Legal corpus: the complete U.S. Code (59,740 sections, all 53 titles)

Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code
now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 ->
59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun,
verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make
legal-us-code default now covers every title.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

legal/us/code/title-21/chapter-22/section-1702.md

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+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "21 U.S.C. § 1702"
+description: "Office of National Drug Control Policy"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 21
+title_name: "FOOD AND DRUGS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY"
+section: "1702"
+citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1702"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t21/s1702"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml"
+source_hash: "76f557e08a98174c099d2a6e3f5b02986b1f9e343abe9e40981a0164319cbd49"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "3dbd7a61c8616baefb8459bd8dac3b93242106deb416308c8d4dd5a9143176d1"
+text_hash: "c79f5d69deb23085da5c6eb91b572a278edacc16fc2034157697ea46645a49f0"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 21 U.S.C. § 1702 - Office of National Drug Control Policy
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Establishment of Office There is established in the Executive Office of the President an Office of National Drug Control Policy, which shall—
+
+(1) lead the national drug control effort, including coordinating with the National Drug Control Program agencies;
+
+(2) coordinate and oversee the implementation of the national drug control policy, including the National Drug Control Strategy;
+
+(3) assess and certify the adequacy of National Drug Control Programs and the budget for those programs;
+
+(4) evaluate the effectiveness of national drug control policy efforts, including the National Drug Control Program Agencies’ 11 So in original. Probably should be “agencies’ ”. programs, by developing and applying specific goals and performance measurements and monitoring the agencies’ program-level spending;
+
+(5) identify and respond to emerging drug threats related to illicit drug use;
+
+(6) administer the Drug-Free Communities Program, the High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Program, and other grant programs directly authorized to be administered by the Office in furtherance of the National Drug Control Strategy; and
+
+(7) facilitate broad-scale information sharing and data standardization among Federal, State, and local entities to support the national drug control efforts.
+
+(b) Repealed. Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8222(1), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4142
+
+(c) Access by Congress The location of the Office in the Executive Office of the President shall not be construed as affecting access by Congress, or any committee of the House of Representatives or the Senate, to any—
+
+(1) information, document, or study in the possession of, or conducted by or at the direction of the Director; or
+
+(2) personnel of the Office.
+
+(d) Office of National Drug Control Policy Gift Fund (1) Establishment There is established in the Treasury of the United States a fund for the receipt of gifts, both real and personal, for the purpose of aiding or facilitating the work of the Office under section 1703(c) of this title.
+
+(2) Contributions The Office may accept, hold, and administer contributions to the Fund.
+
+(3) Use of amounts deposited Amounts deposited in the Fund are authorized to be appropriated, to remain available until expended for authorized purposes at the discretion of the Director.
+
+(4) Ethics guidelines The Director shall establish written guidelines setting forth the criteria to be used in determining whether a gift or donation should be declined under this subsection because the acceptance of the gift or donation would—
+
+(A) reflect unfavorably upon the ability of the Director or the Office, or any employee of the Office, to carry out responsibilities or official duties under this chapter in a fair and objective manner; or
+
+(B) compromise the integrity or the appearance of integrity of programs or services provided under this chapter or of any official involved in those programs or services.
+
+(5) Registry of gifts The Director shall maintain a list of—
+
+(A) the source and amount of each gift or donation accepted by the Office; and
+
+(B) the source and amount of each gift or donation accepted by a contractor to be used in its performance of a contract for the Office.
+
+(6) Report to Congress The Director shall include in the annual assessment under section 1705(g) of this title a copy of the registry maintained under paragraph (5).
+
+(Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title VII, §§ 703, 715, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–672, 2681–693; Pub. L. 109–469, title I, § 102, title VI, § 602, title XI, § 1120, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3505, 3533, 3548; Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, §§ 8202(a), (b)(2), 8217(a), (b), 8222(1), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4110, 4119, 4142; Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(2), (4), Nov. 27, 2019, 133 Stat. 1155.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThis chapter, referred to in subsec. (d)(4), was in the original a reference to “this title”, meaning title VII of Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–670, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title VII to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1701 of this title and Tables.
+
+Amendments2019—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(2), substituted “National Drug Control Program agencies” for “National Drug Control Program Agencies”. Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(4)(A)(i), substituted “programs,” for “program,”. Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(4)(A)(ii), substituted “High Intensity” for “High-Intensity”. Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(4)(B), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to this chapter in subpars. (A) and (B). 2018—Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2), repealed Pub. L. 105–277, § 715. See 1998 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(a), revived and restored this section as in effect on Sept. 29, 2003, and as amended by Pub. L. 109–469 and Pub. L. 112–166. See Reauthorization of the Office of National Drug Control Policy note set out under section 1701 of this title. Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8217(a)(4), struck out concluding provisions which read as follows: “When developing the national drug control policy, any policy of the Director relating to syringe exchange programs for intravenous drug users shall be based on the best available medical and scientific evidence regarding their effectiveness in promoting individual health and preventing the spread of infectious disease, and their impact on drug addiction and use. In making any policy relating to syringe exchange programs, the Director shall consult with the National Institutes of Health and the National Academy of Sciences.” Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8217(a)(1), added par. (1) and struck out former par. (1) which read as follows: “develop national drug control policy;”. Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8217(a)(2), inserted before semicolon at end “, including the National Drug Control Strategy”. Subsec. (a)(4) to (7). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8217(a)(3), (4), added pars. (4) to (7) and struck out former par. (4) which read as follows: “evaluate the effectiveness of the national drug control policy and the National Drug Control Program agencies’ programs, by developing and applying specific goals and performance measurements.” Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8222(1), struck out subsec. (b) which related to Director of National Drug Control Policy and Deputy Directors. Subsec. (d)(4) to (6). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8217(b), added pars. (4) to (6). 2006—Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, amended Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, which provided for the repeal of this section. See 1998 Amendment note below. Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–469, § 1120, inserted concluding provisions. Pub. L. 109–469, § 102(a), amended subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) related to establishment of Office of National Drug Control Policy. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–469, § 102(b), amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (b) related to Director and Deputy Directors of National Drug Control Policy. 1998—Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, as amended by Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, which provided for the repeal of this section effective Sept. 30, 2010, was repealed by Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2). See former section 1712 of this title.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Gifts to Office of National Drug Control PolicyPub. L. 119–75, div. E, title II, Feb. 3, 2026, 140 Stat. 453, provided in part: “That the Office [of National Drug Control Policy] is authorized to accept, hold, administer, and utilize gifts, both real and personal, public and private, without fiscal year limitation, for the purpose of aiding or facilitating the work of the Office.” Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts: Pub. L. 118–47, div. B, title II, Mar. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 535. Pub. L. 117–328, div. E, title II, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 4664. Pub. L. 117–103, div. E, title II, Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 253. Pub. L. 116–260, div. E, title II, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 1394. Pub. L. 116–93, div. C, title II, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2448. Pub. L. 116–6, div. D, title II, Feb. 15, 2019, 133 Stat. 152. Pub. L. 115–141, div. E, title II, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 549. Pub. L. 115–31, div. E, title II, May 5, 2017, 131 Stat. 340. Pub. L. 114–113, div. E, title II, Dec. 18, 2015, 129 Stat. 2436. Pub. L. 113–235, div. E, title II, Dec. 16, 2014, 128 Stat. 2344. Pub. L. 113–76, div. E, title II, Jan. 17, 2014, 128 Stat. 195. Pub. L. 112–74, div. C, title II, Dec. 23, 2011, 125 Stat. 895. Pub. L. 111–117, div. C, title II, Dec. 16, 2009, 123 Stat. 3170. Pub. L. 111–8, div. D, title II, Mar. 11, 2009, 123 Stat. 641. Pub. L. 110–161, div. D, title II, Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 1983. Pub. L. 109–115, div. A, title V, Nov. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2475. Pub. L. 108–447, div. H, title III, Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3249. Pub. L. 108–199, div. F, title III, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 324. Pub. L. 108–7, div. J, title III, Feb. 20, 2003, 117 Stat. 446. Pub. L. 107–67, title III, Nov. 12, 2001, 115 Stat. 530. Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(3) [title III], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A–139. Pub. L. 106–58, title III, Sept. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 447. Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(h) [title III], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–480, 2681–496. Pub. L. 105–61, title III, Oct. 10, 1997, 111 Stat. 1293. Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title III], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–329. Pub. L. 104–52, title III, Nov. 19, 1995, 109 Stat. 479. Pub. L. 103–329, title III, Sept. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 2394. Pub. L. 103–123, title III, Oct. 28, 1993, 107 Stat. 1237. Pub. L. 102–393, title III, Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1741. Pub. L. 102–141, title III, Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 847. Pub. L. 101–509, title III, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1402. Pub. L. 101–136, title III, Nov. 3, 1989, 103 Stat. 793.
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Ex. Ord. No. 12911. Seal for Office of National Drug Control Policy Ex. Ord. No. 12911, Apr. 25, 1994, 59 F.R. 21121 [22121], provided: By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered as follows: Section 1. There is approved for the Office of National Drug Control Policy in the Executive Office of the President an official seal described as follows: On a blue disc the Arms of the United States proper above a curved gold scroll inscribed “OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY” in blue letters, all within a white border edged in gold and inscribed “EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES” in blue letters. This design is appropriate for the Office of National Drug Control Policy. The dark blue in this seal is suggested by the Seal of the President and denotes the direct organizational link of the Office of National Drug Control Policy with the Presidential office. The Arms of the United States refer to the entire Nation and represent the involvement in drug control policies that are necessary to assist the President in his role as Chief Executive of the United States. Sec. 2. The seal shall be of the design that is attached hereto and made a part of this order. William J. Clinton.

