragraphs (1) and (5)(A) of section 1638(e) 11 See References in Text note below. of title 15, in order to permit students and the families of students to easily compare private education loans and education loans described in section 1019(3)(A) of this title; and
+
+(C) update such model disclosure form periodically, as necessary.
+
+(b) Duties of lenders Each lender that has a preferred lender arrangement with a covered institution, or an institution-affiliated organization of such covered institution, with respect to education loans described in section 1019(3)(A) of this title shall annually, by a date determined by the Secretary, provide to such covered institution or such institution-affiliated organization, and to the Secretary, the information the Secretary requires pursuant to subsection (a)(2)(A)(i) for each type of education loan described in section 1019(3)(A) of this title that the lender plans to offer pursuant to such preferred lender arrangement to students attending such covered institution, or to the families of such students, for the next award year.
+
+(c) Duties of covered institutions and institution-affiliated organizations (1) Providing information to students and families (A) In general Each covered institution, and each institution-affiliated organization of such covered institution, that has a preferred lender arrangement shall provide the following information to students attending such institution, or the families of such students, as applicable:
+
+(i) The information the Secretary requires pursuant to subsection (a)(2)(A)(i), for each type of education loan described in section 1019(3)(A) of this title offered pursuant to a preferred lender arrangement to students of such institution or the families of such students.
+
+(ii) (I) In the case of a covered institution, the information that the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System requires to be disclosed under section 1638(e)(11) of title 15 to the covered institution, for each type of private education loan offered pursuant to such preferred lender arrangement to students of such institution or the families of such students.
+
+(II) In the case of an institution-affiliated organization, the information the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System requires to be disclosed under section 1638(e)(1) of title 15, for each type of private education loan offered pursuant to such preferred lender arrangement to students of the institution with which such organization is affiliated or the families of such students.
+
+(B) Timely provision of information The information described in subparagraph (A) shall be provided in a manner that allows for the students or the families to take such information into account before selecting a lender or applying for an education loan.
+
+(2) Annual report Each covered institution, and each institution-affiliated organization of such covered institution, that has a preferred lender arrangement, shall—
+
+(A) prepare and submit to the Secretary an annual report, by a date determined by the Secretary, that includes, for each lender that has a preferred lender arrangement with such covered institution or organization—
+
+(i) the information described in clauses (i) and (ii) of paragraph (1)(A); and
+
+(ii) a detailed explanation of why such covered institution or institution-affiliated organization entered into a preferred lender arrangement with the lender, including why the terms, conditions, and provisions of each type of education loan provided pursuant to the preferred lender arrangement are beneficial for students attending such institution, or the families of such students, as applicable; and
+
+(B) ensure that the report required under subparagraph (A) is made available to the public and provided to students attending or planning to attend such covered institution and the families of such students.
+
+(3) Code of conduct (A) In general Each covered institution, and each institution-affiliated organization of such covered institution, that has a preferred lender arrangement, shall comply with the code of conduct requirements of subparagraphs (A) through (C) of section 1094(a)(25) of this title.
+
+(B) Applicable code of conduct For purposes of subparagraph (A), an institution-affiliated organization of a covered institution shall—
+
+(i) comply with the code of conduct developed and published by such covered institution under subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 1094(a)(25) of this title;
+
+(ii) if such institution-affiliated organization has a website, publish such code of conduct prominently on the website; and
+
+(iii) administer and enforce such code of conduct by, at a minimum, requiring that all of such organization’s agents with responsibilities with respect to education loans be annually informed of the provisions of such code of conduct.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 153, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 120, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3122; amended Pub. L. 111–39, title I, § 101(b)(6), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1935.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextSection 1638(e) of title 15, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B)(ii), was in the original “section 128(e)”, and was translated as meaning section 128(e) of Pub. L. 90–321, which is classified to section 1638(e) of title 15, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
+
+Amendments2009—Subsec. (a)(1)(B)(iii)(V). Pub. L. 111–39 substituted “borrowers of loans made under” for “borrowers who take out loans under” wherever appearing.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1019c.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1019c"
+description: "Loan information to be disclosed and model disclosure form for institutions participating in the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1019c"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1019c"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1019c"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "58509c0fd39213b575662346cbf56650569a57aa644351e430bde251a7139dfc"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "f03858c8f50394017603c71935992147619bcbaabc7338f37afd26eec41a92e0"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1019c - Loan information to be disclosed and model disclosure form for institutions participating in the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Provision of disclosures to institutions by the Secretary Not later than 180 days after the development of the model disclosure form under section 1019b(a)(2)(B) of this title, the Secretary shall provide each institution of higher education participating in the William D. Ford Direct Loan Program under part D of subchapter IV with a completed model disclosure form including the same information for Federal Direct Stafford Loans, Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loans, and Federal Direct PLUS loans made to, or on behalf of, students attending each such institution as is required on such form for loans described in section 1019(3)(A) of this title.
+
+(b) Duties of institutions (1) In general Each institution of higher education participating in the William D. Ford Direct Loan Program under part D of subchapter IV shall—
+
+(A) make the information the Secretary provides to the institution under subsection (a) available to students attending or planning to attend the institution, or the families of such students, as applicable; and
+
+(B) if the institution provides information regarding a private education loan to a prospective borrower, concurrently provide such borrower with the information the Secretary provides to the institution under subsection (a).
+
+(2) Choice of forms In providing the information required under paragraph (1), an institution of higher education may use a comparable form designed by the institution instead of the model disclosure form developed under section 1019b(a)(2)(B) of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 154, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title I, § 120, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3125.)

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1019d.md

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1019d"
+description: "Self-certification form for private education loans"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1019d"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1019d"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1019d"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "7b8bc78edbe01bb60af435f8090f4373f62a98b86c3f3935a0d41dad3fb13583"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "3812188b79e523e58605efe1ba8ade55497235f281bc8dc5ea6073e66cd1a096"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1019d - Self-certification form for private education loans
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In general The Secretary, in consultation with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, shall develop the self-certification form for private education loans that shall be used to satisfy the requirements of section 1638(e)(3) of title 15. Such form shall—
+
+(1) be developed in a standardized format;
+
+(2) be made available to the applicant by the relevant institution of higher education, in written or electronic form, upon request of the applicant;
+
+(3) contain only disclosures that—
+
+(A) the applicant may qualify for Federal student financial assistance through a program under subchapter IV of this chapter, or State or institutional student financial assistance, in place of, or in addition to, a private education loan;
+
+(B) the applicant is encouraged to discuss the availability of Federal, State, and institutional student financial assistance with financial aid officials at the applicant’s institution of higher education;
+
+(C) a private education loan may affect the applicant’s eligibility for free or low-cost Federal, State or institutional student financial assistance; and
+
+(D) the information that the applicant is required to provide on the form is available from officials at the financial aid office of the institution of higher education;
+
+(4) include a place to provide information on—
+
+(A) the applicant’s cost of attendance at the institution of higher education, as determined by the institution under part F of subchapter IV;
+
+(B) the applicant’s estimated financial assistance, including amounts of financial assistance used to replace the student aid index, as determined by the institution, in accordance with subchapter IV, for students who have completed the Free Application for Federal Student Aid; and
+
+(C) the difference between the amounts under subparagraphs (A) and (B), as applicable; and
+
+(5) include a place for the applicant’s signature, in written or electronic form.
+
+(b) Limit on liability Nothing in this section shall be construed to create a private right of action against an institution of higher education with respect to the form developed under subsection (a).
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 155, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title X, § 1021(b), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3487; amended Pub. L. 111–39, title I, § 101(b)(7), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1935; Pub. L. 116–260, div. FF, title VII, § 704(1), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 3199.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2020—Subsec. (a)(4)(B). Pub. L. 116–260 substituted “the student aid index” for “the expected family contribution”. 2009—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 111–39 added par. (4) and struck out former par. (4) which read as follows: “include a place to provide information on— “(A) the applicant’s cost of attendance at the institution of higher education, as determined by the institution under Part F of subchapter IV; “(B) the applicant’s expected family contribution, as determined under Part F of subchapter IV, as applicable, for students who have completed the free application for Federal student aid; “(C) the applicant’s estimated financial assistance, as determined by the institution, in accordance with subchapter IV, as applicable; “(D) the difference between the amounts under subparagraphs (A) and (C), as applicable; and “(E) the sum of the amounts under subparagraphs (B) and (D), as applicable; and”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2020 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 116–260 effective July 1, 2024, except as otherwise expressly provided, and applicable with respect to award year 2024–2025 and each subsequent award year, as determined under this chapter, see section 701(b) of Pub. L. 116–260, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1021.md

@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1021"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1021"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1021"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1021"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "ead1d34388636b3b679f858f8844b8f2d85a729bb587ac58f466ae01ecf63f24"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "fe489237757d8547581098c238b8e6d005146e3a1faf56d3b977278cb898e1b8"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1021 - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+In this subchapter:
+
+(1) Arts and sciences The term “arts and sciences” means—
+
+(A) when referring to an organizational unit of an institution of higher education, any academic unit that offers one or more academic majors in disciplines or content areas corresponding to the academic subject matter areas in which teachers provide instruction; and
+
+(B) when referring to a specific academic subject area, the disciplines or content areas in which academic majors are offered by the arts and sciences organizational unit.
+
+(2) Children from low-income families The term “children from low-income families” means children described in section 6333(c)(1)(A) of this title.
+
+(3) Core academic subjects The term “core academic subjects” means English, reading or language arts, mathematics, science, foreign languages, civics and government, economics, arts, history, and geography.
+
+(4) Early childhood educator The term “early childhood educator” means an individual with primary responsibility for the education of children in an early childhood education program.
+
+(5) Educational service agency The term “educational service agency” has the meaning given the term in section 7801 of this title.
+
+(6) Eligible partnership Except as otherwise provided in section 1034 of this title, the term “eligible partnership” means an entity that—
+
+(A) shall include—
+
+(i) a high-need local educational agency;
+
+(ii) (I) a high-need school or a consortium of high-need schools served by the high-need local educational agency; or
+
+(II) as applicable, a high-need early childhood education program;
+
+(iii) a partner institution;
+
+(iv) a school, department, or program of education within such partner institution, which may include an existing teacher professional development program with proven outcomes within a four-year institution of higher education that provides intensive and sustained collaboration between faculty and local educational agencies consistent with the requirements of this subchapter; and
+
+(v) a school or department of arts and sciences within such partner institution; and
+
+(B) may include any of the following:
+
+(i) The Governor of the State.
+
+(ii) The State educational agency.
+
+(iii) The State board of education.
+
+(iv) The State agency for higher education.
+
+(v) A business.
+
+(vi) A public or private nonprofit educational organization.
+
+(vii) An educational service agency.
+
+(viii) A teacher organization.
+
+(ix) A high-performing local educational agency, or a consortium of such local educational agencies, that can serve as a resource to the partnership.
+
+(x) A charter school (as defined in section 7221i of this title).
+
+(xi) A school or department within the partner institution that focuses on psychology and human development.
+
+(xii) A school or department within the partner institution with comparable expertise in the disciplines of teaching, learning, and child and adolescent development.
+
+(xiii) An entity operating a program that provides alternative routes to State certification of teachers.
+
+(7) Essential components of reading instruction The term “essential components of reading instruction” has the meaning given the term in section 6368 of this title as such section was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015.
+
+(8) Exemplary teacher The term “exemplary teacher” has the meaning given the term in section 7801 of this title as such section was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015.
+
+(9) High-need early childhood education program The term “high-need early childhood education program” means an early childhood education program serving children from low-income families that is located within the geographic area served by a high-need local educational agency.
+
+(10) High-need local educational agency The term “high-need local educational agency” means a local educational agency—
+
+(A) (i) for which not less than 20 percent of the children served by the agency are children from low-income families;
+
+(ii) that serves not fewer than 10,000 children from low-income families;
+
+(iii) that meets the eligibility requirements for funding under the Small, Rural School Achievement Program under section 7345(b) of this title; or
+
+(iv) that meets the eligibility requirements for funding under the Rural and Low-Income School Program under section 7351(b) of this title; and
+
+(B) (i) for which there is a high percentage of teachers not teaching in the academic subject areas or grade levels in which the teachers were trained to teach; or
+
+(ii) for which there is a high teacher turnover rate or a high percentage of teachers with emergency, provisional, or temporary certification or licensure.
+
+(11) High-need school (A) In general The term “high-need school” means a school that, based on the most recent data available, meets one or both of the following:
+
+(i) The school is in the highest quartile of schools in a ranking of all schools served by a local educational agency, ranked in descending order by percentage of students from low-income families enrolled in such schools, as determined by the local educational agency based on one of the following measures of poverty:
+
+(I) The percentage of students aged 5 through 17 in poverty counted in the most recent census data approved by the Secretary.
+
+(II) The percentage of students eligible for a free or reduced price school lunch under the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act [42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.].
+
+(III) The percentage of students in families receiving assistance under the State program funded under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.].
+
+(IV) The percentage of students eligible to receive medical assistance under the Medicaid program.
+
+(V) A composite of two or more of the measures described in subclauses (I) through (IV).
+
+(ii) In the case of—
+
+(I) an elementary school, the school serves students not less than 60 percent of whom are eligible for a free or reduced price school lunch under the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act; or
+
+(II) any other school that is not an elementary school, the other school serves students not less than 45 percent of whom are eligible for a free or reduced price school lunch under the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act.
+
+(B) Special rule (i) Designation by the Secretary The Secretary may, upon approval of an application submitted by an eligible partnership seeking a grant under this subchapter, designate a school that does not qualify as a high-need school under subparagraph (A) as a high-need school for the purpose of this subchapter. The Secretary shall base the approval of an application for designation of a school under this clause on a consideration of the information required under clause (ii), and may also take into account other information submitted by the eligible partnership.
+
+(ii) Application requirements An application for designation of a school under clause (i) shall include—
+
+(I) the number and percentage of students attending such school who are—
+
+(aa) aged 5 through 17 in poverty counted in the most recent census data approved by the Secretary;
+
+(bb) eligible for a free or reduced price school lunch under the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act;
+
+(cc) in families receiving assistance under the State program funded under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act; or
+
+(dd) eligible to receive medical assistance under the Medicaid program;
+
+(II) information about the student academic achievement of students at such school; and
+
+(III) for a secondary school, the graduation rate for such school.
+
+(12) Highly competent The term “highly competent”, when used with respect to an early childhood educator, means an educator—
+
+(A) with specialized education and training in development and education of young children from birth until entry into kindergarten;
+
+(B) with—
+
+(i) a baccalaureate degree in an academic major in the arts and sciences; or
+
+(ii) an associate’s degree in a related educational area; and
+
+(C) who has demonstrated a high level of knowledge and use of content and pedagogy in the relevant areas associated with quality early childhood education.
+
+(13) Repealed. Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, § 9214(c)(1)(A), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2161
+
+(14) Induction program The term “induction program” means a formalized program for new teachers during not less than the teachers’ first two years of teaching that is designed to provide support for, and improve the professional performance and advance the retention in the teaching field of, beginning teachers. Such program shall promote effective teaching skills and shall include the following components:
+
+(A) High-quality teacher mentoring.
+
+(B) Periodic, structured time for collaboration with teachers in the same department or field, including mentor teachers, as well as time for information-sharing among teachers, principals, administrators, other appropriate instructional staff, and participating faculty in the partner institution.
+
+(C) The application of empirically-based practice and scientifically valid research on instructional practices.
+
+(D) Opportunities for new teachers to draw directly on the expertise of teacher mentors, faculty, and researchers to support the integration of empirically-based practice and scientifically valid research with practice.
+
+(E) The development of skills in instructional and behavioral interventions derived from empirically-based practice and, where applicable, scientifically valid research.
+
+(F) Faculty who—
+
+(i) model the integration of research and practice in the classroom; and
+
+(ii) assist new teachers with the effective use and integration of technology in the classroom.
+
+(G) Interdisciplinary collaboration among exemplary teachers, faculty, researchers, and other staff who prepare new teachers with respect to the learning process and the assessment of learning.
+
+(H) Assistance with the understanding of data, particularly student achievement data, and the applicability of such data in classroom instruction.
+
+(I) Regular and structured observation and evaluation of new teachers by multiple evaluators, using valid and reliable measures of teaching skills.
+
+(15) Limited English proficient The term “limited English proficient” has the meaning given the term “English learner” in section 7801 of this title.
+
+(16) Parent The term “parent” has the meaning given the term in section 7801 of this title.
+
+(17) Partner institution The term “partner institution” means an institution of higher education, which may include a two-year institution of higher education offering a dual program with a four-year institution of higher education, participating in an eligible partnership that has a teacher preparation program—
+
+(A) whose graduates exhibit strong performance on State-determined qualifying assessments for new teachers through—
+
+(i) demonstrating that 80 percent or more of the graduates of the program who intend to enter the field of teaching have passed all of the applicable State qualification assessments for new teachers, which shall include an assessment of each prospective teacher’s subject matter knowledge in the content area in which the teacher intends to teach; or
+
+(ii) being ranked among the highest-performing teacher preparation programs in the State as determined by the State—
+
+(I) using criteria consistent with the requirements for the State report card under section 1022d(b) of this title before the first publication of such report card; and
+
+(II) using the State report card on teacher preparation required under section 1022d(b) of this title, after the first publication of such report card and for every year thereafter; and
+
+(B) that requires—
+
+(i) each student in the program to meet high academic standards or demonstrate a record of success, as determined by the institution (including prior to entering and being accepted into a program), and participate in intensive clinical experience;
+
+(ii) each student in the program preparing to become a teacher who meets the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title; and
+
+(iii) each student in the program preparing to become an early childhood educator to meet degree requirements, as established by the State, and become highly competent.
+
+(18) Principles of scientific research The term “principles of scientific research” means principles of research that—
+
+(A) apply rigorous, systematic, and objective methodology to obtain reliable and valid knowledge relevant to education activities and programs;
+
+(B) present findings and make claims that are appropriate to, and supported by, the methods that have been employed; and
+
+(C) include, appropriate to the research being conducted—
+
+(i) use of systematic, empirical methods that draw on observation or experiment;
+
+(ii) use of data analyses that are adequate to support the general findings;
+
+(iii) reliance on measurements or observational methods that provide reliable and generalizable findings;
+
+(iv) strong claims of causal relationships, only with research designs that eliminate plausible competing explanations for observed results, such as, but not limited to, random-assignment experiments;
+
+(v) presentation of studies and methods in sufficient detail and clarity to allow for replication or, at a minimum, to offer the opportunity to build systematically on the findings of the research;
+
+(vi) acceptance by a peer-reviewed journal or critique by a panel of independent experts through a comparably rigorous, objective, and scientific review; and
+
+(vii) consistency of findings across multiple studies or sites to support the generality of results and conclusions.
+
+(19) Professional development The term “professional development” has the meaning given the term in section 7801 of this title.
+
+(20) Scientifically valid research The term “scientifically valid research” includes applied research, basic research, and field-initiated research in which the rationale, design, and interpretation are soundly developed in accordance with principles of scientific research.
+
+(21) Teacher mentoring The term “teacher mentoring” means the mentoring of new or prospective teachers through a program that—
+
+(A) includes clear criteria for the selection of teacher mentors who will provide role model relationships for mentees, which criteria shall be developed by the eligible partnership and based on measures of teacher effectiveness;
+
+(B) provides high-quality training for such mentors, including instructional strategies for literacy instruction and classroom management (including approaches that improve the schoolwide climate for learning, which may include positive behavioral interventions and supports);
+
+(C) provides regular and ongoing opportunities for mentors and mentees to observe each other’s teaching methods in classroom settings during the day in a high-need school in the high-need local educational agency in the eligible partnership;
+
+(D) provides paid release time for mentors, as applicable;
+
+(E) provides mentoring to each mentee by a colleague who teaches in the same field, grade, or subject as the mentee;
+
+(F) promotes empirically-based practice of, and scientifically valid research on, where applicable—
+
+(i) teaching and learning;
+
+(ii) assessment of student learning;
+
+(iii) the development of teaching skills through the use of instructional and behavioral interventions; and
+
+(iv) the improvement of the mentees’ capacity to measurably advance student learning; and
+
+(G) includes—
+
+(i) common planning time or regularly scheduled collaboration for the mentor and mentee; and
+
+(ii) joint professional development opportunities.
+
+(22) Teaching residency program The term “teaching residency program” means a school-based teacher preparation program in which a prospective teacher—
+
+(A) for one academic year, teaches alongside a mentor teacher, who is the teacher of record;
+
+(B) receives concurrent instruction during the year described in subparagraph (A) from the partner institution, which courses may be taught by local educational agency personnel or residency program faculty, in the teaching of the content area in which the teacher will become certified or licensed;
+
+(C) acquires effective teaching skills; and
+
+(D) prior to completion of the program—
+
+(i) attains full State certification or licensure and, with respect to special education teachers, meets the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title; and
+
+(ii) acquires a master’s degree not later than 18 months after beginning the program.
+
+(23) Teaching skills The term “teaching skills” means skills that enable a teacher to—
+
+(A) increase student learning, achievement, and the ability to apply knowledge;
+
+(B) effectively convey and explain academic subject matter;
+
+(C) effectively teach higher-order analytical, evaluation, problem-solving, and communication skills;
+
+(D) employ strategies grounded in the disciplines of teaching and learning that—
+
+(i) are based on empirically-based practice and scientifically valid research, where applicable, related to teaching and learning;
+
+(ii) are specific to academic subject matter; and
+
+(iii) focus on the identification of students’ specific learning needs, particularly students with disabilities, students who are limited English proficient, students who are gifted and talented, and students with low literacy levels, and the tailoring of academic instruction to such needs;
+
+(E) conduct an ongoing assessment of student learning, which may include the use of formative assessments, performance-based assessments, project-based assessments, or portfolio assessments, that measures higher-order thinking skills (including application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation);
+
+(F) effectively manage a classroom, including the ability to implement positive behavioral interventions and support strategies;
+
+(G) communicate and work with parents, and involve parents in their children’s education; and
+
+(H) use, in the case of an early childhood educator, age-appropriate and developmentally appropriate strategies and practices for children in early childhood education programs.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 200 as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(1), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3126; amended Pub. L. 111–39, title II, § 201(1), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1936; Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, §§ 9214(c)(1), 9215(oo)(2), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2161, 2178.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextSection 6368 of this title as such section was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015, referred to in par. (7), means section 6368 of this title prior to being omitted in the general amendment of part B of subchapter I of chapter 70 of this title by Pub. L. 114–95, title I, § 1201, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1879. Section 7801 of this title as such section was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015, referred to in par. (8), means section 7801 of this title prior to amendment by Pub. L. 114–95, title VIII, §§ 8001(a)(1), (b)(2), (3), 8002, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2088, 2089. The Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act, referred to in par. (11)(A)(i)(II), (ii), (B)(ii)(I)(bb), is act June 4, 1946, ch. 281, 60 Stat. 230, which is classified generally to chapter 13 (§ 1751 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1751 of Title 42 and Tables. The Social Security Act, referred to in par. (11)(A)(i)(III), (B)(ii)(I)(cc), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620. Part A of title IV of the Act is classified generally to part A (§ 601 et seq.) of subchapter IV of chapter 7 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1305 of Title 42 and Tables.
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1021, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 201, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title II, § 201, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1623; amended Pub. L. 107–110, title X, § 1051(2), Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 2080, related to purposes and definitions, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3133. Another prior section 1021, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 201, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1383; amended Pub. L. 99–498, title II, § 201(b), (c), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1287; Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, § 6241, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1520; Pub. L. 102–325, title II, § 201, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 467, related to congressional statement of purpose and authorization of appropriations, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII, § 708(b)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–312. Another prior section 1021, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 201, as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 111(b)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 238; amended Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 106, Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2089; Pub. L. 96–49, § 3(a), Aug. 13, 1979, 93 Stat. 351, provided for college library programs, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374. Another prior section 1021, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 201, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1224; Pub. L. 90–575, title II, § 211, Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1036; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 111(a)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 238, authorized appropriations of $50,000,000 for each fiscal year ending June 30, 1966, 1967, and 1968, and $25,000,000; $75,000,000; $90,000,000; and $18,000,000 for fiscal years ending June 30, 1969, 1970, 1971, and 1972, for library resources grants, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 111(b)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 238.
+
+Amendments2015—Par. (3). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(oo)(2)(A), substituted “The term ‘core academic subjects’ means English, reading or language arts, mathematics, science, foreign languages, civics and government, economics, arts, history, and geography” for “The term ‘core academic subjects’ has the meaning given the term in section 7801 of this title”. Par. (5). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(oo)(2)(B), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 7801 of this title. Par. (6)(B)(x). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(oo)(2)(C), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 7221i of this title. Par. (7). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(oo)(2)(D), added par. (7) and struck out former par. (7). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The term ‘essential components of reading instruction’ has the meaning given the term in section 6368 of this title.” Par. (8). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(oo)(2)(E), added par. (8) and struck out former par. (8). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The term ‘exemplary teacher’ has the meaning given the term in section 7801 of this title.” Par. (10)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(oo)(2)(F)(i), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 7345(b) of this title. Par. (10)(A)(iv). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(oo)(2)(F)(ii), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 7351(b) of this title. Par. (13). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(1)(A), struck out par. (13). Text read as follows: “The term ‘highly qualified’ has the meaning given such term in section 7801 of this title and, with respect to special education teachers, in section 1401 of this title.” Par. (15). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(oo)(2)(G), substituted “The term ‘limited English proficient’ has the meaning given the term ‘English learner’ in section 7801 of this title.” for “The term ‘limited English proficient’ has the meaning given the term in section 7801 of this title.” Par. (16). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(oo)(2)(H), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 7801 of this title. Par. (17)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(1)(B), substituted “who meets the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title” for “to become highly qualified”. Par. (19). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(oo)(2)(I), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 7801 of this title. Par. (22)(D)(i). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(1)(C), substituted “, with respect to special education teachers, meets the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title” for “becomes highly qualified”. 2009—Par. (22)(D). Pub. L. 111–39 added subpar. (D) and struck out former subpar (D) which read as follows: “prior to completion of the program, earns a master’s degree, attains full State teacher certification or licensure, and becomes highly qualified.”
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2015 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1022.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1022"
+description: "Purposes"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1022"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1022"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1022"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "fce8fb813de2e2a71a11569b3b41ee172b7d6843a8fe34ce498fea4d04d2b417"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "0a590a90e697e7ae7cfcd2f6fd8cdba4d1530ab591c7f54ce0d07705515b7df5"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1022 - Purposes
+
+## Text
+
+The purposes of this part are to—
+
+(1) improve student achievement;
+
+(2) improve the quality of prospective and new teachers by improving the preparation of prospective teachers and enhancing professional development activities for new teachers;
+
+(3) hold teacher preparation programs at institutions of higher education accountable for preparing teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title; and
+
+(4) recruit highly qualified individuals, including minorities and individuals from other occupations, into the teaching force.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 201, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3133; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, § 9214(c)(2), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2161.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1022, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 202, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title II, § 201, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1624; amended Pub. L. 107–110, title X, § 1051(2), Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 2080, related to award of State grants, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–315, title II, Sec. 201(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3133. Another prior section 1022, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 202, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1384; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title II, § 201, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 468, required each institution of higher education receiving grants under this subchapter to annually notify designated State agency of its activities under this subchapter, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII, § 708(b)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–312. Another prior section 1022, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 202, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1224; Pub. L. 89–752, § 9, Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1243; Pub. L. 90–575, title II, § 214(a), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1037; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, §§ 111(b)(2)(A), 112(a), (b)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 238, 240, related to the basic grants for the college library resources program, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374. A prior section 201 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1021 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208. Another prior section 201 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1021 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374. Another prior section 201 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1021 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 92–318.
+
+Amendments2015—Par. (3). Pub. L. 114–95 substituted “teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title” for “highly qualified teachers”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2015 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1022a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,383 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1022a"
+description: "Partnership grants"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1022a"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1022a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1022a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "d7faf983624de2747a2204d24b98d7a875b4c8b8d5b6799c9bd3c87568722aec"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "535a92efad39ae0e805e256d8e48ab02d378b504b21d70b9b7ea85798ca3b17a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1022a - Partnership grants
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Program authorized From amounts made available under section 1022h of this title, the Secretary is authorized to award grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible partnerships, to enable the eligible partnerships to carry out the activities described in subsection (c).
+
+(b) Application Each eligible partnership desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such information as the Secretary may require. Each such application shall contain—
+
+(1) a needs assessment of the partners in the eligible partnership with respect to the preparation, ongoing training, professional development, and retention of general education and special education teachers, principals, and, as applicable, early childhood educators;
+
+(2) a description of the extent to which the program to be carried out with grant funds, as described in subsection (c), will prepare prospective and new teachers with strong teaching skills;
+
+(3) a description of how such program will prepare prospective and new teachers to understand and use research and data to modify and improve classroom instruction;
+
+(4) a description of—
+
+(A) how the eligible partnership will coordinate strategies and activities assisted under the grant with other teacher preparation or professional development programs, including programs funded under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 [20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.] and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.], and through the National Science Foundation; and
+
+(B) how the activities of the partnership will be consistent with State, local, and other education reform activities that promote teacher quality and student academic achievement;
+
+(5) an assessment that describes the resources available to the eligible partnership, including—
+
+(A) the integration of funds from other related sources;
+
+(B) the intended use of the grant funds; and
+
+(C) the commitment of the resources of the partnership to the activities assisted under this section, including financial support, faculty participation, and time commitments, and to the continuation of the activities when the grant ends;
+
+(6) a description of—
+
+(A) how the eligible partnership will meet the purposes of this part;
+
+(B) how the partnership will carry out the activities required under subsection (d) or (e), based on the needs identified in paragraph (1), with the goal of improving student academic achievement;
+
+(C) if the partnership chooses to use funds under this section for a project or activities under subsection (f) or (g), how the partnership will carry out such project or required activities based on the needs identified in paragraph (1), with the goal of improving student academic achievement;
+
+(D) the partnership’s evaluation plan under section 1022c(a) of this title;
+
+(E) how the partnership will align the teacher preparation program under subsection (c) with the—
+
+(i) State early learning standards for early childhood education programs, as appropriate, and with the relevant domains of early childhood development; and
+
+(ii) challenging State academic standards under section 1111(b)(1) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 [20 U.S.C. 6311(b)(1)], established by the State in which the partnership is located;
+
+(F) how the partnership will prepare general education teachers to teach students with disabilities, including training related to participation as a member of individualized education program teams, as defined in section 614(d)(1)(B) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [20 U.S.C. 1414(d)(1)(B)];
+
+(G) how the partnership will prepare general education and special education teachers to teach students who are limited English proficient;
+
+(H) how faculty at the partner institution will work, during the term of the grant, with teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 612(a)(14)(C) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [20 U.S.C. 1412(a)(14)(C)], in the classrooms of high-need schools served by the high-need local educational agency in the partnership to—
+
+(i) provide high-quality professional development activities to strengthen the content knowledge and teaching skills of elementary school and secondary school teachers; and
+
+(ii) train other classroom teachers to implement literacy programs that incorporate the essential components of reading instruction;
+
+(I) how the partnership will design, implement, or enhance a year-long and rigorous teaching preservice clinical program component;
+
+(J) how the partnership will support in-service professional development strategies and activities; and
+
+(K) how the partnership will collect, analyze, and use data on the retention of all teachers and early childhood educators in schools and early childhood education programs located in the geographic area served by the partnership to evaluate the effectiveness of the partnership’s teacher and educator support system; and
+
+(7) with respect to the induction program required as part of the activities carried out under this section—
+
+(A) a demonstration that the schools and departments within the institution of higher education that are part of the induction program will effectively prepare teachers, including providing content expertise and expertise in teaching, as appropriate;
+
+(B) a demonstration of the eligible partnership’s capability and commitment to, and the accessibility to and involvement of faculty in, the use of empirically-based practice and scientifically valid research on teaching and learning;
+
+(C) a description of how the teacher preparation program will design and implement an induction program to support, through not less than the first two years of teaching, all new teachers who are prepared by the teacher preparation program in the partnership and who teach in the high-need local educational agency in the partnership, and, to the extent practicable, all new teachers who teach in such high-need local educational agency, in the further development of the new teachers’ teaching skills, including the use of mentors who are trained and compensated by such program for the mentors’ work with new teachers; and
+
+(D) a description of how faculty involved in the induction program will be able to substantially participate in an early childhood education program or an elementary school or secondary school classroom setting, as applicable, including release time and receiving workload credit for such participation.
+
+(c) Use of grant funds An eligible partnership that receives a grant under this section—
+
+(1) shall use grant funds to carry out a program for the preparation of teachers under subsection (d), a teaching residency program under subsection (e), or a combination of such programs; and
+
+(2) may use grant funds to carry out a leadership development program under subsection (f).
+
+(d) Partnership grants for the preparation of teachers An eligible partnership that receives a grant to carry out a program for the preparation of teachers shall carry out an effective pre-baccalaureate teacher preparation program or a 5th year initial licensing program that includes all of the following:
+
+(1) Reforms (A) In general Implementing reforms, described in subparagraph (B), within each teacher preparation program and, as applicable, each preparation program for early childhood education programs, of the eligible partnership that is assisted under this section, to hold each program accountable for—
+
+(i) preparing—
+
+(I) new or prospective teachers to meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 612(a)(14)(C) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [20 U.S.C. 1412(a)(14)(C)] (including teachers in rural school districts, special educators, and teachers of students who are limited English proficient);
+
+(II) such teachers and, as applicable, early childhood educators, to understand empirically-based practice and scientifically valid research related to teaching and learning and the applicability of such practice and research, including through the effective use of technology, instructional techniques, and strategies consistent with the principles of universal design for learning, and through positive behavioral interventions and support strategies to improve student achievement; and
+
+(III) as applicable, early childhood educators to be highly competent; and
+
+(ii) promoting strong teaching skills and, as applicable, techniques for early childhood educators to improve children’s cognitive, social, emotional, and physical development.
+
+(B) Required reforms The reforms described in subparagraph (A) shall include—
+
+(i) implementing teacher preparation program curriculum changes that improve, evaluate, and assess how well all prospective and new teachers develop teaching skills;
+
+(ii) using empirically-based practice and scientifically valid research, where applicable, about teaching and learning so that all prospective teachers and, as applicable, early childhood educators—
+
+(I) understand and can implement research-based teaching practices in classroom instruction;
+
+(II) have knowledge of student learning methods;
+
+(III) possess skills to analyze student academic achievement data and other measures of student learning, and use such data and measures to improve classroom instruction;
+
+(IV) possess teaching skills and an understanding of effective instructional strategies across all applicable content areas that enable general education and special education teachers and early childhood educators to—
+
+(aa) meet the specific learning needs of all students, including students with disabilities, students who are limited English proficient, students who are gifted and talented, students with low literacy levels and, as applicable, children in early childhood education programs; and
+
+(bb) differentiate instruction for such students;
+
+(V) can effectively participate as a member of the individualized education program team, as defined in section 614(d)(1)(B) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [20 U.S.C. 1414(d)(1)(B)]; and
+
+(VI) can successfully employ effective strategies for reading instruction using the essential components of reading instruction;
+
+(iii) ensuring collaboration with departments, programs, or units of a partner institution outside of the teacher preparation program in all academic content areas to ensure that prospective teachers receive training in both teaching and relevant content areas in order to meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 612(a)(14)(C) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [20 U.S.C. 1412(a)(14)(C)], which may include training in multiple subjects to teach multiple grade levels as may be needed for individuals preparing to teach in rural communities and for individuals preparing to teach students with disabilities;
+
+(iv) developing and implementing an induction program;
+
+(v) developing admissions goals and priorities aligned with the hiring objectives of the high-need local educational agency in the eligible partnership; and
+
+(vi) implementing program and curriculum changes, as applicable, to ensure that prospective teachers have the requisite content knowledge, preparation, and degree to teach Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses successfully.
+
+(2) Clinical experience and interaction Developing and improving a sustained and high-quality preservice clinical education program to further develop the teaching skills of all prospective teachers and, as applicable, early childhood educators, involved in the program. Such program shall do the following:
+
+(A) Incorporate year-long opportunities for enrichment, including—
+
+(i) clinical learning in classrooms in high-need schools served by the high-need local educational agency in the eligible partnership, and identified by the eligible partnership; and
+
+(ii) closely supervised interaction between prospective teachers and faculty, experienced teachers, principals, other administrators, and school leaders at early childhood education programs (as applicable), elementary schools, or secondary schools, and providing support for such interaction.
+
+(B) Integrate pedagogy and classroom practice and promote effective teaching skills in academic content areas.
+
+(C) Provide high-quality teacher mentoring.
+
+(D) Be offered over the course of a program of teacher preparation.
+
+(E) Be tightly aligned with course work (and may be developed as a fifth year of a teacher preparation program).
+
+(F) Where feasible, allow prospective teachers to learn to teach in the same local educational agency in which the teachers will work, learning the instructional initiatives and curriculum of that local educational agency.
+
+(G) As applicable, provide training and experience to enhance the teaching skills of prospective teachers to better prepare such teachers to meet the unique needs of teaching in rural or urban communities.
+
+(H) Provide support and training for individuals participating in an activity for prospective or new teachers described in this paragraph or paragraph (1) or (3), and for individuals who serve as mentors for such teachers, based on each individual’s experience. Such support may include—
+
+(i) with respect to a prospective teacher or a mentor, release time for such individual’s participation;
+
+(ii) with respect to a faculty member, receiving course workload credit and compensation for time teaching in the eligible partnership’s activities; and
+
+(iii) with respect to a mentor, a stipend, which may include bonus, differential, incentive, or performance pay, based on the mentor’s extra skills and responsibilities.
+
+(3) Induction programs for new teachers Creating an induction program for new teachers or, in the case of an early childhood education program, providing mentoring or coaching for new early childhood educators.
+
+(4) Support and training for participants in early childhood education programs In the case of an eligible partnership focusing on early childhood educator preparation, implementing initiatives that increase compensation for early childhood educators who attain associate or baccalaureate degrees in early childhood education.
+
+(5) Teacher recruitment Developing and implementing effective mechanisms (which may include alternative routes to State certification of teachers) to ensure that the eligible partnership is able to recruit qualified individuals to become teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 612(a)(14)(C) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [20 U.S.C. 1412(a)(14)(C)] through the activities of the eligible partnership, which may include an emphasis on recruiting into the teaching profession—
+
+(A) individuals from under 11 So in original. Probably should be followed by a hyphen. represented populations;
+
+(B) individuals to teach in rural communities and teacher shortage areas, including mathematics, science, special education, and the instruction of limited English proficient students; and
+
+(C) mid-career professionals from other occupations, former military personnel, and recent college graduates with a record of academic distinction.
+
+(6) Literacy training Strengthening the literacy teaching skills of prospective and, as applicable, new elementary school and secondary school teachers—
+
+(A) to implement literacy programs that incorporate the essential components of reading instruction;
+
+(B) to use screening, diagnostic, formative, and summative assessments to determine students’ literacy levels, difficulties, and growth in order to improve classroom instruction and improve student reading and writing skills;
+
+(C) to provide individualized, intensive, and targeted literacy instruction for students with deficiencies in literacy skills; and
+
+(D) to integrate literacy skills in the classroom across subject areas.
+
+(e) Partnership grants for the establishment of teaching residency programs (1) In general An eligible partnership receiving a grant to carry out an effective teaching residency program shall carry out a program that includes all of the following activities:
+
+(A) Supporting a teaching residency program described in paragraph (2) for high-need subjects and areas, as determined by the needs of the high-need local educational agency in the partnership.
+
+(B) Placing graduates of the teaching residency program in cohorts that facilitate professional collaboration, both among graduates of the teaching residency program and between such graduates and mentor teachers in the receiving school.
+
+(C) Ensuring that teaching residents who participate in the teaching residency program receive—
+
+(i) effective preservice preparation as described in paragraph (2);
+
+(ii) teacher mentoring;
+
+(iii) support required through the induction program as the teaching residents enter the classroom as new teachers; and
+
+(iv) the preparation described in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of subsection (d)(2).
+
+(2) Teaching residency programs (A) Establishment and design A teaching residency program under this paragraph shall be a program based upon models of successful teaching residencies that serves as a mechanism to prepare teachers for success in the high-need schools in the eligible partnership, and shall be designed to include the following characteristics of successful programs:
+
+(i) The integration of pedagogy, classroom practice, and teacher mentoring.
+
+(ii) Engagement of teaching residents in rigorous graduate-level course work leading to a master’s degree while undertaking a guided teaching apprenticeship.
+
+(iii) Experience and learning opportunities alongside a trained and experienced mentor teacher—
+
+(I) whose teaching shall complement the residency program so that classroom clinical practice is tightly aligned with coursework;
+
+(II) who shall have extra responsibilities as a teacher leader of the teaching residency program, as a mentor for residents, and as a teacher coach during the induction program for new teachers, and for establishing, within the program, a learning community in which all individuals are expected to continually improve their capacity to advance student learning; and
+
+(III) who may be relieved from teaching duties as a result of such additional responsibilities.
+
+(iv) The establishment of clear criteria for the selection of mentor teachers based on measures of teacher effectiveness and the appropriate subject area knowledge. Evaluation of teacher effectiveness shall be based on, but not limited to, observations of the following:
+
+(I) Planning and preparation, including demonstrated knowledge of content, pedagogy, and assessment, including the use of formative and diagnostic assessments to improve student learning.
+
+(II) Appropriate instruction that engages students with different learning styles.
+
+(III) Collaboration with colleagues to improve instruction.
+
+(IV) Analysis of gains in student learning, based on multiple measures that are valid and reliable and that, when feasible, may include valid, reliable, and objective measures of the influence of teachers on the rate of student academic progress.
+
+(V) In the case of mentor candidates who will be mentoring new or prospective literacy and mathematics coaches or instructors, appropriate skills in the essential components of reading instruction, teacher training in literacy instructional strategies across core subject areas, and teacher training in mathematics instructional strategies, as appropriate.
+
+(v) Grouping of teaching residents in cohorts to facilitate professional collaboration among such residents.
+
+(vi) The development of admissions goals and priorities—
+
+(I) that are aligned with the hiring objectives of the local educational agency partnering with the program, as well as the instructional initiatives and curriculum of such agency, in exchange for a commitment by such agency to hire qualified graduates from the teaching residency program; and
+
+(II) which may include consideration of applicants who reflect the communities in which they will teach as well as consideration of individuals from underrepresented populations in the teaching profession.
+
+(vii) Support for residents, once the teaching residents are hired as teachers of record, through an induction program, professional development, and networking opportunities to support the residents through not less than the residents’ first two years of teaching.
+
+(B) Selection of individuals as teacher residents (i) Eligible individual In order to be eligible to be a teacher resident in a teaching residency program under this paragraph, an individual shall—
+
+(I) be a recent graduate of a four-year institution of higher education or a mid-career professional from outside the field of education possessing strong content knowledge or a record of professional accomplishment; and
+
+(II) submit an application to the teaching residency program.
+
+(ii) Selection criteria An eligible partnership carrying out a teaching residency program under this subsection shall establish criteria for the selection of eligible individuals to participate in the teaching residency program based on the following characteristics:
+
+(I) Strong content knowledge or record of accomplishment in the field or subject area to be taught.
+
+(II) Strong verbal and written communication skills, which may be demonstrated by performance on appropriate tests.
+
+(III) Other attributes linked to effective teaching, which may be determined by interviews or performance assessments, as specified by the eligible partnership.
+
+(C) Stipends or salaries; applications; agreements; repayments (i) Stipends or salaries A teaching residency program under this subsection shall provide a one-year living stipend or salary to teaching residents during the teaching residency program.
+
+(ii) Applications for stipends or salaries Each teacher residency candidate desiring a stipend or salary during the period of residency shall submit an application to the eligible partnership at such time, and containing such information and assurances, as the eligible partnership may require.
+
+(iii) Agreements to serve Each application submitted under clause (ii) shall contain or be accompanied by an agreement that the applicant will—
+
+(I) serve as a full-time teacher for a total of not less than three academic years immediately after successfully completing the teaching residency program;
+
+(II) fulfill the requirement under subclause (I) by teaching in a high-need school served by the high-need local educational agency in the eligible partnership and teach a subject or area that is designated as high need by the partnership;
+
+(III) provide to the eligible partnership a certificate, from the chief administrative officer of the local educational agency in which the resident is employed, of the employment required in subclauses (I) and (II) at the beginning of, and upon completion of, each year or partial year of service;
+
+(IV) meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 612(a)(14)(C) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [20 U.S.C. 1412(a)(14)(C)], when the applicant begins to fulfill the service obligation under this clause; and
+
+(V) comply with the requirements set by the eligible partnership under clause (iv) if the applicant is unable or unwilling to complete the service obligation required by this clause.
+
+(iv) Repayments (I) In general A grantee carrying out a teaching residency program under this paragraph shall require a recipient of a stipend or salary under clause (i) who does not complete, or who notifies the partnership that the recipient intends not to complete, the service obligation required by clause (iii) to repay such stipend or salary to the eligible partnership, together with interest, at a rate specified by the partnership in the agreement, and in accordance with such other terms and conditions specified by the eligible partnership, as necessary.
+
+(II) Other terms and conditions Any other terms and conditions specified by the eligible partnership may include reasonable provisions for pro-rata repayment of the stipend or salary described in clause (i) or for deferral of a teaching resident’s service obligation required by clause (iii), on grounds of health, incapacitation, inability to secure employment in a school served by the eligible partnership, being called to active duty in the Armed Forces of the United States, or other extraordinary circumstances.
+
+(III) Use of repayments An eligible partnership shall use any repayment received under this clause to carry out additional activities that are consistent with the purposes of this subsection.
+
+(f) Partnership grants for the development of leadership programs (1) In general An eligible partnership that receives a grant under this section may carry out an effective school leadership program, which may be carried out in partnership with a local educational agency located in a rural area and that shall include all of the following activities:
+
+(A) Preparing individuals enrolled or preparing to enroll in school leadership programs for careers as superintendents, principals, early childhood education program directors, or other school leaders (including individuals preparing to work in local educational agencies located in rural areas who may perform multiple duties in addition to the role of a school leader).
+
+(B) Promoting strong leadership skills and, as applicable, techniques for school leaders to effectively—
+
+(i) create and maintain a data-driven, professional learning community within the leader’s school;
+
+(ii) provide a climate conducive to the professional development of teachers, with a focus on improving student academic achievement and the development of effective instructional leadership skills;
+
+(iii) understand the teaching and assessment skills needed to support successful classroom instruction and to use data to evaluate teacher instruction and drive teacher and student learning;
+
+(iv) manage resources and school time to improve student academic achievement and ensure the school environment is safe;
+
+(v) engage and involve parents, community members, the local educational agency, businesses, and other community leaders, to leverage additional resources to improve student academic achievement; and
+
+(vi) understand how students learn and develop in order to increase academic achievement for all students.
+
+(C) Ensuring that individuals who participate in the school leadership program receive—
+
+(i) effective preservice preparation as described in subparagraph (D);
+
+(ii) mentoring; and
+
+(iii) if applicable, full State certification or licensure to become a school leader.
+
+(D) Developing and improving a sustained and high-quality preservice clinical education program to further develop the leadership skills of all prospective school leaders involved in the program. Such clinical education program shall do the following:
+
+(i) Incorporate year-long opportunities for enrichment, including—
+
+(I) clinical learning in high-need schools served by the high-need local educational agency or a local educational agency located in a rural area in the eligible partnership and identified by the eligible partnership; and
+
+(II) closely supervised interaction between prospective school leaders and faculty, new and experienced teachers, and new and experienced school leaders, in such high-need schools.
+
+(ii) Integrate pedagogy and practice and promote effective leadership skills, meeting the unique needs of urban, rural, or geographically isolated communities, as applicable.
+
+(iii) Provide for mentoring of new school leaders.
+
+(E) Creating an induction program for new school leaders.
+
+(F) Developing and implementing effective mechanisms to ensure that the eligible partnership is able to recruit qualified individuals to become school leaders through the activities of the eligible partnership, which may include an emphasis on recruiting into school leadership professions—
+
+(i) individuals from underrepresented populations;
+
+(ii) individuals to serve as superintendents, principals, or other school administrators in rural and geographically isolated communities and school leader shortage areas; and
+
+(iii) mid-career professionals from other occupations, former military personnel, and recent college graduates with a record of academic distinction.
+
+(2) Selection of individuals for the leadership program In order to be eligible for the school leadership program under this subsection, an individual shall be enrolled in or preparing to enroll in an institution of higher education, and shall—
+
+(A) be a—
+
+(i) recent graduate of an institution of higher education;
+
+(ii) mid-career professional from outside the field of education with strong content knowledge or a record of professional accomplishment;
+
+(iii) current teacher who is interested in becoming a school leader; or
+
+(iv) school leader who is interested in becoming a superintendent; and
+
+(B) submit an application to the leadership program.
+
+(g) Partnership with digital education content developer An eligible partnership that receives a grant under this section may use grant funds provided to carry out the activities described in subsection (d) or (e), or both, to partner with a television public broadcast station, as defined in section 397(6) of title 47, or another entity that develops digital educational content, for the purpose of improving the quality of pre-baccalaureate teacher preparation programs or to enhance the quality of preservice training for prospective teachers.
+
+(h) Evaluation and reporting The Secretary shall—
+
+(1) evaluate the programs assisted under this section; and
+
+(2) make publicly available a report detailing the Secretary’s evaluation of each such program.
+
+(i) Consultation (1) In general Members of an eligible partnership that receives a grant under this section shall engage in regular consultation throughout the development and implementation of programs and activities carried out under this section.
+
+(2) Regular communication To ensure timely and meaningful consultation as described in paragraph (1), regular communication shall occur among all members of the eligible partnership, including the high-need local educational agency. Such communication shall continue throughout the implementation of the grant and the assessment of programs and activities under this section.
+
+(3) Written consent The Secretary may approve changes in grant activities of a grant under this section only if the eligible partnership submits to the Secretary a written consent to such changes signed by all members of the eligible partnership.
+
+(j) Construction Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit an eligible partnership from using grant funds to coordinate with the activities of eligible partnerships in other States or on a regional basis through Governors, State boards of education, State educational agencies, State agencies responsible for early childhood education, local educational agencies, or State agencies for higher education.
+
+(k) Supplement, not supplant Funds made available under this section shall be used to supplement, and not supplant, other Federal, State, and local funds that would otherwise be expended to carry out activities under this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 202, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3133; amended Pub. L. 111–39, title II, § 201(2), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1936; Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, §§ 9214(c)(3), 9215(oo)(3), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2161, 2179.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (b)(4)(A), is Pub. L. 89–10, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 27, which is classified generally to chapter 70 (§ 6301 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6301 of this title and Tables. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(4)(A), is title VI of Pub. L. 91–230, Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 175, which is classified generally to chapter 33 (§ 1400 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1400 of this title and Tables.
+
+Prior ProvisionsPrior section 202 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1022 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–315. A prior section 202 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1022 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208. Another prior section 202 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1022 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.
+
+Amendments2015—Subsec. (b)(6)(E)(ii). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(oo)(3), substituted “challenging State academic standards under section 1111(b)(1) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965,” for “student academic achievement standards and academic content standards under section 1111(b)(1) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965,”. Subsec. (b)(6)(H). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(3)(A), substituted “teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 612(a)(14)(C) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act,” for “highly qualified teachers” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (d)(1)(A)(i)(I). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(3)(B)(i)(I), substituted “meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 612(a)(14)(C) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (including teachers in rural school districts, special educators, and teachers of students who are limited English proficient)” for “be highly qualified (including teachers in rural school districts who may teach multiple subjects, special educators, and teachers of students who are limited English proficient who may teach multiple subjects)”. Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(3)(B)(i)(II), substituted “meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 612(a)(14)(C) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, which may include training in multiple subjects to teach multiple grade levels as may be needed for individuals preparing to teach in rural communities and for individuals preparing to teach students with disabilities” for “become highly qualified, which may include training in multiple subjects to teach multiple grade levels as may be needed for individuals preparing to teach in rural communities and for individuals preparing to teach students with disabilities as described in section 602(10)(D) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act”. Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(3)(B)(ii), substituted “become teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 612(a)(14)(C) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act” for “become highly qualified teachers” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (e)(2)(C)(iii)(IV). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(3)(C), added subcl. (IV) and struck out former subcl. (IV) which read as follows: “meet the requirements to be a highly qualified teacher, as defined in section 9101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, or section 602 of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, when the applicant begins to fulfill the service obligation under this clause; and”. 2009—Subsec. (b)(6)(E)(ii). Pub. L. 111–39, § 201(2)(A), substituted “section 1111(b)(1)” for “section 1111(b)(2)”. Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 111–39, § 201(2)(B), struck out “pre-baccalaureate” before “preparation”. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 111–39, § 201(2)(C), substituted “the preparation” for “pre-baccalaureate preparation” in heading, added introductory provisions, and struck out former introductory provisions which read as follows: “An eligible partnership that receives a grant to carry out an effective program for the pre-baccalaureate preparation of teachers shall carry out a program that includes all of the following:”. Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 111–39, § 201(2)(D), in subpar. (A)(ii), substituted “leading to” for “to earn” and, in subpar. (C), struck out “one-year” before “teaching residency program” in cls. (i) and (iii)(I). Subsec. (i)(3). Pub. L. 111–39, § 201(2)(E), substituted “consent to” for “consent of”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2015 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1022b.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1022b"
+description: "Administrative provisions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1022b"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1022b"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1022b"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "3ba523ca6c729b96e199ac2d776361315ebd91542201ebfaa205e3affe2ec978"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "7d3f54b6d7e825349605004b0a968f7119fd6307d9a4c60b6392204e175a726b"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1022b - Administrative provisions
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Duration; number of awards; payments (1) Duration A grant awarded under this part shall be awarded for a period of five years.
+
+(2) Number of awards An eligible partnership may not receive more than one grant during a five-year period. Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to prohibit an individual member, that can demonstrate need, of an eligible partnership that receives a grant under this subchapter from entering into another eligible partnership consisting of new members and receiving a grant with such other eligible partnership before the five-year period described in the preceding sentence applicable to the eligible partnership with which the individual member has first partnered has expired.
+
+(b) Peer review (1) Panel The Secretary shall provide the applications submitted under this part to a peer review panel for evaluation. With respect to each application, the peer review panel shall initially recommend the application for funding or for disapproval.
+
+(2) Priority The Secretary, in funding applications under this part, shall give priority—
+
+(A) to eligible partnerships that include an institution of higher education whose teacher preparation program has a rigorous selection process to ensure the highest quality of students entering such program; and
+
+(B) (i) to applications from broad-based eligible partnerships that involve businesses and community organizations; or
+
+(ii) to eligible partnerships so that the awards promote an equitable geographic distribution of grants among rural and urban areas.
+
+(3) Secretarial selection The Secretary shall determine, based on the peer review process, which applications shall receive funding and the amounts of the grants. In determining grant amounts, the Secretary shall take into account the total amount of funds available for all grants under this part and the types of activities proposed to be carried out by the eligible partnership.
+
+(c) Matching requirements (1) In general Each eligible partnership receiving a grant under this part shall provide, from non-Federal sources, an amount equal to 100 percent of the amount of the grant, which may be provided in cash or in-kind, to carry out the activities supported by the grant.
+
+(2) Waiver The Secretary may waive all or part of the matching requirement described in paragraph (1) for any fiscal year for an eligible partnership if the Secretary determines that applying the matching requirement to the eligible partnership would result in serious hardship or an inability to carry out the authorized activities described in this part.
+
+(d) Limitation on administrative expenses An eligible partnership that receives a grant under this part may use not more than two percent of the funds provided to administer the grant.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 203, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3145.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 203 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1023 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–315. Another prior section 203 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1023 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208. Another prior section 203 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1023 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1022c.md