legal/us/code/title-21/chapter-22/section-1704.md

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+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "21 U.S.C. § 1704"
+description: "Coordination with National Drug Control Program agencies in demand reduction, supply reduction, and State and local affairs"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 21
+title_name: "FOOD AND DRUGS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY"
+section: "1704"
+citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1704"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t21/s1704"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml"
+source_hash: "4b753083e24829981d046503489f0349512d33b6f13723a207cdd850cdb3369e"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "3dbd7a61c8616baefb8459bd8dac3b93242106deb416308c8d4dd5a9143176d1"
+text_hash: "c9f122957bc3ef855739c882ee049d456a3a77cd0489521d80f830afb6f3c52d"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 21 U.S.C. § 1704 - Coordination with National Drug Control Program agencies in demand reduction, supply reduction, and State and local affairs
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Access to information (1) In general Upon the request of the Director, the head of any National Drug Control Program agency shall cooperate with and provide to the Director any statistics, studies, reports, and other information prepared or collected by the agency concerning the responsibilities of the agency under the National Drug Control Strategy that relate to—
+
+(A) drug control; or
+
+(B) the manner in which amounts made available to that agency for drug control are being used by that agency.
+
+(2) Protection of intelligence information (A) In general The authorities conferred on the Office and the Director by this chapter shall be exercised in a manner consistent with provisions of the National Security Act of 1947 [50 U.S.C. 3001 et seq.]. The Director of National Intelligence shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to protect information provided pursuant to this chapter regarding intelligence sources and methods.
+
+(B) Duties of Director The Director of National Intelligence and the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency shall, to the maximum extent practicable in accordance with subparagraph (A), render full assistance and support to the Office and the Director.
+
+(3) Required reports (A) Secretaries of the Interior and Agriculture Not later than July 1 of each year, the Secretaries of Agriculture and the Interior shall jointly submit to the Director and the appropriate congressional committees an assessment of the quantity of illegal drug cultivation and manufacturing in the United States on lands owned or under the jurisdiction of the Federal Government for the preceding year.
+
+(B) Secretary of Homeland Security Not later than July 1 of each year, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit to the Director and the appropriate congressional committees information for the preceding year regarding—
+
+(i) the number and type of seizures of drugs by each component of the Department of Homeland Security seizing drugs, as well as statistical information on the geographic areas of such seizures; and
+
+(ii) the number of air and maritime patrol hours primarily dedicated to drug supply reduction missions undertaken by each component of the Department of Homeland Security.
+
+(C) Secretary of Defense The Secretary of Defense shall, by July 1 of each year, submit to the Director and the appropriate congressional committees information for the preceding year regarding the number of air and maritime patrol hours primarily dedicated to drug supply reduction missions undertaken by each component of the Department of Defense.
+
+(D) Attorney General The Attorney General shall, by July 1 of each year, submit to the Director and the appropriate congressional committees information for the preceding year regarding the number and type of—
+
+(i) arrests for drug violations;
+
+(ii) prosecutions for drug violations by United States Attorneys; and
+
+(iii) seizures of drugs by each component of the Department of Justice seizing drugs, as well as statistical information on the geographic areas of such seizures.
+
+(b) Certification of policy changes to Director (1) In general Subject to paragraph (2), the head of a National Drug Control Program agency shall, unless exigent circumstances require otherwise, notify the Director in writing regarding any proposed change in policies relating to the activities of that agency under the National Drug Control Program prior to implementation of such change. The Director shall promptly review such proposed change and certify to the head of that agency in writing whether such change is consistent with the National Drug Control Strategy.
+
+(2) Exception If prior notice of a proposed change under paragraph (1) is not practicable—
+
+(A) the head of the National Drug Control Program agency shall notify the Director of the proposed change as soon as practicable; and
+
+(B) upon such notification, the Director shall review the change and certify to the head of that agency in writing whether the change is consistent with the National Drug Control Strategy.
+
+(c) General Services Administration The Administrator of General Services shall provide to the Director, on a reimbursable basis, such administrative support services as the Director may request.
+
+(d) Accounting of funds expended (1) In general Not later than February 1 of each year, in accordance with guidance issued by the Director, the head of each National Drug Control Program agency shall submit to the Director a detailed accounting of all funds expended by the agency for National Drug Control Program activities during the previous fiscal year and shall ensure such detailed accounting is authenticated for the previous fiscal year by the Inspector General for such agency prior to the submission to the Director as frequently as determined by the Inspector General but not less frequently than every 3 years.
+
+(2) Submission to Congress The Director shall submit to Congress not later than April 1 of each year the information submitted to the Director under paragraph (1).
+
+(e) Drug court training and technical assistance program (1) Grants authorized The Director may make a grant to a nonprofit organization for the purpose of providing training and technical assistance to drug courts.
+
+(2) Authorization of appropriations There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2023.
+
+(f) Tracking system for federally funded grant programs (1) Establishment The Director, or the head of an agency designated by the Director, in coordination with the Secretary of Health and Human Services, shall track federally-funded grant programs to—
+
+(A) ensure the public has electronic access to information identifying:
+
+(i) all drug control grants and pertinent identifying information for each grant; and
+
+(ii) any available performance metrics, evaluations, or other information indicating the effectiveness of such programs;
+
+(B) facilitate efforts to identify duplication, overlap, or gaps in funding to provide increased accountability of Federally-funded grants for substance use disorder treatment, prevention, and enforcement; and
+
+(C) identify barriers that may impede applicants in the grant application process.
+
+(2) National Drug Control Program Agencies The head of each National Drug Control Program agency shall provide to the Director a complete list of all drug control program grant programs and any other relevant information for inclusion in the system developed under paragraph (1) and annually update such list.
+
+(3) Updating existing systems The Director may meet the requirements of this subsection by utilizing, updating, or improving existing Federal information systems to ensure they meet the requirements of this subsection.
+
+(4) Report Not later than 3 years after October 24, 2018, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a report examining implementation of this subsection.
+
+(Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title VII, §§ 705, 715, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–680, 2681–693; Pub. L. 109–469, title I, § 104, title VI, § 602, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3510, 3533; Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, §§ 8202(a), (b)(2), 8207, 8217(g), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4110, 4113, 4124; Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(1), (6), Nov. 27, 2019, 133 Stat. 1155, 1156.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe National Security Act of 1947, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), is act July 26, 1947, ch. 343, 61 Stat. 495, which was formerly classified principally to chapter 15 (§ 401 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense, prior to editorial reclassification in Title 50, and is now classified principally to chapter 44 (§ 3001 et seq.) of Title 50. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
+
+Amendments2019—Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(1), substituted “National Drug Control Program agency” for “National Drug Control Program Agency” wherever appearing. Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(6)(A), substituted “than every” for “that every”. Subsec. (f)(1)(A)(i). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(6)(B)(i)(I), substituted “grant; and” for “grant;”. Subsec. (f)(1)(C). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(6)(B)(i)(II), inserted “that may impede applicants” after “barriers” and struck out “impediments that applicants currently have in the grant application process with applicable agencies” before period at end. Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(6)(B)(ii), substituted “Drug Control Program” for “Drug Control” in heading. 2018—Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2), repealed Pub. L. 105–277, § 715. See 1998 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(a), revived and restored this section as in effect on Sept. 29, 2003, and as amended by Pub. L. 109–469 and Pub. L. 112–166. See Reauthorization of the Office of National Drug Control Policy note set out under section 1701 of this title. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8217(g)(1), amended subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The Director shall— “(A) require the National Drug Control Program agencies to submit to the Director not later than February 1 of each year a detailed accounting of all funds expended by the agencies for National Drug Control Program activities during the previous fiscal year, and require such accounting to be authenticated by the Inspector General for each agency prior to submission to the Director; and “(B) submit to Congress not later than April 1 of each year the information submitted to the Director under subparagraph (A).” Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8207, added subsec. (e). Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8217(g)(2), added subsec. (f). 2006—Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, amended Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, which provided for the repeal of this section. See 1998 Amendment note below. Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 109–469, § 104(1), struck out “abuse” after “drug”. Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 109–469, § 104(2), substituted “Director of National Intelligence” for “Director of Central Intelligence”. Subsec. (a)(2)(B). Pub. L. 109–469, § 104(3), substituted “Director of National Intelligence and the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency” for “Director of Central Intelligence”. Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 109–469, § 104(4), amended par. (3) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The Secretary of Agriculture shall annually submit to the Director an assessment of the acreage of illegal drug cultivation in the United States.” Subsec. (b)(2)(B). Pub. L. 109–469, § 104(5), substituted “Strategy” for “Program”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 109–469, § 104(6), substituted “on” for “in”. 1998—Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, as amended by Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, which provided for the repeal of this section effective Sept. 30, 2010, was repealed by Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2). See former section 1712 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-21/chapter-22/section-1705.md

@@ -0,0 +1,329 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "21 U.S.C. § 1705"
+description: "Development, submission, implementation, and assessment of National Drug Control Strategy"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 21
+title_name: "FOOD AND DRUGS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY"
+section: "1705"
+citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1705"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t21/s1705"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml"
+source_hash: "75f7b622f62f43dfe7a0d92e73f2e1e7eb58df2ce1e3f6493eb3a2403ea298e2"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "3dbd7a61c8616baefb8459bd8dac3b93242106deb416308c8d4dd5a9143176d1"
+text_hash: "f877cc5fd21102595fdc56cf6caeeb40f8fd81872e89c9806a9d4c05c45edf01"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 21 U.S.C. § 1705 - Development, submission, implementation, and assessment of National Drug Control Strategy
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In general (1) Statement of drug policy priorities The Director shall release a statement of drug control policy priorities in the calendar year of a Presidential inauguration following the inauguration, but not later than April 1.
+
+(2) National Drug Control Strategy submitted by the President Not later than the first Monday in February following the year in which the term of the President commences, and every 2 years thereafter, the President shall submit to Congress a National Drug Control Strategy.
+
+(b) Development of the National Drug Control Strategy (1) Promulgation The Director shall promulgate the National Drug Control Strategy, which shall set forth a comprehensive plan to reduce illicit drug use and the consequences of such illicit drug use in the United States by limiting the availability of and reducing the demand for illegal drugs and promoting prevention, early intervention, treatment, and recovery support for individuals with substance use disorders.
+
+(2) State and local commitment The Director shall seek the support and commitment of State, local, and Tribal officials in the formulation and implementation of the National Drug Control Strategy.
+
+(3) Strategy based on evidence The Director shall ensure the National Drug Control Strategy is based on the best available evidence regarding the policies that are most effective in reducing the demand for and supply of illegal drugs.
+
+(4) Process for development and submission of National Drug Control Strategy In developing and effectively implementing the National Drug Control Strategy, the Director—
+
+(A) shall consult with—
+
+(i) the heads of the National Drug Control Program agencies;
+
+(ii) each Coordinator listed in section 1703 of this title;
+
+(iii) the Interdiction Committee and the Emerging Threats Committee;
+
+(iv) the appropriate congressional committees and any other committee of jurisdiction;
+
+(v) State, local, and Tribal officials;
+
+(vi) private citizens and organizations, including community and faith-based organizations, with experience and expertise in demand reduction;
+
+(vii) private citizens and organizations with experience and expertise in supply reduction; and
+
+(viii) appropriate representatives of foreign governments; and
+
+(B) in satisfying the requirements of subparagraph (A), shall ensure, to the maximum extent possible, that State, local, and Tribal officials and relevant private organizations commit to support and take steps to achieve the goals and objectives of the National Drug Control Strategy.
+
+(c) Contents of the National Drug Control Strategy (1) In general The National Drug Control Strategy submitted under subsection (a)(2) shall include the following:
+
+(A) A mission statement detailing the major functions of the National Drug Control Program.
+
+(B) Comprehensive, research-based, long-range, quantifiable goals for reducing illicit drug use, and the consequences of illicit drug use in the United States.
+
+(C) Annual quantifiable and measurable objectives and specific targets to accomplish long-term quantifiable goals that the Director determines may be achieved during each year beginning on the date on which the National Drug Control Strategy is submitted.
+
+(D) A 5-year projection for the National Drug Control Program and budget priorities.
+
+(E) A review of international, State, local, and private sector drug control activities to ensure that the United States pursues coordinated and effective drug control at all levels of government.
+
+(F) A description of how each goal established under subparagraph (B) will be achieved, including for each goal—
+
+(i) a list of each relevant National Drug Control Program agency and each such agency’s related programs, activities, and available assets and the role of each such program, activity, and asset in achieving such goal;
+
+(ii) a list of relevant stakeholders and each such stakeholder’s role in achieving such goal;
+
+(iii) an estimate of Federal funding and other resources needed to achieve such goal;
+
+(iv) a list of each existing or new coordinating mechanism needed to achieve such goal; and
+
+(v) a description of the Office’s role in facilitating the achievement of such goal.
+
+(G) For each year covered by the Strategy, a performance evaluation plan for each goal established under subparagraph (B) for each National Drug Control Program agency, including—
+
+(i) specific performance measures for each National Drug Control Program agency;
+
+(ii) annual and, to the extent practicable, quarterly objectives and targets for each performance measure; and
+
+(iii) an estimate of Federal funding and other resources needed to achieve each performance objective and target.
+
+(H) A list identifying existing data sources or a description of data collection needed to evaluate performance, including a description of how the Director will obtain such data.
+
+(I) A list of any anticipated challenges to achieving the National Drug Control Strategy goals and planned actions to address such challenges.
+
+(J) A description of how each goal established under subparagraph (B) was determined, including—
+
+(i) a description of each required consultation and a description of how such consultation was incorporated; and
+
+(ii) data, research, or other information used to inform the determination to establish the goal.
+
+(K) A description of the current prevalence of illicit drug use in the United States, including both the availability of illicit drugs and the prevalence of substance use disorders.
+
+(L) Such other statistical data and information as the Director considers appropriate to demonstrate and assess trends relating to illicit drug use, the effects and consequences of illicit drug use (including the effects on children), supply reduction, demand reduction, drug-related law enforcement, and the implementation of the National Drug Control Strategy.
+
+(M) A systematic plan for increasing data collection to enable real time surveillance of drug control threats, developing analysis and monitoring capabilities, and identifying and addressing policy questions related to the National Drug Control Strategy and Program, which shall include—
+
+(i) a list of policy-relevant questions for which the Director and each National Drug Control Program agency intends to develop evidence to support the National Drug Control Program and Strategy;
+
+(ii) a list of data the Director and each National Drug Control Program agency intends to collect, use, or acquire to facilitate the use of evidence in drug control policymaking and monitoring;
+
+(iii) a list of methods and analytical approaches that may be used to develop evidence to support the National Drug Control Program and Strategy and related policy;
+
+(iv) a list of any challenges to developing evidence to support policymaking, including any barriers to accessing, collecting, or using relevant data;
+
+(v) a description of the steps the Director and the head of each National Drug Control Program agency will take to effectuate the plan; and
+
+(vi) any other relevant information as determined by the Director.
+
+(N) A plan to expand treatment of substance use disorders, which shall—
+
+(i) identify unmet needs for treatment for substance use disorders and a strategy for closing the gap between available and needed treatment;
+
+(ii) describe the specific roles and responsibilities of the relevant National Drug Control Program agencies for implementing the plan;
+
+(iii) identify the specific resources required to enable the relevant National Drug Control Program agencies to implement that strategy; and
+
+(iv) identify the resources, including private sources, required to eliminate the unmet need for evidence-based substance use disorder treatment.
+
+(2) Consultation In developing the plan required under paragraph (1)(M), the Director shall consult with the following:
+
+(A) The public.
+
+(B) Any evaluation or analysis units and personnel of the Office.
+
+(C) Office officials responsible for implementing privacy policy.
+
+(D) Office officials responsible for data governance.
+
+(E) The appropriate congressional committees.
+
+(F) Any other individual or entity as determined by the Director.
+
+(3) Additional strategies (A) In general The Director shall include in the National Drug Control Strategy the additional strategies described under this paragraph and shall comply with the following:
+
+(i) Provide a copy of the additional strategies to the appropriate congressional committees and to the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs and the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate.
+
+(ii) Issue the additional strategies in consultation with the head of each relevant National Drug Control Program agency, any relevant official of a State, local, or Tribal government, and the government of other relevant countries.
+
+(iii) Not change any existing agency authority or construe any strategy described under this paragraph to amend or modify any law governing interagency relationship but may include recommendations about changes to such authority or law.
+
+(iv) Present separately from the rest of any strategy described under this paragraph any information classified under criteria established by an Executive order, or whose public disclosure, as determined by the Director or the head of any relevant National Drug Control Program agency, would be detrimental to the law enforcement or national security activities of any Federal, State, local, or Tribal agency.
+
+(B) Requirement for Southwest Border Counternarcotics Strategy (i) Purposes The Southwest Border Counternarcotics Strategy shall—
+
+(I) set forth the Government’s strategy for preventing the illegal trafficking of drugs across the international border between the United States and Mexico, including through ports of entry and between ports of entry on that border;
+
+(II) state the specific roles and responsibilities of the relevant National Drug Control Program agencies for implementing that strategy; and
+
+(III) identify the specific resources required to enable the relevant National Drug Control Program agencies to implement that strategy.
+
+(ii) Specific content related to drug tunnels between the United States and Mexico The Southwest Border Counternarcotics Strategy shall include—
+
+(I) a strategy to end the construction and use of tunnels and subterranean passages that cross the international border between the United States and Mexico for the purpose of illegal trafficking of drugs across such border; and
+
+(II) recommendations for criminal penalties for persons who construct or use such a tunnel or subterranean passage for such a purpose.
+
+(C) Requirement for Northern Border Counternarcotics Strategy (i) Purposes The Northern Border Counternarcotics Strategy shall—
+
+(I) set forth the strategy of the Federal Government for preventing the illegal trafficking of drugs across the international border between the United States and Canada, including through ports of entry and between ports of entry on the border;
+
+(II) state the specific roles and responsibilities of each relevant National Drug Control Program agency for implementing the strategy;
+
+(III) identify the specific resources required to enable the relevant National Drug Control Program agencies to implement the strategy;
+
+(IV) be designed to promote, and not hinder, legitimate trade and travel; and
+
+(V) reflect the unique nature of small communities along the international border between the United States and Canada, ongoing cooperation and coordination with Canadian law,11 So in original. The comma probably should not appear. enforcement authorities, and variations in the volumes of vehicles and pedestrians crossing through ports of entry along the international border between the United States and Canada.
+
+(ii) Specific content related to cross-border Indian reservations The Northern Border Counternarcotics Strategy shall include—
+
+(I) a strategy to end the illegal trafficking of drugs to or through Indian reservations on or near the international border between the United States and Canada; and
+
+(II) recommendations for additional assistance, if any, needed by Tribal law enforcement agencies relating to the strategy, including an evaluation of Federal technical and financial assistance, infrastructure capacity building, and interoperability deficiencies.
+
+(4) Classified information Any contents of the National Drug Control Strategy that involve information properly classified under criteria established by an Executive order shall be presented to Congress separately from the rest of the National Drug Control Strategy.
+
+(5) Selection of data and information In selecting data and information for inclusion in the Strategy, the Director shall ensure—
+
+(A) the inclusion of data and information that will permit analysis of current trends against previously compiled data and information where the Director believes such analysis enhances long-term assessment of the National Drug Control Strategy; and
+
+(B) the inclusion of data and information to permit a standardized and uniform assessment of the effectiveness of drug treatment programs in the United States.
+
+(d) Submission of revised Strategy The President may submit to Congress a revised National Drug Control Strategy that meets the requirements of this section—
+
+(1) at any time, upon a determination of the President, in consultation with the Director, that the National Drug Control Strategy in effect is not sufficiently effective; or
+
+(2) if a new President or Director takes office.
+
+(e) Failure of Director to Submit National Drug Control Strategy If the Director does not submit a National Drug Control Strategy to Congress in accordance with subsection (a)(2), not later than five days after the first Monday in February following the year in which the term of the President commences, the Director shall send a notification to the appropriate congressional committees—
+
+(1) explaining why the Strategy was not submitted; and
+
+(2) specifying the date by which the Strategy will be submitted.
+