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1022c"
+description: "Accountability and evaluation"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1022c"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1022c"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1022c"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "521f7305dda70e7b2ceb102e4d7efa9800d648e3c95aade125a86352cb3c678e"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "d15082b5b8ea4eda51a9f93b3372684ee664f0cb818b1e24520e24fca1d67b34"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1022c - Accountability and evaluation
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Eligible partnership evaluation Each eligible partnership submitting an application for a grant under this part shall establish, and include in such application, an evaluation plan that includes strong and measurable performance objectives. The plan shall include objectives and measures for increasing—
+
+(1) achievement for all prospective and new teachers, as measured by the eligible partnership;
+
+(2) teacher retention in the first three years of a teacher’s career;
+
+(3) improvement in the pass rates and scaled scores for initial State certification or licensure of teachers; and
+
+(4) (A) the percentage of teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, hired by the high-need local educational agency participating in the eligible partnership;
+
+(B) the percentage of teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, hired by the high-need local educational agency who are members of underrepresented groups;
+
+(C) the percentage of teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, hired by the high-need local educational agency who teach high-need academic subject areas (such as reading, mathematics, science, and foreign language, including less commonly taught languages and critical foreign languages);
+
+(D) the percentage of teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, hired by the high-need local educational agency who teach in high-need areas (including special education, language instruction educational programs for limited English proficient students, and early childhood education);
+
+(E) the percentage of teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, hired by the high-need local educational agency who teach in high-need schools, disaggregated by the elementary school and secondary school levels;
+
+(F) as applicable, the percentage of early childhood education program classes in the geographic area served by the eligible partnership taught by early childhood educators who are highly competent; and
+
+(G) as applicable, the percentage of teachers trained—
+
+(i) to integrate technology effectively into curricula and instruction, including technology consistent with the principles of universal design for learning; and
+
+(ii) to use technology effectively to collect, manage, and analyze data to improve teaching and learning for the purpose of improving student academic achievement.
+
+(b) Information An eligible partnership receiving a grant under this part shall ensure that teachers, principals, school superintendents, faculty, and leadership at institutions of higher education located in the geographic areas served by the eligible partnership are provided information, including through electronic means, about the activities carried out with funds under this part.
+
+(c) Revised application If the Secretary determines that an eligible partnership receiving a grant under this part is not making substantial progress in meeting the purposes, goals, objectives, and measures of the grant, as appropriate, by the end of the third year of a grant under this part, then the Secretary—
+
+(1) shall cancel the grant; and
+
+(2) may use any funds returned or available because of such cancellation under paragraph (1) to—
+
+(A) increase other grant awards under this part; or
+
+(B) award new grants to other eligible partnerships under this part.
+
+(d) Evaluation and dissemination The Secretary shall evaluate the activities funded under this part and report the findings regarding the evaluation of such activities to the authorizing committees. The Secretary shall broadly disseminate—
+
+(1) successful practices developed by eligible partnerships under this part; and
+
+(2) information regarding such practices that were found to be ineffective.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 204, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3146; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, § 9214(c)(4), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2162.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 204 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1024 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–315. Another prior section 204 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1024 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.
+
+Amendments2015—Subsec. (a)(4)(A) to (E). Pub. L. 114–95 substituted “teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title,” for “highly qualified teachers”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2015 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1022d.md

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1022d"
+description: "Accountability for programs that prepare teachers"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1022d"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1022d"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1022d"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "dbedd930019103a635e86cc58e0ac7fcf762cecdd2a0207b2c9afc31c7514ead"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "f63a60b80dbf47926a8a42f43c3074052cc0d43ebebc701a6b26d41be3a115f9"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1022d - Accountability for programs that prepare teachers
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Institutional and program report cards on the quality of teacher preparation (1) Report card Each institution of higher education that conducts a traditional teacher preparation program or alternative routes to State certification or licensure program and that enrolls students receiving Federal assistance under this chapter shall report annually to the State and the general public, in a uniform and comprehensible manner that conforms with the definitions and methods established by the Secretary, the following:
+
+(A) Goals and assurances (i) For the most recent year for which the information is available for the institution—
+
+(I) whether the goals set under section 1022e of this title have been met; and
+
+(II) a description of the activities the institution implemented to achieve such goals.
+
+(ii) A description of the steps the institution is taking to improve its performance in meeting the annual goals set under section 1022e of this title.
+
+(iii) A description of the activities the institution has implemented to meet the assurances provided under section 1022e of this title.
+
+(B) Pass rates and scaled scores For the most recent year for which the information is available for those students who took the assessments used for teacher certification or licensure by the State in which the program is located and are enrolled in the traditional teacher preparation program or alternative routes to State certification or licensure program, and for those who have taken such assessments and have completed the traditional teacher preparation program or alternative routes to State certification or licensure program during the two-year period preceding such year, for each of such assessments—
+
+(i) the percentage of students who have completed 100 percent of the nonclinical coursework and taken the assessment who pass such assessment;
+
+(ii) the percentage of all students who passed such assessment;
+
+(iii) the percentage of students who have taken such assessment who enrolled in and completed the traditional teacher preparation program or alternative routes to State certification or licensure program, as applicable;
+
+(iv) the average scaled score for all students who took such assessment;
+
+(v) a comparison of the program’s pass rates with the average pass rates for programs in the State; and
+
+(vi) a comparison of the program’s average scaled scores with the average scaled scores for programs in the State.
+
+(C) Program information A description of—
+
+(i) the criteria for admission into the program;
+
+(ii) the number of students in the program (disaggregated by race, ethnicity, and gender);
+
+(iii) the average number of hours of supervised clinical experience required for those in the program;
+
+(iv) the number of full-time equivalent faculty and students in the supervised clinical experience; and
+
+(v) the total number of students who have been certified or licensed as teachers, disaggregated by subject and area of certification or licensure.
+
+(D) Statement In States that require approval or accreditation of teacher preparation programs, a statement of whether the institution’s program is so approved or accredited, and by whom.
+
+(E) Designation as low-performing Whether the program has been designated as low-performing by the State under section 1022f(a) of this title.
+
+(F) Use of technology A description of the activities, including activities consistent with the principles of universal design for learning, that prepare teachers to integrate technology effectively into curricula and instruction, and to use technology effectively to collect, manage, and analyze data in order to improve teaching and learning for the purpose of increasing student academic achievement.
+
+(G) Teacher training A description of the activities that prepare general education and special education teachers to teach students with disabilities effectively, including training related to participation as a member of individualized education program teams, as defined in section 1414(d)(1)(B) of this title, and to effectively teach students who are limited English proficient.
+
+(2) Report Each eligible partnership receiving a grant under section 1022a of this title shall report annually on the progress of the eligible partnership toward meeting the purposes of this part and the objectives and measures described in section 1022c(a) of this title.
+
+(3) Fines The Secretary may impose a fine not to exceed $27,500 on an institution of higher education for failure to provide the information described in this subsection in a timely or accurate manner.
+
+(4) Special rule In the case of an institution of higher education that conducts a traditional teacher preparation program or alternative routes to State certification or licensure program and has fewer than 10 scores reported on any single initial teacher certification or licensure assessment during an academic year, the institution shall collect and publish information, as required under paragraph (1)(B), with respect to an average pass rate and scaled score on each State certification or licensure assessment taken over a three-year period.
+
+(b) State report card on the quality of teacher preparation (1) In general Each State that receives funds under this chapter shall provide to the Secretary, and make widely available to the general public, in a uniform and comprehensible manner that conforms with the definitions and methods established by the Secretary, an annual State report card on the quality of teacher preparation in the State, both for traditional teacher preparation programs and for alternative routes to State certification or licensure programs, which shall include not less than the following:
+
+(A) A description of the reliability and validity of the teacher certification and licensure assessments, and any other certification and licensure requirements, used by the State.
+
+(B) The standards and criteria that prospective teachers must meet to attain initial teacher certification or licensure and to be certified or licensed to teach particular academic subjects, areas, or grades within the State.
+
+(C) A description of how the assessments and requirements described in subparagraph (A) are aligned with the challenging State academic standards required under section 6311(b)(1) of this title and, as applicable, State early learning standards for early childhood education programs.
+
+(D) For each of the assessments used by the State for teacher certification or licensure—
+
+(i) for each institution of higher education located in the State and each entity located in the State, including those that offer an alternative route for teacher certification or licensure, the percentage of students at such institution or entity who have completed 100 percent of the nonclinical coursework and taken the assessment who pass such assessment;
+
+(ii) the percentage of all such students at all such institutions and entities who have taken the assessment who pass such assessment;
+
+(iii) the percentage of students who have taken the assessment who enrolled in and completed a teacher preparation program; and
+
+(iv) the average scaled score of individuals participating in such a program, or who have completed such a program during the two-year period preceding the first year for which the annual State report card is provided, who took each such assessment.
+
+(E) A description of alternative routes to teacher certification or licensure in the State (including any such routes operated by entities that are not institutions of higher education), if any, including, for each of the assessments used by the State for teacher certification or licensure—
+
+(i) the percentage of individuals participating in such routes, or who have completed such routes during the two-year period preceding the date for which the determination is made, who passed each such assessment; and
+
+(ii) the average scaled score of individuals participating in such routes, or who have completed such routes during the two-year period preceding the first year for which the annual State report card is provided, who took each such assessment.
+
+(F) A description of the State’s criteria for assessing the performance of teacher preparation programs within institutions of higher education in the State. Such criteria shall include indicators of the academic content knowledge and teaching skills of students enrolled in such programs.
+
+(G) For each teacher preparation program in the State—
+
+(i) the criteria for admission into the program;
+
+(ii) the number of students in the program, disaggregated by race, ethnicity, and gender (except that such disaggregation shall not be required in a case in which the number of students in a category is insufficient to yield statistically reliable information or the results would reveal personally identifiable information about an individual student);
+
+(iii) the average number of hours of supervised clinical experience required for those in the program; and
+
+(iv) the number of full-time equivalent faculty, adjunct faculty, and students in supervised clinical experience.
+
+(H) For the State as a whole, and for each teacher preparation program in the State, the number of teachers prepared, in the aggregate and reported separately by—
+
+(i) area of certification or licensure;
+
+(ii) academic major; and
+
+(iii) subject area for which the teacher has been prepared to teach.
+
+(I) A description of the extent to which teacher preparation programs are addressing shortages of teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, by area of certification or licensure, subject, and specialty, in the State’s public schools.
+
+(J) The extent to which teacher preparation programs prepare teachers, including general education and special education teachers, to teach students with disabilities effectively, including training related to participation as a member of individualized education program teams, as defined in section 1414(d)(1)(B) of this title.
+
+(K) A description of the activities that prepare teachers to—
+
+(i) integrate technology effectively into curricula and instruction, including activities consistent with the principles of universal design for learning; and
+
+(ii) use technology effectively to collect, manage, and analyze data to improve teaching and learning for the purpose of increasing student academic achievement.
+
+(L) The extent to which teacher preparation programs prepare teachers, including general education and special education teachers, to effectively teach students who are limited English proficient.
+
+(2) Prohibition against creating a national list The Secretary shall not create a national list or ranking of States, institutions, or schools using the scaled scores provided under this subsection.
+
+(c) Data quality The Secretary shall prescribe regulations to ensure the reliability, validity, integrity, and accuracy of the data submitted pursuant to this section.
+
+(d) Report of the Secretary on the quality of teacher preparation (1) Report card The Secretary shall annually provide to the authorizing committees, and publish and make widely available, a report card on teacher qualifications and preparation in the United States, including all the information reported in subparagraphs (A) through (L) of subsection (b)(1). Such report shall identify States for which eligible partnerships received a grant under this part.
+
+(2) Report to Congress The Secretary shall prepare and submit a report to the authorizing committees that contains the following:
+
+(A) A comparison of States’ efforts to improve the quality of the current and future teaching force.
+
+(B) A comparison of eligible partnerships’ efforts to improve the quality of the current and future teaching force.
+
+(C) The national mean and median scaled scores and pass rate on any standardized test that is used in more than one State for teacher certification or licensure.
+
+(3) Special rule In the case of a teacher preparation program with fewer than ten scores reported on any single initial teacher certification or licensure assessment during an academic year, the Secretary shall collect and publish, and make publicly available, information with respect to an average pass rate and scaled score on each State certification or licensure assessment taken over a three-year period.
+
+(e) Coordination The Secretary, to the extent practicable, shall coordinate the information collected and published under this part among States for individuals who took State teacher certification or licensure assessments in a State other than the State in which the individual received the individual’s most recent degree.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 205, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3147; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, §§ 9214(c)(5), 9215(oo)(4), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2163, 2179.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 205 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1025 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–315. Another prior section 205 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1025 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.
+
+Amendments2015—Subsec. (b)(1)(C). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(oo)(4), substituted “are aligned with the challenging State academic standards required under section 6311(b)(1) of this title” for “are aligned with the State’s challenging academic content standards required under section 6311(b)(1) of this title”. Subsec. (b)(1)(I). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(5), substituted “teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title” for “highly qualified teachers”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2015 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1022e.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1022e"
+description: "Teacher development"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1022e"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1022e"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1022e"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "d6755dabcbeb8b4fdf77e3798a383c66070419bb431452d57159090156403705"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "f56b5b9f67e2a0e13256e5ac28eac355539e74ed53c63937b4d7a4f3fdcdf02b"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1022e - Teacher development
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Annual goals Each institution of higher education that conducts a traditional teacher preparation program (including programs that offer any ongoing professional development programs) or alternative routes to State certification or licensure program, and that enrolls students receiving Federal assistance under this chapter, shall set annual quantifiable goals for increasing the number of prospective teachers trained in teacher shortage areas designated by the Secretary or by the State educational agency, including mathematics, science, special education, and instruction of limited English proficient students.
+
+(b) Assurances Each institution described in subsection (a) shall provide assurances to the Secretary that—
+
+(1) training provided to prospective teachers responds to the identified needs of the local educational agencies or States where the institution’s graduates are likely to teach, based on past hiring and recruitment trends;
+
+(2) training provided to prospective teachers is closely linked with the needs of schools and the instructional decisions new teachers face in the classroom;
+
+(3) prospective special education teachers receive course work in core academic subjects and receive training in providing instruction in core academic subjects;
+
+(4) general education teachers receive training in providing instruction to diverse populations, including children with disabilities, limited English proficient students, and children from low-income families; and
+
+(5) prospective teachers receive training on how to effectively teach in urban and rural schools, as applicable.
+
+(c) Rule of construction Nothing in this section shall be construed to require an institution to create a new teacher preparation area of concentration or degree program or adopt a specific curriculum in complying with this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 206, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3152.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 206 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1026 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–315. Another prior section 206 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1026 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1022f.md

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1022f"
+description: "State functions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1022f"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1022f"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1022f"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "f501743dd472097ac1d9390a09d0ca6ba6939cb4bb4b3acf0b64e003655fd208"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "2ae20350e928951b1ceef7245ec9d1831ac36a9171a6948356074ff292d671c6"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1022f - State functions
+
+## Text
+
+(a) State assessment In order to receive funds under this chapter, a State shall conduct an assessment to identify low-performing teacher preparation programs in the State and to assist such programs through the provision of technical assistance. Each such State shall provide the Secretary with an annual list of low-performing teacher preparation programs and an identification of those programs at risk of being placed on such list, as applicable. Such assessment shall be described in the report under section 1022d(b) of this title. Levels of performance shall be determined solely by the State and may include criteria based on information collected pursuant to this part, including progress in meeting the goals of—
+
+(1) increasing the percentage of teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, in the State, including increasing professional development opportunities;
+
+(2) improving student academic achievement for elementary and secondary students; and
+
+(3) raising the standards for entry into the teaching profession.
+
+(b) Termination of eligibility Any teacher preparation program from which the State has withdrawn the State’s approval, or terminated the State’s financial support, due to the low performance of the program based upon the State assessment described in subsection (a)—
+
+(1) shall be ineligible for any funding for professional development activities awarded by the Department;
+
+(2) may not be permitted to accept or enroll any student who receives aid under subchapter IV in the institution’s teacher preparation program;
+
+(3) shall provide transitional support, including remedial services if necessary, for students enrolled at the institution at the time of termination of financial support or withdrawal of approval; and
+
+(4) shall be reinstated upon demonstration of improved performance, as determined by the State.
+
+(c) Negotiated rulemaking If the Secretary develops any regulations implementing subsection (b)(2), the Secretary shall submit such proposed regulations to a negotiated rulemaking process, which shall include representatives of States, institutions of higher education, and educational and student organizations.
+
+(d) Application of the requirements The requirements of this section shall apply to both traditional teacher preparation programs and alternative routes to State certification and licensure programs.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 207, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3152; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, § 9214(c)(6), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2163.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 207 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1027 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–315. Another prior section 207 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1027 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.
+
+Amendments2015—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 114–95 substituted “teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title,” for “highly qualified teachers”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2015 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1022g.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1022g"
+description: "General provisions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1022g"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1022g"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1022g"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "5b35c9989821df7dc74d6278b91eef9316d88556371b80552c9ed36cbfd99ce4"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "299948594a5a4196ebcd21db11394acd1afa68afec840d806a0b5d66e1fe6961"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1022g - General provisions
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Methods In complying with sections 1022d and 1022e of this title, the Secretary shall ensure that States and institutions of higher education use fair and equitable methods in reporting and that the reporting methods do not reveal personally identifiable information.
+
+(b) Special rule For each State that does not use content assessments as a means of ensuring that all teachers teaching in core academic subjects within the State meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, in accordance with the State plan submitted or revised under section 6311 of this title, and that each person employed as a special education teacher in the State who teaches elementary school or secondary school meets the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, the Secretary shall—
+
+(1) to the extent practicable, collect data comparable to the data required under this part from States, local educational agencies, institutions of higher education, or other entities that administer such assessments to teachers or prospective teachers; and
+
+(2) notwithstanding any other provision of this part, use such data to carry out requirements of this part related to assessments, pass rates, and scaled scores.
+
+(c) Release of information to teacher preparation programs (1) In general For the purpose of improving teacher preparation programs, a State that receives funds under this chapter, or that participates as a member of a partnership, consortium, or other entity that receives such funds, shall provide to a teacher preparation program, upon the request of the teacher preparation program, any and all pertinent education-related information that—
+
+(A) may enable the teacher preparation program to evaluate the effectiveness of the program’s graduates or the program itself; and
+
+(B) is possessed, controlled, or accessible by the State.
+
+(2) Content of information The information described in paragraph (1)—
+
+(A) shall include an identification of specific individuals who graduated from the teacher preparation program to enable the teacher preparation program to evaluate the information provided to the program from the State with the program’s own data about the specific courses taken by, and field experiences of, the individual graduates; and
+
+(B) may include—
+
+(i) kindergarten through grade 12 academic achievement and demographic data, without revealing personally identifiable information about an individual student, for students who have been taught by graduates of the teacher preparation program; and
+
+(ii) teacher effectiveness evaluations for teachers who graduated from the teacher preparation program.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 208, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3153; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, § 9214(c)(7), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2163.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 208 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1028 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–315. Another prior section 208 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1028 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.
+
+Amendments2015—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 114–95, in introductory provisions, substituted “meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification,” for “are highly qualified, as required under section 6319 of this title,” and “meets the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title” for “is highly qualified by the deadline, as required under section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2015 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1031.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1031"
+description: "Authorization of appropriations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1031"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1031"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1031"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "2840f4824b25ac464f273d38a9589d0319e412473d46ce56242ba80184dd5e3b"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "d5aa636ca5afd47085eff39a03dc6ba6f88dd9a1b6dce98a0893aa598494c188"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1031 - Authorization of appropriations
+
+## Text
+
+There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2009 and each of the five succeeding fiscal years.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 230, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3154.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1031, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 221, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1385; amended Pub. L. 99–498, title II, § 204(b)(1), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1289; Pub. L. 102–325, title II, § 201, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 469, authorized grants in accordance with former sections 1032 and 1033 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII, § 708(b)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–312. Another prior section 1031, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 221, as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 111(b)(3)(A), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 239, contained the grant authority for training and research programs, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374. Another prior section 1031, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 221, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1227; Pub. L. 90–575, title II, § 215, Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1037; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 111(a)(2), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 238, authorized appropriations of $15,000,000 for each fiscal year ending June 30, 1966, 1967, and 1968, and $11,800,000; $28,000,000; $38,000,000; and $12,000,000 for fiscal years ending June 30, 1969, 1970, 1971, and 1972, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 111(b)(3)(A), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 239.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1032.md

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1032"
+description: "Program authorized"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1032"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1032"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1032"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "8e11554e34366bbe6a94e8698b5fbf80f1d7251b6c7e65ee290f82af605d5b5f"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "90a46e9f24d7f7fcfdc0697e64ccbb6b15afa670eb9a78abba2bc24afa8d6f86"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1032 - Program authorized
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Program authority The Secretary is authorized to award grants to, or enter into contracts or cooperative agreements with, eligible consortia to pay the Federal share of the costs of projects to—
+
+(1) assist in the graduation of teacher candidates who are prepared to use modern information, communication, and learning tools to—
+
+(A) improve student learning, assessment, and learning management; and
+
+(B) help students develop learning skills to succeed in higher education and to enter the workforce;
+
+(2) strengthen and develop partnerships among the stakeholders in teacher preparation to transform teacher education and ensure technology-rich teaching and learning environments throughout a teacher candidate’s preservice education, including clinical experiences; and
+
+(3) assess the effectiveness of departments, schools, and colleges of education at institutions of higher education in preparing teacher candidates for successful implementation of technology-rich teaching and learning environments, including environments consistent with the principles of universal design for learning, that enable kindergarten through grade 12 students to develop learning skills to succeed in higher education and to enter the workforce.
+
+(b) Amount and duration A grant, contract, or cooperative agreement under this subpart—
+
+(1) shall be for not more than $2,000,000;
+
+(2) shall be for a three-year period; and
+
+(3) may be renewed for one additional year.
+
+(c) Non-Federal share requirement The Federal share of the cost of any project funded under this subpart shall not exceed 75 percent. The non-Federal share of the cost of such project may be provided in cash or in kind, fairly evaluated, including services.
+
+(d) Definition of eligible consortium In this subpart, the term “eligible consortium” means a consortium of members that includes the following:
+
+(1) Not less than one institution of higher education that awards baccalaureate or masters degrees and prepares teachers for initial entry into teaching.
+
+(2) Not less than one State educational agency or local educational agency.
+
+(3) A department, school, or college of education at an institution of higher education.
+
+(4) A department, school, or college of arts and sciences at an institution of higher education.
+
+(5) Not less than one entity with the capacity to contribute to the technology-related reform of teacher preparation programs, which may be a professional association, foundation, museum, library, for-profit business, public or private nonprofit organization, community-based organization, or other entity.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 231, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3154; amended Pub. L. 111–39, title II, § 201(3), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1936.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1032, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 222, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1385; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title II, § 201, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 469, related to library education and human resource development, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII, § 708(b)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–312. Another prior section 1032, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 222, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1227, defined the term “librarianship”, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 111(b)(3)(A), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 239. A prior section 231 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1041 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208. Another prior section 231 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1041 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374. Another prior section 231 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1041 of this title, prior to the general amendment of former part C of this subchapter by Pub. L. 94–482.
+
+Amendments2009—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 111–39 substituted “assist in the graduation of” for “serve graduate” in introductory provisions.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1032a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1032a"
+description: "Uses of funds"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1032a"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1032a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1032a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "8cff4cd90f6c1ef73a08b0d6cc9569ab88d0d43f76f87485104d5d45c8a4120f"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "5e508120611f679b92ae91d253e6ab4dc0e5549a296ea082eaf45b58f3ee8639"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1032a - Uses of funds
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In general An eligible consortium that receives a grant or enters into a contract or cooperative agreement under this subpart shall use funds made available under this subpart to carry out a project that—
+
+(1) develops long-term partnerships among members of the consortium that are focused on effective teaching with modern digital tools and content that substantially connect preservice preparation of teacher candidates with high-need schools; or
+
+(2) transforms the way departments, schools, and colleges of education teach classroom technology integration, including the principles of universal design, to teacher candidates.
+
+(b) Uses of funds for partnership grants In carrying out a project under subsection (a)(1), an eligible consortium shall—
+
+(1) provide teacher candidates, early in their preparation, with field experiences with technology in educational settings;
+
+(2) build the skills of teacher candidates to support technology-rich instruction, assessment and learning management in content areas, technology literacy, an understanding of the principles of universal design, and the development of other skills for entering the workforce;
+
+(3) provide professional development in the use of technology for teachers, administrators, and content specialists who participate in field placement;
+
+(4) provide professional development of technology pedagogical skills for faculty of departments, schools, and colleges of education and arts and sciences;
+
+(5) implement strategies for the mentoring of teacher candidates by members of the consortium with respect to technology implementation;
+
+(6) evaluate teacher candidates during the first years of teaching to fully assess outcomes of the project;
+
+(7) build collaborative learning communities for technology integration within the consortium to sustain meaningful applications of technology in the classroom during teacher preparation and early career practice; and
+
+(8) evaluate the effectiveness of the project.
+
+(c) Uses of funds for transformation grants In carrying out a project under subsection (a)(2), an eligible consortium shall—
+
+(1) redesign curriculum to require collaboration between the department, school, or college of education faculty and the department, school, or college of arts and sciences faculty who teach content or methods courses for training teacher candidates;
+
+(2) collaborate between the department, school, or college of education faculty and the department, school, or college of arts and science faculty and academic content specialists at the local educational agency to educate preservice teachers who can integrate technology and pedagogical skills in content areas;
+
+(3) collaborate between the department, school, or college of education faculty and the department, school, or college of arts and sciences faculty who teach courses to preservice teachers to—
+
+(A) develop and implement a plan for preservice teachers and continuing educators that demonstrates effective instructional strategies and application of such strategies in the use of digital tools to transform the teaching and learning process; and
+
+(B) better reach underrepresented preservice teacher populations with programs that connect such preservice teacher populations with applications of technology;
+
+(4) collaborate among faculty and students to create and disseminate case studies of technology applications in classroom settings with a goal of improving student academic achievement in high-need schools;
+
+(5) provide additional technology resources for preservice teachers to plan and implement technology applications in classroom settings that provide evidence of student learning; and
+
+(6) bring together expertise from departments, schools, or colleges of education, arts and science faculty, and academic content specialists at the local educational agency to share and disseminate technology applications in the classroom through teacher preparation and into early career practice.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 232, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3155.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 232 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1042 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208. Another prior section 232 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1042 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374. Another prior section 232 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1042 of this title, prior to the general amendment of former part C of this subchapter by Pub. L. 94–482.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1032b.md

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1032b"
+description: "Application requirements"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1032b"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1032b"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1032b"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "a861c97b4f6f52a8d4a5d7c4e561190e03aafd1e5084561a8b4ecf9b95ee3da2"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "26109e4dd1d21c8dcae93549539e1b9cc4a906569876b2f9479f09eef15b54f7"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1032b - Application requirements
+
+## Text
+
+To be eligible to receive a grant or enter into a contract or cooperative agreement under this subpart, an eligible consortium shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require. Such application shall include the following:
+
+(1) A description of the project to be carried out with the grant, including how the project will—
+
+(A) develop a long-term partnership focused on effective teaching with modern digital tools and content that substantially connects preservice preparation of teacher candidates with high-need schools; or
+
+(B) transform the way departments, schools, and colleges of education teach classroom technology integration, including the principles of universal design, to teacher candidates.
+
+(2) A demonstration of—
+
+(A) the commitment, including the financial commitment, of each of the members of the consortium for the proposed project; and
+
+(B) the support of the leadership of each organization that is a member of the consortium for the proposed project.
+
+(3) A description of how each member of the consortium will participate in the project.
+
+(4) A description of how the State educational agency or local educational agency will incorporate the project into the agency’s technology plan, if such a plan already exists.
+
+(5) A description of how the project will be continued after Federal funds are no longer available under this subpart for the project.
+
+(6) A description of how the project will incorporate—
+
+(A) State teacher technology standards; and
+
+(B) State student technology standards.
+
+(7) A plan for the evaluation of the project, which shall include benchmarks to monitor progress toward specific project objectives.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 233, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3157.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 233 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1043 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1032c.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1032c"
+description: "Evaluation"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1032c"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1032c"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1032c"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "6d10d2317135eac961ee722760b815835271afb7d04c844d3b1906382e48c8d8"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "4c8c975eafaf8bd09bda19bdfca28657200e39562ad8d3919ba81366ab04a7e4"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1032c - Evaluation
+
+## Text
+
+Not less than ten percent of the funds awarded to an eligible consortium to carry out a project under this subpart shall be used to evaluate the effectiveness of such project.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 234, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3157.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 234 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1044 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1033.md

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1033"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1033"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1033"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1033"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "e30aa1471234b69d487a1f7dd3ae17fe787fc5cd71ced89a44204c1065af58a5"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "35355c14cc5f00a5cefa449582dba80c81e311dbc459cac5d797552689709af6"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1033 - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+In this subpart:
+
+(1) Eligible institution The term “eligible institution” means—
+
+(A) an institution of higher education that has a teacher preparation program that is a qualified teacher preparation program and that is—
+
+(i) a part B institution (as defined in section 1061 of this title);
+
+(ii) a Hispanic-serving institution (as defined in section 1101a of this title);
+
+(iii) a Tribal College or University (as defined in section 1059c of this title);
+
+(iv) an Alaska Native-serving institution (as defined in section 1059d(b) of this title);
+
+(v) a Native Hawaiian-serving institution (as defined in section 1059d(b) of this title);
+
+(vi) a Predominantly Black Institution (as defined in section 1059e of this title);
+
+(vii) an Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institution (as defined in section 1059g(b) of this title); or
+
+(viii) a Native American-serving, nontribal institution (as defined in section 1059f of this title);
+
+(B) a consortium of institutions described in subparagraph (A); or
+
+(C) an institution described in subparagraph (A), or a consortium described in subparagraph (B), in partnership with any other institution of higher education, but only if the center of excellence established under section 1033a of this title is located at an institution described in subparagraph (A).
+
+(2) Scientifically based reading research The term “scientifically based reading research”—
+
+(A) means research that applies rigorous, systemic, and objective procedures to obtain valid knowledge relevant to reading development, reading instruction, and reading difficulties; and
+
+(B) includes research that—
+
+(i) employs systemic, empirical methods that draw on observation or experiment;
+
+(ii) involves rigorous data analyses that are adequate to test the stated hypotheses and justify the general conclusions drawn;
+
+(iii) relies on measurements or observational methods that provide valid data across evaluators and observers and across multiple measurements and observations; and
+
+(iv) has been accepted by a peer-reviewed journal or approved by a panel of independent experts through a comparably rigorous, objective, and scientific review.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 241, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3158; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, § 9215(oo)(5), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2179.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1033, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 223, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1385; amended Pub. L. 99–498, title II, § 205, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1289; Pub. L. 102–325, title II, § 201, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 470, authorized Secretary to make grants and enter into contracts for research and development projects, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII, § 708(b)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–312. Another prior section 1033, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 222, formerly § 223, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1227; Pub. L. 90–575, title II, § 216, Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1037, renumbered and amended Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 111(b)(3)(B)–(D), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 239, 240, related to grants for training in librarianship, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374. A prior section 241 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1047 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208. Another prior section 241 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1047 of this title, prior to the general amendment of former part D of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.
+
+Amendments2015—Par. (2). Pub. L. 114–95 added par. (2) and struck out former par. (2). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The term ‘scientifically based reading research’ has the meaning given such term in section 6368 of this title.”
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2015 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1033a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1033a"
+description: "Augustus F. Hawkins centers of excellence"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1033a"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1033a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1033a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "a69cd377459285a5824c79d3e4118b891fc3bd49772775515013d004028fc783"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "8537d16b8907bf4655a9154aabdfba08eca2b959a052e031c70f562de59b3293"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1033a - Augustus F. Hawkins centers of excellence
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Program authorized From the amounts appropriated to carry out this part, the Secretary is authorized to award competitive grants to eligible institutions to establish centers of excellence.
+
+(b) Use of funds Grants provided by the Secretary under this subpart shall be used to ensure that current and future teachers meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, by carrying out one or more of the following activities:
+
+(1) Implementing reforms within teacher preparation programs to ensure that such programs are preparing teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, are able to understand scientifically valid research, and are able to use advanced technology effectively in the classroom, including use of instructional techniques to improve student academic achievement, by—
+
+(A) retraining or recruiting faculty; and
+
+(B) designing (or redesigning) teacher preparation programs that—
+
+(i) prepare teachers to serve in low-performing schools and close student achievement gaps, and that are based on rigorous academic content, scientifically valid research (including scientifically based reading research and mathematics research, as it becomes available), and challenging State academic content standards and student academic achievement standards; and
+
+(ii) promote strong teaching skills.
+
+(2) Providing sustained and high-quality preservice clinical experience, including the mentoring of prospective teachers by exemplary teachers, substantially increasing interaction between faculty at institutions of higher education and new and experienced teachers, principals, and other administrators at elementary schools or secondary schools, and providing support, including preparation time, for such interaction.
+
+(3) Developing and implementing initiatives to promote retention of teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, and highly qualified principals, including minority teachers and principals, including programs that provide—
+
+(A) teacher or principal mentoring from exemplary teachers or principals, respectively; or
+
+(B) induction and support for teachers and principals during their first three years of employment as teachers or principals, respectively.
+
+(4) Awarding scholarships based on financial need to help students pay the costs of tuition, room, board, and other expenses of completing a teacher preparation program, not to exceed the cost of attendance.
+
+(5) Disseminating information on effective practices for teacher preparation and successful teacher certification and licensure assessment preparation strategies.
+
+(6) Activities authorized under section 1022a of this title.
+
+(c) Application Any eligible institution desiring a grant under this subpart shall submit an application to the Secretary at such a time, in such a manner, and accompanied by such information as the Secretary may require.
+
+(d) Minimum grant amount The minimum amount of each grant under this subpart shall be $500,000.
+
+(e) Limitation on administrative expenses An eligible institution that receives a grant under this subpart may use not more than two percent of the funds provided to administer the grant.
+
+(f) Regulations The Secretary shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to carry out this subpart.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 242, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3158; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, § 9214(c)(8), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2163.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 242 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1047a of this title, prior to the general amendment of former part D of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.
+
+Amendments2015—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(8)(A), substituted “meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title,” for “are highly qualified” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(8)(B), substituted “meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title,” for “are highly qualified,” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(8)(C), substituted “teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, and highly qualified principals” for “highly qualified teachers and principals” in introductory provisions.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2015 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1034.md

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1034"
+description: "Teach to reach grants"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1034"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1034"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1034"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "8f89d1c9cf1490d749a171d1a9c9f969a4c7b8110d1e081ef25e395347af8be0"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "6c295400f4184f842aeba26290d664b680517441808db6bba1637ddf0f68736d"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1034 - Teach to reach grants
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Authorization of program (1) In general The Secretary is authorized to award grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible partnerships to improve the preparation of general education teacher candidates to ensure that such teacher candidates possess the knowledge and skills necessary to effectively instruct students with disabilities in general education classrooms.
+
+(2) Duration of grants A grant under this section shall be awarded for a period of not more than five years.
+
+(3) Non-Federal share An eligible partnership that receives a grant under this section shall provide not less than 25 percent of the cost of the activities carried out with such grant from non-Federal sources, which may be provided in cash or in kind.
+
+(b) Definition of eligible partnership In this section, the term “eligible partnership” means a partnership that—
+
+(1) shall include—
+
+(A) one or more departments or programs at an institution of higher education—
+
+(i) that prepare elementary or secondary general education teachers;
+
+(ii) that have a program of study that leads to an undergraduate degree, a master’s degree, or completion of a postbaccalaureate program required for teacher certification; and
+
+(iii) the graduates of which meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title;
+
+(B) a department or program of special education at an institution of higher education;
+
+(C) a department or program at an institution of higher education that provides degrees in core academic subjects; and
+
+(D) a high-need local educational agency; and
+
+(2) may include a department or program of mathematics, earth or physical science, foreign language, or another department at the institution that has a role in preparing teachers.
+
+(c) Activities An eligible partnership that receives a grant under this section—
+
+(1) shall use the grant funds to—
+
+(A) develop or strengthen an undergraduate, postbaccalaureate, or master’s teacher preparation program by integrating special education strategies into the general education curriculum and academic content;
+
+(B) provide teacher candidates participating in the program under subparagraph (A) with skills related to—
+
+(i) response to intervention, positive behavioral interventions and supports, differentiated instruction, and data driven instruction;
+
+(ii) universal design for learning;
+
+(iii) determining and utilizing accommodations for instruction and assessments;
+
+(iv) collaborating with special educators, related services providers, and parents, including participation in individualized education program development and implementation; and
+
+(v) appropriately utilizing technology and assistive technology for students with disabilities; and
+
+(C) provide extensive clinical experience for participants described in subparagraph (B) with mentoring and induction support throughout the program that continues during the first two years of full-time teaching; and
+
+(2) may use grant funds to develop and administer alternate assessments of students with disabilities.
+
+(d) Application An eligible partnership seeking a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require. Such application shall include—
+
+(1) a self-assessment by the eligible partnership of the existing teacher preparation program at the institution of higher education and needs related to preparing general education teacher candidates to instruct students with disabilities; and
+
+(2) an assessment of the existing personnel needs for general education teachers who instruct students with disabilities, performed by the local educational agency in which most graduates of the teacher preparation program are likely to teach after completion of the program under subsection (c)(1).
+
+(e) Peer review The Secretary shall convene a peer review committee to review applications for grants under this section and to make recommendations to the Secretary regarding the selection of grantees. Members of the peer review committee shall be recognized experts in the fields of special education, teacher preparation, and general education and shall not be in a position to benefit financially from any grants awarded under this section.
+
+(f) Evaluations (1) By the partnership (A) In general An eligible partnership receiving a grant under this section shall conduct an evaluation at the end of the grant period to determine—
+
+(i) the effectiveness of the general education teachers who completed a program under subsection (c)(1) with respect to instruction of students with disabilities in general education classrooms; and
+
+(ii) the systemic impact of the activities carried out by such grant on how each institution of higher education that is a member of the partnership prepares teachers for instruction in elementary schools and secondary schools.
+
+(B) Report to the Secretary Each eligible partnership performing an evaluation under subparagraph (A) shall report the findings of such evaluation to the Secretary.
+
+(2) Report by the Secretary Not later than 180 days after the last day of the grant period under this section, the Secretary shall make available to Congress and the public the findings of the evaluations submitted under paragraph (1), and information on best practices related to effective instruction of students with disabilities in general education classrooms.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 251, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3159; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, § 9214(c)(9), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2163.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1034, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 224, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title II, § 201, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 470, required Secretary to consult with appropriate library and information science professional bodies in determining critical needs and priorities under former sections 1032 and 1033 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII, § 708(b)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–312. Another prior section 1034, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 224, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1385, authorized special purpose grants, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–498, title II, § 204(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1289. Another prior section 1034, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 223, formerly § 224, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1228, Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, § 401(h)(4), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 174, and renumbered Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 111(b)(3)(D), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 240, related to grants for research and demonstration projects, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374. A prior section 251 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1047j of this title, prior to the general amendment of former part D of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.
+
+Amendments2015—Subsec. (b)(1)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 114–95 substituted “meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title” for “are highly qualified”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2015 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1035.md

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1035"
+description: "Adjunct teacher corps"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1035"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1035"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1035"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "664e162f97420982f1026444a86295f8da2cc28fb13a5d33770a7a55929a2cec"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "1eb65ceaa0649f34fad6cf63c674402c3232dfca63333d3442b90c25710b7f69"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1035 - Adjunct teacher corps
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Purpose The purpose of this section is to create opportunities for professionals and other individuals with subject matter expertise in mathematics, science, or critical foreign languages to provide such subject matter expertise to secondary school students on an adjunct basis.
+
+(b) Program authorized The Secretary is authorized to award grants on a competitive basis to eligible entities to identify, recruit, and train qualified individuals with subject matter expertise in mathematics, science, or critical foreign languages to serve as adjunct content specialists.
+
+(c) Duration of grants The Secretary may award grants under this section for a period of not more than five years.
+
+(d) Eligible entity In this section, the term “eligible entity” means—
+
+(1) a local educational agency; or
+
+(2) a partnership consisting of a local educational agency, serving as a fiscal agent, and a public or private educational organization or business.
+
+(e) Uses of funds An eligible entity that receives a grant under this section is authorized to use such grant to carry out one or both of the following activities:
+
+(1) To develop the capacity of the eligible entity to identify, recruit, and train individuals with subject matter expertise in mathematics, science, or critical foreign languages who are not employed in the elementary and secondary education system (including individuals in business and government, and individuals who would participate through distance-learning arrangements) to become adjunct content specialists.
+
+(2) To provide preservice training and on-going professional development to adjunct content specialists.
+
+(f) Applications (1) Application required An eligible entity that desires a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require.
+
+(2) Contents An application submitted under paragraph (1) shall include—
+
+(A) a description of—
+
+(i) the need for, and expected benefits of using, adjunct content specialists in the schools served by the local educational agency, which may include information on the difficulty the local educational agency faces in recruiting qualified faculty in mathematics, science, and critical foreign language courses;
+
+(ii) measurable objectives for the activities supported by the grant, including the number of adjunct content specialists the eligible entity intends to place in schools and classrooms, and the gains in academic achievement expected as a result of the addition of such specialists;
+
+(iii) how the eligible entity will establish criteria for and recruit the most qualified individuals and public or private organizations and businesses to participate in the activities supported by the grant;
+
+(iv) how the eligible entity will provide preservice training and on-going professional development to adjunct content specialists to ensure that such specialists have the capacity to serve effectively;
+
+(v) how the eligible entity will use funds received under this section, including how the eligible entity will evaluate the success of the activities supported by the grant; and
+
+(vi) how the eligible entity will support and continue the activities supported by the grant after the grant has expired, including how such entity will seek support from other sources, such as State and local government and the private sector; and
+
+(B) an assurance that the use of adjunct content specialists will not result in the displacement or transfer of currently employed teachers nor a reduction in the number of overall teachers in the district.
+
+(g) Priorities In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall give priority to eligible entities that demonstrate in the application for such a grant a plan to—
+
+(1) serve the schools served by the local educational agency that have a large number or percentage of students performing below grade level in mathematics, science, or critical foreign language courses;
+
+(2) serve local educational agencies that have a large number or percentage of students from low-income families; and
+
+(3) recruit and train individuals to serve as adjunct content specialists in schools that have an insufficient number of teachers in mathematics, science, or critical foreign languages.
+
+(h) Matching requirement Each eligible entity that receives a grant under this section shall provide, from non-Federal sources, an amount equal to 100 percent of the amount of such grant (in cash or in kind) to carry out the activities supported by such grant.
+
+(i) Performance report Each eligible entity receiving a grant under this section shall prepare and submit to the Secretary a final report on the results of the activities supported by such grant, which shall contain such information as the Secretary may require, including any improvements in student academic achievement as a result of the use of adjunct content specialists.
+
+(j) Evaluation The Secretary shall evaluate the activities supported by grants under this section, including the impact of such activities on student academic achievement, and shall report the results of such evaluation to the authorizing committees.
+
+(k) Definition In this section, the term “adjunct content specialist” means an individual who—
+
+(1) meets the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title;
+
+(2) has demonstrated expertise in mathematics, science, or a critical foreign language, as determined by the local educational agency; and
+
+(3) is not the primary provider of instructional services to a student, unless the adjunct content specialist is under the direct supervision of a teacher who meets the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 255, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3161; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, § 9214(c)(10), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2164.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2015—Subsec. (k)(1). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(10)(A), added par. (1) and struck out former par. (1) which read as follows: “meets the requirements of section 7801(23)(B)(ii) of this title;”. Subsec. (k)(3). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(10)(B), substituted “teacher who meets the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title” for “teacher who meets the requirements of section 7801(23) of this title”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2015 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1036.md

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1036"
+description: "Graduate fellowships to prepare faculty in high-need areas at colleges of education"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1036"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1036"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1036"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "734c57f5ead53c68e5a6040bccb63935826daf87a035dd76a72030ab2371e859"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "b58d999c7959382f3b8027bfb8dd89ab5d11863931dc1542ae838ab49a237b44"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1036 - Graduate fellowships to prepare faculty in high-need areas at colleges of education
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Grants by Secretary The Secretary shall make grants to eligible institutions to enable such institutions to make graduate fellowship awards to qualified individuals in accordance with the provisions of this section.
+
+(b) Eligible institutions In this section, the term “eligible institution” means an institution of higher education, or a consortium of such institutions, that offers a program of postbaccalaureate study leading to a doctoral degree.
+
+(c) Applications An eligible institution that desires a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may reasonably require.
+
+(d) Types of fellowships supported (1) In general An eligible institution that receives a grant under this section shall use the grant funds to provide graduate fellowships to individuals who are preparing for the professorate in order to prepare individuals to become elementary school and secondary school mathematics and science teachers, special education teachers, and teachers who provide instruction for limited English proficient students, who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title.
+
+(2) Types of study A graduate fellowship provided under this section shall support an individual in pursuing postbaccalaureate study, which leads to a doctoral degree and may include a master’s degree as part of such study, related to teacher preparation and pedagogy in one of the following areas:
+
+(A) Science, technology, engineering, or mathematics, if the individual has completed a master’s degree in mathematics or science and is pursuing a doctoral degree in mathematics, science, or education.
+
+(B) Special education.
+
+(C) The instruction of limited English proficient students, including postbaccalaureate study in language instruction educational programs.
+
+(e) Fellowship terms and conditions (1) Selection of fellows The Secretary shall ensure that an eligible institution that receives a grant under this section—
+
+(A) shall provide graduate fellowship awards to individuals who plan to pursue a career in instruction at an institution of higher education that has a teacher preparation program; and
+
+(B) may not provide a graduate fellowship to an otherwise eligible individual—
+
+(i) during periods in which such individual is enrolled at an institution of higher education unless such individual is maintaining satisfactory academic progress in, and devoting full-time study or research to, the pursuit of the degree for which the fellowship support was provided; or
+
+(ii) if the individual is engaged in gainful employment, other than part-time employment related to teaching, research, or a similar activity determined by the institution to be consistent with and supportive of the individuals’s 11 So in original. Probably should be “individual’s”. progress toward the degree for which the fellowship support was provided.
+
+(2) Amount of fellowship awards (A) In general An eligible institution that receives a grant under this section shall award stipends to individuals who are provided graduate fellowships under this section.
+
+(B) Awards based on need A stipend provided under this section shall be in an amount equal to the level of support provided by the National Science Foundation graduate fellowships, except that such stipend shall be adjusted as necessary so as not to exceed the fellowship recipient’s demonstrated need, as determined by the institution of higher education where the fellowship recipient is enrolled.
+
+(3) Service requirement (A) Teaching required Each individual who receives a graduate fellowship under this section and earns a doctoral degree shall teach for one year at an institution of higher education that has a teacher preparation program for each year of fellowship support received under this section.
+
+(B) Institutional obligation Each eligible institution that receives a grant under this section shall provide an assurance to the Secretary that the institution has inquired of and determined the decision of each individual who has received a graduate fellowship to, within three years of receiving a doctoral degree, begin employment at an institution of higher education that has a teacher preparation program, as required by this section.
+
+(C) Agreement required Prior to receiving an initial graduate fellowship award, and upon the annual renewal of the graduate fellowship award, an individual selected to receive a graduate fellowship under this section shall sign an agreement with the Secretary agreeing to pursue a career in instruction at an institution of higher education that has a teacher preparation program in accordance with subparagraph (A).
+
+(D) Failure to comply If an individual who receives a graduate fellowship award under this section fails to comply with the agreement signed pursuant to subparagraph (C), the sum of the amounts of any graduate fellowship award received by such recipient shall, upon a determination of such a failure, be treated as a Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under part D of subchapter IV, and shall be subject to repayment, together with interest thereon accruing from the date of the fellowship award, in accordance with terms and conditions specified by the Secretary in regulations under this subpart.
+
+(E) Modified service requirement The Secretary may waive or modify the service requirement of this paragraph in accordance with regulations promulgated by the Secretary with respect to the criteria to determine the circumstances under which compliance with such service requirement is inequitable or represents a substantial hardship. The Secretary may waive the service requirement if compliance by the fellowship recipient is determined to be inequitable or represent a substantial hardship—
+
+(i) because the individual is permanently and totally disabled at the time of the waiver request; or
+
+(ii) based on documentation presented to the Secretary of substantial economic or personal hardship.
+
+(f) Institutional support for fellows An eligible institution that receives a grant under this section may reserve not more than ten percent of the grant amount for academic and career transition support for graduate fellowship recipients and for meeting the institutional obligation described in subsection (e)(3)(B).
+
+(g) Restriction on use of funds An eligible institution that receives a grant under this section may not use grant funds for general operational overhead of the institution.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 258, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3163; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, § 9214(c)(11), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2164.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2015—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 114–95 struck out “highly qualified” after “become” and inserted “, who meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title” before period at end.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2015 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1051.md