+(f) Drug Control Data Dashboard (1) In general The Director shall collect and disseminate, as appropriate, such information as the Director determines is appropriate, but not less than the information described in this subsection. The data shall be publicly available in a machine-readable format on the online portal of the Office, and to the extent practicable on the Drug Control Data Dashboard.
+
+(2) Establishment The Director shall publish to the online portal of the Office in a machine-readable, sortable, and searchable format, or to the extent practicable, establish and maintain a data dashboard on the online portal of the Office to be known as the “Drug Control Data Dashboard”. To the extent practicable, when establishing the Drug Control Dashboard, the Director shall ensure the user interface of the dashboard is constructed with modern design standards. To the extent practicable, the data made available on the dashboard shall be publicly available in a machine-readable format and searchable by year, agency, drug, and location.
+
+(3) Data The data included in the Drug Control Data Dashboard shall be updated quarterly to the extent practicable, but not less frequently than annually and shall include, at a minimum, the following:
+
+(A) For each substance identified by the Director as having a significant impact on the prevalence of illicit drug use—
+
+(i) data sufficient to show the quantities of such substance available in the United States, including—
+
+(I) the total amount seized and disrupted in the calendar year and each of the previous 3 calendar years, including to the extent practicable the amount seized by State, local, and Tribal governments;
+
+(II) the known and estimated flows into the United States from all sources in the calendar year and each of the previous 3 calendar years;
+
+(III) the total amount of known flows that could not be interdicted or disrupted in the calendar year and each of the previous 3 calendar years;
+
+(IV) the known and estimated levels of domestic production in the calendar year and each of the previous three calendar years, including the levels of domestic production if the drug is a prescription drug, as determined under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act [21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.], for which a listing is in effect under section 812 of this title;
+
+(V) the average street price for the calendar year and the highest known street price during the preceding 10-year period; and
+
+(VI) to the extent practicable, related prosecutions by State, local, and Tribal governments; 22 So in original. Probably should be followed by “and”.
+
+(ii) data sufficient to show the frequency of use of such substance, including—
+
+(I) use of such substance in the workplace and productivity lost by such use;
+
+(II) use of such substance by arrestees, probationers, and parolees;
+
+(III) crime and criminal activity related to such substance; and
+
+(IV) to the extent practicable, related prosecutions by State, local, and Tribal governments.
+
+(B) For the calendar year and each of the previous three years data sufficient to show, disaggregated by State and, to the extent feasible, by region within a State, county, or city, the following:
+
+(i) The number of fatal and non-fatal overdoses caused by each drug identified under subparagraph (A)(i).
+
+(ii) The prevalence of substance use disorders.
+
+(iii) The number of individuals who have received substance use disorder treatment, including medication assisted treatment, for a substance use disorder, including treatment provided through publicly-financed health care programs.
+
+(iv) The extent of the unmet need for substance use disorder treatment, including the unmet need for medication-assisted treatment.
+
+(C) Data sufficient to show the extent of prescription drug diversion, trafficking, and misuse in the calendar year and each of the previous 3 calendar years.
+
+(D) Any quantifiable measures the Director determines to be appropriate to detail progress toward the achievement of the goals of the National Drug Control Strategy.
+
+(g) Development of an annual national drug control assessment (1) Timing Not later than the first Monday in February of each year, the Director shall submit to the President, Congress, and the appropriate congressional committees, a report assessing the progress of each National Drug Control Program agency toward achieving each goal, objective, and target contained in the National Drug Control Strategy applicable to the prior fiscal year.
+
+(2) Process for development of the annual assessment Not later than November 1 of each year, the head of each National Drug Control Program agency shall submit, in accordance with guidance issued by the Director, to the Director an evaluation of progress by the agency with respect to the National Drug Control Strategy goals using the performance measures for the agency developed under this chapter, including progress with respect to—
+
+(A) success in achieving the goals of the National Drug Control Strategy;
+
+(B) success in reducing domestic and foreign sources of illegal drugs;
+
+(C) success in expanding access to and increasing the effectiveness of substance use disorder treatment;
+
+(D) success in protecting the borders of the United States (and in particular the Southwestern border of the United States) from penetration by illegal narcotics;
+
+(E) success in reducing crime associated with drug use in the United States;
+
+(F) success in reducing the negative health and social consequences of drug use in the United States;
+
+(G) implementation of evidence-based substance use disorder treatment and prevention programs in the United States and improvements in the adequacy and effectiveness of such programs; and
+
+(H) success in increasing the prevention of illicit drug use.
+
+(3) Contents of the annual assessment The Director shall include in the annual assessment required under paragraph (1)—
+
+(A) a summary of each evaluation received by the Director under paragraph (2);
+
+(B) a summary of the progress of each National Drug Control Program agency toward the National Drug Control Strategy goals of the agency using the performance measures for the agency developed under this chapter;
+
+(C) an assessment of the effectiveness of each National Drug Control Program agency and program in achieving the National Drug Control Strategy for the previous year, including a specific evaluation of whether the applicable goals, measures, objectives, and targets for the previous year were met; and
+
+(D) the assessments required under this subsection shall be based on the Performance Measurement System.33 So in original.
+
+(h) Performance measurement system Not later than February 1 of each year, the Director shall submit to Congress as part of the National Drug Control Strategy, a description of a national drug control performance measurement system, that—
+
+(1) develops 2-year and 5-year performance measures and targets for each National Drug Control Strategy goal and objective established for reducing drug use, availability, and the consequences of drug use;
+
+(2) describes the sources of information and data that will be used for each performance measure incorporated into the performance measurement system;
+
+(3) identifies major programs and activities of the National Drug Control Program agencies that support the goals and annual objectives of the National Drug Control Strategy;
+
+(4) evaluates the contribution of demand reduction and supply reduction activities as defined in section 1701 of this title implemented by each National Drug Control Program agency in support of the National Drug Control Strategy;
+
+(5) monitors consistency between the drug-related goals and objectives of the National Drug Control Program agencies and ensures that each agency’s goals and budgets support and are fully consistent with the National Drug Control Strategy;
+
+(6) coordinates the development and implementation of national drug control data collection and reporting systems to support policy formulation and performance measurement, including an assessment of—
+
+(A) the quality of current drug use measurement instruments and techniques to measure supply reduction and demand reduction activities;
+
+(B) the adequacy of the coverage of existing national drug use measurement instruments and techniques to measure the illicit drug user population, and groups that are at risk for illicit drug use;
+
+(C) the adequacy of the coverage of existing national treatment outcome monitoring systems to measure the effectiveness of drug abuse treatment in reducing illicit drug use and criminal behavior during and after the completion of substance abuse treatment; and
+
+(D) the actions the Director shall take to correct any deficiencies and limitations identified pursuant to subparagraphs (A) and (B) of this subsection; and
+
+(7) develops performance measures and targets for the National Drug Control Strategy for supplemental strategies (the Southwest Border, Northern Border, and Caribbean Border Counternarcotics Strategies) to effectively evaluate region-specific goals, to the extent the performance measurement system does not adequately measure the effectiveness of the strategies, as determined by the Director, such strategies may evaluate interdiction efforts at and between ports of entry, interdiction technology, intelligence sharing, diplomacy, and other appropriate metrics, specific to each supplemental strategies region, as determined by the Director.
+
+(i) Modifications A description of any modifications made during the preceding year to the national drug performance measurement system described in subsection (c) 44 Probably should be “(h)”. shall be included in each report submitted under subsection (b).55 Probably should be “(d)”.
+
+(Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title VII, §§ 706, 715, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–681, 2681–693; Pub. L. 109–469, title II, §§ 201, 202, title VI, § 602, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3513, 3517, 3533; Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, §§ 8202(a), (b)(2), 8221(a), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4110, 4134; Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(1), (2), (c)(1)(B), (d), Nov. 27, 2019, 133 Stat. 1155, 1158; Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LIII, § 5302, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3249.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, referred to in subsec. (f)(3)(A)(i)(IV), is act June 25, 1938, ch. 675, 52 Stat. 1040, which is classified generally to chapter 9 (§ 301 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 301 of this title and Tables. This chapter, referred to in subsec. (g)(2), (3)(B), was in the original “this title”, meaning title VII of div. C of Pub. L. 105–277, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–670, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title VII to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1701 of this title and Tables.
+
+Amendments2022—Subsec. (h)(7). Pub. L. 117–263 added par. (7). 2019—Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(c)(1)(B), amended directory language of Pub. L. 115–271, § 8221(a). See 2018 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(2), substituted “National Drug Control Program agencies” for “National Drug Control Program Agencies” wherever appearing. Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(1), substituted “National Drug Control Program agency” for “National Drug Control Program Agency” wherever appearing. Subsec. (c)(1)(N)(ii). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(d)(1)(A), substituted “Program agencies” for “Programs”. Subsec. (c)(1)(N)(iii). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(d)(1)(B), substituted “Program agencies” for “Agencies”. Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(d)(2), substituted “paragraph (1)(M)” for “paragraph (1)” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(d)(3)(A), substituted “Office” for “office”. Subsec. (f)(3)(A)(ii)(III). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(d)(3)(B)(i), substituted “substance; and” for “substance;”. Subsec. (f)(3)(A)(ii)(IV). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(d)(3)(B)(ii), substituted “governments.” for “governments;”. Subsec. (g)(3)(B). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(d)(4), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to this chapter. 2018—Pub. L. 115–271, § 8221(a), as amended by Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(c)(1)(B)(ii), added subsecs. (a) to (g), redesignated former subsecs. (c) and (d) as (h) and (i), respectively, and struck out former subsecs. (a) and (b) which related to submission of the National Drug Control Strategy and submission of a revised strategy. Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2), repealed Pub. L. 105–277, § 715. See 1998 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(a), revived and restored this section as in effect on Sept. 29, 2003, and as amended by Pub. L. 109–469 and Pub. L. 112–166. See Reauthorization of the Office of National Drug Control Policy note set out under section 1701 of this title. 2006—Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, amended Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, which provided for the repeal of this section. See 1998 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 109–469, § 201, amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to development, submission, implementation, and assessment of National Drug Control Strategy. Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 109–469, § 202, added subsecs. (c) and (d). 1998—Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, as amended by Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, which provided for the repeal of this section effective Sept. 30, 2010, was repealed by Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2). See former section 1712 of this title.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2019 AmendmentAmendment by section 2(c)(1)(B) of Pub. L. 116–74 effective as if included in the enactment of subtitle K of title VIII of Pub. L. 115–271, see section 2(c)(2) of Pub. L. 116–74, set out as a note under section 1522 of this title.
+
+Requirement for Southwest Border Counternarcotics StrategyPub. L. 109–469, title XI, § 1110, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3543, which directed the Director of National Drug Control Policy to submit to Congress every two years a Southwest Border Counternarcotics Strategy, was repealed by Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8221(b)(2), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4142. See subsection (c)(3)(B) of this section.
+
+Requirement for Northern Border Counternarcotics StrategyPub. L. 109–469, title XI, § 1110A, as added by Pub. L. 111–356, § 2, Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3976, which directed the Director of National Drug Control Policy to develop, in consultation with the head of each relevant National Drug Control Program Agency, and to submit to Congress every two years, a Northern Border Counternarcotics Strategy, was repealed by Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8221(b)(2), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4142. See subsection (c)(3)(C) of this section.