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1051"
+description: "Findings and purpose"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1051"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1051"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1051"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "3d54869035d926101985459bfa60c4e7de72840973bc4065be3446d6cd809243"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "5f3713f84e7ed1adb4668abed2cfeb6b609f73abf3284899d6a703b7ba6177fc"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1051 - Findings and purpose
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Findings The Congress finds that—
+
+(1) there are a significant number of institutions of higher education serving high percentages of minority students and students from low-income backgrounds, that face problems that threaten their ability to survive;
+
+(2) the problems relate to the management and fiscal operations of certain institutions of higher education, as well as to an inability to engage in long-range planning and development activities, including endowment building;
+
+(3) in order to be competitive and provide a high-quality education for all, institutions of higher education should improve their technological capacity and make effective use of technology;
+
+(4) the subchapter III program prior to 1985 did not always meet the specific development needs of historically Black colleges and universities and other institutions with large concentrations of minority, low-income students;
+
+(5) the solution of the problems of these institutions would enable them to become viable, fiscally stable and independent, thriving institutions of higher education;
+
+(6) providing assistance to eligible institutions will enhance the role of such institutions in providing access and quality education to low-income and minority students;
+
+(7) these institutions play an important role in the American system of higher education, and there is a strong national interest in assisting them in solving their problems and in stabilizing their management and fiscal operations, and in becoming financially independent; and
+
+(8) there is a particular national interest in aiding those institutions of higher education that have historically served students who have been denied access to postsecondary education because of race or national origin and whose participation in the American system of higher education is in the Nation’s interest so that equality of access and quality of postsecondary education opportunities may be enhanced for all students.
+
+(b) Purpose It is the purpose of this subchapter to assist such institutions in equalizing educational opportunity through a program of Federal assistance.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 301, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1290; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 301, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 472; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(a)(4), Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2457; Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 302, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1637.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1051, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 301, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title III, § 301, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1390, stated Congressional findings and purposes for program of providing Federal assistance to institutions of higher education, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. Another prior section 1051, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 301, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1229; Pub. L. 89–752, § 10, Nov. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 1243; Pub. L. 90–575, title II, §§ 221, 222, Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1038; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 121(a), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 241; Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 111, Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2091; Pub. L. 96–49, § 4, Aug. 13, 1979, 93 Stat. 351, related to a program of special assistance to strengthen the academic quality of developing institutions, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374. Prior sections 1052 to 1056 were omitted in the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374. Section 1052, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 302, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1229; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 121(a), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 241; Pub. L. 93–380, title VIII, § 832, Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 603; Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 112, Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 2091, related to eligibility for special assistance. Section 1053, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 303, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1230; Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, § 401(h)(4), Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 174; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 121(a), title III, § 301(a)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 242, 326, provided for the establishment of an Advisory Council on Developing Institutions. Section 1054, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 304, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1230; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 121(a), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 243, authorized the Commissioner of Education to make grants and awards. Section 1055, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 305, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1231; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 121(a), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 244, related to assistance to developing institutions under other programs. Section 1056, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 306, as added Pub L. 90–575, title II, § 223(a), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1038; amended Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 121(a), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 245, prohibited the use of funds for religious activities.
+
+Amendments1998—Pars. (3) to (8). Pub. L. 105–244 added par. (3) and redesignated former pars. (3) to (7) as (4) to (8), respectively. 1993—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 103–208 struck out the comma after “planning”. 1992—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 102–325, § 301(1), amended par. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (1) read as follows: “many institutions of higher education in this era of declining enrollments and scarce resources face problems which threaten their ability to survive;”. Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 102–325, § 301(2), struck out “recruitment activities,” after “long-range planning,”. Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 102–325, § 301(3), amended par. (5) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (5) read as follows: “providing a minimum level of assistance to all categories of eligible institutions will assure the continued participation of the institutions in the program established in this subchapter and enhance their role in providing access and quality education to low-income and minority students;”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1993 AmendmentPub. L. 103–208, § 5, Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2488, provided that: “(a) In general.—Except as otherwise provided therein or in subsection (b) of this section, the amendments made by section 2 of this Act [see Tables for classification] shall be effective as if such amendments were included in the Higher Education Amendments of 1992 (Public Law 102–325), except that section 492 of the Act [section 1098a of this title] shall not apply to the amendments made by this Act [see Tables for classification]. “(b) Exceptions.—“(1) Effective on October 1, 1993.—The amendments made by the following subsections of section 2 of this Act shall be effective on and after October 1, 1993: (b)(29), (j)(28), (j)(36), and (j)(40) [amending sections 1070d–34, 1134e, 1134j, and 1134q of this title]. “(2) Effective on date of enactment.—The amendments made by the following subsections of section 2 of this Act shall be effective on and after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 20, 1993]: (b)(2), (b)(7), (b)(28), (c)(3), (c)(5), (c)(13)(B), (c)(13)(C), (c)(18), (c)(30), (c)(62) [amending sections 1070a, 1070a–11, 1070d–33, 1075, 1077a, 1078, 1078–1, and 1085 of this title]. “(3) Effective 30 days after enactment.—The amendments made by the following subsections of section 2 of this Act shall be effective on and after 30 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 20, 1993]: (c)(19), (c)(20), (c)(21), (c)(59) [amending sections 1078 and 1085 of this title]. “(4) Effective 60 days after enactment.—The amendments made by the following subsections of section 2 of this Act shall be effective on and after 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 20, 1993]: (c)(31) and (c)(53) [amending sections 1078–1 and 1083 of this title]. “(5) Effective on April 1, 1994.—The amendments made by section 2(c)(43)(B) of this Act [amending section 1078–8 of this title] shall be effective on and after April 1, 1994. “(6) Effective on July 1, 1994.—The amendments made by the following subsection[s] of section 2 of this Act shall be effective on and after July 1, 1994: (b)(25), (c)(2), (c)(13)(A), (c)(29) [amending sections 1070b–2, 1075, 1078, and 1078–1 of this title]. “(7) Cohort default data examinations.—The amendment made by section 2(c)(60)(A) [amending section 1085 of this title] shall be effective on and after October 1, 1994. “(8) Cohort default rate determinations.—The amendments made to subsection[s] (a)(3) and (m)(1)(B) of section 435 of this [the] Act [section 1085(a)(3) and (m)(1)(B) of this title] shall apply with respect to the determination (and appeals from determinations) of cohort default rates for fiscal year 1989 and any succeeding fiscal year.”
+
+Effective Date of 1992 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 102–325 effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective DatePub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(b), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1308, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [enacting this subchapter] shall take effect July 1, 1987.”

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1057.md

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1057"
+description: "Program purpose"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1057"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1057"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1057"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "94808533a103b75667dbff62e2f68797072874c6fa89816bba82ae7fa17c3fe4"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "9242e37e2830038337a2b191d0203a4600032191a77ecaee40bec76b25da3ce3"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1057 - Program purpose
+
+## Text
+
+(a) General authorization The Secretary shall carry out a program, in accordance with this part, to improve the academic quality, institutional management, and fiscal stability of eligible institutions, in order to increase their self-sufficiency and strengthen their capacity to make a substantial contribution to the higher education resources of the Nation.
+
+(b) Grants awarded; special consideration (1) From the sums available for this part under section 1068h(a)(1) of this title, the Secretary may award grants to any eligible institution with an application approved under section 1068 of this title in order to assist such an institution to plan, develop, or implement activities that promise to strengthen the institution.
+
+(2) Special consideration shall be given to any eligible institution—
+
+(A) which has endowment funds (other than any endowment fund built under section 1065 of this title as in effect on September 30, 1986, and under part B) the market value of which, per full-time equivalent student, is less than the average current market value of the endowment funds, per full-time equivalent student (other than any endowment fund built under section 1065 of this title as in effect on September 30, 1986, and under part B) at similar institutions; or
+
+(B) which has expenditures per full-time equivalent student for library materials which is less than the average of the expenditures for library materials per full-time equivalent student by other similarly situated institutions.
+
+(3) Special consideration shall be given to applications which propose, pursuant to the institution’s plan, to engage in—
+
+(A) faculty development;
+
+(B) funds and administrative management;
+
+(C) development and improvement of academic programs;
+
+(D) acquisition of equipment for use in strengthening funds management and academic programs;
+
+(E) joint use of facilities such as libraries and laboratories; and
+
+(F) student services, including services that will assist in the education of special populations.
+
+(c) Authorized activities Grants awarded under this section shall be used for 1 or more of the following activities:
+
+(1) Purchase, rental, or lease of scientific or laboratory equipment for educational purposes, including instructional and research purposes.
+
+(2) Construction, maintenance, renovation, and improvement in classrooms, libraries, laboratories, and other instructional facilities, including the integration of computer technology into institutional facilities to create smart buildings.
+
+(3) Support of faculty exchanges, faculty development, and faculty fellowships to assist in attaining advanced degrees in the field of instruction of the faculty.
+
+(4) Development and improvement of academic programs.
+
+(5) Purchase of library books, periodicals, and other educational materials, including telecommunications program material.
+
+(6) Tutoring, counseling, and student service programs designed to improve academic success, including innovative, customized, instruction courses designed to help retain students and move the students rapidly into core courses and through program completion, which may include remedial education and English language instruction.
+
+(7) Education or counseling services designed to improve the financial literacy and economic literacy of students or the students’ families.
+
+(8) Funds management, administrative management, and acquisition of equipment for use in strengthening funds management.
+
+(9) Joint use of facilities, such as laboratories and libraries.
+
+(10) Establishing or improving a development office to strengthen or improve contributions from alumni and the private sector.
+
+(11) Establishing or improving an endowment fund.
+
+(12) Creating or improving facilities for Internet or other distance education technologies, including purchase or rental of telecommunications technology equipment or services.
+
+(13) Other activities proposed in the application submitted pursuant to subsection (b) and section 1068 of this title that—
+
+(A) contribute to carrying out the purposes of the program assisted under this part; and
+
+(B) are approved by the Secretary as part of the review and acceptance of such application.
+
+(d) Endowment fund (1) In general An eligible institution may use not more than 20 percent of the grant funds provided under this part to establish or increase an endowment fund at such institution.
+
+(2) Matching requirement In order to be eligible to use grant funds in accordance with paragraph (1), the eligible institution shall provide matching funds from non-Federal sources, in an amount equal to or greater than the Federal funds used in accordance with paragraph (1), for the establishment or increase of the endowment fund.
+
+(3) Comparability The provisions of part C, regarding the establishment or increase of an endowment fund, that the Secretary determines are not inconsistent with this subsection, shall apply to funds used under paragraph (1).
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 311, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1291; amended Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(1), June 3, 1987, 101 Stat. 335; Pub. L. 105–244, title III, §§ 301(c)(1), 303(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, 1638; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 301, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3166.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1057, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 311, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title III, § 301, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1391, enumerated purposes and established grant authority for program to strengthen eligible institutions, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 110–315, § 301(1)(A), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 1068 of this title. Subsec. (b)(3)(F). Pub. L. 110–315, § 301(1)(B), inserted “, including services that will assist in the education of special populations” before period at end. Subsec. (c)(6). Pub. L. 110–315, § 301(2)(A), inserted “, including innovative, customized, instruction courses designed to help retain students and move the students rapidly into core courses and through program completion, which may include remedial education and English language instruction” before period at end. Subsec. (c)(7) to (13). Pub. L. 110–315, § 301(2)(B)–(E), added par. (7), redesignated former pars. (7) to (12) as pars. (8) to (13), respectively, in par. (12), substituted “distance education technologies” for “distance learning academic instruction capabilities” and, in introductory provisions of par. (13), substituted “subsection (b) and section 1068 of this title” for “subsection (c)”. 1998—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(1), substituted “section 1068h(a)(1)” for “section 1069f(a)(1)”. Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 105–244, § 303(a), added subsecs. (c) and (d). 1987—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 100–50 substituted “section 1069f(a)(1) of this title” for “section 1069d(a)(1) of this title”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–50 effective as if enacted as part of the Higher Education Amendments of 1986, Pub. L. 99–498, see section 27 of Pub. L. 100–50, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1058.md

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1058"
+description: "Definitions; eligibility"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1058"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1058"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1058"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "944c1b8e94248bc080d19dd093a3c6c666840f493ddf7e171bebd04e77d793ad"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "1758ec8503352e699f2ffcbdc039e06a4b9f27f91a6edfe274027db0b0646ef5"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1058 - Definitions; eligibility
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Educational and general expenditures For the purpose of this part, the term “educational and general expenditures” means the total amount expended by an institution of higher education for instruction, research, public service, academic support (including library expenditures), student services, institutional support, scholarships and fellowships, operation and maintenance expenditures for the physical plant, and any mandatory transfers which the institution is required to pay by law.
+
+(b) Eligible institution For the purpose of this part, the term “eligible institution” means—
+
+(1) an institution of higher education—
+
+(A) which has an enrollment of needy students as required by subsection (d);
+
+(B) except as provided in section 1068a(b) of this title, the average educational and general expenditures of which are low, per full-time equivalent undergraduate student, in comparison with the average educational and general expenditures per full-time equivalent undergraduate student of institutions that offer similar instruction;
+
+(C) which is—
+
+(i) legally authorized to provide, and provides within the State, an educational program for which such institution awards a bachelor’s degree;
+
+(ii) a junior or community college; or
+
+(iii) the College of the Marshall Islands, the College of Micronesia/Federated States of Micronesia, and Palau Community College;
+
+(D) which is accredited by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or association determined by the Secretary to be reliable authority as to the quality of training offered or which is, according to such an agency or association, making reasonable progress toward accreditation;
+
+(E) which meets such other requirements as the Secretary may prescribe; and
+
+(F) located in a State; and
+
+(2) any branch of any institution of higher education described under paragraph (1) which by itself satisfies the requirements contained in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of such paragraph.
+
+For purposes of the determination of whether an institution is an eligible institution under this paragraph,11 So in original. Probably should be “subsection,”. the factor described under paragraph (1)(A) shall be given twice the weight of the factor described under paragraph (1)(B).
+
+(c) Endowment fund For the purpose of this part, the term “endowment fund” means a fund that—
+
+(1) is established by State law, by an institution of higher education, or by a foundation that is exempt from Federal income taxation;
+
+(2) is maintained for the purpose of generating income for the support of the institution; and
+
+(3) does not include real estate.
+
+(d) Enrollment of needy students Except as provided in section 1059e(b) of this title, for the purpose of this part, the term “enrollment of needy students” means an enrollment at an institution of higher education or a junior or community college which includes—
+
+(1) at least 50 percent of the degree students so enrolled who are receiving need-based assistance under subchapter IV of this chapter in the second fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which the determination is being made (other than loans for which an interest subsidy is paid pursuant to section 1078 of this title), or
+
+(2) a substantial percentage of students receiving Pell Grants in the second fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which determination is being made, in comparison with the percentage of students receiving Pell Grants at all such institutions in the second fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which the determination is made, unless the requirement of this paragraph is waived under section 1068a(a) of this title.
+
+(e) Full-time equivalent students For the purpose of this part, the term “full-time equivalent students” means the sum of the number of students enrolled full time at an institution, plus the full-time equivalent of the number of students enrolled part time (determined on the basis of the quotient of the sum of the credit hours of all part-time students divided by 12) at such institution.
+
+(f) Junior or community college For the purpose of this part, the term “junior or community college” means an institution of higher education—
+
+(1) that admits as regular students persons who are beyond the age of compulsory school attendance in the State in which the institution is located and who have the ability to benefit from the training offered by the institution;
+
+(2) that does not provide an educational program for which it awards a bachelor’s degree (or an equivalent degree); and
+
+(3) that—
+
+(A) provides an educational program of not less than 2 years that is acceptable for full credit toward such a degree, or
+
+(B) offers a 2-year program in engineering, mathematics, or the physical or biological sciences, designed to prepare a student to work as a technician or at the semiprofessional level in engineering, scientific, or other technological fields requiring the understanding and application of basic engineering, scientific, or mathematical principles of knowledge.
+
+(g) Low-income individual For the purpose of this part, the term “low-income individual” means an individual from a family whose taxable income for the preceding year did not exceed 150 percent of an amount equal to the poverty level determined by using criteria of poverty established by the Bureau of the Census.
+
+(h) Historically black college or university For the purposes of this section, no historically black college or university which is eligible for and receives funds under part B of this subchapter is eligible for or may receive funds under this part.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 312, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1292; amended Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(2)–(6), June 3, 1987, 101 Stat. 335; Pub. L. 100–369, § 10(a), July 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 837; Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 302(a), (b), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 472; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(a)(5), Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2457; Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 353, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3966; Pub. L. 105–244, title III, §§ 301(c)(2), 303(b), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, 1639; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, §§ 302, 305(b), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3167, 3173.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1058, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 312, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title III, § 301, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1391, defined terms used in this subchapter, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 110–315, § 302(1), substituted “subsection (d)” for “subsection (c) of this section”. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 110–315, § 305(b), substituted “Except as provided in section 1059e(b) of this title, for the purpose” for “For the purpose” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 110–315, § 302(2), substituted “paragraph” for “subdivision”. Subsecs. (g), (h). Pub. L. 110–315, § 302(3), (4), added subsec. (g) and redesignated former subsec. (g) as (h). 1998—Subsec. (b)(1)(B). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(2)(A), substituted “section 1068a(b)” for “section 1067(b)”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 105–244, § 303(b)(2), added subsec. (c). Former subsec. (c) redesignated (d). Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(2)(B), substituted “section 1068a(a)” for “section 1067(a)”. Subsecs. (d) to (g). Pub. L. 105–244, § 303(b)(1), redesignated subsecs. (c) to (f) as (d) to (g), respectively. 1994—Subsec. (b)(1)(C). Pub. L. 103–382, § 353(1), amended subpar. (C) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (C) read as follows: “(C)(i) which is legally authorized to provide, and provides within the State, an educational program for which it awards a bachelor’s degree, or (ii) which is a junior or community college;”. Subsec. (b)(1)(F). Pub. L. 103–382, § 353(2), (3), added subpar. (F). 1993—Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 103–208 inserted “the” after “such institutions in”. 1992—Subsec. (b)(1), (2). Pub. L. 102–325, § 302(a)(1), (2), inserted “and” at end of subpar. (D), struck out subpar. (E), redesignated subpar. (F) as (E) and inserted “and” at end, and substituted period for semicolon at end of par. (2). Prior to amendment, subpar. (E) of par. (1) read as follows: “except as provided in section 1067(b) of this title which has, during the 5 academic years preceding the academic year for which it seeks assistance under this part— “(i) met the requirement of either subparagraph (C)(i) or (C)(ii), or of both such subparagraphs (simultaneously or consecutively); and “(ii) met the requirement of subparagraph (D); and”. Subsec. (b)(3) to (5). Pub. L. 102–325, § 302(a)(3), struck out pars. (3) to (5) which read as follows: “(3) any institution of higher education which has an enrollment of which at least 20 percent are Mexican American, Puerto Rican, Cuban, or other Hispanic students, or combination thereof, and which also satisfies the requirements of subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), and (D) of paragraph (1); “(4) any institution of higher education which has an enrollment of at least 60 percent American Indian, or in the case of Alaska natives, an enrollment of at least 5 percent, and which also satisfies the requirements of subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), and (D) of paragraph (1); and “(5) any institution of higher education which has an enrollment of which at least 5 percent are Native Hawaiian, Asian American, American Samoan, Micronesian, Guamian (Chamorro), and Northern Marianian, or any combination thereof, and which also satisfies the requirements of subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), and (D) of paragraph (1).” Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 102–325, § 302(b), substituted “second fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which the determination is made, unless the requirement” for “second preceding fiscal year, unless the requirement”. 1988—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 100–369 added subsec. (f). 1987—Subsec. (b)(1)(C), (D). Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(2)(A), inserted “which” before “is” wherever appearing. Subsec. (b)(1)(E). Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(2)(B), inserted “which” before “has”. Subsec. (b)(1)(F). Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(2)(C), inserted “which” before “meets”. Subsec. (b)(3), (5). Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(3), (4), substituted “subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), and (D)” for “subparagraphs (A) and (B)”. Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(5), inserted “in the second fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which the determination is being made” after “chapter 34 of title 42”. Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(6), substituted “fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which determination is being made” for “preceding fiscal year” and “second preceding fiscal year” for “such fiscal year”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1993 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 103–208 effective as if included in the Higher Education Amendments of 1992, Pub. L. 102–325, except as otherwise provided, see section 5(a) of Pub. L. 103–208, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1992 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 102–325 effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–50 effective as if enacted as part of the Higher Education Amendments of 1986, Pub. L. 99–498, see section 27 of Pub. L. 100–50, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1059.md

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1059"
+description: "Duration of grant"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1059"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1059"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1059"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "2555b74ba5a33f8c02d07f53815e757b6acc92137e352865a77398d4f56c0001"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "6048cfdb6308e7b979ef1ca7482cdac60991a7139858864112d38471962554a1"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1059 - Duration of grant
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Award period The Secretary may award a grant to an eligible institution under this part for 5 years.
+
+(b) Limitations In awarding grants under this part the Secretary shall give priority to applicants who are not already receiving a grant under this part, except that for the purpose of this subsection a grant under subsection (c) and a grant under section 1068c(a)(1) of this title shall not be considered a grant under this part.
+
+(c) Planning grants Notwithstanding subsection (a), the Secretary may award a grant to an eligible institution under this part for a period of one year for the purpose of preparation of plans and applications for a grant under this part.
+
+(d) Wait-out-period Each eligible institution that received a grant under this part for a 5-year period shall not be eligible to receive an additional grant under this part until 2 years after the date on which the 5-year grant period terminates.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 313, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1294; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 302(c), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 472; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(a)(6), Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2457; Pub. L. 105–244, title III, §§ 301(c)(3), 303(c), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1637, 1639.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1059, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 313, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title III, § 301, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1392, provided for duration of grants under this part, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.
+
+Amendments1998—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–244, § 303(c)(1), inserted “subsection (c) and a grant under” after “this subsection a grant under”. Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(3), substituted “section 1068c(a)(1)” for “section 1069(a)(1)”. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–244, § 303(c)(2), added subsec. (d). 1993—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–208 inserted before period at end “, except that for the purpose of this subsection a grant under section 1069(a)(1) of this title shall not be considered a grant under this part”. 1992—Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 102–325 amended subsecs. (a) and (b) generally, substituting present provisions for provisions which related: in subsec. (a), to the awarding of grants for not to exceed 3, 4, or 5 years; and in subsec. (b), to waiting periods for awarding of subsequent grants.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1993 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 103–208 effective as if included in the Higher Education Amendments of 1992, Pub. L. 102–325, except as otherwise provided, see section 5(a) of Pub. L. 103–208, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1992 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 102–325 effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1059a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1059a"
+description: "Applications"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1059a"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1059a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1059a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "faf98218f890e4daddf12effecd81fe6356ea6f04701b74a373db2ced5fc0f2c"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "e5a9e0e69b385b0bac8da0023234fe016c30d0cae77b150251a0876a852f5c83"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1059a - Applications
+
+## Text
+
+Each eligible institution desiring to receive assistance under this part shall submit an application in accordance with the requirements of section 1068 of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 314, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 303(d), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1639.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1059a, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 314, as added Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(b), June 3, 1987, 101 Stat. 336, related to application review process, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–244, § 3, title III, § 303(d), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1585, 1639, effective Oct. 1, 1998.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as an Effective Date of 1998 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1059b.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1059b"
+description: "Goals for financial management and academic program"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1059b"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1059b"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1059b"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "41adab3142ee01dbb39f24ddd426a89721ed206ca8b0d7c74890db4db118e3a2"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "e6e2edefd88d4add3753e46d12cf89948affd438180ec19f9c6a813382a60f67"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1059b - Goals for financial management and academic program
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Goals Any application for a grant under this part shall describe measurable goals for the institution’s financial management and academic programs, and include a plan of how the applicant intends to achieve those goals.
+
+(b) Continuation requirements Any continuation application shall demonstrate the progress made toward achievement of the goals described pursuant to subsection (a).
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 315, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 302(d)(1), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 472.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as an Effective Date of 1992 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1059c.md

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1059c"
+description: "American Indian tribally controlled colleges and universities"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1059c"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1059c"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1059c"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "867f362caa664d66ae528c0660dcbadf9f284b73319946f4b538d6104965fef0"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "fb8a17a0a20812e8a73b88b1af4be26dc924c8a977a1fcccb2c42090188c29f1"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1059c - American Indian tribally controlled colleges and universities
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Program authorized The Secretary shall provide grants and related assistance to Tribal Colleges and Universities to enable such institutions to improve and expand their capacity to serve Indian students.
+
+(b) Definitions In this section:
+
+(1) Indian The term “Indian” has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities Assistance Act of 1978 [25 U.S.C. 1801].
+
+(2) Indian tribe The term “Indian tribe” has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities Assistance Act of 1978 [25 U.S.C. 1801].
+
+(3) Tribal College or University The term “Tribal College or University” means an institution that—
+
+(A) qualifies for funding under the Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities Assistance Act of 1978 (25 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) or the Navajo Community College Act (25 U.S.C. 640a note); 11 See References in Text note below. or
+
+(B) is cited in section 532 of the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note).
+
+(4) Institution of higher education The term “institution of higher education” means an institution of higher education as defined in section 1001(a) of this title, except that paragraph (2) of such section shall not apply.
+
+(c) Authorized activities (1) In general Grants awarded under this section shall be used by Tribal Colleges or Universities to assist such institutions to plan, develop, undertake, and carry out activities to improve and expand such institutions’ capacity to serve Indian students.
+
+(2) Examples of authorized activities The activities described in paragraph (1) may include—
+
+(A) purchase, rental, or lease of scientific or laboratory equipment for educational purposes, including instructional and research purposes;
+
+(B) construction, maintenance, renovation, and improvement in classrooms, libraries, laboratories, and other instructional facilities, including purchase or rental of telecommunications technology equipment or services, and the acquisition of real property adjacent to the campus of the institution on which to construct such facilities;
+
+(C) support of faculty exchanges, faculty development, and faculty fellowships to assist in attaining advanced degrees in the faculty’s field of instruction or in tribal governance or tribal public policy;
+
+(D) academic instruction in disciplines in which Indians are underrepresented and instruction in tribal governance or tribal public policy;
+
+(E) purchase of library books, periodicals, and other educational materials, including telecommunications program material;
+
+(F) tutoring, counseling, and student service programs designed to improve academic success;
+
+(G) education or counseling services designed to improve the financial literacy and economic literacy of students or the students’ families;
+
+(H) funds management, administrative management, and acquisition of equipment for use in strengthening funds management;
+
+(I) joint use of facilities, such as laboratories and libraries;
+
+(J) establishing or improving a development office to strengthen or improve contributions from alumni and the private sector;
+
+(K) establishing or enhancing a program of teacher education designed to qualify students to teach in elementary schools or secondary schools, with a particular emphasis on teaching Indian children and youth, that shall include, as part of such program, preparation for teacher certification;
+
+(L) establishing community outreach programs that encourage Indian elementary school and secondary school students to develop the academic skills and the interest to pursue postsecondary education;
+
+(M) developing or improving facilities for Internet use or other distance education technologies; and
+
+(N) other activities proposed in the application submitted pursuant to subsection (d) that—
+
+(i) contribute to carrying out the activities described in subparagraphs (A) through (M); and
+
+(ii) are approved by the Secretary as part of the review and acceptance of such application.
+
+(3) Endowment fund (A) In general A Tribal College or University may use not more than 20 percent of the grant funds provided under this section to establish or increase an endowment fund at the institution.
+
+(B) Matching requirement In order to be eligible to use grant funds in accordance with subparagraph (A), the Tribal College or University shall provide matching funds, in an amount equal to the Federal funds used in accordance with subparagraph (A), for the establishment or increase of the endowment fund.
+
+(C) Comparability The provisions of part C regarding the establishment or increase of an endowment fund, that the Secretary determines are not inconsistent with this paragraph, shall apply to funds used under subparagraph (A).
+
+(d) Application, plan, and allocation (1) Institutional eligibility To be eligible to receive assistance under this section, a Tribal College or University shall be an eligible institution under section 1058(b) of this title.
+
+(2) Application (A) In general A Tribal College or University desiring to receive assistance under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may reasonably require.
+
+(B) Streamlined process The Secretary shall establish application requirements in such a manner as to simplify and streamline the process for applying for grants under this section.
+
+(3) Awards and allocations to institutions (A) Construction grants (i) In general Of the amount appropriated to carry out this section for any fiscal year, the Secretary may reserve 30 percent for the purpose of awarding one-year grants of not less than $1,000,000 to address construction, maintenance, and renovation needs at eligible institutions.
+
+(ii) Preference In providing grants under clause (i) for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall give preference to eligible institutions that have not received an award under this section for a previous fiscal year.
+
+(B) Allotment of remaining funds (i) In general Except as provided in clause (ii), the Secretary shall distribute the remaining funds appropriated for any fiscal year to each eligible institution as follows:
+
+(I) 60 percent of the remaining appropriated funds shall be distributed among the eligible Tribal Colleges and Universities on a pro rata basis, based on the respective Indian student counts (as defined in section 2(a) of the Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities Assistance Act of 1978 (25 U.S.C. 1801(a)) 22 So in original. Probably should be followed by a third closing parenthesis. of the Tribal Colleges and Universities.
+
+(II) The remaining 40 percent shall be distributed in equal shares to the eligible Tribal Colleges and Universities.
+
+(ii) Minimum grant The amount distributed to a Tribal College or University under clause (i) shall not be less than $500,000.
+
+(4) Special rules (A) Concurrent funding No Tribal College or University that receives funds under this section shall concurrently receive funds under any other provision of this part, part B, or part A of subchapter V.
+
+(B) Exemption Section 1059(d) of this title shall not apply to institutions that are eligible to receive funds under this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 316, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 302(d)(1), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 473; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(a)(7), Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2457; Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 303(e), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1639; Pub. L. 106–211, § 1(a), (b)(1), May 26, 2000, 114 Stat. 330; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 303, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3167; Pub. L. 111–39, title III, § 301(1), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1936.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities Assistance Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(A), is Pub. L. 95–471, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1325, which is classified principally to chapter 20 (§ 1801 et seq.) of Title 25, Indians. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1801 of Title 25 and Tables. The Navajo Community College Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(A), is Pub. L. 92–189, Dec. 15, 1971, 85 Stat. 646, which was classified to section 640a et seq. of Title 25, Indians, and was omitted from the Code as being of special and not general application. Section 532 of the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(B), is section 532 of Pub. L. 103–382, which is set out in a note under section 301 of Title 7, Agriculture.
+
+Amendments2009—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 111–39, § 301(1)(A), substituted “Tribal” for “Indian Tribal”. Subsec. (b)(1), (2). Pub. L. 111–39, § 301(1)(B)(i), (ii), substituted “the Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities Assistance Act of 1978” for “the Tribally Controlled College or University Assistance Act of 1978”. Subsec. (b)(3)(A). Pub. L. 111–39, § 301(1)(B)(iii), substituted “the Navajo Community College Act” for “the Navajo Community College Assistance Act of 1978”. 2008—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 110–315, § 303(1), added par. (3) and struck out former par. (3). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The term ‘Tribal College or University’ has the meaning give the term ‘tribally controlled college or university’ in section 1801 of title 25, and includes an institution listed in the Equity in Educational Land Grant Status Act of 1994. Subsec. (c)(2)(B). Pub. L. 110–315, § 303(2)(A), added subpar. (B) and struck out former subpar. (B) which read as follows: “construction, maintenance, renovation, and improvement in classrooms, libraries, laboratories, and other instructional facilities, including purchase or rental of telecommunications technology equipment or services;”. Subsec. (c)(2)(C). Pub. L. 110–315, § 303(2)(B), inserted “or in tribal governance or tribal public policy” before semicolon at end. Subsec. (c)(2)(D). Pub. L. 110–315, § 303(2)(C), inserted “and instruction in tribal governance or tribal public policy” before semicolon at end. Subsec. (c)(2)(G) to (N). Pub. L. 110–315, § 303(2)(D)–(H), added subpars. (G) and (M), redesignated former subpars. (G), (H), (I), (J), (K), and (L) as subpars. (H), (I), (J), (K), (L), and (N), respectively, and in subpar. (N)(i) substituted “subparagraphs (A) through (M)” for “subparagraphs (A) through (K)”. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 110–315, § 303(3), added subsec. (d) and struck out former subsec. (d) which related to the application process for assistance under this section. 2000—Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 106–211, § 1(a), inserted after first sentence “The Secretary shall, to the extent possible, prescribe a simplified and streamlined format for such applications that takes into account the limited number of institutions that are eligible for assistance under this section.” Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 106–211, § 1(b)(1), added par. (3) and struck out heading and text of former par. (3). Text read as follows: “For the purposes of this part, no Tribal College or University that is eligible for and receives funds under this section may concurrently receive other funds under this part or part B of this subchapter.” 1998—Pub. L. 105–244 amended section catchline and text generally. Prior to amendment, text consisted of subsecs. (a) to (e) authorizing grants and related assistance to Hispanic-serving institutions to enable such institutions to improve and expand their capacity to serve Hispanic and other low-income students. 1993—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–208 substituted “(2) Examples of authorized activities.—Such programs may include—” for “Such programs may include—”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 2000 AmendmentPub. L. 106–211, § 1(c), May 26, 2000, 114 Stat. 331, provided that: “The amendments made by this Act [amending this section and section 1059d of this title] shall be effective on the date of the enactment of this Act [May 26, 2000].”
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1993 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 103–208 effective as if included in the Higher Education Amendments of 1992, Pub. L. 102–325, except as otherwise provided, see section 5(a) of Pub. L. 103–208, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSection effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as an Effective Date of 1992 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1059d.md

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1059d"
+description: "Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1059d"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1059d"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1059d"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "e3534daf9b1bbc67005cb05af92a23fa485ea3e891d5a202c3d93b910fff5aa8"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "8b805d5e81b6b804c0167660c0a73fb87fb53c4efb7125a419572c91be6e8af2"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1059d - Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Program authorized The Secretary shall provide grants and related assistance to Alaska Native-serving institutions and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions to enable such institutions to improve and expand their capacity to serve Alaska Natives and Native Hawaiians.
+
+(b) Definitions For the purpose of this section—
+
+(1) the term “Alaska Native” has the meaning given the term in section 7546 of this title;
+
+(2) the term “Alaska Native-serving institution” means an institution of higher education that—
+
+(A) is an eligible institution under section 1058(b) of this title; and
+
+(B) at the time of application, has an enrollment of undergraduate students that is at least 20 percent Alaska Native students;
+
+(3) the term “Native Hawaiian” has the meaning given the term in section 7517 of this title; and
+
+(4) the term “Native Hawaiian-serving institution” means an institution of higher education which—
+
+(A) is an eligible institution under section 1058(b) of this title; and
+
+(B) at the time of application, has an enrollment of undergraduate students that is at least 10 percent Native Hawaiian students.
+
+(c) Authorized activities (1) Types of activities authorized Grants awarded under this section shall be used by Alaska Native-serving institutions and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions to assist such institutions to plan, develop, undertake, and carry out activities to improve and expand such institutions’ capacity to serve Alaska Natives or Native Hawaiians.
+
+(2) Examples of authorized activities Such programs may include—
+
+(A) purchase, rental, or lease of scientific or laboratory equipment for educational purposes, including instructional and research purposes;
+
+(B) renovation and improvement in classroom, library, laboratory, and other instructional facilities;
+
+(C) support of faculty exchanges, and faculty development and faculty fellowships to assist in attaining advanced degrees in the faculty’s field of instruction;
+
+(D) curriculum development and academic instruction;
+
+(E) purchase of library books, periodicals, microfilm, and other educational materials;
+
+(F) funds and administrative management, and acquisition of equipment for use in strengthening funds management;
+
+(G) joint use of facilities such as laboratories and libraries;
+
+(H) academic tutoring and counseling programs and student support services; and
+
+(I) education or counseling services designed to improve the financial literacy and economic literacy of students or the students’ families.
+
+(d) Application process (1) Institutional eligibility Each Alaska Native-serving institution and Native Hawaiian-serving institution desiring to receive assistance under this section shall submit to the Secretary such enrollment data as may be necessary to demonstrate that the institution is an Alaska Native-serving institution or a Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in subsection (b), along with such other information and data as the Secretary may by regulation require.
+
+(2) Applications Any institution which is determined by the Secretary to be an Alaska Native-serving institution or a Native Hawaiian-serving institution may submit an application for assistance under this section to the Secretary. The Secretary shall, to the extent possible, prescribe a simplified and streamlined format for such applications that takes into account the limited number of institutions that are eligible for assistance under this section. Such application shall include—
+
+(A) a 5-year plan for improving the assistance provided by the Alaska Native-serving institution or the Native Hawaiian-serving institution to Alaska Native or Native Hawaiian students; and
+
+(B) such other information and assurance as the Secretary may require.
+
+(3) Special rules (A) Eligibility No Alaskan Native-serving institution or Native Hawaiian-serving institution that receives funds under this section shall concurrently receive funds under other provisions of this part or part B.
+
+(B) Exemption Section 1059(d) of this title shall not apply to institutions that are eligible to receive funds under this section.
+
+(C) Distribution In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall, to the extent possible and consistent with the competitive process under which such grants are awarded, ensure maximum and equitable distribution among all eligible institutions.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 317, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 303(f), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1641; amended Pub. L. 106–211, § 1(a), (b)(2), May 26, 2000, 114 Stat. 330; Pub. L. 107–110, title VII, § 702(a), Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1946; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 304, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3169; Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, § 9215(oo)(6), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2179.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2015—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(oo)(6)(A), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 7546 of this title. Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(oo)(6)(B), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 7517 of this title. 2008—Subsec. (c)(2)(I). Pub. L. 110–315 added subpar. (I). 2002—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 107–110, § 702(a)(1), substituted “section 7546” for “section 7938”. Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 107–110, § 702(a)(2), substituted “section 7517” for “section 7912”. 2000—Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 106–211, § 1(a), inserted after first sentence “The Secretary shall, to the extent possible, prescribe a simplified and streamlined format for such applications that takes into account the limited number of institutions that are eligible for assistance under this section.” Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 106–211, § 1(b)(2), added par. (3). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 106–211, § 1(b)(2), struck out heading and text of subsec. (e). Text read as follows: “For the purposes of this section, no Alaska Native-serving institution or Native Hawaiian-serving institution which is eligible for and receives funds under this section may concurrently receive other funds under this part or part B of this subchapter.”
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2015 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 2002 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 107–110 effective Jan. 8, 2002, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 107–110, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6301 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSection effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as an Effective Date of 1998 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1059e.md

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1059e"
+description: "Predominantly Black Institutions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1059e"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1059e"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1059e"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "dbfca82b1f377013cf2bca6cdf06dd559531157cc703a07eeb8633f3d5d92d6a"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "68e330a4e70421d7b3f919848f0bf632ad6133d954e6789461bee95c427a947e"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1059e - Predominantly Black Institutions
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Purpose It is the purpose of this section to assist Predominantly Black Institutions in expanding educational opportunity through a program of Federal assistance.
+
+(b) Definitions In this section:
+
+(1) Eligible institution The term “eligible institution” means an institution of higher education that—
+
+(A) has an enrollment of needy undergraduate students;
+
+(B) has an average educational and general expenditure that is low, per full-time equivalent undergraduate student, in comparison with the average educational and general expenditure per full-time equivalent undergraduate student of institutions that offer similar instruction, except that the Secretary may apply the waiver requirements described in section 1068a(b) of this title to this subparagraph in the same manner as the Secretary applies the waiver requirements to section 1058(b)(1)(B) of this title;
+
+(C) has an enrollment of undergraduate students that is not less than 40 percent Black American students;
+
+(D) is legally authorized to provide, and provides, within the State an educational program for which the institution of higher education awards a baccalaureate degree or, in the case of a junior or community college, an associate’s degree;
+
+(E) is accredited by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or association determined by the Secretary to be a reliable authority as to the quality of training offered or is, according to such an agency or association, making reasonable progress toward accreditation; and
+
+(F) is not receiving assistance under—
+
+(i) part B;
+
+(ii) part A of subchapter V; or
+
+(iii) an annual authorization of appropriations under the Act of March 2, 1867 (14 Stat. 438; 20 U.S.C. 123).
+
+(2) Enrollment of needy students The term “enrollment of needy students” means the enrollment at an eligible institution with respect to which not less than 50 percent of the undergraduate students enrolled in an academic program leading to a degree—
+
+(A) in the second fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which the determination is made, were Federal Pell Grant recipients for such year;
+
+(B) come from families that receive benefits under a means-tested Federal benefit program;
+
+(C) attended a public or nonprofit private secondary school that—
+
+(i) is in the school district of a local educational agency that was eligible for assistance under part A of title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 [20 U.S.C. 6311 et seq.] for any year during which the student attended such secondary school; and
+
+(ii) for the purpose of this paragraph and for such year of attendance, was determined by the Secretary (pursuant to regulations and after consultation with the State educational agency of the State in which the school is located) to be a school in which the enrollment of children meeting a measure of poverty under section 1113(a)(5) of such Act [20 U.S.C. 6313(a)(5)] exceeds 30 percent of the total enrollment of such school; or
+
+(D) are first-generation college students and a majority of such first-generation college students are low-income individuals.
+
+(3) First-generation college student The term “first-generation college student” has the meaning given the term in section 1070a–11(h) of this title.
+
+(4) Low-income individual The term “low-income individual” has the meaning given such term in section 1070a–11(h) of this title.
+
+(5) Means-tested Federal benefit program The term “means-tested Federal benefit program” means a program of the Federal Government, other than a program under subchapter IV, in which eligibility for the program’s benefits, or the amount of such benefits, are determined on the basis of income or resources of the individual or family seeking the benefit.
+
+(6) Predominantly Black Institution The term “Predominantly Black Institution” means an institution of higher education, as defined in section 1001(a) of this title—
+
+(A) that is an eligible institution with not less than 1,000 undergraduate students;
+
+(B) at which not less than 50 percent of the undergraduate students enrolled at the eligible institution are low-income individuals or first-generation college students; and
+
+(C) at which not less than 50 percent of the undergraduate students are enrolled in an educational program leading to a bachelor’s or associate’s degree that the eligible institution is licensed to award by the State in which the eligible institution is located.
+
+(7) State The term “State” means each of the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
+
+(c) Grant authority (1) In general The Secretary is authorized to award grants, from allotments under subsection (e), to Predominantly Black Institutions to enable the Predominantly Black Institutions to carry out the authorized activities described in subsection (d).
+
+(2) Priority In awarding grants under this section the Secretary shall give priority to Predominantly Black Institutions with large numbers or percentages of students described in subsections 11 So in original. Probably should be “subsection”. (b)(1)(A) or (b)(1)(C). The level of priority given to Predominantly Black Institutions with large numbers or percentages of students described in subsection (b)(1)(A) shall be twice the level of priority given to Predominantly Black Institutions with large numbers or percentages of students described in subsection (b)(1)(C).
+
+(d) Authorized activities (1) Required activities Grant funds provided under this section shall be used—
+
+(A) to assist the Predominantly Black Institution to plan, develop, undertake, and implement programs to enhance the institution’s capacity to serve more low- and middle-income Black American students;
+
+(B) to expand higher education opportunities for students eligible to participate in programs under subchapter IV by encouraging college preparation and student persistence in secondary school and postsecondary education; and
+
+(C) to strengthen the financial ability of the Predominantly Black Institution to serve the academic needs of the students described in subparagraphs (A) and (B).
+
+(2) Additional activities Grant funds provided under this section shall be used for one or more of the following activities:
+
+(A) The activities described in paragraphs (1) through (12) of section 1057(c) of this title.
+
+(B) Academic instruction in disciplines in which Black Americans are underrepresented.
+
+(C) Establishing or enhancing a program of teacher education designed to qualify students to teach in a public elementary school or secondary school in the State that shall include, as part of such program, preparation for teacher certification or licensure.
+
+(D) Establishing community outreach programs that will encourage elementary school and secondary school students to develop the academic skills and the interest to pursue postsecondary education.
+
+(E) Other activities proposed in the application submitted pursuant to subsection (f) that—
+
+(i) contribute to carrying out the purpose of this section; and
+
+(ii) are approved by the Secretary as part of the review and approval of an application submitted under subsection (f).
+
+(3) Endowment fund (A) In general A Predominantly Black Institution may use not more than 20 percent of the grant funds provided under this section to establish or increase an endowment fund at the institution.
+
+(B) Matching requirement In order to be eligible to use grant funds in accordance with subparagraph (A), a Predominantly Black Institution shall provide matching funds from non-Federal sources, in an amount equal to or greater than the Federal funds used in accordance with subparagraph (A), for the establishment or increase of the endowment fund.
+
+(C) Comparability The provisions of part C, regarding the establishment or increase of an endowment fund, that the Secretary determines are not inconsistent with this subsection, shall apply to funds used under subparagraph (A).
+
+(4) Limitation Not more than 50 percent of the grant funds provided to a Predominantly Black Institution under this section may be available for the purpose of constructing or maintaining a classroom, library, laboratory, or other instructional facility.
+
+(e) Allotments to Predominantly Black Institutions (1) Federal Pell Grant basis From the amounts appropriated to carry out this section for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each Predominantly Black Institution having an application approved under subsection (f) a sum that bears the same ratio to one-half of that amount as the number of Federal Pell Grant recipients in attendance at such institution at the end of the academic year preceding the beginning of that fiscal year, bears to the total number of Federal Pell Grant recipients at all such institutions at the end of such academic year.
+
+(2) Graduates basis From the amounts appropriated to carry out this section for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each Predominantly Black Institution having an application approved under subsection (f) a sum that bears the same ratio to one-fourth of that amount as the number of graduates for such academic year at such institution, bears to the total number of graduates for such academic year at all such institutions.
+
+(3) Graduates seeking a higher degree basis From the amounts appropriated to carry out this section for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each Predominantly Black Institution having an application approved under subsection (f) a sum that bears the same ratio to one-fourth of that amount as the percentage of graduates from such institution who are admitted to and in attendance at, not later than two years after graduation with an associate’s degree or a baccalaureate degree, a baccalaureate degree-granting institution or a graduate or professional school in a degree program in disciplines in which Black American students are underrepresented, bears to the percentage of such graduates for all such institutions.
+
+(4) Minimum allotment (A) In general Notwithstanding paragraphs (1), (2), and (3), the amount allotted to each Predominantly Black Institution under this section may not be less than $250,000.
+
+(B) Insufficient amount If the amounts appropriated to carry out this section for a fiscal year are not sufficient to pay the minimum allotment provided under subparagraph (A) for the fiscal year, then the amount of such minimum allotment shall be ratably reduced. If additional sums become available for such fiscal year, such reduced allotment shall be increased on the same basis as the allotment was reduced until the amount allotted equals the minimum allotment required under subparagraph (A).
+
+(5) Reallotment The amount of a Predominantly Black Institution’s allotment under paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4) for any fiscal year that the Secretary determines will not be needed for such institution for the period for which such allotment is available, shall be available for reallotment to other Predominantly Black Institutions in proportion to the original allotments to such other institutions under this section for such fiscal year. The Secretary shall reallot such amounts from time to time, on such date and during such period as the Secretary determines appropriate.
+
+(f) Applications Each Predominantly Black Institution desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing or accompanied by such information as the Secretary may reasonably require.
+
+(g) Application review process Section 1068b of this title shall not apply to applications under this section.
+
+(h) Duration and carryover Any grant funds paid to a Predominantly Black Institution under this section that are not expended or used for the purposes for which the funds were paid within ten years following the date on which the grant was awarded, shall be repaid to the Treasury.
+
+(i) Special rule on eligibility No Predominantly Black Institution that receives funds under this section shall concurrently receive funds under any other provision of this part, part B, or part A of subchapter V.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 318, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 305(a), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3169; amended Pub. L. 111–39, title III, § 301(2), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1937.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Act of March 2, 1867, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(F)(iii), is act Mar. 2, 1867, ch. 162, 14 Stat. 438. Provisions relating to authorization of appropriations are contained in section 8 of the Act, which is classified to section 123 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables. The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(C)(i), is Pub. L. 89–10, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 27. Part A of title I of the Act is classified generally to part A (§ 6311 et seq.) of subchapter I of chapter 70 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6301 of this title and Tables.
+
+Amendments2009—Subsec. (b)(1)(F). Pub. L. 111–39 added subpar. (F) and struck out former subpar. (F) which read as follows: “is not receiving assistance under part B or part A of subchapter V.”
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1059f.md

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1059f"
+description: "Native American-serving, nontribal institutions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1059f"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1059f"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1059f"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "45883938cc5e5c875f218d25cddbfe453108fd09a02878b3f63f018699603f93"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "a63b718265e3115903ceab76df2545835e07cb15c2f7fcbce6ddba06e76012f5"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1059f - Native American-serving, nontribal institutions
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Program authorized The Secretary shall provide grants and related assistance to Native American-serving, nontribal institutions to enable such institutions to improve and expand their capacity to serve Native Americans and low-income individuals.
+
+(b) Definitions In this section:
+
+(1) Native American The term “Native American” means an individual who is of a tribe, people, or culture that is indigenous to the United States.
+
+(2) Native American-serving, nontribal institution The term “Native American-serving, nontribal institution” means an institution of higher education, as defined in section 1001(a) of this title, that, at the time of application—
+
+(A) is an eligible institution under section 1058(b) of this title;
+
+(B) has an enrollment of undergraduate students that is not less than 10 percent Native American students; and
+
+(C) is not a Tribal College or University (as defined in section 1059c of this title).
+
+(c) Authorized activities (1) Types of activities authorized Grants awarded under this section shall be used by Native American-serving, nontribal institutions to assist such institutions to plan, develop, undertake, and carry out activities to improve and expand such institutions’ capacity to serve Native Americans and low-income individuals.
+
+(2) Examples of authorized activities Such programs may include—
+
+(A) the purchase, rental, or lease of scientific or laboratory equipment for educational purposes, including instructional and research purposes;
+
+(B) renovation and improvement in classroom, library, laboratory, and other instructional facilities;
+
+(C) support of faculty exchanges, and faculty development and faculty fellowships to assist faculty in attaining advanced degrees in the faculty’s field of instruction;
+
+(D) curriculum development and academic instruction;
+
+(E) the purchase of library books, periodicals, microfilm, and other educational materials;
+
+(F) funds and administrative management, and acquisition of equipment for use in strengthening funds management;
+
+(G) the joint use of facilities such as laboratories and libraries;
+
+(H) academic tutoring and counseling programs and student support services; and
+
+(I) education or counseling services designed to improve the financial and economic literacy of students or the students’ families.
+
+(d) Application process (1) Institutional eligibility A Native American-serving, nontribal institution desiring to receive assistance under this section shall submit to the Secretary such enrollment data as may be necessary to demonstrate that the institution is a Native American-serving, nontribal institution, along with such other information and data as the Secretary may reasonably require.
+
+(2) Applications (A) Authority to submit applications Any institution that is determined by the Secretary to be a Native American-serving, nontribal institution may submit an application for assistance under this section to the Secretary.
+
+(B) Simplified and streamlined format The Secretary shall, to the extent possible, continue to prescribe a simplified and streamlined format for applications under this section that takes into account the limited number of institutions that are eligible for assistance under this section.
+
+(C) Content An application submitted under subparagraph (A) shall include—
+
+(i) a five-year plan for improving the assistance provided by the Native American-serving, nontribal institution to Native Americans and low-income individuals; and
+
+(ii) such other information and assurances as the Secretary may reasonably require.
+
+(3) Special rules (A) Eligibility No Native American-serving, nontribal institution that receives funds under this section shall concurrently receive funds under any other provision of this part, part B, or part A of subchapter V.
+
+(B) Exemption Section 1059(d) of this title shall not apply to institutions that are eligible to receive funds under this section.
+
+(C) Distribution In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall, to the extent possible and consistent with the competitive process under which such grants are awarded, ensure maximum and equitable distribution among all eligible institutions.
+
+(D) Minimum grant amount The minimum amount of a grant under this section shall be $200,000.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 319, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 306, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3173.)

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1059g.md

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1059g"
+description: "Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institutions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1059g"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1059g"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1059g"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "3b3db5ac52853651c37059d9193ec8f4837327b8179905ebf602bbc40f92d6a1"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "8c25b26070c62beb9ac3a19c82987d1eaef6f8cbe69d5f3d855a6186b570b7b3"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1059g - Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institutions
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Program authorized The Secretary shall provide grants and related assistance to Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institutions to enable such institutions to improve and expand their capacity to serve Asian Americans and Native American Pacific Islanders and low-income individuals.
+
+(b) Definitions In this section:
+
+(1) Asian American The term “Asian American” has the meaning given the term “Asian” in the Office of Management and Budget’s Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity as published on October 30, 1997 (62 Fed. Reg. 58789).
+
+(2) Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institution The term “Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institution” means an institution of higher education that—
+
+(A) is an eligible institution under section 1058(b) of this title; and
+
+(B) at the time of application, has an enrollment of undergraduate students that is not less than 10 percent students who are Asian American or Native American Pacific Islander.
+
+(3) Native American Pacific Islander The term “Native American Pacific Islander” means any descendant of the aboriginal people of any island in the Pacific Ocean that is a territory or possession of the United States.
+
+(c) Authorized activities (1) Types of activities authorized Grants awarded under this section shall be used by Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institutions to assist such institutions to plan, develop, undertake, and carry out activities to improve and expand such institutions’ capacity to serve Asian Americans and Native American Pacific Islanders and low-income individuals.
+
+(2) Examples of authorized activities Such programs may include—
+
+(A) purchase, rental, or lease of scientific or laboratory equipment for educational purposes, including instructional and research purposes;
+
+(B) renovation and improvement in classroom, library, laboratory, and other instructional facilities;
+
+(C) support of faculty exchanges, and faculty development and faculty fellowships to assist in attaining advanced degrees in the faculty’s field of instruction;
+
+(D) curriculum development and academic instruction;
+
+(E) purchase of library books, periodicals, microfilm, and other educational materials;
+
+(F) funds and administrative management, and acquisition of equipment for use in strengthening funds management;
+
+(G) joint use of facilities such as laboratories and libraries;
+
+(H) academic tutoring and counseling programs and student support services;
+
+(I) establishing community outreach programs that will encourage elementary school and secondary school students to develop the academic skills and the interest to pursue postsecondary education;
+
+(J) establishing or improving an endowment fund;
+
+(K) academic instruction in disciplines in which Asian Americans and Native American Pacific Islanders are underrepresented;
+
+(L) conducting research and data collection for Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander populations and subpopulations;
+
+(M) establishing partnerships with community-based organizations serving Asian Americans and Native American Pacific Islanders; and
+
+(N) education or counseling services designed to improve the financial and economic literacy of students or the students’ families.
+
+(d) Application process (1) Institutional eligibility Each Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institution desiring to receive assistance under this section shall submit to the Secretary such enrollment data as may be necessary to demonstrate that the institution is an Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institution as defined in subsection (b), along with such other information and data as the Secretary may reasonably require.
+
+(2) Applications Any institution that is determined by the Secretary to be an Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institution may submit an application for assistance under this section to the Secretary. Such application shall include—
+
+(A) a five-year plan for improving the assistance provided by the Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institution to Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander students and low-income individuals; and
+
+(B) such other information and assurances as the Secretary may reasonably require.
+
+(3) Special rules (A) Eligibility No Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institution that receives funds under this section shall concurrently receive funds under any other provision of this part, part B, or subchapter V.
+
+(B) Exemption Section 1059(d) of this title shall not apply to institutions that are eligible to receive funds under this section.
+
+(C) Distribution In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall—
+
+(i) to the extent possible and consistent with the competitive process under which such grants are awarded, ensure maximum and equitable distribution among all eligible institutions; and
+
+(ii) give priority consideration to institutions for which not less than 10 percent of such institution’s Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander students are low-income individuals.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 320, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 307, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3175.)

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1061.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1061"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1061"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1061"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1061"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "62115bfffc725d6b9d8de34df5aadf5b8c4e38e2a083f332f925ed830518741e"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "a36b4c3ddff71ebf3bdfbeb0979a1773e2b854c9d66a7e54c46e34d7afe1d78e"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1061 - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+For the purpose of this part:
+
+(1) The term “graduate” means an individual who has attended an institution for at least three semesters and fulfilled academic requirements for undergraduate studies in not more than 5 consecutive school years.
+
+(2) The term “part B institution” means any historically Black college or university that was established prior to 1964, whose principal mission was, and is, the education of Black Americans, and that is accredited by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or association determined by the Secretary to be a reliable authority as to the quality of training offered or is, according to such an agency or association, making reasonable progress toward accreditation,,11 So in original. except that any branch campus of a southern institution of higher education that prior to September 30, 1986, received a grant as an institution with special needs under section 1060 of this title and was formally recognized by the National Center for Education Statistics as a Historically Black College or University but was determined not to be a part B institution on or after October 17, 1986, shall, from July 18, 1988, be considered a part B institution.
+
+(3) The term “Pell Grant recipient” means a recipient of financial aid under subpart 1 of part A of subchapter IV of this chapter.
+
+(4) The term “professional and academic areas in which Blacks are underrepresented” shall be determined by the Secretary, in consultation with the Commissioner for Education Statistics and the Commissioner of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, on the basis of the most recent available satisfactory data, as professional and academic areas in which the percentage of Black Americans who have been educated, trained, and employed is less than the percentage of Blacks in the general population.
+
+(5) The term “school year” means the period of 12 months beginning July 1 of any calendar year and ending June 30 of the following calendar year.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 322, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1294; amended Pub. L. 100–369, § 10(c), July 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 838; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 308, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3177.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1061, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 322, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title III, § 301, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1393, defined terms used in this part, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. Another prior section 1061, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 401, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1232; Pub. L. 90–575, title I, § 101(a), (b)(1), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1017; Pub. L. 91–95, § 4, Oct. 22, 1969, 83 Stat. 143; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 131(a)(1)(A), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 247, related to statement of purpose and authorization of appropriations for educational opportunity grants, prior to the general revision of part A of subchapter IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 131(b)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 247.
+
+Amendments2008—Par. (4). Pub. L. 110–315 inserted “, in consultation with the Commissioner for Education Statistics” before “and the Commissioner”. 1988—Par. (2). Pub. L. 100–369 inserted “,, except that any branch campus of a southern institution of higher education that prior to September 30, 1986, received a grant as an institution with special needs under section 1060 of this title and was formally recognized by the National Center for Education Statistics as a Historically Black College or University but was determined not to be a part B institution on or after October 17, 1986, shall, from July 18, 1988, be considered a part B institution” after “accreditation”.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1062.md

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1062"
+description: "Grants to institutions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1062"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1062"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1062"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "ca73dcd4a38e975e8c9a88193254e6b5d6b88a8b96c98ca4b007b1cc7a99399d"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "143f36f42e26b8ef610a1f9ffeeb0e5ffc07c68ce2213e864de6c15806703f1f"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1062 - Grants to institutions
+
+## Text
+
+(a) General authorization; uses of funds From amounts available under section 1068h(a)(2) of this title for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall make grants (under section 1063 of this title) to institutions which have applications approved by the Secretary (under section 1063a of this title) for any of the following uses:
+
+(1) Purchase, rental, or lease of scientific or laboratory equipment for educational purposes, including instructional and research purposes.
+
+(2) Construction, maintenance, renovation, and improvement in classroom, library, laboratory, and other instructional facilities, including purchase or rental of telecommunications technology equipment or services.
+
+(3) Support of faculty exchanges, and faculty development and faculty fellowships to assist in attaining advanced degrees in their field of instruction.
+
+(4) Academic instruction in disciplines in which Black Americans are underrepresented.
+
+(5) Purchase of library books, periodicals, microfilm, and other educational materials, including telecommunications program materials.
+
+(6) Tutoring, counseling, and student service programs designed to improve academic success.
+
+(7) Funds and administrative management, and acquisition of equipment for use in strengthening funds management.
+
+(8) Joint use of facilities, such as laboratories and libraries.
+
+(9) Establishing or improving a development office to strengthen or improve contributions from alumni and the private sector.
+
+(10) Establishing or enhancing a program of teacher education designed to qualify students to teach in a public elementary or secondary school in the State that shall include, as part of such program, preparation for teacher certification.
+
+(11) Establishing community outreach programs which will encourage elementary and secondary students to develop the academic skills and the interest to pursue postsecondary education.
+
+(12) Acquisition of real property in connection with the construction, renovation, or addition to or improvement of campus facilities.
+
+(13) Education or financial information designed to improve the financial literacy and economic literacy of students or the students’ families, especially with regard to student indebtedness and student assistance programs under subchapter IV.
+
+(14) Services necessary for the implementation of projects or activities that are described in the grant application and that are approved, in advance, by the Secretary, except that not more than two percent of the grant amount may be used for this purpose.
+
+(15) Other activities proposed in the application submitted pursuant to section 1063a of this title that—
+
+(A) contribute to carrying out the purposes of this part; and
+
+(B) are approved by the Secretary as part of the review and acceptance of such application.
+
+(b) Endowment fund (1) In general An institution may use not more than 20 percent of the grant funds provided under this part to establish or increase an endowment fund at the institution.
+
+(2) Matching requirement In order to be eligible to use grant funds in accordance with paragraph (1), the eligible institution shall provide matching funds from non-Federal sources, in an amount equal to or greater than the Federal funds used in accordance with paragraph (1), for the establishment or increase of the endowment fund.
+
+(3) Comparability The provisions of part C regarding the establishment or increase of an endowment fund, that the Secretary determines are not inconsistent with this subsection, shall apply to funds used under paragraph (1).
+
+(c) Limitations (1) No grant may be made under this chapter for any educational program, activity, or service related to sectarian instruction or religious worship, or provided by a school or department of divinity. For the purpose of this subsection, the term “school or department of divinity” means an institution whose program is specifically for the education of students to prepare them to become ministers of religion or to enter upon some other religious vocation, or to prepare them to teach theological subjects.
+
+(2) Not more than 50 percent of the allotment of any institution may be available for the purpose of constructing or maintaining a classroom, library, laboratory, or other instructional facility.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 323, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1295; amended Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(7), June 3, 1987, 101 Stat. 335; Pub. L. 100–369, § 10(b), July 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 838; Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 303(a), (b), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 474, 475; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(a)(8), Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2457; Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 304(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1642; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 309, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3177; Pub. L. 111–39, title III, § 301(3), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1937.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1062, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 323, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title III, § 301, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1395, provided for duration of grants to institutions with special needs, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. Another prior section 1062, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 402, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1232; Pub. L. 90–575, title I, § 102, Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1017, related to determination of amount of grant and establishment of basic criteria or schedules, prior to the general revision of part A of subchapter IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 131(b)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 247.
+
+Amendments2009—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 111–39 substituted “for any fiscal year,” for “in any fiscal year” in introductory provisions. 2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–315, § 309(1), substituted “section 1068h(a)(2)” for “section 1069f(a)(2)” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (a)(12) to (15). Pub. L. 110–315, § 309(2), (3), added pars. (12) to (14) and redesignated former par. (12) as (15). 1998—Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 105–244, § 304(a)(1), (2), added subsec. (b) and redesignated former subsec. (b) as (c). Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 105–244, § 304(a)(3), struck out par. (3) which read as follows: “The Secretary shall not award a grant under this part for telecommunications technology equipment, facilities or services, if such equipment, facilities or services are available pursuant to section 396(k) of title 47.” 1993—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 103–208 realigned margin. 1992—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 102–325, § 303(a)(1), inserted “, including purchase or rental of telecommunications technology equipment or services” after “facilities”. Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 102–325, § 303(a)(2), inserted “, including telecommunications program materials” after “materials”. Subsec. (a)(9) to (12). Pub. L. 102–325, § 303(a)(3), added pars. (9) to (12). Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 102–325, § 303(b), added par. (3). 1988—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 100–369, § 10(b)(1), inserted “, and faculty development” after “exchanges”. Subsec. (a)(7), (8). Pub. L. 100–369, § 10(b)(2), added pars. (7) and (8). 1987—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–50 substituted “section 1069f(a)(2) of this title” for “section 1069d(a)(2) of this title”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1993 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 103–208 effective as if included in the Higher Education Amendments of 1992, Pub. L. 102–325, except as otherwise provided, see section 5(a) of Pub. L. 103–208, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1992 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 102–325 effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–50 effective as if enacted as part of the Higher Education Amendments of 1986, Pub. L. 99–498, see section 27 of Pub. L. 100–50, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1063.md

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1063"
+description: "Allotments to institutions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1063"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1063"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1063"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "9fc39cf8a167eb7430e281f1fd27c8dfbcdd711e6c2577361abc4c8813954e30"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "358dea7c1ee8611e4916009f24ef08cda3ffef24affbfde4154d5a1ab47dce3f"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1063 - Allotments to institutions
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Allotment; Pell Grant basis From the amounts appropriated to carry out this part for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each part B institution a sum which bears the same ratio to one-half that amount as the number of Pell Grant recipients in attendance at such institution at the end of the school year preceding the beginning of that fiscal year bears to the total number of Pell Grant recipients at all part B institutions.
+
+(b) Allotment; graduates basis From the amounts appropriated to carry out this part for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each part B institution a sum which bears the same ratio to one-fourth that amount as the number of graduates for such school year at such institution bears to the total number of graduates for such school year at all part B institutions.
+
+(c) Allotment; graduate and professional student basis From the amounts appropriated to carry out this part for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each part B institution a sum which bears the same ratio to one-fourth of that amount as the percentage of graduates per institution, who are admitted to and in attendance at, within 5 years of graduation with a baccalaureate degree, a graduate or professional school in a degree program in disciplines in which Blacks are underrepresented, bears to the percentage of such graduates per institution for all part B institutions.
+
+(d) Minimum allotment (1) Notwithstanding subsections (a) through (c), and subject to subsection (h), if the amount of an award under this section for a part B institution, based on the data provided by the part B institution and the formula under subsections (a) through (c), would be—
+
+(A) an amount that is greater than $250,000 but less than $500,000, the Secretary shall award the part B institution an allotment in the amount of $500,000; and
+
+(B) an amount that is equal to or less than $250,000, the Secretary shall award the part B institution an allotment in the amount of $250,000.
+
+(2) If the amount appropriated pursuant to section 1068h(a)(2)(A) of this title for any fiscal year is not sufficient to pay the minimum allotment required by paragraph (1) to all part B institutions, the amount of such minimum allotments shall be ratably reduced. If additional sums become available for such fiscal year, such reduced allocations shall be increased on the same basis as the basis on which they were reduced (until the amount allotted equals the minimum allotment required by paragraph (1)).
+
+(e) Reallotment The amount of any part B institution’s allotment under subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d) for any fiscal year which the Secretary determines will not be required for such institution for the period such allotment is available shall be available for reallotment from time to time on such date during such period as the Secretary may determine to other part B institutions in proportion to the original allotment to such other institutions under this section for such fiscal year.
+
+(f) Special merger rule (1) The Secretary shall permit any eligible institution for a grant under part B in any fiscal year prior to the fiscal year 1986 to apply for a grant under this part if the eligible institution has merged with another institution of higher education which is not so eligible or has merged with an eligible institution.
+
+(2) The Secretary may establish such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the requirement of paragraph (1) of this subsection.
+
+(g) Special rule for certain District of Columbia eligible institutions In any fiscal year that the Secretary determines that Howard University or the University of the District of Columbia will receive an allotment under subsections (b) and (c) of this section which is not in excess of amounts received by Howard University under the Act of March 2, 1867 (14 Stat. 438; 20 U.S.C. 123), relating to annual authorization of appropriations for Howard University, or by the University of the District of Columbia under the District of Columbia Home Rule Act (87 Stat. 774) for such fiscal year, then Howard University and the University of the District of Columbia, as the case may be, shall be ineligible to receive an allotment under this section.
+
+(h) Conditions for allotments (1) Student requirements for allotment Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a part B institution that would otherwise be eligible for funds under this part shall not receive an allotment under this part for a fiscal year, including the minimum allotment under subsection (d), if the part B institution, in the academic year preceding such fiscal year—
+
+(A) did not have any enrolled students who were Pell Grant recipients;
+
+(B) did not graduate any students; or
+
+(C) where appropriate, did not have any students who, within 5 years of graduation from the part B institution, were admitted to and in attendance at a graduate or professional school in a degree program in disciplines in which Blacks are underrepresented.
+
+(2) Data requirements for allotments Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a part B institution shall not receive an allotment under this part for a fiscal year, including the minimum allotment under subsection (d), unless the institution provides the Secretary with the data required by the Secretary and for purposes of the formula described in subsections (a) through (c), including—
+
+(A) the number of Pell Grant recipients enrolled in the part B institution in the academic year preceding such fiscal year;
+
+(B) the number of students who earned an associate or baccalaureate degree from the part B institution in the academic year preceding such fiscal year; and
+
+(C) where appropriate, the percentage of students who, within 5 years of graduation from the part B institution, were admitted to and in attendance at a graduate or professional school in a degree program in disciplines in which Blacks are underrepresented in the academic year preceding such fiscal year.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 324, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1296; amended Pub. L. 99–509, title VII, § 7007, Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1950; Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 303(c), (d), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 475; Pub. L. 105–33, title XI, § 11717(b), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 786; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 310, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3177; Pub. L. 111–39, title III, § 301(4), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1937.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Act of March 2, 1867, referred to in subsec. (g), is act Mar. 2, 1867, ch. 162, 14 Stat. 438. Provisions relating to authorization of appropriations are contained in section 8 of the Act, which is classified to section 123 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables. The District of Columbia Home Rule Act, referred to in subsec. (g), is Pub. L. 93–198, Dec. 24, 1973, 87 Stat. 774. For classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1063, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 324, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title III, § 301, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1395, related to Federal share of grants to institutions with special needs, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. Another prior section 1063, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 403, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1233, related to duration of grant and eligibility for payments, prior to the general revision of part A of subchapter IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 131(b)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 247.
+
+Amendments2009—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 111–39 designated existing provisions as par. (1), redesignated former pars. (1) and (2) as subpars. (A) and (B), respectively, of par. (1), and added par. (2). 2008—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 110–315, § 310(a), amended subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “(1) Notwithstanding subsections (a), (b), and (c) of this section, the amount allotted to each part B institution under this section shall not be less than $500,000. “(2) If the amount appropriated pursuant to section 1069f(a)(2)(A) of this title for any fiscal year is not sufficient to pay the minimum allotment required by paragraph (1) of this subsection to all part B institutions, the amount of such minimum allotments shall be ratably reduced. If additional sums become available for such fiscal year, such reduced allocation shall be increased on the same basis as they were reduced (until the amount allotted equals the minimum allotment required by paragraph (1)).” Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 110–315, § 310(b), added subsec. (h). 1997—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 105–33 substituted “District of Columbia Home Rule Act” for “District of Columbia Self-Government and Governmental Reorganization Act”. 1992—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 102–325, § 303(c), inserted “, within 5 years of graduation with a baccalaureate degree,” after “in attendance at”. Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 102–325, § 303(d), substituted “$500,000” for “$350,000”. 1986—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99–509, § 7007(4), amended subsec. generally, substituting “percentage of graduates per institution” for “number of graduates” and “percentage of such graduates per institution” for “number of such graduates”. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 99–509, § 7007(1), (2), added subsec. (d). Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 99–509, § 7007(1), (3), redesignated former subsec. (d) as (e), and substituted “subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d)” for “subsection (a), (b), or (c)”. Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f). Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 99–509, § 7007(1), redesignated subsecs. (e) and (f) as (f) and (g), respectively.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1997 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–33 effective Oct. 1, 1997, except as otherwise provided in title XI of Pub. L. 105–33, see section 11721 of Pub. L. 105–33, set out as a note under section 4246 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.
+
+Effective Date of 1992 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 102–325 effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1063a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1063a"
+description: "Applications"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1063a"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1063a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1063a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "8a3b99fe9d877b0d2af11ea1f8bb1d0436e3d2fac2135615567dbca3c3af9492"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "0d1e7d1536a112e78d01b1be6be94467a6640493b894724b171873801d3b7a01"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1063a - Applications
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Contents No part B institution shall be entitled to its allotment of Federal funds for any grant under section 1063 of this title for any period unless that institution meets the requirements of subparagraphs (C), (D), and (E) 11 See References in Text note below. of section 1058(b)(1) of this title and submits an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing or accompanied by such information, as the Secretary may reasonably require. Each such application shall—
+
+(1) provide that the payments under this chapter will be used for the purposes set forth in section 1062 of this title; and
+
+(2) provide for making an annual report to the Secretary and provide for—
+
+(A) conducting, except as provided in subparagraph (B), a financial and compliance audit of an eligible institution, with regard to any funds obtained by it under this subchapter at least once every 2 years and covering the period since the most recent audit, conducted by a qualified, independent organization or person in accordance with standards established by the Comptroller General for the audit of governmental organizations, programs, and functions, and as prescribed in regulations of the Secretary, the results of which shall be submitted to the Secretary; or
+
+(B) with regard to an eligible institution which is audited under chapter 75 of title 31 deeming such audit to satisfy the requirements of subparagraph (A) for the period covered by such audit.
+
+(b) Approval The Secretary shall approve any application which meets the requirements of subsection (a) and shall not disapprove any application submitted under this part, or any modification thereof, without first affording such institution reasonable notice and opportunity for a hearing.
+
+(c) Goals for financial management and academic programs Any application for a grant under this part shall describe measurable goals for the institution’s financial management and academic programs and include a plan of how the applicant intends to achieve those goals.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 325, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1296; amended Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(8), June 3, 1987, 101 Stat. 335; Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 303(e), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 475.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextSection 1058(b)(1)(E) of this title, referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed and section 1058(b)(1)(F) was redesignated section 1058(b)(1)(E) by Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 302(a)(1)(B), (C), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 472.
+
+Amendments1992—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 102–325 added subsec. (c). 1987—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 100–50 substituted “section 1062 of this title” for “section 1061 of this title”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1992 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 102–325 effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–50 effective as if enacted as part of the Higher Education Amendments of 1986, Pub. L. 99–498, see section 27 of Pub. L. 100–50, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1063c.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1063c"
+description: "Reporting and audit requirements"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1063c"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1063c"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1063c"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "af4cef8da5f381ee708f103cf5a4dfadc3ce83798aa64da8599605abfccf538a"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "70eafceef619f42cb5c531d74f046a2a1984c13a39fe60ee12727254ad21febd"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1063c - Reporting and audit requirements
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Recordkeeping Each recipient of a grant under this part shall keep such records as the Secretary shall prescribe, including records which fully disclose—
+
+(1) the amount and disposition by such recipient of the proceeds of such assistance;
+
+(2) the cost of the project or undertaking in connection with which such assistance is given or used;
+
+(3) the amount of that portion of the cost of the project or undertaking supplied by other sources; and
+
+(4) such other records as will facilitate an effective audit.
+
+(b) Use of unexpended funds Any funds paid to an institution and not expended or used for the purposes for which the funds were paid during the five-year period following the date of the initial grant award, may be carried over and expended during the succeeding five-year period, if such funds were obligated for a purpose for which the funds were paid during the five-year period following the date of the initial grant award.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 327, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1298; amended Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(11), June 3, 1987, 101 Stat. 335; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 312, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3180.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–315 amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “Any funds paid to an institution and not expended or used for the purposes for which the funds were paid within 10 years following the date of the initial grant awarded to an institution under part B of this subchapter shall be repaid to the Treasury of the United States.” 1987—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–50 substituted “part” for “chapter” in introductory text.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–50 effective as if enacted as part of the Higher Education Amendments of 1986, Pub. L. 99–498, see section 27 of Pub. L. 100–50, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1063d.md