legal/us/code/title-21/chapter-22/section-1706.md

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "21 U.S.C. § 1706"
+description: "High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Program"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 21
+title_name: "FOOD AND DRUGS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY"
+section: "1706"
+citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1706"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t21/s1706"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml"
+source_hash: "2e95f7fb615e641c42b86af5f4664ec0715186f2012839864c91600afd6961ef"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "3dbd7a61c8616baefb8459bd8dac3b93242106deb416308c8d4dd5a9143176d1"
+text_hash: "148a9f3f9eb0c28065225af4769c6363ce0ce515006c796153af2188031935cf"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 21 U.S.C. § 1706 - High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Program
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Establishment (1) In general There is established in the Office a program to be known as the High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Program (in this section referred to as the “Program”).
+
+(2) Purpose The purpose of the Program is to reduce drug trafficking and drug production in the United States by—
+
+(A) facilitating cooperation among Federal, State, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies to share information and implement coordinated enforcement activities;
+
+(B) enhancing law enforcement intelligence sharing among Federal, State, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies;
+
+(C) providing reliable law enforcement intelligence to law enforcement agencies needed to design effective enforcement strategies and operations; and
+
+(D) supporting coordinated law enforcement strategies which maximize use of available resources to reduce the supply of illegal drugs in designated areas and in the United States as a whole.
+
+(b) Designation (1) In general The Director, in consultation with the Attorney General, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Homeland Security, heads of the National Drug Control Program agencies, and the Governor of each applicable State, may designate any specified area of the United States as a high intensity drug trafficking area.
+
+(2) Activities After making a designation under paragraph (1) and in order to provide Federal assistance to the area so designated, the Director may—
+
+(A) obligate such sums as are appropriated for the Program;
+
+(B) direct the temporary reassignment of Federal personnel to such area, subject to the approval of the head of the department or agency that employs such personnel;
+
+(C) take any other action authorized under section 1703 of this title to provide increased Federal assistance to those areas; and
+
+(D) coordinate activities under this section (specifically administrative, recordkeeping, and funds management activities) with State, local, and tribal officials.
+
+(c) Petitions for designation The Director shall establish regulations under which a coalition of interested law enforcement agencies from an area may petition for designation as a high intensity drug trafficking area. Such regulations shall provide for a regular review by the Director of the petition, including a recommendation regarding the merit of the petition to the Director by a panel of qualified, independent experts.
+
+(d) Factors for consideration In considering whether to designate an area under this section as a high intensity drug trafficking area, the Director shall consider, in addition to such other criteria as the Director considers to be appropriate, the extent to which—
+
+(1) the area is a significant center of illegal drug production, manufacturing, importation, or distribution;
+
+(2) State, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies have committed resources to respond to the drug trafficking problem in the area, thereby indicating a determination to respond aggressively to the problem;
+
+(3) drug-related activities in the area are having a significant harmful impact in the area, and in other areas of the country; and
+
+(4) a significant increase in allocation of Federal resources is necessary to respond adequately to drug-related activities in the area.
+
+(e) Organization of high intensity drug trafficking areas (1) Executive Board and officers To be eligible for funds appropriated under this section, each high intensity drug trafficking area shall be governed by an Executive Board. The Executive Board shall designate a chairman, vice chairman, and any other officers to the Executive Board that it determines are necessary.
+
+(2) Responsibilities The Executive Board of a high intensity drug trafficking area shall be responsible for—
+
+(A) providing direction and oversight in establishing and achieving the goals of the high intensity drug trafficking area;
+
+(B) managing the funds of the high intensity drug trafficking area;
+
+(C) reviewing and approving all funding proposals consistent with the overall objective of the high intensity drug trafficking area; and
+
+(D) reviewing and approving all reports to the Director on the activities of the high intensity drug trafficking area.
+
+(3) Board representation None of the funds appropriated under this section may be expended for any high intensity drug trafficking area, or for a partnership or region of a high intensity drug trafficking area, if the Executive Board for such area, region, or partnership, does not apportion an equal number of votes between representatives of participating Federal agencies and representatives of participating State, local, and tribal agencies. Where it is impractical for an equal number of representatives of Federal agencies and State, local, and tribal agencies to attend a meeting of an Executive Board in person, the Executive Board may use a system of proxy votes or weighted votes to achieve the voting balance required by this paragraph.
+
+(4) No agency relationship The eligibility requirements of this section are intended to ensure the responsible use of Federal funds. Nothing in this section is intended to create an agency relationship between individual high intensity drug trafficking areas and the Federal Government.
+
+(f) Use of funds The Director shall ensure that not more than a total of 5 percent of Federal funds appropriated for the Program are expended for substance use disorder treatment programs and drug prevention programs.
+
+(g) Counterterrorism activities (1) Assistance authorized The Director may authorize use of resources available for the Program to assist Federal, State, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies in investigations and activities related to terrorism and prevention of terrorism, especially but not exclusively with respect to such investigations and activities that are also related to drug trafficking.
+
+(2) Limitation The Director shall ensure—
+
+(A) that assistance provided under paragraph (1) remains incidental to the purpose of the Program to reduce drug availability and carry out drug-related law enforcement activities; and
+
+(B) that significant resources of the Program are not redirected to activities exclusively related to terrorism, except on a temporary basis under extraordinary circumstances, as determined by the Director.
+
+(h) Role of Drug Enforcement Administration The Director, in consultation with the Attorney General, shall ensure that a representative of the Drug Enforcement Administration is included in the Intelligence Support Center for each high intensity drug trafficking area.
+
+(i) Annual HIDTA Program budget submissions As part of the documentation that supports the President’s annual budget request for the Office, the Director shall submit to Congress a budget justification that includes—
+
+(1) the amount proposed for each high intensity drug trafficking area, conditional upon a review by the Office of the request submitted by the HIDTA and the performance of the HIDTA, with supporting narrative descriptions and rationale for each request;
+
+(2) a detailed justification that explains—
+
+(A) the reasons for the proposed funding level; how such funding level was determined based on a current assessment of the drug trafficking threat in each high intensity drug trafficking area;
+
+(B) how such funding will ensure that the goals and objectives of each such area will be achieved; and
+
+(C) how such funding supports the National Drug Control Strategy; and
+
+(3) the amount of HIDTA funds used to investigate and prosecute organizations and individuals trafficking in methamphetamine in the prior calendar year, and a description of how those funds were used.
+
+(j) Emerging threat response fund (1) In general Subject to the availability of appropriations, the Director may expend up to 10 percent of the amounts appropriated under this section on a discretionary basis, to respond to any emerging drug trafficking threat in an existing high intensity drug trafficking area, or to establish a new high intensity drug trafficking area or expand an existing high intensity drug trafficking area, in accordance with the criteria established under paragraph (2).
+
+(2) Consideration of impact In allocating funds under this subsection, the Director shall consider—
+
+(A) the impact of activities funded on reducing overall drug traffic in the United States, or minimizing the probability that an emerging drug trafficking threat will spread to other areas of the United States; and
+
+(B) such other criteria as the Director considers appropriate.
+
+(k) Evaluation (1) Initial report Not later than 90 days after December 29, 2006, the Director shall, after consulting with the Executive Boards of each designated high intensity drug trafficking area, submit a report to Congress that describes, for each designated high intensity drug trafficking area—
+
+(A) the specific purposes for the high intensity drug trafficking area;
+
+(B) the specific long-term and short-term goals and objectives for the high intensity drug trafficking area;
+
+(C) the measurements that will be used to evaluate the performance of the high intensity drug trafficking area in achieving the long-term and short-term goals; and
+
+(D) the reporting requirements needed to evaluate the performance of the high intensity drug trafficking area in achieving the long-term and short-term goals.
+
+(2) Evaluation of HIDTA Program as part of National Drug Control Strategy For each designated high intensity drug trafficking area, the Director shall submit, as part of the annual National Drug Control Strategy report, a report that—
+
+(A) describes—
+
+(i) the specific purposes for the high intensity drug trafficking area; and
+
+(ii) the specific long-term and short-term goals and objectives for the high intensity drug trafficking area; and
+
+(B) includes an evaluation of the performance of the high intensity drug trafficking area in accomplishing the specific long-term and short-term goals and objectives identified under paragraph (1)(B).
+
+(l) Assessment of drug enforcement task forces in high intensity drug trafficking areas Not later than 1 year after December 29, 2006, and as part of each subsequent annual National Drug Control Strategy report, the Director shall submit to Congress a report—
+
+(1) assessing the number and operation of all federally funded drug enforcement task forces within each high intensity drug trafficking area; and
+
+(2) describing—
+
+(A) each Federal, State, local, and tribal drug enforcement task force operating in the high intensity drug trafficking area;
+
+(B) how such task forces coordinate with each other, with any high intensity drug trafficking area task force, and with investigations receiving funds from the Organized Crime and Drug Enforcement Task Force;
+
+(C) what steps, if any, each such task force takes to share information regarding drug trafficking and drug production with other federally funded drug enforcement task forces in the high intensity drug trafficking area;
+
+(D) the role of the high intensity drug trafficking area in coordinating the sharing of such information among task forces;
+
+(E) the nature and extent of cooperation by each Federal, State, local, and tribal participant in ensuring that such information is shared among law enforcement agencies and with the high intensity drug trafficking area;
+
+(F) the nature and extent to which information sharing and enforcement activities are coordinated with joint terrorism task forces in the high intensity drug trafficking area; and
+
+(G) any recommendations for measures needed to ensure that task force resources are utilized efficiently and effectively to reduce the availability of illegal drugs in the high intensity drug trafficking areas.
+
+(m) Assessment of law enforcement intelligence sharing in High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Program Not later than 180 days after December 29, 2006, and as part of each subsequent annual National Drug Control Strategy report, the Director, in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to Congress a report—
+
+(1) evaluating existing and planned law enforcement intelligence systems supported by each high intensity drug trafficking area, or utilized by task forces receiving any funding under the Program, including the extent to which such systems ensure access and availability of law enforcement intelligence to Federal, State, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies within the high intensity drug trafficking area and outside of it;
+
+(2) the extent to which Federal, State, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies participating in each high intensity drug trafficking area are sharing law enforcement intelligence information to assess current drug trafficking threats and design appropriate enforcement strategies; and
+
+(3) the measures needed to improve effective sharing of information and law enforcement intelligence regarding drug trafficking and drug production among Federal, State, local, and tribal law enforcement participating in a high intensity drug trafficking area, and between such agencies and similar agencies outside the high intensity drug trafficking area.
+
+(n) Coordination of Law enforcement intelligence sharing with Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force program The Director, in consultation with the Attorney General, shall ensure that any drug enforcement intelligence obtained by the Intelligence Support Center for each high intensity drug trafficking area is shared, on a timely basis, with the drug intelligence fusion center operated by the Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force of the Department of Justice.
+
+(o) Use of funds to combat methamphetamine trafficking (1) Requirement As part of the documentation that supports the President’s annual budget request for the Office, the Director shall submit to Congress a report describing the use of HIDTA funds to investigate and prosecute organizations and individuals trafficking in methamphetamine in the prior calendar year.
+
+(2) Contents The report shall include—
+
+(A) the number of methamphetamine manufacturing facilities discovered through HIDTA-funded initiatives in the previous fiscal year;
+
+(B) the amounts of methamphetamine or listed chemicals (as that term is defined in section 802(33) of this title) seized by HIDTA-funded initiatives in the area during the previous year; and
+
+(C) law enforcement intelligence and predictive data from the Drug Enforcement Administration showing patterns and trends in abuse, trafficking, and transportation in methamphetamine and listed chemicals.
+
+(3) Certification Before the Director awards any funds to a high intensity drug trafficking area, the Director shall certify that the law enforcement entities participating in that HIDTA are providing laboratory seizure data to the national clandestine laboratory database at the El Paso Intelligence Center.
+
+(p) Authorization of appropriations There is authorized to be appropriated to the Office of National Drug Control Policy to carry out this section—
+
+(1) $240,000,000 for fiscal year 2007;
+
+(2) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2008;
+
+(3) $260,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
+
+(4) $270,000,000 for fiscal year 2010;
+
+(5) $280,000,000 for each of 11 So in original. fiscal year 2011; and
+
+(6) $280,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2023.
+
+(q) Specific purposes (1) In general The Director shall ensure that, of the amounts appropriated for a fiscal year for the Program, at least $7,000,000 is used in high intensity drug trafficking areas with severe neighborhood safety and illegal drug distribution problems.
+
+(2) Required uses The funds used under paragraph (1) shall be used to ensure the safety of neighborhoods and the protection of communities, including the prevention of the intimidation of witnesses of illegal drug distribution and related activities and the establishment of, or support for, programs that provide protection or assistance to witnesses in court proceedings.
+
+(3) Best practice models The Director shall work with HIDTAs to develop and maintain best practice models to assist State, local, and Tribal governments in addressing witness safety, relocation, financial and housing assistance, or any other services related to witness protection or assistance in cases of illegal drug distribution and related activities. The Director shall ensure dissemination of the best practice models to each HIDTA.
+
+(r) Drug overdose response strategy implementation The Director may use funds appropriated to carry out this section to implement a drug overdose response strategy in high intensity drug trafficking areas on a nationwide basis by—
+
+(1) coordinating multi-disciplinary efforts to prevent, reduce, and respond to drug overdoses, including the uniform reporting of fatal and non-fatal overdoses to public health and safety officials;
+
+(2) increasing data sharing among public safety and public health officials concerning drug-related abuse trends, including new psychoactive substances, and related crime; and
+
+(3) enabling collaborative deployment of prevention, intervention, and enforcement resources to address substance use addiction and narcotics trafficking.
+
+(s) Supplemental grants The Director is authorized to use not more than $10,000,000 of the amounts otherwise appropriated to carry out this section to provide supplemental competitive grants to high intensity drug trafficking areas that have experienced high seizures of fentanyl and new psychoactive substances for the purposes of—
+
+(1) purchasing portable equipment to test for fentanyl and other substances;
+
+(2) training law enforcement officers and other first responders on best practices for handling fentanyl and other substances; and
+
+(3) purchasing protective equipment, including overdose reversal drugs.
+
+(Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title VII, §§ 707, 715, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–686, 2681–693; Pub. L. 109–469, title III, §§ 301, § 302(c), title VI, § 602, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3518, 3525, 3533; Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, §§ 8202(a), 8202(b)(2), 8205, 8208, 8209, Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4110, 4113, 4114; Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(7), Nov. 27, 2019, 133 Stat. 1157.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextDecember 29, 2006, referred to in subsecs. (k)(1), (l), and (m) was in the original “the date of the enactment of this section”, which was translated as meaning the date of enactment of Pub. L. 109–469, which amended this section generally, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
+
+Amendments2019—Subsec. (o)(2)(B). Pub. L. 116–74 substituted “802(33) of this title)” for “802(33) of this title”. 2018—Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2), repealed Pub. L. 105–277, § 715. See 1998 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(a), revived and restored this section as in effect on Sept. 29, 2003, and as amended by Pub. L. 109–469 and Pub. L. 112–166. See Reauthorization of the Office of National Drug Control Policy note set out under section 1701 of this title. Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8205(1), substituted “not more than a total of 5 percent of Federal funds appropriated for the Program are expended for substance use disorder treatment programs and drug prevention programs.” for “no Federal funds appropriated for the Program are expended for the establishment or expansion of drug treatment programs, and shall ensure that not more than 5 percent of the Federal funds appropriated for the Program are expended for the establishment of drug prevention programs.” Subsec. (p)(6). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8205(2), added par. (6). Subsec. (q)(2). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8205(3)(A), added par. (2) and struck out former par. (2). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The funds used under paragraph (1) shall be used— “(A) to ensure the safety of neighborhoods and the protection of communities, including the prevention of the intimidation of potential witnesses of illegal drug distribution and related activities; and “(B) to combat illegal drug trafficking through such methods as the Director considers appropriate, such as establishing or operating (or both) a toll-free telephone hotline for use by the public to provide information about illegal drug-related activities.” Subsec. (q)(3). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8205(3)(B), added par. (3). Subsec. (r). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8208, added subsec. (r). Subsec. (s). Pub. L. 115–271, § 8209, added subsec. (s). 2006—Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, amended Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, which provided for the repeal of this section. See 1998 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 109–469, § 301, amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to the High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Program. Subsec. (q). Pub. L. 109–469, § 302(c), added subsec. (q). 1998—Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, as amended by Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, which provided for the repeal of this section effective Sept. 30, 2010, was repealed by Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2). See former section 1712 of this title.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+FindingsPub. L. 109–469, title III, § 302(b), Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3524, provided that: “Congress finds the following: “(1) In the early morning hours of October 16, 2002, the home of Carnell and Angela Dawson was firebombed in apparent retaliation for Mrs. Dawson’s notification to police about persistent drug distribution activity in their East Baltimore City neighborhood. “(2) The arson claimed the lives of Mr. and Mrs. Dawson and their 5 young children, aged 9 to 14. “(3) The horrific murder of the Dawson family is a stark example of domestic narco-terrorism. “(4) In all phases of counternarcotics law enforcement—from prevention to investigation to prosecution to reentry—the voluntary cooperation of ordinary citizens is a critical component. “(5) Voluntary cooperation is difficult for law enforcement officials to obtain when citizens feel that cooperation carries the risk of violent retaliation by illegal drug trafficking organizations and their affiliates. “(6) Public confidence that law enforcement is doing all it can to make communities safe is a prerequisite for voluntary cooperation among people who may be subject to intimidation or reprisal (or both). “(7) Witness protection programs are insufficient on their own to provide security because many individuals and families who strive every day to make distressed neighborhoods livable for their children, other relatives, and neighbors will resist or refuse offers of relocation by local, State, and Federal prosecutorial agencies and because, moreover, the continued presence of strong individuals and families is critical to preserving and strengthening the social fabric in such communities. “(8) Where (as in certain sections of Baltimore City) interstate trafficking of illegal drugs has severe ancillary local consequences within areas designated as high intensity drug trafficking areas, it is important that supplementary High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Program funds be committed to support initiatives aimed at making the affected communities safe for the residents of those communities and encouraging their cooperation with tribal, local, State, and Federal law enforcement efforts to combat illegal drug trafficking.”
+
+Combating Methamphetamine and Amphetamine in High Intensity Drug Trafficking AreasPub. L. 106–310, div. B, title XXXVI, § 3624, Oct. 17, 2000, 114 Stat. 1232, provided that: “(a) In General.—“(1) In general.—The Director of National Drug Control Policy shall use amounts available under this section to combat the trafficking of methamphetamine and amphetamine in areas designated by the Director as high intensity drug trafficking areas. “(2) Activities.—In meeting the requirement in paragraph (1), the Director shall transfer funds to appropriate Federal, State, and local governmental agencies for employing additional Federal law enforcement personnel, or facilitating the employment of additional State and local law enforcement personnel, including agents, investigators, prosecutors, laboratory technicians, chemists, investigative assistants, and drug-prevention specialists. “(b) Authorization of Appropriations.—There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section—“(1) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2000; and “(2) such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 2001 through 2004. “(c) Apportionment of Funds.—“(1) Factors in apportionment.—The Director shall apportion amounts appropriated for a fiscal year pursuant to the authorization of appropriations in subsection (b) for activities under subsection (a) among and within areas designated by the Director as high intensity drug trafficking areas based on the following factors:“(A) The number of methamphetamine manufacturing facilities and amphetamine manufacturing facilities discovered by Federal, State, or local law enforcement officials in the previous fiscal year. “(B) The number of methamphetamine prosecutions and amphetamine prosecutions in Federal, State, or local courts in the previous fiscal year. “(C) The number of methamphetamine arrests and amphetamine arrests by Federal, State, or local law enforcement officials in the previous fiscal year. “(D) The amounts of methamphetamine, amphetamine, or listed chemicals (as that term is defined in section 102(33) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802(33)) seized by Federal, State, or local law enforcement officials in the previous fiscal year. “(E) Intelligence and predictive data from the Drug Enforcement Administration and the Department of Health and Human Services showing patterns and trends in abuse, trafficking, and transportation in methamphetamine, amphetamine, and listed chemicals (as that term is so defined). “(2) Certification.—Before the Director apportions any funds under this subsection to a high intensity drug trafficking area, the Director shall certify that the law enforcement entities responsible for clandestine methamphetamine and amphetamine laboratory seizures in that area are providing laboratory seizure data to the national clandestine laboratory database at the El Paso Intelligence Center. “(d) Limitation on Administrative Costs.—Not more than 5 percent of the amount appropriated in a fiscal year pursuant to the authorization of appropriations for that fiscal year in subsection (b) may be available in that fiscal year for administrative costs associated with activities under subsection (a).”
+
+Funding for High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas ProgramPub. L. 106–58, title III, Sept. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 448, provided in part: “That, hereafter, of the amount appropriated for fiscal year 2000 or any succeeding fiscal year for the High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Program, the funds to be obligated or expended during such fiscal year for programs addressing the treatment or prevention of drug use as part of the approved strategy for a designated High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area (HIDTA) shall not be less than the funds obligated or expended for such programs during fiscal year 1999 for each designated HIDTA without the prior approval of the Committees on Appropriations”.