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1063d"
+description: "Strengthening HBCUs through Federal agency plans"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1063d"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1063d"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1063d"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "8e9aeebc03f46719314d28b5885b982f3935ca7e21abe78530ad12b0ffbbe297"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "11d46aaa114ff9510c1acf9d820dd90a4364e323fe52f55b77578fcbb8b377f1"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1063d - Strengthening HBCUs through Federal agency plans
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Designating applicable agencies The Secretary, in consultation with the Executive Director, shall—
+
+(1) identify each Federal agency with which an HBCU—
+
+(A) has entered into a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement; or
+
+(B) is eligible to participate in the programs and initiatives under the jurisdiction of such Federal agency; and
+
+(2) designate each Federal agency so identified as an applicable agency.
+
+(b) Submitting agency plans Not later than February 1 of each year, the head of each applicable agency shall submit to the Secretary, the Executive Director, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives, and the President’s Board of Advisors an annual Agency Plan describing efforts to strengthen the capacity of HBCUs to participate or be eligible to participate in the programs and initiatives under the jurisdiction of such applicable agency as described in subsection (a)(1)(B).
+
+(c) Further requirements for submission and accessibility The Executive Director shall make all annual Agency Plan submissions publicly available online in a user-friendly format.
+
+(d) Agency plan content Where appropriate, each Agency Plan shall include—
+
+(1) a description of how the applicable agency intends to increase the capacity of HBCUs to compete effectively for grants, contracts, or cooperative agreements;
+
+(2) an identification of Federal programs and initiatives under the jurisdiction of the applicable agency in which HBCUs are underrepresented;
+
+(3) an outline of proposed efforts to improve HBCUs’ participation in such programs and initiatives;
+
+(4) a description of any progress made towards advancing or achieving goals and efforts from previous Agency Plans submitted under this section by such applicable agency;
+
+(5) a description of how the applicable agency plans to encourage public-sector, private-sector, and community involvement to improve the capacity of HBCUs to compete effectively for grants, contracts, or cooperative agreements, and to participate in programs and initiatives under the jurisdiction of such agency;
+
+(6) an identification of programs and initiatives not listed in a previous Agency Plan in which an HBCU may participate;
+
+(7) any other information the applicable agency determines is relevant to promoting opportunities to fund, partner, contract, or otherwise interact with HBCUs; and
+
+(8) any additional criteria established by the Secretary or the White House Initiative.
+
+(e) Agency engagement To help fulfill the objectives of the Agency Plans, the head of each applicable agency—
+
+(1) shall provide, as appropriate, technical assistance and information to the Executive Director to enhance communication with HBCUs concerning the applicable agency’s—
+
+(A) programs and initiatives described in subsection (d)(2); and
+
+(B) the preparation of applications or proposals for grants, contracts, or cooperative agreements; and
+
+(2) shall appoint a senior official to report directly to the agency head on the applicable agency’s progress under this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 116–270, § 4, Dec. 31, 2020, 134 Stat. 3327.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification This section was enacted as part of the HBCU Propelling Agency Relationships Towards a New Era of Results for Students Act or the HBCU PARTNERS Act, and not as part of the Higher Education Act of 1965 which comprises this chapter.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Change of Name Committee on Education and Labor of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Education and the Workforce of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Eighteenth Congress, Jan. 9, 2023.
+
+Findings and PurposesPub. L. 116–270, § 2, Dec. 31, 2020, 134 Stat. 3325, provided that: “(a) Findings.—Congress finds the following:“(1) As many colleges and universities across the country kept their doors closed to African American applicants, historically Black colleges and universities (referred to in this section as ‘HBCUs’) played a central role in ensuring that African Americans could attain an excellent education. “(2) Today, HBCUs continue to play a critical role in ensuring that African Americans, and those of all races, can access high-quality educational opportunities. “(3) HBCUs enroll nearly 300,000 students, an estimated 70 percent of whom come from low-income backgrounds and 80 percent of whom are African American. “(4) According to the National Association For Equal Opportunity In Higher Education (referred to in this section as ‘NAFEO’), HBCUs make up just 3 percent of American institutions of higher education but serve more than a fifth of African American college students. “(5) According to the Thurgood Marshall College Fund (referred to in this section as ‘TMCF’), approximately 9 percent of all African American college students attend HBCUs. “(6) A March 2017 report from the Education Trust concluded that HBCUs have higher completion rates for African American students than other institutions serving similar student populations. “(7) According to TMCF, 40 percent of African American Members of Congress, 50 percent of African American lawyers, and 80 percent of African American judges are graduates of HBCUs. “(8) According to NAFEO, HBCUs graduate approximately 50 percent of African American public school teaching professionals. “(9) According to the United Negro College Fund (referred to in this section as ‘UNCF’), African American graduates of HBCUs are almost twice as likely as African Americans who graduated from other institutions to report that their university prepared them well for life. “(10) According to a study commissioned by UNCF, in 2014, HBCUs generated a total direct economic impact of $14,800,000,000 and created more than 134,000 jobs. “(11) According to a 2019 report produced by the American Council on Education and UNCF, despite efforts to counter a historical legacy of inequitable funding and notable investments by the Federal Government and many State governments, resource inequities continue to plague HBCUs. “(b) Purposes.—The purposes of this Act are—“(1) to strengthen the capacity and competitiveness of HBCUs to fulfill their principal mission of equalizing educational opportunity, as described in section 301(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1051(b)); “(2) to align HBCUs with the educational and economic competitiveness priorities of the United States; “(3) to provide students enrolled at HBCUs with the highest quality educational and economic opportunities; “(4) to bolster and facilitate productive interactions between HBCUs and Federal agencies; and “(5) to encourage HBCU participation in and benefit from Federal programs, grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements.”
+
+Definitions Pub. L. 116–270, § 3, Dec. 31, 2020, 134 Stat. 3326, provided that: “In this Act [see Short Title of 2020 Amendment note set out under section 1001 of this title]: “(1) Applicable agency.—The term ‘applicable agency’ means—“(A) the Department of Agriculture; “(B) the Department of Commerce; “(C) the Department of Defense; “(D) the Department of Education; “(E) the Department of Energy; “(F) the Department of Health and Human Services; “(G) the Department of Homeland Security; “(H) the Department of Housing and Urban Development; “(I) the Department of the Interior; “(J) the Department of Justice; “(K) the Department of Labor; “(L) the Department of State; “(M) the Department of Transportation; “(N) the Department of Treasury; “(O) the Department of Veterans Affairs; “(P) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; “(Q) the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; “(R) the National Science Foundation; “(S) the Small Business Administration; and “(T) any other Federal agency designated as an applicable agency under section 4 [enacting this section]. “(2) Executive director.—The term ‘Executive Director’ means—“(A) the Executive Director of the White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities, as designated by the President; or “(B) if no such Executive Director is designated, such person as the President may designate to lead the White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities. “(3) HBCU.—The term ‘HBCU’ means a historically Black college or university. “(4) Historically black college or university.—The term ‘historically Black college or university’ has the meaning given the term ‘part B institution’ under section 322 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061). “(5) President’s board of advisors.—The term ‘President’s Board of Advisors’ means the President’s Board of Advisors on historically Black colleges and universities. “(6) Secretary.—Except as otherwise provided, the term ‘Secretary’ means the Secretary of Education. “(7) White house initiative.—The term ‘White House Initiative’ means the White House Initiative on historically Black colleges and universities.”

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1063e.md

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1063e"
+description: "President’s Board of Advisors on HBCUs"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1063e"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1063e"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1063e"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "3566840783f22d77f9a615f0d9484b5a78821fc3ded9893896f5fdf61fc2af3b"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "d5164287608b61a7ee3620ba1a1d81d860d15fbfd7b3e1ca938063b3a266bfee"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1063e - President’s Board of Advisors on HBCUs
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Administration (1) In general There is established the President’s Board of Advisors on historically Black colleges and universities in the Department of Education or, if the President so elects, within the Executive Office of the President.
+
+(2) Funding from ED 11 So in original. Except as provided in paragraph (3), the Secretary shall provide funding and administrative support for the President’s Board of Advisors, subject to the availability of appropriations.
+
+(3) Funding from the Executive Office of the President If the President elects to locate the President’s Board of Advisors within the Executive Office of the President, the Executive Office of the President shall provide funding and administrative support for the President’s Board of Advisors, subject to the availability of appropriations.
+
+(b) Membership (1) In general The President shall appoint not more than 23 members to the President’s Board of Advisors, and the Secretary and Executive Director or their designees shall serve as ex officio members.
+
+(2) Chair (A) Designation The President shall designate one member of the President’s Board of Advisors to serve as its Chair, who shall help direct the Board’s work in coordination with the Secretary and in consultation with the Executive Director.
+
+(B) Consultation The Chair shall also consult with the Executive Director regarding the time and location of meetings of the President’s Board of Advisors, which shall take place not less frequently than once every 6 months.
+
+(C) Performance Insofar as the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) 22 See References in Text note below. may apply to the President’s Board of Advisors, any functions of the President under such Act, except for those of reporting to the Congress, shall be performed by the Chair, in accordance with guidelines issued by the Administrator of General Services.
+
+(3) Compensation Members of the President’s Board of Advisors shall serve without compensation, but shall be reimbursed for travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by law.
+
+(c) Mission and functions The President’s Board of Advisors shall advise the President, through the White House Initiative, on all matters pertaining to strengthening the educational capacity of HBCUs, which shall include the following:
+
+(1) Improving the identity, visibility, distinctive capabilities, and overall competitiveness of HBCUs.
+
+(2) Engaging the philanthropic, business, government, military, homeland-security, and education communities in a national dialogue regarding new HBCU programs and initiatives.
+
+(3) Improving the ability of HBCUs to remain fiscally secure institutions that can assist the Nation in achieving its educational goals and in advancing the interests of all Americans.
+
+(4) Elevating the public awareness of, and fostering appreciation of, HBCUs.
+
+(5) Encouraging public-private investments in HBCUs.
+
+(6) Improving government-wide strategic planning related to HBCU competitiveness to align Federal resources and provide the context for decisions about HBCU partnerships, investments, performance goals, priorities, human capital development, and budget planning.
+
+(d) Report The President’s Board of Advisors shall report annually to the President on the Board’s progress in carrying out its duties under this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 116–270, § 5, Dec. 31, 2020, 134 Stat. 3328.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(C), is Pub. L. 92–463, Oct. 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 770, which was set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and was substantially repealed and restated in chapter 10 (§ 1001 et seq.) of Title 5 by Pub. L. 117–286, §§ 3(a), 7, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4197, 4361. For disposition of sections of the Act into chapter 10 of Title 5, see Disposition Table preceding section 101 of Title 5.
+
+Codification This section was enacted as part of the HBCU Propelling Agency Relationships Towards a New Era of Results for Students Act or the HBCU PARTNERS Act, and not as part of the Higher Education Act of 1965 which comprises this chapter.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1064.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1064"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 304(a)(2), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 476"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1064"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1064"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1064"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "62d3b9469d96fd48480af8e73af83973b8f6e52b0087d1a16b47729fa42ce789"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "3568667a613e8d060cf9c00b55d27379107448ec5afc072177472a790d97b5d3"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1064 - Repealed. Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 304(a)(2), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 476
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 331, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1298, related to establishment of challenge grant program.
+
+A prior section 1064, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 331, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title III, § 301, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1395; amended Pub. L. 97–35, title V, § 516(c)(2), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 447, established a challenge grant program, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.
+
+Another prior section 1064, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 404, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1233, related to time and manner of making application for grant, selection of recipients and conditions precedent to award, prior to the general revision of part A of subchapter IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 131(b)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 247.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of RepealRepeal effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as an Effective Date of 1992 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1065.md

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1065"
+description: "Endowment challenge grants"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1065"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1065"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1065"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "5ee6537cc2b0428a8d29f3a22f8d0e62a40657efd5d34f58adff65129502b45e"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "7f7a6928f017def3ec49f781eb5c6dcee5ee72ae04ff6d8e7063c8121b689641"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1065 - Endowment challenge grants
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Purpose; definitions (1) The purpose of this section is to establish a program to provide matching grants to eligible institutions in order to establish or increase endowment funds at such institutions, to provide additional incentives to promote fund raising activities by such institutions, and to foster increased independence and self-sufficiency at such institutions.
+
+(2) For the purpose of this section:
+
+(A) The term “endowment fund” means a fund established by State law, by an institution of higher education, or by a foundation which is exempt from taxation and is maintained for the purpose of generating income for the support of the institution, but which shall not include real estate.
+
+(B) The term “endowment fund corpus” means an amount equal to the grant or grants awarded under this section plus an amount equal to such grant or grants provided by the institution.
+
+(C) The term “endowment fund income” means an amount equal to the total value of the endowment fund established under this section minus the endowment fund corpus.
+
+(D) (i) The term “eligible institution” means an institution that is an—
+
+(I) eligible institution under part A or would be considered to be such an institution if section 1058(b)(1)(C) of this title referred to a postgraduate degree rather than a bachelor’s degree;
+
+(II) institution eligible for assistance under part B or would be considered to be such an institution if section 1063 of this title referred to a postgraduate degree rather than a baccalaureate degree; or
+
+(III) institution of higher education that makes a substantial contribution to postgraduate medical educational opportunities for minorities and the economically disadvantaged.
+
+(ii) The Secretary may waive the requirements of subclauses (I) and (II) of clause (i) with respect to a postgraduate degree in the case of any institution otherwise eligible under clause (i) for an endowment challenge grant upon determining that the institution makes a substantial contribution to medical education opportunities for minorities and the economically disadvantaged.
+
+(b) Grants authorized (1) From sums available for this section under section 1068h of this title, the Secretary is authorized to award endowment challenge grants to eligible institutions to establish or increase an endowment fund at such institution. Such grants shall be made only to eligible institutions described in paragraph (4) whose applications have been approved pursuant to subsection (g).
+
+(2) (A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), no institution shall receive a grant under this section, unless such institution has deposited in its endowment fund established under this section an amount equal to the amount of such grant. The source of funds for this institutional match shall not include Federal funds or funds from an existing endowment fund.
+
+(B) The Secretary may make a grant under this part to an eligible institution in any fiscal year if the institution—
+
+(i) applies for a grant in an amount not exceeding $1,000,000; and
+
+(ii) has deposited in the eligible institution’s endowment fund established under this section an amount which is equal to ½ of the amount of such grant.
+
+(C) An eligible institution of higher education that is awarded a grant under subparagraph (B) shall not be eligible to receive an additional grant under subparagraph (B) until 10 years after the date on which the grant period terminates.
+
+(3) The period of a grant under this section shall be not more than 20 years. During the grant period, an institution may not withdraw or expend any of the endowment fund corpus. After the termination of the grant period, an institution may use the endowment fund corpus plus any endowment fund income for any educational purpose.
+
+(4) (A) An institution of higher education is eligible to receive a grant under this section if it is an eligible institution as described in subsection (a)(2)(D) of this section.
+
+(B) No institution shall be ineligible for an endowment challenge grant under this section for a fiscal year by reason of the previous receipt of such a grant but no institution shall be eligible to receive such a grant for more than 2 fiscal years out of any period of 5 consecutive fiscal years.
+
+(5) An endowment challenge grant awarded under this section to an eligible institution shall be in an amount which is not less than $100,000 in any fiscal year.
+
+(6) (A) An eligible institution may designate a foundation, which was established for the purpose of raising money for the institution, as the recipient of the grant awarded under this section.
+
+(B) The Secretary shall not award a grant to a foundation on behalf of an institution unless—
+
+(i) the institution assures the Secretary that the foundation is legally authorized to receive the endowment fund corpus and is legally authorized to administer the fund in accordance with this section and any implementing regulation;
+
+(ii) the foundation agrees to administer the fund in accordance with the requirements of this section and any implementing regulation; and
+
+(iii) the institution agrees to be liable for any violation by the foundation of the provisions of this section and any implementing regulation, including any monetary liability that may arise as a result of such violation.
+
+(c) Grant agreement; endowment fund provisions (1) An institution awarded a grant under this section shall enter into an agreement with the Secretary containing satisfactory assurances that it will (A) immediately comply with the matching requirements of subsection (b)(2), (B) establish an endowment fund independent of any other such fund of the institution, (C) invest the endowment fund corpus, and (D) meet the other requirements of this section.
+
+(2) (A) An institution shall invest the endowment fund corpus and endowment fund income in low-risk securities in which a regulated insurance company may invest under the law of the State in which the institution is located such as a federally insured bank savings account or comparable interest-bearing account, certificate of deposit, money market fund, mutual fund, or obligations of the United States.
+
+(B) The institution, in investing the endowment fund established under this section, shall exercise the judgment and care, under the circumstances then prevailing, which a person of prudence, discretion, and intelligence would exercise in the management of such person’s own affairs.
+
+(3) (A) An institution may withdraw and expend the endowment fund income to defray any expenses necessary to the operation of such college, including expenses of operations and maintenance, administration, academic and support personnel, construction and renovation, community and student services programs, and technical assistance.
+
+(B) (i) Except as provided in clause (ii), an institution may not spend more than 50 percent of the total aggregate endowment fund income earned prior to the time of expenditure.
+
+(ii) The Secretary may permit an institution to spend more than 50 percent of the endowment fund income notwithstanding clause (i) if the institution demonstrates such an expenditure is necessary because of (I) a financial emergency, such as a pending insolvency or temporary liquidity problem; (II) a life-threatening situation occasioned by a natural disaster or arson; or (III) any other unusual occurrence or exigent circumstance.
+
+(d) Repayment provisions (1) If at any time an institution withdraws part of the endowment fund corpus, the institution shall repay to the Secretary an amount equal to 50 percent of the withdrawn amount, which represents the Federal share, plus income earned thereon. The Secretary may use such repaid funds to make additional challenge grants, or to increase existing endowment grants, to other eligible institutions.
+
+(2) If an institution expends more of the endowment fund income than is permitted under subsection (c), the institution shall repay the Secretary an amount equal to 50 percent of the amount improperly expended (representing the Federal share thereof). The Secretary may use such repaid fund to make additional challenge grants, or to increase existing challenge grants, to other eligible institutions.
+
+(e) Audit information An institution receiving a grant under this section shall provide to the Secretary (or a designee thereof) such information (or access thereto) as may be necessary to audit or examine expenditures made from the endowment fund corpus or income in order to determine compliance with this section.
+
+(f) Selection criteria In selecting eligible institutions for grants under this section for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall—
+
+(1) give priority to an applicant that is receiving assistance under part A or part B or has received a grant under part A of this subchapter or part B of this subchapter within the 5 fiscal years preceding the fiscal year in which the applicant is applying for a grant under this section;
+
+(2) give priority to an applicant with a greater need for such a grant, based on the current market value of the applicant’s existing endowment in relation to the number of full-time equivalent students enrolled at such institution; and
+
+(3) consider—
+
+(A) the effort made by the applicant to build or maintain its existing endowment fund; and
+
+(B) the degree to which an applicant proposes to match the grant with nongovernmental funds.
+
+(g) Application Any institution which is eligible for assistance under this section may submit to the Secretary a grant application at such time, in such form, and containing such information as the Secretary may prescribe, including a description of the long- and short-term plans for raising and using the funds under this part. Subject to the availability of appropriations to carry out this section and consistent with the requirement of subsection (f), the Secretary may approve an application for a grant if an institution, in its application, provides adequate assurances that it will comply with the requirements of this section.
+
+(h) Termination and recovery provisions (1) After notice and an opportunity for a hearing, the Secretary may terminate and recover a grant awarded under this section if the grantee institution—
+
+(A) expends portions of the endowment fund corpus or expends more than the permissible amount of the endowment funds income as prescribed in subsection (c)(3);
+
+(B) fails to invest the endowment fund in accordance with the investment standards set forth in subsection (c)(2); or
+
+(C) fails to properly account to the Secretary concerning the investment and expenditures of the endowment funds.
+
+(2) If the Secretary terminates a grant under paragraph (1), the grantee shall return to the Secretary an amount equal to the sum of each original grant under this section plus income earned thereon. The Secretary may use such repaid funds to make additional endowment grants, or to increase existing challenge grants, to other eligible institutions under this part.
+
+(i) Technical assistance The Secretary, directly or by grant or contract, may provide technical assistance to eligible institutions to prepare the institutions to qualify, apply for, and maintain a grant, under this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 331, formerly § 332, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1299; amended Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(12), June 3, 1987, 101 Stat. 336; renumbered § 331 and amended Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 304(a)(3), (b), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 476; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(a)(8), (10), (11), Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2457, 2458; Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 305, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1646; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 313, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3180.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 331 of Pub. L. 89–329, title III, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1298, related to establishment of challenge grant program, was classified to section 1064 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–325, § 304(a)(2). A prior section 1065, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 332, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title III, § 301, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1396, related to applications for challenge grants, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. Another prior section 1065, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 405, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1234; Pub. L. 90–575, title I, § 101(b)(2), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1017, related to allotment and reallotment of funds among the States, prior to the general revision of part A of subchapter IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 131(b)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 247. A prior section 1065a, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 333, as added Pub. L. 98–95, § 2, Sept. 26, 1983, 97 Stat. 708, established program of matching grants to increase endowments at eligible institutions of higher education, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (b)(2)(B)(i). Pub. L. 110–315, § 313(a)(1), substituted “$1,000,000” for “$500,000”. Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 110–315, § 313(a)(2), substituted “$100,000” for “$50,000”. Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 110–315, § 313(b), added subsec. (i). 1998—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 105–244, § 305(1), substituted “section 1068h” for “section 1069f”. Subsec. (b)(2)(B), (C). Pub. L. 105–244, § 305(2), added subpars. (B) and (C) and struck out former subpars. (B) and (C) which authorized Secretary to make grants under this part to eligible institutions in amounts which varied depending on amount appropriated in each fiscal year to carry out this part and limited rights of institutions to reapply for grants when amount appropriated was below specified amounts. 1993—Subsecs. (a)(2)(D), (b)(2)(B), (C), (5). Pub. L. 103–208 realigned margins and in subsec. (b)(5) substituted “An endowment” for “an endowment”. 1992—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 102–325, § 304(b)(1)(A), struck out “of higher education” after “eligible institutions”. Subsec. (a)(2)(D). Pub. L. 102–325, § 304(b)(1)(B), added subpar. (D). Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 102–325, § 304(b)(2), inserted “endowment” before “challenge grants” and struck out “of higher education” after “eligible institutions”. Subsec. (b)(2)(B), (C). Pub. L. 102–325, § 304(b)(3), amended subpars. (B) and (C) generally. Prior to amendment, subpars. (B) and (C) read as follows: “(B) In any fiscal year in which the appropriations for this part exceeds $10,000,000, the Secretary may make a grant under this part to an eligible institution of higher education if such institution— “(i) has deposited in its endowment fund established under this section an amount which is equal to one-half of the amount of such grant; and “(ii) applies for a grant in an amount exceeding $1,000,000. “(C) An eligible institution of higher education that is awarded a grant under this section shall not be eligible to reapply for a grant under this section during the 10 years immediately following the period that it received such grant.” Subsec. (b)(4)(A). Pub. L. 102–325, § 304(b)(4), substituted “subsection (a)(2)(D) of this section” for “section 1064(a)(1) of this title”. Subsec. (b)(4)(B). Pub. L. 102–325, § 304(b)(5), substituted “an endowment challenge grant” for “a challenge grant”. Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 102–325, § 304(b)(6), amended par. (5) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (5) read as follows: “Except as provided in paragraph (2)(B), a challenge grant under this section to an eligible institution year shall— “(A) not be less than $50,000 for any fiscal year; and “(B) not be more than (i) $250,000 for fiscal year 1987; or (ii) $500,000 for fiscal year 1988 or any succeeding fiscal year.” Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 102–325, § 304(b)(7), amended par. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (1) read as follows: “give priority to an applicant which is a recipient of a grant made under part A or B of this subchapter (or section 1069a of this title) during the academic year in which the applicant is applying for a grant under this section;”. Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 102–325, § 304(b)(8), inserted “, including a description of the long- and short-term plans for raising and using the funds under this part” before period at end of first sentence. 1987—Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 100–50 inserted “(or section 1069a of this title)”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1993 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 103–208 effective as if included in the Higher Education Amendments of 1992, Pub. L. 102–325, except as otherwise provided, see section 5(a) of Pub. L. 103–208, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1992 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 102–325 effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–50 effective as if enacted as part of the Higher Education Amendments of 1986, Pub. L. 99–498, see section 27 of Pub. L. 100–50, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1066.md

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1066"
+description: "Findings"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1066"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1066"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1066"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "ede9d254e4a112980558de53623bb8498f051a9ec4ed463249e509d01488b1da"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "50d0c263b813de2728c54c350b81da2f7c00d85d1981e0bf70bdf82f8c9ad71c"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1066 - Findings
+
+## Text
+
+The Congress finds that—
+
+(1) a significant part of the Federal mission in education has been to attain equal opportunity in higher education for low-income, educationally disadvantaged Americans and African Americans;
+
+(2) the Nation’s historically Black colleges and universities have played a prominent role in American history and have an unparalleled record of fostering the development of African American youth by recognizing their potential, enhancing their academic and technical skills, and honing their social and political skills through higher education;
+
+(3) the academic and residential facilities on the campuses of all historically Black colleges and universities have suffered from neglect, deferred maintenance and are in need of capital improvements in order to provide appropriate settings for learning and social development through higher education;
+
+(4) due to their small enrollments, limited endowments and other financial factors normally considered by lenders in construction financing, historically Black colleges and universities often lack access to the sources of funding necessary to undertake the necessary capital improvements through borrowing and bond financing;
+
+(5) despite their track record of long-standing and remarkable institutional longevity and viability, historically Black colleges and universities often lack the financial resources necessary to gain access to traditional sources of capital financing such as bank loans and bond financing; and
+
+(6) Federal assistance to facilitate low-cost capital basis for historically Black colleges and universities will enable such colleges and universities to continue and expand their educational mission and enhance their significant role in American higher education.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 341, formerly title VII, § 721, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title VII, § 704, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 741; renumbered title III, § 341, Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(3), (4), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1132c of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1066, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 351, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1302, and amended, which related to applications for assistance under this subchapter, was renumbered section 391 of Pub. L. 89–329 by Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(2), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, and transferred to section 1068 of this title. Another prior section 1066, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 341, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title III, § 301, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1396, related to applications for assistance, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. Another prior section 1066, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 406, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1234; Pub. L. 90–575, title I, § 101(b)(2), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1017, related to allocation of allotted funds to institutions, filing dates for application, criteria for making allocations, additional allocations and payments, prior to the general amendment of part A of subchapter IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 131(b)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 247.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DatePart effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as an Effective Date of 1992 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1066a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1066a"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1066a"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1066a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1066a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "27002d5db9d3d7cd0b3025bd1bbd8cd2db1630295aecf6d84f30e94e49b205b3"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "e1272c1a0d69dda5f6d576e9b082d6341594cf009aa8630fba7f242f81fafd4a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1066a - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+For the purposes of this part:
+
+(1) The term “eligible institution” means a “part B institution” as that term is defined in section 1061(2) of this title.
+
+(2) The term “loan” means a loan made to an eligible institution under the provisions of this part and pursuant to an agreement with the Secretary.
+
+(3) The term “qualified bond” means any obligation issued by the designated bonding authority at the direction of the Secretary, the net proceeds of which are loaned to an eligible institution for the purposes described in section 1066b(b) of this title.
+
+(4) The term “funding” means any payment under this part from the Secretary to the eligible institution or its assignee in fulfillment of the insurance obligations of the Secretary pursuant to an agreement under section 1066b of this title.
+
+(5) The term “capital project” means, subject to section 1066c(b) of this title, the repair, renovation, or, in exceptional circumstances, the construction or acquisition, of—
+
+(A) any classroom facility, library, laboratory facility, dormitory (including dining facilities) or other facility customarily used by colleges and universities for instructional or research purposes or for housing students, faculty, and staff;
+
+(B) a facility for the administration of an educational program, or a student center or student union, except that not more than 5 percent of the loan proceeds provided under this part may be used for the facility, center or union if the facility, center or union is owned, leased, managed, or operated by a private business, that, in return for such use, makes a payment to the eligible institution;
+
+(C) instructional equipment, technology, research instrumentation, and any capital equipment or fixture related to facilities described in subparagraph (A);
+
+(D) a maintenance, storage, or utility facility that is essential to the operation of a facility, a library, a dormitory, equipment, instrumentation, a fixture, real property or an interest therein, described in this paragraph;
+
+(E) a facility designed to provide primarily outpatient health care for students or faculty;
+
+(F) physical infrastructure essential to support the projects authorized under this paragraph, including roads, sewer and drainage systems, and water, power, lighting, telecommunications, and other utilities;
+
+(G) any other facility, equipment or fixture which is essential to the maintaining of accreditation of the member institution by an accrediting agency or association recognized by the Secretary under subpart 2 of part H of subchapter IV; and
+
+(H) any real property or interest therein underlying facilities described in subparagraph (A) or (G).
+
+(6) The term “interest” includes accredited value or any other payment constituting interest on an obligation.
+
+(7) The term “outstanding”, when used with respect to bonds, shall not include bonds the payment of which shall have been provided for by the irrevocable deposit in trust of obligations maturing as to principal and interest in such amounts and at such times as will ensure the availability of sufficient moneys to make payments on such bonds.
+
+(8) The term “designated bonding authority” means the private, for-profit corporation selected by the Secretary pursuant to section 1066d(1) of this title for the purpose of issuing taxable capital project construction bonds in furtherance of the purposes of this part.
+
+(9) The term “Advisory Board” means the Advisory Board established by section 1066f of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 342, formerly title VII, § 722, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title VII, § 704, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 742; renumbered title III, § 342, and amended Pub. L. 105–244, title III, §§ 301(a)(3), (4), (c)(4), 306(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, 1637, 1646; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, §§ 314(a), 320(1), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3180, 3187.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1132c–1 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 342 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1067 of this title prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.
+
+Amendments2008—Par. (5). Pub. L. 110–315, § 320(1)(A), inserted a comma after “1066c(b) of this title” in introductory provisions. Par. (5)(C). Pub. L. 110–315, § 320(1)(B), substituted “equipment, technology,” for “equipment technology,,”. Par. (5)(G). Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(a)(1), substituted “by an accrediting agency or association recognized by the Secretary under subpart 2 of part H of subchapter IV” for “by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or association”. Par. (8). Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(a)(2), inserted “capital project” after “issuing taxable”. 1998—Par. (3). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(4)(A), substituted “section 1066b(b)” for “section 1132c–2(b)”. Par. (4). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(4)(B), substituted “section 1066b” for “section 1132c–2”. Par. (5). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(4)(C), substituted “section 1066c(b)” for “section 1132c–3(b)” in introductory provisions. Par. (5)(B). Pub. L. 105–244, § 306(a)(2), added subpar. (B). Former subpar. (B) redesignated (C). Par. (5)(C). Pub. L. 105–244, § 306(a)(1), (3), redesignated subpar. (B) as (C) and inserted “technology,” after “instructional equipment”. Former subpar. (C) redesignated (G). Par. (5)(D) to (F). Pub. L. 105–244, § 306(a)(4), added subpars. (D) to (F). Former subpar. (D) redesignated (H). Par. (5)(G). Pub. L. 105–244, § 306(a)(1), redesignated subpar. (C) as (G). Par. (5)(H). Pub. L. 105–244, § 306(a)(1), (5), redesignated subpar. (D) as (H) and substituted “(G)” for “(C)”. Par. (8). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(4)(D), substituted “section 1066d(1)” for “section 1132c–4(1)”. Par. (9). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(4)(E), substituted “section 1066f” for “section 1132c–6”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1066b.md

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1066b"
+description: "Federal insurance for bonds"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1066b"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1066b"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1066b"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "045c4c1c2d9b8e955762783dcf0e84e7e7edcbf42f8214b3f3550b7414818c31"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "6782e193a77057ae8d5deecbdfeaea088925e4e8e2515277f7aa50d0cdbd3c13"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1066b - Federal insurance for bonds
+
+## Text
+
+(a) General rule Subject to the limitations in section 1066c of this title, the Secretary is authorized to enter into insurance agreements to provide financial insurance to guarantee the full payment of principal and interest on qualified bonds upon the conditions set forth in subsections (b), (c) and (d).
+
+(b) Responsibilities of designated bonding authority The Secretary may not enter into an insurance agreement described in subsection (a) unless the Secretary designates a qualified bonding authority in accordance with sections 1066d(1) and 1066e 11 See References in Text note below. of this title and the designated bonding authority agrees in such agreement to—
+
+(1) use the proceeds of the qualified bonds, less costs of issuance not to exceed 2 percent of the principal amount thereof, to make loans to eligible institutions or for deposit into an escrow account for repayment of the bonds;
+
+(2) provide in each loan agreement with respect to a loan that not less than 95 percent of the proceeds of the loan will be used—
+
+(A) to finance the repair, renovation, and, in exceptional cases, construction or acquisition, of a capital project; or
+
+(B) to refinance an obligation the proceeds of which were used to finance the repair, renovation, and, in exceptional cases, construction or acquisition, of a capital project;
+
+(3) (A) charge such interest on loans, and provide for such a schedule of repayments of loans, as will, upon the timely repayment of the loans, provide adequate and timely funds for the payment of principal and interest on the bonds; and
+
+(B) require that any payment on a loan expected to be necessary to make a payment of principal and interest on the bonds be due not less than 60 days prior to the date of the payment on the bonds for which such loan payment is expected to be needed;
+
+(4) prior to the making of any loan, provide for a credit review of the institution receiving the loan and assure the Secretary that, on the basis of such credit review, it is reasonable to anticipate that the institution receiving the loan will be able to repay the loan in a timely manner pursuant to the terms thereof;
+
+(5) provide in each loan agreement with respect to a loan that, if a delinquency on such loan results in a funding under the insurance agreement, the institution obligated on such loan shall repay the Secretary, upon terms to be determined by the Secretary, for such funding;
+
+(6) assign any loans to the Secretary, upon the demand of the Secretary, if a delinquency on such loan has required a funding under the insurance agreement;
+
+(7) in the event of a delinquency on a loan, engage in such collection efforts as the Secretary shall require for a period of not less than 45 days prior to requesting a funding under the insurance agreement;
+
+(8) establish an escrow account—
+
+(A) into which each eligible institution shall deposit 5 percent of the proceeds of any loan made under this part, with each eligible institution required to maintain in the escrow account an amount equal to 5 percent of the outstanding principal of all loans made to such institution under this part; and
+
+(B) the balance of which—
+
+(i) shall be available to the Secretary to pay principal and interest on the bonds in the event of delinquency in loan repayment; and
+
+(ii) shall be used to return to an eligible institution an amount equal to any remaining portion of such institution’s 5 percent deposit of loan proceeds within 120 days following scheduled repayment of such institution’s loan;
+
+(9) provide in each loan agreement with respect to a loan that, if a delinquency on such loan results in amounts being withdrawn from the escrow account to pay principal and interest on bonds, subsequent payments on such loan shall be available to replenish such escrow account;
+
+(10) comply with the limitations set forth in section 1066c of this title;
+
+(11) make loans only to eligible institutions under this part in accordance with conditions prescribed by the Secretary to ensure that loans are fairly allocated among as many eligible institutions as possible, consistent with making loans of amounts that will permit capital projects of sufficient size and scope to significantly contribute to the educational program of the eligible institutions; and
+
+(12) limit loan collateralization, with respect to any loan made under this part, to 100 percent of the loan amount, except as otherwise required by the Secretary.
+
+(c) Additional agreement provisions Any insurance agreement described in subsection (a) of this section shall provide as follows:
+
+(1) The payment of principal and interest on bonds shall be insured by the Secretary until such time as such bonds have been retired or canceled.
+
+(2) The Federal liability for delinquencies and default for bonds guaranteed under this part shall only become effective upon the exhaustion of all the funds held in the escrow account described in subsection (b)(8).
+
+(3) The Secretary shall create a letter of credit authorizing the Department of the Treasury to disburse funds to the designated bonding authority or its assignee.
+
+(4) The letter of credit shall be drawn upon in the amount determined by paragraph (5) of this subsection upon the certification of the designated bonding authority to the Secretary or the Secretary’s designee that there is a delinquency on 1 or more loans and there are insufficient funds available from loan repayments and the escrow account to make a scheduled payment of principal and interest on the bonds.
+
+(5) Upon receipt by the Secretary or the Secretary’s designee of the certification described in paragraph (4) of this subsection, the designated bonding authority may draw a funding under the letter of credit in an amount equal to—
+
+(A) the amount required to make the next scheduled payment of principal and interest on the bonds, less
+
+(B) the amount available to the designated bonding authority from loan repayments and the escrow account.
+
+(6) All funds provided under the letter of credit shall be paid to the designated bonding authority within 2 business days following receipt of the certification described in paragraph (4).
+
+(d) Full faith and credit provisions Subject to subsection (c)(1) the full faith and credit of the United States is pledged to the payment of all funds which may be required to be paid under the provisions of this section.
+
+(e) Sale of qualified bonds Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a qualified bond guaranteed under this part may be sold to any party that offers terms that the Secretary determines are in the best interest of the eligible institution.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 343, formerly title VII, § 723, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title VII, § 704, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 743; amended Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 360C, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3972; renumbered title III, § 343, and amended Pub. L. 105–244, title III, §§ 301(a)(3), (4), (c)(5), 306(b), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, 1637, 1646; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, §§ 314(b), 320(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3181, 3187.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextSection 1066e of this title, referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 306(d), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1647.
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1132c–2 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 343 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1068 of this title prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (b)(8)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(b)(1)(B), inserted “within 120 days” after “loan proceeds”. Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(b)(1)(A), which directed the substitution of “5” for “10”, could not be executed because “10” did not appear subsequent to amendment by Pub. L. 105–244, § 306(b)(1). See 1998 Amendment note below. Subsec. (b)(12). Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(b)(2)–(4), added par. (12). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 110–315, § 320(2), inserted heading. 1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(5)(A), substituted “section 1066c” for “section 1132c–3”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(5)(B)(i), substituted “sections 1066d(1) and 1066e” for “sections 1132c–4(1) and 1132c–5” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (b)(8). Pub. L. 105–244, § 306(b)(1), substituted “5 percent” for “10 percent” wherever appearing. Subsec. (b)(10). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(5)(B)(ii), substituted “section 1066c” for “section 1132c–3”. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(5)(B)(iii), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to subsection (c)(1) of this section. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 105–244, § 306(b)(2), added subsec. (e). 1994—Subsec. (b)(8)(A). Pub. L. 103–382, § 360C(1)(A), inserted before semicolon “, with each eligible institution required to maintain in the escrow account an amount equal to 10 percent of the outstanding principal of all loans made to such institution under this part”. Subsec. (b)(8)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 103–382, § 360C(1)(B), amended cl. (ii) generally. Prior to amendment, cl. (ii) read as follows: “when all bonds under this part are retired or canceled, shall be divided among the eligible institutions making deposits into such account on the basis of the amount of each such institution’s deposit;”. Subsec. (b)(11). Pub. L. 103–382, § 360C(2), substituted “conditions” for “regulations”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1066c.md

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1066c"
+description: "Limitations on Federal insurance for bonds issued by designated bonding authority"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1066c"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1066c"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1066c"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "50016c35dd80f30e891edfb71aaa331737cac9541e6e9c05e7d064a6c605b225"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "cf2994006ca95fa24e7bdbdfdf9ace9fbfced069224c01142976f0b47613930a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1066c - Limitations on Federal insurance for bonds issued by designated bonding authority
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Limit on amount At no time shall the aggregate principal amount of outstanding bonds insured under this part together with any accrued unpaid interest thereon exceed $1,100,000,000, of which—
+
+(1) not more than $733,333,333 shall be used for loans to eligible institutions that are private historically Black colleges and universities; and
+
+(2) not more than $366,666,667 shall be used for loans to eligible institutions which are historically Black public colleges and universities.
+
+For purposes of paragraphs (1) and (2), Lincoln University of Pennsylvania is an historically Black public institution. No institution of higher education that has received assistance under section 123 of this title shall be eligible to receive assistance under this part.
+
+(b) Limitation on credit authority The authority of the Secretary to issue letters of credit and insurance under this part is effective only to the extent provided in advance by appropriations Acts.
+
+(c) Religious activity prohibition No loan may be made under this part for any educational program, activity or service related to sectarian instruction or religious worship or provided by a school or department of divinity or to an institution in which a substantial portion of its functions is subsumed in a religious mission.
+
+(d) Discrimination prohibition No loan may be made to an institution under this part if the institution discriminates on account of race, color, religion, national origin, sex (to the extent provided in title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 [20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.]), or disabling condition; except that the prohibition with respect to religion shall not apply to an institution which is controlled by or which is closely identified with the tenets of a particular religious organization if the application of this section would not be consistent with the religious tenets of such organization.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 344, formerly title VII, § 724, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title VII, § 704, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 745; renumbered title III, § 344, Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(3), (4), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 314(c), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3181.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Education Amendments of 1972, referred to in subsec. (d), is Pub. L. 92–318, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 235. Title IX of the Act, known as the Patsy Takemoto Mink Equal Opportunity in Education Act, is classified principally to chapter 38 (§ 1681 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of title IX to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1681 of this title and Tables.
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1132c–3 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 344 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1069 of this title prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(c)(1), substituted “$1,100,000,000” for “$375,000,000” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(c)(2), substituted “$733,333,333” for “$250,000,000”. Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(c)(3), substituted “$366,666,667” for “$125,000,000”.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1066d.md

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1066d"
+description: "Authority of Secretary"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1066d"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1066d"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1066d"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "a51295d717c05c5e85c1334058114c07fa27d83b6d22fd0d6b00223d1633d186"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "861c31d99885799dd2b57e3f3348e5b943d5231b7cc894236702ec2020740732"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1066d - Authority of Secretary
+
+## Text
+
+In the performance of, and with respect to, the functions vested in the Secretary by this part, the Secretary—
+
+(1) shall, within 120 days of August 14, 2008, publish in the Federal Register a notice and request for proposals for any private for-profit organization or entity wishing to serve as the designated bonding authority under this part, which notice shall—
+
+(A) specify the time and manner for submission of proposals; and
+
+(B) specify any information, qualifications, criteria, or standards the Secretary determines to be necessary to evaluate the financial capacity and administrative capability of any applicant to carry out the responsibilities of the designated bonding authority under this part;
+
+(2) shall ensure that—
+
+(A) the selection process for the designated bonding authority is conducted on a competitive basis; and
+
+(B) the evaluation and selection process is transparent;
+
+(3) shall—
+
+(A) review the performance of the designated bonding authority after the third year of the insurance agreement; and
+
+(B) following the review described in subparagraph (A), implement a revised competitive selection process, if determined necessary by the Secretary in consultation with the Advisory Board established pursuant to section 1066f of this title;
+
+(4) shall require that the first loans for capital projects authorized under section 1066b of this title be made no later than March 31, 1994;
+
+(5) may sue and be sued in any court of record of a State having general jurisdiction or in any district court of the United States, and such district courts shall have jurisdiction of civil actions arising under this part without regard to the amount in controversy, and any action instituted under this part without regard to the amount in controversy, and any action instituted under this section by or against the Secretary shall survive notwithstanding any change in the person occupying the office of the Secretary or any vacancy in such office;
+
+(6) (A) may foreclose on any property and bid for and purchase at any foreclosure, or any other sale, any property in connection with which the Secretary has been assigned a loan pursuant to this part; and
+
+(B) in the event of such an acquisition, notwithstanding any other provisions of law relating to the acquisition, handling, or disposal of real property by the United States, complete, administer, remodel and convert, dispose of, lease, and otherwise deal with, such property, except that—
+
+(i) such action shall not preclude any other action by the Secretary to recover any deficiency in the amount of a loan assigned to the Secretary; and
+
+(ii) any such acquisition of real property shall not deprive any State or political subdivision thereof of its civil or criminal jurisdiction in and over such property or impair the civil rights under the State or local laws of the inhabitants on such property;
+
+(7) may sell, exchange, or lease real or personal property and securities or obligations;
+
+(8) may include in any contract such other covenants, conditions, or provisions necessary to ensure that the purposes of this part will be achieved;
+
+(9) may, directly or by grant or contract, provide technical assistance to eligible institutions to prepare the institutions to qualify, apply for, and maintain a capital improvement loan, including a loan under this part; and
+
+(10) not later than 120 days after August 14, 2008, shall submit to the authorizing committees a report on the progress of the Department in implementing the recommendations made by the Government Accountability Office in October 2006 for improving the Historically Black College and Universities Capital Financing Program.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 345, formerly title VII, § 725, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title VII, § 704, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 745; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(16), Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2481; renumbered title III, § 345, and amended Pub. L. 105–244, title III, §§ 301(a)(3), (4), (c)(6), 306(c), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, 1637, 1647; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 314(d), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3181.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1132c–4 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 345 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1069a of this title prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.
+
+Amendments2008—Par. (1). Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(d)(1), substituted “August 14, 2008,” for “July 23, 1992,” in introductory provisions. Pars. (2) to (9). Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(d)(2), (3), added pars. (2) and (3) and redesignated former pars. (2) to (7) as (4) to (9), respectively. Par. (10). Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(d)(4)–(6), added par. (10). 1998—Par. (2). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(6), substituted “section 1066b” for “section 1132c–2”. Par. (7). Pub. L. 105–244, § 306(c), added par. (7). 1993—Pars. (2) to (6). Pub. L. 103–208 added par. (2) and redesignated former pars. (2) to (5) as (3) to (6), respectively.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1993 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 103–208 effective as if included in the Higher Education Amendments of 1992, Pub. L. 102–325, except as otherwise provided, see section 5(a) of Pub. L. 103–208, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1066e.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1066e"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 306(d), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1647"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1066e"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1066e"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1066e"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "a425defd7eeb602a670f453e9e389e27e6be58b38721fa6a6633a9e5952905dd"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "6b2ac16b3e5378025993cbcb7af25cb731c4687b897a9fa5bc0aa1898f3415e2"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1066e - Repealed. Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 306(d), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1647
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 346, formerly title VII, § 726, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title VII, § 704, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 746; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(17), Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2481; renumbered title III, § 346, Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(3), (4), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, prohibited institution receiving a loan under this part from receiving grant under former part A of subchapter VII of this chapter.
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1132c–5 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of RepealRepeal effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as an Effective Date of 1998 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1066f.md

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1066f"
+description: "HBCU Capital Financing Advisory Board"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1066f"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1066f"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1066f"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "777a0dc2a2ba6a3bb00e99531e596c1f2f5c5b73303beacd2c215626a2af0c61"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "585ddbe1b4f95c236c1320eb5a2e9d497200c00e7929df437e690223d76076d4"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1066f - HBCU Capital Financing Advisory Board
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Establishment and purpose There is established within the Department of Education, the Historically Black College and Universities Capital Financing Advisory Board (hereinafter in this part referred to as the “Advisory Board”) which shall provide advice and counsel to the Secretary and the designated bonding authority as to the most effective and efficient means of implementing construction financing on African American college campuses, and advise the Congress of the United States regarding the progress made in implementing this part. The Advisory Board shall meet with the Secretary at least twice each year to advise him as to the capital needs of historically Black colleges and universities, how those needs can be met through the program authorized by this part, and what additional steps might be taken to improve the operation and implementation of the construction financing program.
+
+(b) Board membership (1) Composition The Advisory Board shall be appointed by the Secretary and shall be composed of 11 members as follows:
+
+(A) The Secretary or the Secretary’s designee.
+
+(B) Three members who are presidents of private historically Black colleges or universities.
+
+(C) Three members who are presidents of public historically Black colleges or universities.
+
+(D) The president of the United Negro College Fund, Inc., or the president’s designee.
+
+(E) The president of the National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education, or the designee of the Association.
+
+(F) The executive director of the White House Initiative on historically Black colleges and universities.
+
+(G) The president of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund, or the designee of the president.
+
+(2) Terms The term of office of each member appointed under paragraphs (1)(B) and (1)(C) shall be 3 years, except that—
+
+(A) of the members first appointed pursuant to paragraphs (1)(B) and (1)(C), 2 shall be appointed for terms of 1 year, and 3 shall be appointed for terms of 2 years;
+
+(B) members appointed to fill a vacancy occurring before the expiration of a term of a member shall be appointed to serve the remainder of that term; and
+
+(C) a member may continue to serve after the expiration of a term until a successor is appointed.
+
+(c) Additional recommendations from Advisory Board (1) In general In addition to the responsibilities of the Advisory Board described in subsection (a), the Advisory Board shall advise the Secretary and the authorizing committees regarding—
+
+(A) the fiscal status and strategic financial condition of not less than ten historically Black colleges and universities that have—
+
+(i) obtained construction financing through the program under this part and seek additional financing or refinancing under such program; or
+
+(ii) applied for construction financing through the program under this part but have not received financing under such program; and
+
+(B) the feasibility of reducing borrowing costs associated with the program under this part, including reducing interest rates.
+
+(2) Report Not later than six months after August 14, 2008, the Advisory Board shall prepare and submit a report to the authorizing committees regarding the historically Black colleges and universities described in paragraph (1)(A) that includes administrative and legislative recommendations for addressing the issues related to construction financing facing such historically Black colleges and universities.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 347, formerly title VII, § 727, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title VII, § 704, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 746; renumbered title III, § 347, and amended Pub. L. 105–244, title III, §§ 301(a)(3), (4), 306(e), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, 1647; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 314(e), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3182.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1132c–6 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 347 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1069c of this title prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498.
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(e)(1)(A), substituted “11 members” for “9 members” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (b)(1)(C). Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(e)(1)(B), substituted “Three members” for “Two members”. Subsec. (b)(1)(G). Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(e)(1)(C), added subpar. (G). Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–315, § 314(e)(2), added subsec. (c). 1998—Subsec. (b)(1)(D). Pub. L. 105–244, § 306(e)(1)(A), inserted “, or the president’s designee.” after “Fund, Inc.” Subsec. (b)(1)(E). Pub. L. 105–244, § 306(e)(1)(B), inserted “, or the designee of the Association” before the period. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 105–244, § 306(e)(2), struck out heading and text of subsec. (c). Text read as follows: “There are authorized to be appropriated $50,000 for fiscal year 1993 and each of the 4 succeeding fiscal years to carry out this section.”
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Termination of Advisory BoardsAdvisory boards established after Jan. 5, 1973, to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date of their establishment, unless, in the case of a board established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such board is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a board established by Congress, its duration is otherwise provided by law. See sections 1001(2) and 1013 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1066g.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1066g"
+description: "Minority business enterprise utilization"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1066g"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1066g"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1066g"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "08edbbc4855e6528b6dc2d08e80fa5d2e132c61033cd0e0b969c9c290ef29449"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "0dbe0a150f06a0f9c6ed12f3f4d48465a76bb7cd9a5d35643e759083f6df7452"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1066g - Minority business enterprise utilization
+
+## Text
+
+In the performance of and with respect to the Secretary’s effectuation of his responsibilities under section 1066d(1) of this title and to the maximum extent feasible in the implementation of the purposes of this part, minority business persons, including bond underwriters and credit enhancers, bond counsel, marketers, accountants, advisors, construction contractors, and managers should be utilized.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 348, formerly title VII, § 728, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title VII, § 704, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 747; renumbered title III, § 348, and amended Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(3), (4), (c)(7), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, 1637.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1132c–7 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Amendments1998—Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(7), substituted “section 1066d(1)” for “section 1132c–4(1)”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067"
+description: "Findings"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "3d05dc4501551de5641adb500f48d0b3aa24ced9e476aea157ff1d124ad9fa47"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "c644c771fd5a30b6db155ee3f8a59212b1a5fba63ef1ef097b6816d757b8b298"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067 - Findings
+
+## Text
+
+Congress makes the following findings:
+
+(1) It is incumbent on the Federal Government to support the technological and economic competitiveness of the United States by improving and expanding the scientific and technological capacity of the United States. More and better prepared scientists, engineers, and technical experts are needed to improve and expand such capacity.
+
+(2) As the Nation’s population becomes more diverse, it is important that the educational and training needs of all Americans are met. Underrepresentation of minorities in science and technological fields diminishes our Nation’s competitiveness by impairing the quantity of well prepared scientists, engineers, and technical experts in these fields.
+
+(3) Despite significant limitations in resources, minority institutions provide an important educational opportunity for minority students, particularly in science and engineering fields. Aid to minority institutions is a good way to address the underrepresentation of minorities in science and technological fields.
+
+(4) There is a strong Federal interest in improving science and engineering programs at minority institutions as such programs lag behind in program offerings and in student enrollment compared to such programs at other institutions of higher education.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 350, as added Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 307(a), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1647.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1067, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 352, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1304, and amended, which related to waiver authority and reporting requirement, was renumbered section 392 of Pub. L. 89–329 by Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(2), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, and transferred to section 1068a of this title. Another prior section 1067, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 342, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title III, § 301, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1398, set waiver authority and reporting requirements for this part, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. Another prior section 1067, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 407, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1234; Pub. L. 90–575, title I, §§ 101(b)(2), 103, 104, Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1017, 1018, related to agreements with institutions, required provisions and use of funds as additional Federal capital contribution for student loan fund, prior to the general amendment of part A of subchapter IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 131(b)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 247.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as an Effective Date of 1998 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067a"
+description: "Purpose; authority"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067a"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "be1dd7eadb773ca50d02d4c33881d5f2a11f9a316303693f22ce675cdc7ccb84"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "b7347399df83437752f33c5890355edb291ed4b8fc4e08c673c559f7b0764dbd"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067a - Purpose; authority
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Congressional declaration of purpose It is the purpose of this subpart to continue the authority of the Department to operate the Minority Institutions Science Improvement Program created under section 1862(a)(1) of title 42 and transferred to the Department by section 3444(a)(1) of this title.
+
+(b) Grant authority The Secretary shall, in accordance with the provisions of this subpart, carry out a program of making grants to institutions of higher education that are designed to effect long-range improvement in science and engineering education at predominantly minority institutions and to increase the participation of underrepresented ethnic minorities, particularly minority women, in scientific and technological careers.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 351, formerly title X, § 1021, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title X, § 1002, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1561; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title X, § 1002(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 780; renumbered title III, § 351, Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(5), (7), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636; Pub. L. 111–39, title III, § 301(5), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1937.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1135b of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 351 of Pub. L. 89–329 was renumbered section 391 and is classified to section 1068 of this title.
+
+Amendments2009—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 111–39 made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 3444(a)(1) of this title. 1992—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 102–325 inserted “, particularly minority women,” after “ethnic minorities”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1992 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 102–325 effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067b.md

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067b"
+description: "Grant recipient selection"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067b"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067b"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067b"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "fcd38ebcf7ba62d823c9067ab3030dc49a27a837723b513457b2106863c6317c"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "43340cd79201c3c3244c2ac3dadda3d8e8fe7f96d17e74d77854c7114b45b9d0"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067b - Grant recipient selection
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Establishment of criteria Grants under this subpart shall be awarded on the basis of criteria established by the Secretary by regulations.
+
+(b) Priorities to be given in criteria In establishing criteria under subsection (a), the Secretary shall give priority to applicants which have not previously received funding from the Minority Institutions Science Improvement Program and to previous grantees with a proven record of success, as well as to applications that contribute to achieving balance among projects with respect to geographic region, academic discipline, and project type.
+
+(c) Required criteria In establishing criteria under subsection (a), the Secretary may consider the following selection criteria in making grants:
+
+(1) plan of operation;
+
+(2) quality of key personnel;
+
+(3) budget and cost effectiveness;
+
+(4) evaluation plan;
+
+(5) adequacy of resources;
+
+(6) identification of need for the project;
+
+(7) potential institutional impact of the project;
+
+(8) institutional commitment to the project;
+
+(9) expected outcomes; and
+
+(10) scientific and educational value of the proposed project.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 352, formerly title X, § 1022, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title X, § 1002, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1561; renumbered title III, § 352, Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(5), (7), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1135b–1 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 352 of Pub. L. 89–329 was renumbered section 392 and is classified to section 1068a of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067c.md

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067c"
+description: "Use of funds"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067c"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067c"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067c"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "c2fa02ef647cafd857935c169487d99d11c68ad1897f89a409ffa875fa9e0012"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "007356078e8ded7a9dc7dcc35da68b05f58d37b3039e2f8c5183feaa682362b2"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067c - Use of funds
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Types of grants Funds appropriated to carry out this subpart may be made available as—
+
+(1) institutional grants (as defined in section 1067k(6) of this title);
+
+(2) cooperative grants (as defined in section 1067k(7) of this title);
+
+(3) design projects (as defined in section 1067k(8) of this title); or
+
+(4) special projects (as defined in section 1067k(9) of this title).
+
+(b) Authorized uses for each type of grant (1) The authorized uses of funds made available as institutional grants include (but are not limited to)—
+
+(A) faculty development programs; or
+
+(B) development of curriculum materials.
+
+(2) The authorized uses of funds made available as cooperative grants include (but are not limited to)—
+
+(A) assisting institutions in sharing facilities and personnel;
+
+(B) disseminating information about established programs in science and engineering;
+
+(C) supporting cooperative efforts to strengthen the institutions’ science and engineering programs; or
+
+(D) carrying out a combination of any of the activities in subparagraphs (A) through (C).
+
+(3) The authorized uses of funds made available as design projects include (but are not limited to)—
+
+(A) developing planning, management, and evaluation systems; or
+
+(B) developing plans for initiating scientific research and for improving institutions’ capabilities for such activities.
+
+Funds used for design project grants may not be used to pay more than 50 percent of the salaries during any academic year of faculty members involved in the project.
+
+(4) The authorized uses of funds made available as special projects include (but are not limited to)—
+
+(A) advanced science seminars;
+
+(B) science faculty workshops and conferences;
+
+(C) faculty training to develop specific science research or education skills;
+
+(D) research in science education;
+
+(E) programs for visiting scientists;
+
+(F) preparation of films or audio-visual materials in science;
+
+(G) development of learning experiences in science beyond those normally available to minority undergraduate students;
+
+(H) development of pre-college enrichment activities in science; or
+
+(I) any other activities designed to address specific barriers to the entry of minorities into science.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 353, formerly title X, § 1023, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title X, § 1002, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1562; renumbered title III, § 353, and amended Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(5), (7), (c)(8), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, 1637.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1135b–2 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 353 of Pub. L. 89–329 was renumbered section 393 and is classified to section 1068b of this title.
+
+Amendments1998—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(8)(A), substituted “section 1067k(6)” for “section 1135d–5(6)”. Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(8)(B), substituted “section 1067k(7)” for “section 1135d–5(7)”. Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(8)(C), substituted “section 1067k(8)” for “section 1135d–5(8)”. Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(8)(D), substituted “section 1067k(9)” for “section 1135d–5(9)”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067d.md

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067d"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 111–39, title III, § 302, July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1938"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067d"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067d"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067d"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "28a776f38b216aaf61cc7c20807db5c34d321abfef4834cad094df4f53060a0c"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "cb05e853f89fdb9cd706e9a8b8bc2d2aaf4b113d3ba9718dca7e55f43fd63348"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067d - Repealed. Pub. L. 111–39, title III, § 302, July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1938
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, formerly title X, § 1024, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title X, § 1002, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1562; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title X, § 1002(b), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 780; renumbered title III, Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(5), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, required Secretary to submit to President and Congress a report by Jan. 1, 1996, summarizing and evaluating Federal programs to increase minority participation and representation in scientific fields.
+
+Section was formerly classified to section 1135b–3 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of RepealRepeal effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as an Effective Date of 2009 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067e-1.md

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067e–1"
+description: "Promotion of entry into STEM fields"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067e–1"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067e–1"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067e–1"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "32a395ed21103145a74fda58c3e617babd54f4c394c5268504c259df459d464a"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "4f0b23abd63c2865333fd2ee7ed15e1011dbc7e9570fe7aab5cb693c170d0559"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067e–1 - Promotion of entry into STEM fields
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Authority to contract, subject to appropriations The Secretary is authorized to enter into a contract with a firm with a demonstrated record of success in advertising to implement a campaign to expand the population of qualified individuals in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields (referred to in this section as “STEM fields”) by encouraging young Americans to enter such fields.
+
+(b) Design of campaign The campaign under this section shall be designed to enhance the image of education and professions in the STEM fields and promote participation in the STEM fields, and may include—
+
+(1) monitoring trends in youths’ attitudes toward pursuing education and professions in the STEM fields and their propensity toward entering the STEM fields;
+
+(2) determining what factors contribute to encouraging and discouraging Americans from pursuing study in STEM fields and entering the STEM fields professionally;
+
+(3) determining what specific factors limit the participation of groups currently underrepresented in STEM fields, including Latinos, African-Americans, and women; and
+
+(4) drawing from the market research performed under this section and implementing an advertising campaign to encourage young Americans to take up studies in STEM fields, beginning at an early age.
+
+(c) Required components The campaign under this section shall—
+
+(1) include components that focus tailored messages on appropriate age groups, starting with elementary school students; and
+
+(2) link participation in the STEM fields to the concept of service to one’s country, so that young people will be encouraged to enter the STEM fields in order fulfill the obligation to be of service to their country.
+
+(d) Priority The campaign under this section shall hold as a high priority making specific appeals to Hispanic Americans, African Americans, Native Americans, students with disabilities, and women, who are currently underrepresented in the STEM fields, in order to increase their numbers in the STEM fields, and shall tailor recruitment efforts to each specific group.
+
+(e) Use of variety of media The campaign under this section shall make use of a variety of media, with an emphasis on television advertising, to reach its intended audience.
+
+(f) Teaching The campaign under this section shall include a narrowly focused effort to attract current professionals in the STEM fields, through advertising in mediums likely to reach that specific group, into teaching in a STEM field in elementary schools and secondary schools.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 356, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 315(a)(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3183.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 356 of Pub. L. 89–329 was renumbered section 395 and is classified to section 1068d of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067e-2.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067e–2"
+description: "Evaluation and accountability plan"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067e–2"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067e–2"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067e–2"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "f04bd4be3143e3106a89a26772151d08d65d4dd3f018d2d15dee31eddddfec2e"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "a37a0efcdf918243d1f0127adafa112553d39a39a5326f5b89e10d49902be710"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067e–2 - Evaluation and accountability plan
+
+## Text
+
+The Secretary shall develop an evaluation and accountability plan for projects funded under this subpart. Such plan shall include, if the Secretary determines that it is practical, an objective measure of the impact of such projects, such as a measure of whether underrepresented minority student enrollment in courses related to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics increases at the secondary and postsecondary levels.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 357, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 315(a)(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3184.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 357 of Pub. L. 89–329 was renumbered section 396 and is classified to section 1068e of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067e.md

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067e"
+description: "YES partnerships grant program"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067e"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067e"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067e"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "494e7a658919de551f77e1bc32930d1f51a9e2a379c04c4ff7e195ff2b158445"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "3b554056c9049f8529b2c76b58eb855149b0c1d6031027028c1717ce696e1780"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067e - YES partnerships grant program
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Grant program authorized Subject to the availability of appropriations to carry out this subpart, the Secretary shall make grants to eligible partnerships (as described in subsection (f)) to support the engagement of underrepresented minority youth and youth who are low-income individuals (as such term is defined in section 1058 of this title) in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics through outreach and hands-on, experiential-based learning projects that encourage students in kindergarten through grade 12 who are underrepresented minority youth or low-income individuals to pursue careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.
+
+(b) Minimum grant amount A grant awarded to a partnership under this subpart shall be for an amount that is not less than $500,000.
+
+(c) Duration A grant awarded under this subpart shall be for a period of five years.
+
+(d) Non-Federal matching share required A partnership receiving a grant under this subpart shall provide, from non-Federal sources, in cash or in-kind, an amount equal to 50 percent of the costs of the project supported by such grant.
+
+(e) Distribution of grants In awarding grants under this subpart, the Secretary shall ensure that, to the maximum extent practicable, the projects funded under this subpart are located in diverse geographic regions of the United States.
+
+(f) Eligible partnerships Notwithstanding the general eligibility provision in section 1067g of this title, eligibility to receive grants under this subpart is limited to partnerships described in paragraph (5) of such section.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 355, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 315(a)(2), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3182; amended Pub. L. 111–39, title III, § 301(6), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1937.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 355 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1069a of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–325.
+
+Amendments2009—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 111–39 substituted “section 1058 of this title” for “section 302”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067g.md