legal/us/code/title-21/chapter-22/section-1707.md

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "21 U.S.C. § 1707"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8222(3), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4143"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 21
+title_name: "FOOD AND DRUGS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY"
+section: "1707"
+citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1707"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t21/s1707"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml"
+source_hash: "ae79acea7abd1da6c9fccf257ce350ea11fd273162feb446d234f76d701be9d5"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "3dbd7a61c8616baefb8459bd8dac3b93242106deb416308c8d4dd5a9143176d1"
+text_hash: "81046cb1b9485a4d7398c0bee1a4a21f7a861c23ffff469c95d5544572acae59"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 21 U.S.C. § 1707 - Repealed. Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8222(3), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4143
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title VII, §§ 708, 715, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–687, 2681–693; Pub. L. 109–469, title IV, § 401, title VI, § 602, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3525, 3533; Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8202(a), (b)(2), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4110, related to Counter-Drug Technology Assessment Center.

legal/us/code/title-21/chapter-22/section-1708.md

@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "21 U.S.C. § 1708"
+description: "Emerging Threats Committee, plan, and media campaign"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 21
+title_name: "FOOD AND DRUGS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY"
+section: "1708"
+citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1708"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t21/s1708"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml"
+source_hash: "7ae4f4a596d5ab2704f5ac886c3ea23c3ce65ef33bb76e296e595f2ff1541812"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "3dbd7a61c8616baefb8459bd8dac3b93242106deb416308c8d4dd5a9143176d1"
+text_hash: "863a199541709807806f5916692c6987722b1ccac75c139ea754255dd0a8c063"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 21 U.S.C. § 1708 - Emerging Threats Committee, plan, and media campaign
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Emerging and Continuing Threats Coordinator The Director shall designate or appoint a United States Emerging and Continuing Threats Coordinator to perform the duties of that position described in this section and such other duties as may be determined by the Director. For purposes of carrying out the previous sentence, the Director shall designate or appoint an appointee in the Senior Executive Service or an appointee in a position at level 15 of the General Schedule (or equivalent).
+
+(b) Emerging Threats Committee (1) In general The Emerging Threats Committee shall—
+
+(A) monitor evolving and emerging drug threats in the United States;
+
+(B) identify and discuss evolving and emerging drug trends in the United States using the criteria required to be established under paragraph (6);
+
+(C) assist in the formulation of and oversee implementation of any plan described in subsection (d);
+
+(D) provide such other advice to the Coordinator and Director concerning strategy and policies for emerging drug threats and trends as the Committee determines to be appropriate; and
+
+(E) disseminate and facilitate the sharing with Federal, State, local, and Tribal officials and other entities as determined by the Director of pertinent information and data relating to—
+
+(i) recent trends in drug supply and demand;
+
+(ii) fatal and nonfatal overdoses;
+
+(iii) demand for and availability of evidence-based substance use disorder treatment, including the extent of the unmet treatment need, and treatment admission trends;
+
+(iv) recent trends in drug interdiction, supply, and demand from State, local, and Tribal law enforcement agencies; and
+
+(v) other subject matter as determined necessary by the Director.
+
+(2) Chairperson The Director shall designate one of the members of the Emerging Threats Committee to serve as Chairperson.
+
+(3) Members The Director shall appoint other members of the Committee, which shall include—
+
+(A) representatives from National Drug Control Program agencies or other agencies;
+
+(B) representatives from State, local, and Tribal governments; and
+
+(C) representatives from other entities as designated by the Director.
+
+(4) Meetings The members of the Emerging Threats Committee shall meet, in person and not through any delegate or representative, not less frequently than once per calendar year, before June 1. At the call of the Director or the Chairperson, the Emerging Threats Committee may hold additional meetings as the members may choose.
+
+(5) Contract, agreement, and other authority The Director may award contracts, enter into interagency agreements, manage individual projects, and conduct other activities in support of the identification of emerging drug threats and in support of the development, implementation, and assessment of any Emerging Threat Response Plan.
+
+(6) Criteria to identify emerging drug threats Not later than 180 days after the date on which the Committee first meets, the Committee shall develop and recommend to the Director criteria to be used to identify an emerging drug threat or the termination of an emerging drug threat designation based on information gathered by the Committee, statistical data, and other evidence.
+
+(c) Designation (1) In general The Director, in consultation with the Coordinator, the Committee, and the head of each National Drug Control Program agency, may designate an emerging drug threat in the United States.
+
+(2) Standards for designation The Director, in consultation with the Coordinator, shall promulgate and make publicly available standards by which a designation under paragraph (1) and the termination of such designation may be made. In developing such standards, the Director shall consider the recommendations of the committee and other criteria the Director considers to be appropriate.
+
+(3) Public statement required The Director shall publish a public written statement on the portal of the Office explaining the designation of an emerging drug threat or the termination of such designation and shall notify the appropriate congressional committees of the availability of such statement when a designation or termination of such designation has been made.
+
+(d) Plan (1) Public availability of plan Not later than 90 days after making a designation under subsection (c), the Director shall publish and make publicly available an Emerging Threat Response Plan and notify the President and the appropriate congressional committees of such plan’s availability.
+
+(2) Timing Concurrently with the annual submissions under section 1705(g) of this title, the Director shall update the plan and report on implementation of the plan, until the Director issues the public statement required under subsection (c)(3) to terminate the emerging drug threat designation.
+
+(3) Contents of an emerging threat response plan The Director shall include in the plan required under this subsection—
+
+(A) a comprehensive strategic assessment of the emerging drug threat, including the current availability of, demand for, and effectiveness of evidence-based prevention, treatment, and enforcement programs and efforts to respond to the emerging drug threat;
+
+(B) comprehensive, research-based, short- and long-term, quantifiable goals for addressing the emerging drug threat, including for reducing the supply of the drug designated as the emerging drug threat and for expanding the availability and effectiveness of evidence-based substance use disorder treatment and prevention programs to reduce the demand for the emerging drug threat;
+
+(C) performance measures pertaining to the plan’s goals, including quantifiable and measurable objectives and specific targets;
+
+(D) the level of funding needed to implement the plan, including whether funding is available to be reprogrammed or transferred to support implementation of the plan or whether additional appropriations are necessary to implement the plan;
+
+(E) an implementation strategy for the media campaign under subsection (f), including goals as described under subparagraph (B) of this paragraph and performance measures, objectives, and targets, as described under subparagraph (C) of this paragraph; and
+
+(F) any other information necessary to inform the public of the status, progress, or response to an emerging drug threat.
+
+(4) Implementation (A) In general Not later than 120 days after the date on which a designation is made under subsection (c), the Director, in consultation with the President, the appropriate congressional committees, and the head of each National Drug Control Program agency, shall issue guidance on implementation of the plan described in this subsection to the National Drug Control Program agencies and any other relevant agency determined to be necessary by the Director.
+
+(B) Coordinator’s responsibilities The Coordinator shall—
+
+(i) direct the implementation of the plan among the agencies identified in the plan, State, local, and Tribal governments, and other relevant entities;
+
+(ii) facilitate information-sharing between agencies identified in the plan, State, local, and Tribal governments, and other relevant entities; and
+
+(iii) monitor implementation of the plan by coordinating the development and implementation of collection and reporting systems to support performance measurement and adherence to the plan by agencies identified in the plan, where appropriate.
+
+(C) Reporting Not later than 180 days after the date on which a designation is made under subsection (c) and in accordance with subparagraph (A), the head of each agency identified in the plan shall submit to the Coordinator a report on implementation of the plan.
+
+(e) Evaluation of media campaign Upon designation of an emerging drug threat, the Director shall evaluate whether a media campaign would be appropriate to address that threat.
+
+(f) National anti-drug media campaign (1) In general The Director shall, to the extent feasible and appropriate, conduct a national anti-drug media campaign (referred to in this subsection as the “national media campaign”) in accordance with this subsection for the purposes of—
+
+(A) preventing substance abuse among people in the United States;
+
+(B) educating the public about the dangers and negative consequences of substance use and abuse, including patient and family education about the characteristics and hazards of substance abuse and methods to safeguard against substance use, to include the safe disposal of prescription medications;
+
+(C) supporting evidence-based prevention programs targeting the attitudes, perception, and beliefs of persons concerning substance use and intentions to initiate or continue such use;
+
+(D) encouraging individuals affected by substance use disorders to seek treatment and providing such individuals with information on—
+
+(i) how to recognize addiction issues;
+
+(ii) what forms of evidence-based treatment options are available; and
+
+(iii) how to access such treatment;
+
+(E) combating the stigma of addiction and substance use disorders, including the stigma of treating such disorders with medication-assisted treatment therapies; and
+
+(F) informing the public about the dangers of any drug identified by the Director as an emerging drug threat as appropriate.
+
+(2) Use of funds (A) In general Amounts made available to carry out this subsection for the national media campaign may only be used for the following:
+
+(i) The purchase of media time and space, including the strategic planning for, tracking, and accounting of, such purchases.
+
+(ii) Creative and talent costs, consistent with subparagraph (B)(i).
+
+(iii) Advertising production costs, which may include television, radio, internet, social media, and other commercial marketing venues.
+
+(iv) Testing and evaluation of advertising.
+
+(v) Evaluation of the effectiveness of the national media campaign.
+
+(vi) Costs of contracts to carry out activities authorized by this subsection.
+
+(vii) Partnerships with professional and civic groups, community-based organizations, including faith-based organizations, and government organizations related to the national media campaign.
+
+(viii) Entertainment industry outreach, interactive outreach, media projects and activities, public information, news media outreach, and corporate sponsorship and participation.
+
+(ix) Operational and management expenses.
+
+(B) Specific requirements (i) Creative services In using amounts for creative and talent costs under subparagraph (A)(ii), the Director shall use creative services donated at no cost to the Government wherever feasible and may only procure creative services for advertising—
+
+(I) responding to high-priority or emergent campaign needs that cannot timely be obtained at no cost; or
+
+(II) intended to reach a minority, ethnic, or other special audience that cannot reasonably be obtained at no cost.
+
+(ii) Testing and evaluation of advertising In using amounts for testing and evaluation of advertising under subparagraph (A)(iv), the Director shall test all advertisements prior to use in the national media campaign to ensure that the advertisements are effective with the target audience and meet industry-accepted standards. The Director may waive this requirement for advertisements using no more than 10 percent of the purchase of advertising time purchased under this subsection in a fiscal year and no more than 10 percent of the advertising space purchased under this subsection in a fiscal year, if the advertisements respond to emergent and time-sensitive campaign needs or the advertisements will not be widely utilized in the national media campaign.
+
+(iii) Consultation For the planning of the campaign under paragraph (1), the Director may consult with—
+
+(I) the head of any appropriate National Drug Control Program agency;
+
+(II) experts on the designated drug;
+
+(III) State, local, and Tribal government officials and relevant agencies;
+
+(IV) communications professionals;
+
+(V) the public; and
+
+(VI) appropriate congressional committees.
+
+(iv) Evaluation of effectiveness of national media campaign In using amounts for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the national media campaign under subparagraph (A)(v), the Director shall—
+
+(I) designate an independent entity to evaluate by April 20 of each year the effectiveness of the national media campaign based on data from—
+
+(aa) the Monitoring the Future Study published by the Department of Health and Human Services;
+
+(bb) the National Survey on Drug Use and Health; and
+
+(cc) other relevant studies or publications, as determined by the Director, including tracking and evaluation data collected according to marketing and advertising industry standards; and
+
+(II) ensure that the effectiveness of the national media campaign is evaluated in a manner that enables consideration of whether the national media campaign has contributed to changes in attitude or behaviors among the target audience with respect to substance use and such other measures of evaluation as the Director determines are appropriate.
+
+(3) Advertising In carrying out this subsection, the Director shall ensure that sufficient funds are allocated to meet the stated goals of the national media campaign.
+
+(4) Responsibilities and functions under the program (A) In general The Director shall determine the overall purposes and strategy of the national media campaign.
+
+(B) Director (i) In general The Director shall approve—
+
+(I) the strategy of the national media campaign;
+
+(II) all advertising and promotional material used in the national media campaign; and
+
+(III) the plan for the purchase of advertising time and space for the national media campaign.
+
+(ii) Implementation The Director shall be responsible for implementing a focused national media campaign to meet the purposes set forth in paragraph (1) and shall ensure—
+
+(I) information disseminated through the campaign is accurate and scientifically valid; and
+
+(II) the campaign is designed using strategies demonstrated to be the most effective at achieving the goals and requirements of paragraph (1), which may include—
+
+(aa) a media campaign, as described in paragraph (2);
+
+(bb) local, regional, or population specific messaging;
+
+(cc) the development of websites to publicize and disseminate information;
+
+(dd) conducting outreach and providing educational resources for parents;
+
+(ee) collaborating with law enforcement agencies; and
+
+(ff) providing support for school-based public health education classes to improve teen knowledge about the effects of substance use.
+
+(5) Prohibitions None of the amounts made available under paragraph (2) may be obligated or expended for any of the following:
+
+(A) To supplant current anti-drug community-based coalitions.
+
+(B) To supplant pro bono public service time donated by national and local broadcasting networks for other public service campaigns.
+
+(C) For partisan political purposes, or to express advocacy in support of or to defeat any clearly identified candidate, clearly identified ballot initiative, or clearly identified legislative or regulatory proposal.
+
+(D) To fund advertising that features any elected officials, persons seeking elected office, cabinet level officials, or other Federal officials employed pursuant to section 213 of Schedule C of title 5, Code of Federal Regulations.
+
+(E) To fund advertising that does not contain a primary message intended to reduce or prevent substance use.
+
+(F) To fund advertising containing a primary message intended to promote support for the national media campaign or private sector contributions to the national media campaign.
+
+(6) Matching requirement (A) In general Amounts made available under paragraph (2) for media time and space shall be matched by an equal amount of non-Federal funds for the national media campaign, or be matched with in-kind contributions of the same value.
+
+(B) No-cost match advertising direct relationship requirement The Director shall ensure that not less than 85 percent of no-cost match advertising directly relates to substance abuse prevention consistent with the specific purposes of the national media campaign.
+
+(C) No-cost match advertising not directly related The Director shall ensure that no-cost match advertising that does not directly relate to substance abuse prevention consistent with the purposes of the national media campaign includes a clear anti-drug message. Such message is not required to be the primary message of the match advertising.
+
+(7) Financial and performance accountability The Director shall cause to be performed—
+
+(A) audits and reviews of costs of the national media campaign pursuant to section 4706 of title 41; and
+
+(B) an audit to determine whether the costs of the national media campaign are allowable under chapter 43 of title 41.
+
+(8) Report to Congress The Director shall submit on an annual basis a report to Congress that describes—
+
+(A) the strategy of the national media campaign and whether specific objectives of the national media campaign were accomplished;
+
+(B) steps taken to ensure that the national media campaign operates in an effective and efficient manner consistent with the overall strategy and focus of the national media campaign;
+
+(C) plans to purchase advertising time and space;
+
+(D) policies and practices implemented to ensure that Federal funds are used responsibly to purchase advertising time and space and eliminate the potential for waste, fraud, and abuse;
+
+(E) all contracts entered into with a corporation, partnership, or individual working on behalf of the national media campaign;
+
+(F) the results of any financial audit of the national media campaign;
+
+(G) a description of any evidence used to develop the national media campaign;
+
+(H) specific policies and steps implemented to ensure compliance with this section;
+
+(I) a detailed accounting of the amount of funds obligated during the previous fiscal year for carrying out the national media campaign, including each recipient of funds, the purpose of each expenditure, the amount of each expenditure, any available outcome information, and any other information necessary to provide a complete accounting of the funds expended; and
+
+(J) a review and evaluation of the effectiveness of the national media campaign strategy for the past year.
+
+(9) Required notice for communication from the Office Any communication, including an advertisement, paid for or otherwise disseminated by the Office directly or through a contract awarded by the Office shall include a prominent notice informing the audience that the communication was paid for by the Office.
+
+(g) Authorization of appropriations There is authorized to be appropriated to the Office to carry out this section, $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2023.
+
+(Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title VII, §§ 709, 715, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–688, 2681–693; Pub. L. 109–469, title V, § 501(a), title VI, § 602, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3527, 3533; Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, §§ 8202(a), (b)(2), 8218(a), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4110, 4125; Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(1), (2), (8), Nov. 27, 2019, 133 Stat. 1155, 1157.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe General Schedule, referred to in subsec. (a), is set out under section 5332 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
+
+Amendments2019—Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(2), substituted “National Drug Control Program agencies” for “National Drug Control Program Agencies” wherever appearing. Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(1), substituted “National Drug Control Program agency” for “National Drug Control Program Agency” wherever appearing. Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(8)(A), in heading, inserted “and Continuing” before “Threats”, and in text, substituted “For purposes of carrying out the previous sentence, the Director shall designate or appoint an” for “The Director shall determine whether the coordinator position is a noncareer” and “an appointee” for “a career appointee”. Subsec. (d)(3)(F). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(8)(B)(i), substituted “response to” for “response of”. Subsec. (d)(4)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(8)(B)(ii), inserted “the” before “plan, where”. Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(a)(8)(C), substituted “subsection” for “chapter”. 2018—Pub. L. 115–271, § 8218(a), amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to national youth anti-drug media campaign. Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2), repealed Pub. L. 105–277, § 715. See 1998 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(a), revived and restored this section as in effect on Sept. 29, 2003, and as amended by Pub. L. 109–469 and Pub. L. 112–166. See Reauthorization of the Office of National Drug Control Policy note set out under section 1701 of this title. 2006—Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, amended Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, which provided for the repeal of this section. See 1998 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 109–469, § 501(a), amended section catchline and text generally. Prior to amendment, section related to the President’s Council on Counter-Narcotics. 1998—Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, as amended by Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, which provided for the repeal of this section effective Sept. 30, 2010, was repealed by Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2). See former section 1712 of this title.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Methamphetamine ResponsePub. L. 117–99, Mar. 14, 2022, 136 Stat. 43, provided that: “SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.“This Act may be cited as the ‘Methamphetamine Response Act of 2021’. “SEC. 2. DECLARATION OF EMERGING THREAT.“(a) In General.—Congress declares methamphetamine an emerging drug threat, as defined in section 702 of the Office of National Drug Control Policy Reauthorization Act of 1998 (21 U.S.C. 1701), in the United States. “(b) Required Emerging Threat Response Plan.—Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Mar. 14, 2022], the Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy shall establish and implement an Emerging Threat Response Plan that is specific to methamphetamine in accordance with section 709(d) of the Office of National Drug Control Policy Reauthorization Act of 1998 (21 U.S.C. 1708(d)).”
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Ex. Ord. No. 12992. President’s Council on Counter-Narcotics Ex. Ord. No. 12992, Mar. 15, 1996, 61 F.R. 11287, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13023, §§ 2, 3, Nov. 6, 1996, 61 F.R. 57767; Ex. Ord. No. 13284, § 8, Jan. 23, 2003, 68 F.R. 4076, provided: By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, it is hereby ordered as follows: Section 1. Establishment. There is established the President’s Drug Policy Council (“Council”). Sec. 2. Membership. The Council shall comprise the: (a) President, who shall serve as Chairman of the Council; (b) Vice President; (c) Secretary of State; (d) Secretary of the Treasury; (e) Secretary of Defense; (f) Attorney General; (g) Secretary of the Interior; (h) Secretary of Agriculture; (i) Secretary of Health and Human Services; (j) Secretary of Housing and Urban Development; (k) Secretary of Transportation; (l) Secretary of Education; (m) Secretary of Veterans Affairs; (n) Secretary of Homeland Security; (o) Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations; (p) Director of the Office of Management and Budget; (q) Chief of Staff to the President; (r) Director of National Drug Control Policy; (s) Director of Central Intelligence; (t) Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs; (u) Counsel to the President; (v) Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff; (w) National Security Advisor to the Vice President; and (x) Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy. As applicable, the Council shall also comprise such other officials of the departments and agencies as the President may, from time to time, designate. Sec. 3. Meetings of the Council. The President, or upon his direction, the Vice President, may convene meetings of the Council. The President shall preside over meetings of the Council, provided that in his absence, the Vice President will preside. The Council will meet at least quarterly. Sec. 4. Functions. (a) The functions of the Council are to advise and assist the President in: (1) providing direction and oversight for the national drug control strategy, including relating drug control policy to other national security interests and establishing priorities; and (2) ensuring coordination among departments and agencies concerning implementation of the President’s national drug control strategy. (b) The Director of National Drug Control Policy will continue to be the senior drug control policy official in the executive branch and the President’s chief drug control policy spokesman. (c) In matters affecting national security interests, the Director of National Drug Control Policy shall work in conjunction with the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs. Sec. 5. Administration. (a) The Council may utilize established or ad hoc committees, task forces, or interagency groups chaired by the Director of National Drug Control Policy or his representative, in carrying out its functions under this order. (b) The staff of the Office of National Drug Control Policy, in coordination with the staffs of the Vice President and the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, shall act as staff for the Council. (c) All executive departments and agencies shall cooperate with the Council and provide such assistance, information, and advice as the Council may request, to the extent permitted by law.
+
+Ex. Ord. No. 13023. Expanding and Changing Name of President’s Council on Counter-Narcotics Ex. Ord. No. 13023, Nov. 6, 1996, 61 F.R. 57767, provided: By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, and in order to change the name of the “President’s Council on Counter-Narcotics” to the “President’s Drug Policy Council” and to make the Secretaries of the Interior, Agriculture, Health and Human Services, Housing and Urban Development, Education, Veterans Affairs, and the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, permanent members of the Council, it is hereby ordered as follows: Section 1. The Council established by Executive Order 12992 [set out above] shall henceforth be called the “President’s Drug Policy Council.” [Secs. 2, 3. Amended Ex. Ord. No. 12992, set out above.] William J. Clinton.

legal/us/code/title-21/chapter-22/section-1708a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "21 U.S.C. § 1708a"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(b)(1), Nov. 27, 2019, 133 Stat. 1157"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 21
+title_name: "FOOD AND DRUGS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY"
+section: "1708a"
+citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1708a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t21/s1708a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml"
+source_hash: "50fb3aff63aa201ee14f3bd6df91bd166deffc170fda9f61ec3c3806177fce5b"
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+text_hash: "05607a5d10f0d58adfe3ae41a2380db5d6c9c8ec38d4a4d6a86b390d945b4e0c"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 21 U.S.C. § 1708a - Repealed. Pub. L. 116–74, § 2(b)(1), Nov. 27, 2019, 133 Stat. 1157
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 109–469, title II, § 203, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3517; Pub. L. 112–234, § 2(c), Dec. 28, 2012, 126 Stat. 1624; Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8218(b), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4132, required the Government Accountability Office to conduct and supervise an audit and investigation and prepare and report every 3 years.

legal/us/code/title-21/chapter-22/section-1709.md

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "21 U.S.C. § 1709"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 109–469, title XI, § 1101(a), Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3539"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 21
+title_name: "FOOD AND DRUGS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY"
+section: "1709"
+citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1709"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t21/s1709"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml"
+source_hash: "36689fd186fe7de039cc9bbc960e88d51ac8ae840f503be963ddbb24c619c7bd"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "3dbd7a61c8616baefb8459bd8dac3b93242106deb416308c8d4dd5a9143176d1"
+text_hash: "f1bb549b6c8e310e01f4e39a70205aec3f2dea2b25ac08bae0301cec8ff24ba0"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 21 U.S.C. § 1709 - Repealed. Pub. L. 109–469, title XI, § 1101(a), Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3539
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title VII, § 710, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–689, related to Parents Advisory Council on Youth Drug Abuse.

legal/us/code/title-21/chapter-22/section-1710a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "21 U.S.C. § 1710a"
+description: "Requirement for disclosure of Federal sponsorship of all Federal advertising or other communication materials"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 21
+title_name: "FOOD AND DRUGS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY"
+section: "1710a"
+citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1710a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t21/s1710a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml"
+source_hash: "5bdafd74246063a7d92d5c0811adb1a87e890c0de61853caf6e9edfd87c4665d"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "3dbd7a61c8616baefb8459bd8dac3b93242106deb416308c8d4dd5a9143176d1"
+text_hash: "88505d4b392c31ef470f754c9a4aad278a6b2d8a7201c1ced3ba68c98d0a8890"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 21 U.S.C. § 1710a - Requirement for disclosure of Federal sponsorship of all Federal advertising or other communication materials
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Requirement Each advertisement or other communication paid for by the Office, either directly or through a contract awarded by the Office, shall include a prominent notice informing the target audience that the advertisement or other communication is paid for by the Office.
+
+(b) Advertisement or other communication In this section, the term “advertisement or other communication” includes—
+
+(1) an advertisement disseminated in any form, including print or by any electronic means; and
+
+(2) a communication by an individual in any form, including speech, print, or by any electronic means.
+
+(Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title VII, § 712, as added Pub. L. 109–469, title XI, § 1118, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3546; amended Pub. L. 105–277, div. C. title VII, § 715, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–693; Pub. L. 109–469, title VI, § 602, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3533; Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8202(a), (b)(2), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4110.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Another section 712 of title VII of div. C of Pub. L. 105–277 amended former section 1509 of this title.
+
+Amendments2018—Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2), repealed Pub. L. 105–277, § 715. See 1998 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(a), revived and restored this section as in effect on Sept. 29, 2003, and as amended by Pub. L. 109–469 and Pub. L. 112–166. See Reauthorization of the Office of National Drug Control Policy note set out under section 1701 of this title. 2006—Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, amended Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, which provided for the repeal of this section. See 1998 Amendment note below. 1998—Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, as amended by Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, which provided for the repeal of this section effective Sept. 30, 2010, was repealed by Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2). See former section 1712 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-21/chapter-22/section-1711.md

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+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "21 U.S.C. § 1711"
+description: "Authorization of appropriations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 21
+title_name: "FOOD AND DRUGS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY"
+section: "1711"
+citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1711"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t21/s1711"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml"
+source_hash: "539002c11549ec424aecb07eb7c3307d84b136231a56d90bd1aa7b11db78631e"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 21 U.S.C. § 1711 - Authorization of appropriations
+
+## Text
+
+There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this chapter except activities otherwise specified, to remain available until expended, $18,400,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2023.
+
+(Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title VII, §§ 714, 715, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–693; Pub. L. 109–469, title VI, §§ 601, 602, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3533; Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8202, Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4110.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThis chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title VII of Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–670, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title VII to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1701 of this title and Tables.
+
+Amendments2018—Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2), repealed Pub. L. 105–277, § 715. See 1998 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(1), substituted “$18,400,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2023” for “such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2010”. Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(a), revived and restored this section as in effect on Sept. 29, 2003, and as amended by Pub. L. 109–469 and Pub. L. 112–166. See Reauthorization of the Office of National Drug Control Policy note set out under section 1701 of this title. 2006—Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, amended Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, which provided for the repeal of this section. See 1998 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 109–469, § 601, substituted “chapter except activities otherwise specified,” for “chapter,” and “2006 through 2010” for “1999 through 2003”. 1998—Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, as amended by Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, which provided for the repeal of this section