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067g"
+description: "Eligibility for grants"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067g"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067g"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067g"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "1b02deed9583ee9a1f836a9ebe98732629a2f27d721b8efeb3c5ca75c1621baf"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "904704fee621cd264583a36022d92a90d8c1bdbaf20e969ac4573409d9764dbe"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067g - Eligibility for grants
+
+## Text
+
+Eligibility to receive grants under this part is limited to—
+
+(1) public and private nonprofit institutions of higher education that—
+
+(A) award baccalaureate degrees; and
+
+(B) are minority institutions;
+
+(2) public or private nonprofit institutions of higher education that—
+
+(A) award associate degrees; and
+
+(B) are minority institutions that—
+
+(i) have a curriculum that includes science or engineering subjects; and
+
+(ii) enter into a partnership with public or private nonprofit institutions of higher education that award baccalaureate degrees in science and engineering;
+
+(3) nonprofit science-oriented organizations, professional scientific societies, and institutions of higher education that award baccalaureate degrees, that—
+
+(A) provide a needed service to a group of minority institutions; or
+
+(B) provide in-service training for project directors, scientists, and engineers from minority institutions;
+
+(4) consortia of organizations, that provide needed services to one or more minority institutions, the membership of which may include—
+
+(A) public and private nonprofit institutions of higher education which have a curriculum in science or engineering;
+
+(B) institutions of higher education that have a graduate or professional program in science or engineering;
+
+(C) research laboratories of, or under contract with, the Department of Energy, the Department of Defense, or the National Institutes of Health;
+
+(D) relevant offices of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Science Foundation, and National Institute of Standards and Technology;
+
+(E) quasi-governmental entities that have a significant scientific or engineering mission; or
+
+(F) institutions of higher education that have State-sponsored centers for research in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics; or
+
+(5) only with respect to grants under subpart 2, partnerships of organizations, the membership of which shall include—
+
+(A) at least one institution of higher education eligible for assistance under this subchapter or subchapter V;
+
+(B) at least one high-need local educational agency (as defined in section 1021 of this title); and
+
+(C) at least two community organizations or entities, such as businesses, professional associations, community-based organizations, philanthropic organizations, or State agencies.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 361, formerly title X, § 1041, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title X, § 1002, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1564; renumbered title III, § 361, and amended Pub. L. 105–244, title III, §§ 301(a)(5), (7), (b), (c)(9), 307(b), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, 1637, 1648; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 315(b), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3184.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1135d of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Amendments2008—Par. (3)(B). Pub. L. 110–315, § 315(b)(1), struck out “or” at end. Par. (4)(A). Pub. L. 110–315, § 315(b)(2)(A), substituted “public and private nonprofit institutions of higher education” for “institutions of higher education”. Par. (4)(C). Pub. L. 110–315, § 315(b)(2)(B), inserted “, the Department of Defense, or the National Institutes of Health” before the semicolon. Par. (4)(D). Pub. L. 110–315, § 315(b)(2)(C), added subpar. (D) and struck out former subpar. (D) which read as follows: “private organizations that have science or engineering facilities; or”. Par. (4)(F). Pub. L. 110–315, § 315(b)(2)(D), (E), added subpar. (F). Par. (5). Pub. L. 110–315, § 315(b)(3), added par. (5). 1998—Pub. L. 105–244, § 307(b), amended section catchline and text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “Eligibility to receive grants under this part is limited to— “(1) public and private nonprofit institutions that are minority institutions (as defined in section 1067k(3) of this title); and “(2) nonprofit science-oriented organizations, professional scientific societies, and all nonprofit, accredited colleges and universities which provide a needed service to a group of eligible minority institutions or which provide in-service training for project directors, scientists, and engineers from eligible minority institutions.” Par. (1). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(9), substituted “section 1067k(3)” for “section 1135d–5(3)”. Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(b)(1), inserted “and” after the semicolon. Par. (2). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(b)(2), substituted a period for “; and”. Par. (3). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(b)(3), struck out par. (3) which read as follows: “for the purposes of section 1135c–1 of this title, public and private nonprofit institutions that have at least 10 percent minority enrollment.”
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067h.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067h"
+description: "Grant application"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067h"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067h"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067h"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "125161ab6b8fb2a9dd3de17c6124ea90957fba60132e590746b202835810fa3e"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "ddc1252870138ad61a37ad57be5247389c34ce9fdd1d21bd64b2c79ae01dc0c5"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067h - Grant application
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Submission and contents of applications An eligible applicant (as determined under section 1067g of this title) that desires to receive a grant under this part shall submit to the Secretary an application therefor at such time or times, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may prescribe by regulation. Such application shall set forth—
+
+(1) a program of activities for carrying out one or more of the purposes described in section 1067a(b) of this title in such detail as will enable the Secretary to determine the degree to which such program will accomplish such purpose or purposes; and
+
+(2) such other policies, procedures, and assurances as the Secretary may require by regulation.
+
+(b) Approval based on likelihood of progress The Secretary shall approve an application only if the Secretary determines that the application sets forth a program of activities which are likely to make substantial progress toward achieving the purposes of this part.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 362, formerly title X, § 1042, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title X, § 1002, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1564; renumbered title III, § 362, and amended Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(5), (7), (c)(10), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, 1637.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1135d–1 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Amendments1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–244, § 301(c)(10), substituted “section 1067g” for “section 1135d” in introductory provisions and “section 1067a(b)” for “section 1135b(b)” in par. (1).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067i.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067i"
+description: "Cross program and cross agency cooperation"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067i"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067i"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067i"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "1bcbb3d22bc3a147cc8c737eb5df1e3b3295b1c8b3437db3cca3f330876279d0"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "f5dd6fd7835daa300d11c033fb7b5149e5a3e8b7904819b2e967a425fa22391f"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067i - Cross program and cross agency cooperation
+
+## Text
+
+The Minority Science and Engineering Improvement Programs shall cooperate and consult with other programs within the Department and within Federal, State, and private agencies which carry out programs to improve the quality of science, mathematics, and engineering education.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 363, formerly title X, § 1043, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title X, § 1002, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1564; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title X, § 1002(d), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 780; renumbered title III, § 363, Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(5), (7), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1135d–2 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Amendments1992—Pub. L. 102–325 inserted “and consult” after “cooperate”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1992 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 102–325 effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067j.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067j"
+description: "Administrative provisions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067j"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067j"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067j"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "ed9241eebd279189ef0466874423e6a01e5616749b965c43b091ee492a95aa37"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "cbb3c4796d927211eff1d5312ccee6b04b4906a1df29a92d7e6824169010e144"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067j - Administrative provisions
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Technical staff The Secretary shall appoint, without regard to the provisions of title 5 governing appointments in the competitive service, not less than 2 technical employees with appropriate scientific and educational background to administer the programs under this part who may be paid without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates.
+
+(b) Procedures for grant review The Secretary shall establish procedures for reviewing and evaluating grants and contracts made or entered into under such programs. Procedures for reviewing grant applications, based on the peer review system, or contracts for financial assistance under this subchapter may not be subject to any review outside of officials responsible for the administration of the Minority Science and Engineering Improvement Programs.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 364, formerly title X, § 1044, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title X, § 1002, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1564; renumbered title III, § 364, Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(5), (7), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1135d–3 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067k.md

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067k"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067k"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067k"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067k"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "2c742966b255e9f76ade0b8aebcb7c2f242fdce511280993753beb09fc98f8b8"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "35147a60c1b58783f017b853c0c8165af42053d9a32d2055c62a90388875585c"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067k - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+For the purpose of this part—
+
+(1) The term “accredited” means currently certified by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or making satisfactory progress toward achieving accreditation.
+
+(2) The term “minority” means American Indian, Alaskan Native, Black (not of Hispanic origin), Hispanic (including persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, and Central or South American origin), Pacific Islander or other ethnic group underrepresented in science and engineering.
+
+(3) The term “minority institution” means an institution of higher education whose enrollment of a single minority or a combination of minorities (as defined in paragraph (2)) exceeds 50 percent of the total enrollment. The Secretary shall verify this information from the data on enrollments in the higher education general information surveys (HEGIS) furnished by the institution to the Office for Civil Rights, Department of Education.
+
+(4) The term “science” means, for the purpose of this program, the biological, engineering, mathematical, physical, behavioral, and social sciences, and history and philosophy of science; also included are interdisciplinary fields which are comprised of overlapping areas among two or more sciences.
+
+(5) The term “underrepresented in science and engineering” means a minority group whose number of scientists and engineers per 10,000 population of that group is substantially below the comparable figure for scientists and engineers who are white and not of Hispanic origin.
+
+(6) The term “institutional grant” means a grant that supports the implementation of a comprehensive science improvement plan, which may include any combination of activities for improving the preparation of minority students for careers in science.
+
+(7) The term “cooperative grant” means a grant that assists groups of nonprofit accredited colleges and universities to work together to conduct a science improvement program.
+
+(8) The term “design projects” means projects that assist minority institutions that do not have their own appropriate resources or personnel to plan and develop long-range science improvement programs.
+
+(9) The term “special projects” means—
+
+(A) a special project grant to a minority institution which supports activities that—
+
+(i) improve the quality of training in science and engineering at minority institutions; or
+
+(ii) enhance the minority institutions’ general scientific research capabilities; or
+
+(B) a special project grant to any eligible applicant which supports activities that—
+
+(i) provide a needed service to a group of eligible minority institutions; or
+
+(ii) provide in-service training for project directors, scientists, and engineers from eligible minority institutions.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 365, formerly title X, § 1046, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title X, § 1002, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1566; renumbered title III, § 365, and amended Pub. L. 105–244, title III, §§ 301(a)(5), (7), 307(c), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, 1648; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 320(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3187.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1135d–5 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Amendments2008—Par. (9)(A). Pub. L. 110–315 substituted “supports” for “support” in introductory provisions. 1998—Par. (4). Pub. L. 105–244, § 307(c), inserted “behavioral,” after “physical,”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067l.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067l"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(8), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067l"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067l"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067l"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "a14d4db3e6fe047c8f035b8a554881294143e051f8081319ed1467ea39c67e28"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "9508437b441b86482847ad019aa7ab524d34263e2ce09dd7f2876cc69e4330a4"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067l - Repealed. Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(8), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 366, formerly title X, § 1047, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title X, § 1002, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1567; amended Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, § 6221, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1518; Pub. L. 102–325, title X, § 1002(f), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 780; renumbered title III, § 366, Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(5), (7), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, authorized appropriations to carry out Fund for Improvement of Postsecondary Education program.
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1135d–6 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of RepealRepeal effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as an Effective Date of 1998 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1067q.md

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1067q"
+description: "Investment in historically Black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1067q"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1067q"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1067q"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "27a381d4ed6be3874fe8256e96c0ae39121f41cf32bafbe608b962441a70b6cb"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "245093f74c4805955d2116eb57a5fcf02d2d09cfe1892fec12fcdb86006a2712"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1067q - Investment in historically Black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Eligible institution An institution of higher education is eligible to receive funds from the amounts made available under this section if such institution is—
+
+(1) a part B institution (as defined in section 1061 of this title);
+
+(2) a Hispanic-serving institution (as defined in section 1101a of this title);
+
+(3) a Tribal College or University (as defined in section 1059c of this title);
+
+(4) an Alaska Native-serving institution or a Native Hawaiian-serving institution (as defined in section 1059d(b) of this title);
+
+(5) a Predominantly Black Institution (as defined in subsection (c));
+
+(6) an Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institution (as defined in subsection (c)); or
+
+(7) a Native American-serving nontribal institution (as defined in subsection (c)).
+
+(b) New investment of funds (1) In general (A) Provision of funds There shall be available to the Secretary to carry out this section, from funds in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $255,000,000 for fiscal year 2020 and each fiscal year thereafter.
+
+(B) Availability Funds made available under subparagraph (A) for a fiscal year shall remain available for the next succeeding fiscal year.
+
+(2) Allocation and allotment (A) In general Of the amounts made available under paragraph (1) for each fiscal year—
+
+(i) $100,000,000 shall be available for allocation under subparagraph (B);
+
+(ii) $100,000,000 shall be available for allocation under subparagraph (C); and
+
+(iii) $55,000,000 shall be available for allocation under subparagraph (D).
+
+(B) HSI STEM and articulation programs The amount made available for allocation under this subparagraph by subparagraph (A)(i) for any fiscal year shall be available for Hispanic-serving Institutions 11 So in original. Probably should not be capitalized. for activities described in section 1101b of this title, with a priority given to applications that propose—
+
+(i) to increase the number of Hispanic and other low income students attaining degrees in the fields of science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; and
+
+(ii) to develop model transfer and articulation agreements between 2-year Hispanic-serving institutions and 4-year institutions in such fields.
+
+(C) Allocation and allotment HBCUs and PBIs From the amount made available for allocation under this subparagraph by subparagraph (A)(ii) for any fiscal year—
+
+(i) 85 percent shall be available to eligible institutions described in subsection (a)(1) and shall be made available as grants under section 1062 of this title and allotted among such institutions under section 1063 of this title, treating such amount, plus the amount appropriated for such fiscal year in a regular or supplemental appropriation Act to carry out part B of this subchapter, as the amount appropriated to carry out part B of this subchapter for purposes of allotments under section 1063 of this title, for use by such institutions with a priority for—
+
+(I) activities described in paragraphs (1), (2), (4), (5), and (10) of section 1062(a) of this title; and
+
+(II) other activities, consistent with the institution’s comprehensive plan and designed to increase the institution’s capacity to prepare students for careers in the physical or natural sciences, mathematics, computer science or information technology or sciences, engineering, language instruction in the less-commonly taught languages or international affairs, or nursing or allied health professions; and
+
+(ii) 15 percent shall be available to eligible institutions described in subsection (a)(5) and shall be available for a competitive grant program to award 25 grants of $600,000 annually for programs in any of the following areas:
+
+(I) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM);
+
+(II) health education;
+
+(III) internationalization or globalization;
+
+(IV) teacher preparation; or
+
+(V) improving educational outcomes of African American males.
+
+(D) Allocation and allotment to other minority-serving institutions From the amount made available for allocation under this subparagraph by subparagraph (A)(iii) for any fiscal year—
+
+(i) $30,000,000 for such fiscal year shall be available to eligible institutions described in subsection (a)(3) and shall be made available as grants under section 1059c of this title, treating such $30,000,000 as part of the amount appropriated for such fiscal year in a regular or supplemental appropriation Act to carry out such section, and using such $30,000,000 for purposes described in subsection (c) of such section;
+
+(ii) $15,000,000 for such fiscal year shall be available to eligible institutions described in subsection (a)(4) and shall be made available as grants under section 1059d of this title, treating such $15,000,000 as part of the amount appropriated for such fiscal year in a regular or supplemental appropriation Act to carry out such section and using such $15,000,000 for purposes described in subsection (c) of such section;
+
+(iii) $5,000,000 for such fiscal year shall be available to eligible institutions described in subsection (a)(6) for activities described in section 1057(c) of this title; and
+
+(iv) $5,000,000 for such fiscal year shall be available to eligible institutions described in subsection (a)(7)—
+
+(I) to plan, develop, undertake, and carry out activities to improve and expand such institutions’ capacity to serve Native Americans, which may include—
+
+(aa) the purchase, rental, or lease of scientific or laboratory equipment for educational purposes, including instructional and research purposes;
+
+(bb) renovation and improvement in classroom, library, laboratory, and other instructional facilities;
+
+(cc) support of faculty exchanges, faculty development, and faculty fellowships to assist faculty in attaining advanced degrees in the faculty’s field of instruction;
+
+(dd) curriculum development and academic instruction;
+
+(ee) the purchase of library books, periodicals, microfilm, and other educational materials;
+
+(ff) funds and administrative management, and acquisition of equipment for use in strengthening funds management;
+
+(gg) the joint use of facilities such as laboratories and libraries; and
+
+(hh) academic tutoring and counseling programs and student support services; and
+
+(II) to which the Secretary, to the extent possible and consistent with a competitive process under which such grants are awarded, allocates funds under this clause to ensure maximum and equitable distribution among all such eligible institutions.
+
+(c) Definitions (1) Asian American The term “Asian American” has the meaning given the term “Asian” in the Office of Management and Budget’s Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity as published on October 30, 1997 (62 Fed. Reg. 58789).
+
+(2) Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institution The term “Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institution” means an institution of higher education that—
+
+(A) is an eligible institution under section 1058(b) of this title; and
+
+(B) at the time of application, has an enrollment of undergraduate students that is at least 10 percent Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander students.
+
+(3) Enrollment of needy students The term “enrollment of needy students” means the enrollment at an institution of higher education with respect to which not less than 50 percent of the undergraduate students enrolled in an academic program leading to a degree—
+
+(A) in the second fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which the determination is made, were Federal Pell Grant recipients for such year;
+
+(B) come from families that receive benefits under a means-tested Federal benefit program (as defined in paragraph (5));
+
+(C) attended a public or nonprofit private secondary school—
+
+(i) that is in the school district of a local educational agency that was eligible for assistance under part A of title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 [20 U.S.C. 6311 et seq.] for any year during which the student attended such secondary school; and
+
+(ii) which for the purpose of this paragraph and for that year was determined by the Secretary (pursuant to regulations and after consultation with the State educational agency of the State in which the school is located) to be a school in which the enrollment of children counted under a measure of poverty described in section 1113(a)(5) of such Act [20 U.S.C. 6313(a)(5)] exceeds 30 percent of the total enrollment of such school; or
+
+(D) are first-generation college students (as that term is defined in section 1070a–11(h) of this title), and a majority of such first-generation college students are low-income individuals.
+
+(4) Low-income individual The term “low-income individual” has the meaning given such term in section 1070a–11(h) of this title.
+
+(5) Means-tested Federal benefit program The term “means-tested Federal benefit program” means a program of the Federal Government, other than a program under subchapter IV, in which eligibility for the programs’ benefits or the amount of such benefits are determined on the basis of income or resources of the individual or family seeking the benefit.
+
+(6) Native American The term “Native American” means an individual who is of a tribe, people, or culture that is indigenous to the United States.
+
+(7) Native American Pacific Islander The term “Native American Pacific Islander” means any descendant of the aboriginal people of any island in the Pacific Ocean that is a territory or possession of the United States.
+
+(8) Native American-serving nontribal institution The term “Native American-serving nontribal institution” means an institution of higher education that—
+
+(A) at the time of application—
+
+(i) has an enrollment of undergraduate students that is not less than 10 percent Native American students; and
+
+(ii) is not a Tribal College or University (as defined in section 1059c of this title); and
+
+(B) submits to the Secretary such enrollment data as may be necessary to demonstrate that the institution is described in subparagraph (A), along with such other information and data as the Secretary may by regulation require.
+
+(9) Predominantly Black institution The term “Predominantly Black institution” means an institution of higher education that—
+
+(A) has an enrollment of needy students as defined by paragraph (3);
+
+(B) has an average educational and general expenditure which is low, per full-time equivalent undergraduate student in comparison with the average educational and general expenditure per full-time equivalent undergraduate student of institutions of higher education that offer similar instruction, except that the Secretary may apply the waiver requirements described in section 1068a(b) of this title to this subparagraph in the same manner as the Secretary applies the waiver requirements to section 1058(b)(1)(B) of this title;
+
+(C) has an enrollment of undergraduate students—
+
+(i) that is at least 40 percent Black American students;
+
+(ii) that is at least 1,000 undergraduate students;
+
+(iii) of which not less than 50 percent of the undergraduate students enrolled at the institution are low-income individuals or first-generation college students (as that term is defined in section 1070a–11(h) of this title); and
+
+(iv) of which not less than 50 percent of the undergraduate students are enrolled in an educational program leading to a bachelor’s or associate’s degree that the institution is licensed to award by the State in which the institution is located;
+
+(D) is legally authorized to provide, and provides within the State, an educational program for which the institution of higher education awards a bachelor’s degree, or in the case of a junior or community college, an associate’s degree;
+
+(E) is accredited by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or association determined by the Secretary to be a reliable authority as to the quality of training offered, or is, according to such an agency or association, making reasonable progress toward accreditation; and
+
+(F) is not receiving assistance under—
+
+(i) part B;
+
+(ii) part A of subchapter V; or
+
+(iii) an annual authorization of appropriations under the Act of March 2, 1867 (14 Stat. 438; 20 U.S.C. 123).
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 371, formerly title IV, § 499A, as added Pub. L. 110–84, title VIII, § 802, Sept. 27, 2007, 121 Stat. 817; renumbered title III, § 371, and amended Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 316(a)(3), (b), (c), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3185; Pub. L. 111–39, title III, § 301(7), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1937; Pub. L. 111–152, title II, § 2103, Mar. 30, 2010, 124 Stat. 1074; Pub. L. 116–91, § 2, Dec. 19, 2019, 133 Stat. 1189.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(C)(i), is Pub. L. 89–10, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 27. Part A of title I of the Act is classified generally to part A (§ 6311 et seq.) of subchapter I of chapter 70 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6301 of this title and Tables. The Act of March 2, 1867, referred to in subsec. (c)(9)(F)(iii), is act Mar. 2, 1867, ch. 162, 14 Stat. 438. Provisions relating to authorization of appropriations are contained in section 8 of the Act, which is classified to section 123 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1099e of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 110–315.
+
+Amendments2019—Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 116–91 substituted “for fiscal year 2020 and each fiscal year thereafter.” for “for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2019. The authority to award grants under this section shall expire at the end of fiscal year 2019.” 2010—Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 111–152 substituted “through 2019. The authority to award grants under this section shall expire at the end of fiscal year 2019.” for “and 2009. The authority to award grants under this section shall expire at the end of fiscal year 2009.” 2009—Subsec. (c)(3)(D), (4), (9)(C)(iii). Pub. L. 111–39, § 301(7)(A)–(C)(i), substituted “1070a–11(h)” for “1070a–11(g)”. Subsec. (c)(9)(F). Pub. L. 111–39, § 301(7)(C)(ii), amended subpar. (F) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (F) read as follows: “is not receiving assistance under part B of this subchapter.” 2008—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 110–315, § 316(c), amended par. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “There shall be available to the Secretary to carry out this section, from funds not otherwise appropriated, $255,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 and 2009. The authority to award grants under this section shall expire at the end of fiscal year 2009.” Subsec. (b)(2)(C)(i). Pub. L. 110–315, § 316(b)(1), substituted “this subchapter” for “subchapter III” in two places. Subsec. (c)(9)(F). Pub. L. 110–315, § 316(b)(2), substituted “this subchapter” for “subchapter III”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSection effective Oct. 1, 2007, see section 1(c) of Pub. L. 110–84, set out as an Effective Date of 2007 Amendment note under section 1070a of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1068.md

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1068"
+description: "Applications for assistance"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1068"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1068"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1068"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "1df208ecb0348a66a44471c072eaea3a655b2c6fa22030cfac4ced8fedfd0b2b"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "e3bb60bac27faab1dc9e8ce4a6cd2c2dcf90e4c5c11176c7bbac48ea71ec918d"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1068 - Applications for assistance
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Applications (1) Applications required Any institution which is eligible for assistance under this subchapter shall submit to the Secretary an application for assistance at such time, in such form, and containing such information, as may be necessary to enable the Secretary to evaluate the institution’s need for the assistance. Subject to the availability of appropriations to carry out this subchapter, the Secretary may approve an application for assistance under this subchapter only if the Secretary determines that—
+
+(A) the application meets the requirements of subsection (b);
+
+(B) the applicant is eligible for assistance in accordance with the part of this subchapter under which the assistance is sought; and
+
+(C) the applicant’s performance goals are sufficiently rigorous as to meet the purposes of this subchapter and the performance objectives and indicators for this subchapter established by the Secretary pursuant to the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 and the amendments made by such Act.
+
+(2) Preliminary applications In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary may develop a preliminary application for use by eligible institutions applying under part A prior to the submission of the principal application.
+
+(b) Contents An institution, in its application for a grant, shall—
+
+(1) set forth, or describe how the institution (other than an institution applying under part C, D or E) will develop, a comprehensive development plan to strengthen the institution’s academic quality and institutional management, and otherwise provide for institutional self-sufficiency and growth (including measurable objectives for the institution and the Secretary to use in monitoring the effectiveness of activities under this subchapter);
+
+(2) set forth policies and procedures to ensure that Federal funds made available under this subchapter for any fiscal year will be used to supplement and, to the extent practical, increase the funds that would otherwise be made available for the purposes of section 1057(b) or 1062 of this title, and in no case supplant those funds;
+
+(3) set forth policies and procedures for evaluating the effectiveness in accomplishing the purpose of the activities for which a grant is sought under this subchapter;
+
+(4) provide for such fiscal control and fund accounting procedures as may be necessary to ensure proper disbursement of and accounting for funds made available to the applicant under this subchapter;
+
+(5) provide (A) for making such reports, in such form and containing such information, as the Secretary may require to carry out the functions under this subchapter, including not less than one report annually setting forth the institution’s progress toward achieving the objectives for which the funds were awarded, and (B) for keeping such records and affording such access thereto, as the Secretary may find necessary to assure the correctness and verification of such reports;
+
+(6) provide that the institution will comply with the limitations set forth in section 1068e of this title, except that for purposes of section 1059c of this title, paragraphs (2) and (3) of section 1068e of this title shall not apply;
+
+(7) describe in a comprehensive manner any proposed project for which funds are sought under the application and include—
+
+(A) a description of the various components of the proposed project, including the estimated time required to complete each such component;
+
+(B) in the case of any development project which consists of several components (as described by the applicant pursuant to subparagraph (A)), a statement identifying those components which, if separately funded, would be sound investments of Federal funds and those components which would be sound investments of Federal funds only if funded under this subchapter in conjunction with other parts of the development project (as specified by the applicant);
+
+(C) an evaluation by the applicant of the priority given any proposed project for which funds are sought in relation to any other projects for which funds are sought by the applicant under this subchapter, and a similar evaluation regarding priorities among the components of any single proposed project (as described by the applicant pursuant to subparagraph (A));
+
+(D) a detailed budget showing the manner in which funds for any proposed project would be spent by the applicant; and
+
+(E) a detailed description of any activity which involves the expenditure of more than $25,000, as identified in the budget referred to in subparagraph (D); and
+
+(8) include such other information as the Secretary may prescribe.
+
+(c) Priority criteria publication required The Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register, pursuant to chapter 5 of title 5, all policies and procedures required to exercise the authority set forth in subsection (a). No other criteria, policies, or procedures shall apply.
+
+(d) Eligibility data The Secretary shall use the most recent and relevant data concerning the number and percentage of students receiving need-based assistance under subchapter IV of this chapter in making eligibility determinations under section 1058 of this title and shall advance the base-year forward following each annual grant cycle.
+
+(e) Technical assistance The Secretary, directly or by grant or contract, may provide technical assistance to eligible institutions to prepare the institutions to qualify, apply for, and maintain a grant, under this subchapter.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 391, formerly § 351, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1302; amended Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(13), June 3, 1987, 101 Stat. 336; Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 305(a), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 478; renumbered § 391 and amended Pub. L. 105–244, title III, §§ 301(a)(2), (c)(11), 308(a)–(c), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, 1637, 1648, 1649; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, §§ 317, 320(4), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3185, 3188.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Government Performance and Results Act of 1993, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(C), is Pub. L. 103–62, Aug. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 285, which enacted section 306 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, sections 1115 to 1119, 9703, and 9704 of Title 31, Money and Finance, and sections 2801 to 2805 of Title 39, Postal Service, amended section 1105 of Title 31, and enacted provisions set out as notes under sections 1101 and 1115 of Title 31. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1993 Amendment note set out under section 1101 of Title 31 and Tables.
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1066 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Prior ProvisionsA prior section 1068, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 353, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1305, which related to application review process, was renumbered section 393 of Pub. L. 89–329 by Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(2), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, and transferred to section 1068b of this title. Another prior section 1068, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 343, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title III, § 301, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1398, related to application review process and provided for reader panels, recommendation of such panels, and notification to institutions, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. Another prior section 1068, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 408, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1235; Pub. L. 90–575, title I, § 105(a), Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1018; Pub. L. 91–230, title VIII, § 801, Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 190; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 131(a)(1)(B), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 247, related to programs for identifying qualified low-income students and preparing them for post secondary education, grants or contracts for planning, developing or carrying out programs, “Talent Search” program, “Upward Bound” program, “Special Services for Disadvantaged Students” program, nature of programs, waiver of matching requirement in the “Upward Bound” program and authorization of appropriations, prior to the general amendment of part A of subchapter IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 131(b)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 247.
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (b)(7)(E). Pub. L. 110–315, § 320(4), substituted “subparagraph (D)” for “subparagraph (E)”. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 110–315, § 317, added subsec. (e). 1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–244, § 308(a), amended heading and text of subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “Any institution which is eligible for assistance under this subchapter shall submit to the Secretary an application for assistance at such time, in such form, and containing such information, as may be necessary to enable the Secretary to evaluate its need for assistance. Subject to the availability of appropriations to carry out this subchapter, the Secretary may approve an application for a grant under this subchapter if the application meets the requirements of subsection (b) of this section and shows that the applicant is eligible for assistance in accordance with the part of this subchapter under which the assistance is sought.” Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 105–244, § 308(b), inserted “, D or E” after “part C”. Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 105–244, §§ 301(c)(11), 308(c), substituted “section 1068e” for “section 1069c” and inserted “, except that for purposes of section 1059c of this title, paragraphs (2) and (3) of section 1068e of this title shall not apply” before semicolon. 1992—Subsec. (b)(7)(D) to (F). Pub. L. 102–325 redesignated subpars. (E) and (F) as (D) and (E), respectively, and struck out former subpar. (D) which read as follows: “information explaining the manner in which the proposed project will assist the applicant to prepare for the critical financial problems that all institutions of higher education will face during the subsequent decade as a result of declining enrollment, and other problems;”. 1987—Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 100–50 substituted “section 1069c of this title” for “section 1069b of this title”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1992 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 102–325 effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–50 effective as if enacted as part of the Higher Education Amendments of 1986, Pub. L. 99–498, see section 27 of Pub. L. 100–50, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-20/chapter-28/section-1068a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "20 U.S.C. § 1068a"
+description: "Waiver authority and reporting requirement"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 20
+title_name: "EDUCATION"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE"
+section: "1068a"
+citation: "20 U.S.C. § 1068a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t20/s1068a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml"
+source_hash: "df6758d2fbfaf2c5849d42ed9d636aa75c34e4b5448a6a9a81d5dc50553b3862"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052"
+text_hash: "b1c80207cee63cc0c66ed10390c058e0f3b25df845edb8a5f3842b8324bd48d4"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 20 U.S.C. § 1068a - Waiver authority and reporting requirement
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Waiver requirements; need-based assistance students The Secretary may waive the requirements set forth in section 1058(b)(1)(A) of this title in the case of an institution—
+
+(1) which is extensively subsidized by the State in which it is located and charges low or no tuition;
+
+(2) which serves a substantial number of low-income students as a percentage of its total student population;
+
+(3) which is contributing substantially to increasing higher education opportunities for educationally disadvantaged, underrepresented, or minority students, who are low-income individuals;
+
+(4) which is substantially increasing higher educational opportunities for individuals in rural or other isolated areas which are unserved by postsecondary institutions;
+
+(5) located on or near an Indian reservation or a substantial population of Indians, if the Secretary determines that the waiver will substantially increase higher education opportunities appropriate to the needs of American Indians;
+
+(6) that is a tribally controlled college or university as defined in section 1801 of title 25; or
+
+(7) wherever located, if the Secretary determines that the waiver will substantially increase higher education opportunities appropriate to the needs of Black Americans, Hispanic Americans, Native Americans, Asian Americans, or Pacific Islanders, including Native Hawaiians.
+
+(b) Waiver determinations; expenditures (1) The Secretary may waive the requirements set forth in section 1058(b)(1)(B) of this title if the Secretary determines, based on persuasive evidence submitted by the institution, that the institution’s failure to meet that criterion is due to factors which, when used in the determination of compliance with such criterion, distort such determination, and that the institution’s designation as an eligible institution under part A is otherwise consistent with the purposes of such parts.11 So in original. Probably should be “part.”
+
+(2) The Secretary shall submit to the Congress every other year a report concerning the institutions which, although not satisfying the criterion contained in section 1058(b)(1)(B) of this title, have been determined to be eligible institutions under part A which enroll significant numbers of Black American, Hispanic, Native American, Asian American, or Native Hawaiian students under part A, as the case may be. Such report shall—
+
+(A) identify the factors referred to in paragraph (1) which were considered by the Secretary as factors that distorted the determination of compliance with subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 1058(b)(1) of this title; and
+
+(B) contain a list of each institution determined to be an eligible institution under part A including a statement of the reasons for each such determination.
+
+(3) The Secretary may waive the requirement set forth in section 1058(b)(1)(E) 22 See References in Text note below. of this title in the case of an institution located on or near an Indian reservation or a substantial population of Indians, if the Secretary determines that the waiver will substantially increase higher education opportunities appropriate to the needs of American Indians.
+
+(c) Waiver authority with respect to institutions located in an area affected by a Gulf hurricane disaster (1) Waiver authority Notwithstanding any other provision of law, unless enacted with specific reference to this section, for any affected institution that was receiving assistance under this subchapter at the time of a Gulf hurricane disaster, the Secretary shall, for each of the fiscal years 2009 through 2011 (and may, for each of the fiscal years 2012 and 2013)—
+
+(A) waive—
+
+(i) the eligibility data requirements set forth in section 1068(d) of this title;
+
+(ii) the wait-out period set forth in section 1059(d) of this title;
+
+(iii) the allotment requirements under section 1063 of this title; and
+
+(iv) the use of the funding formula developed pursuant to section 1063b(f)(3) of this title;
+
+(B) waive or modify any statutory or regulatory provision to ensure that affected institutions that were receiving assistance under this subchapter at the time of a Gulf hurricane disaster are not adversely affected by any formula calculation for fiscal year 2009 or for any of the four succeeding fiscal years, as necessary; and
+
+(C) make available to each affected institution an amount that is not less than the amount made available to such institution under this subchapter for fiscal year 2006, except that for any fiscal year for which the funds appropriated for payments under this subchapter are less than the appropriated level for fiscal year 2006, the amount made available to such institutions shall be ratably reduced among the institutions receiving funds under this subchapter.
+
+(2) Definitions In this subsection:
+
+(A) Affected institution The term “affected institution” means an institution of higher education that—
+
+(i) is—
+
+(I) a part A institution (which term shall have the meaning given the term “eligible institution” under section 1058(b) of this title); or
+
+(II) a part B institution, as such term is defined in section 1061(2) of this title, or as identified in section 1063b(e) of this title;
+
+(ii) is located in an area affected by a Gulf hurricane disaster; and
+
+(iii) is able to demonstrate that, as a result of the impact of a Gulf hurricane disaster, the institution—
+
+(I) incurred physical damage;
+
+(II) has pursued collateral source compensation from insurance, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and the Small Business Administration, as appropriate; and
+
+(III) was not able to fully reopen in existing facilities or to fully reopen to the pre-hurricane enrollment levels during the 30-day period beginning on August 29, 2005.
+
+(B) Area affected by a Gulf hurricane disaster; Gulf hurricane disaster The terms “area affected by a Gulf hurricane disaster” and “Gulf hurricane disaster” have the meanings given such terms in section 209 of the Higher Education Hurricane Relief Act of 2005 (Public Law 109–148, 119 Stat. 2809).
+
+(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 392, formerly § 352, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1304; amended Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(14), (15), June 3, 1987, 101 Stat. 336; Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 305(b), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 478; renumbered § 392 and amended Pub. L. 105–244, title III, §§ 301(a)(2), 308(d), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636, 1649; Pub. L. 110–315, title III, §§ 318, 320(5), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3185, 3188; Pub. L. 111–39, title III, § 301(8), July 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 1938.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextSection 1058(b)(1)(E) of this title, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), was repealed and section 1058(b)(1)(F) was redesignated section 1058(b)(1)(E) by Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 302(a)(1)(B), (C), July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 472. Section 209 of the Higher Education Hurricane Relief Act of 2005, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(B), is section 209 of title IV of div. B of Pub. L. 109–148, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2808, which is not classified to the Code.
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified to section 1067 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
+
+Amendments2009—Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 111–39 made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 1801 of title 25. 2008—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 110–315, § 320(5), substituted “eligible institutions under part A” for “eligible institutions under part A institutions” in introductory provisions. See Codification note above. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–315, § 318, added subsec. (c). 1998—Subsec. (a)(5) to (7). Pub. L. 105–244 struck out “or” at end of par. (5), added par. (6), and redesignated former par. (6) as (7). 1992—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102–325 substituted “Secretary may waive” for “Secretary shall waive”. 1987—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(14), substituted “low-income” for “low- and middle-income”. Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 100–50, § 2(a)(15), added par. (3).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–39 effective as if enacted on the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–315 (Aug. 14, 2008), see section 3 of Pub. L. 111–39, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1992 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 102–325 effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–50 effective as if enacted as part of the Higher Education Amendments of 1986, Pub. L. 99–498, see section 27 of Pub. L. 100–50, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.
+
+Termination of Reporting RequirementsFor termination, effective May 15, 2000, of provisions of law requiring submittal to Congress of any annual, semiannual, or other regular periodic report listed in House Document No. 103–7 (in which the last item on page 79 identifies a reporting provision which, as subsequently amended, is contained in subsec. (b)(2) of this section), see section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance.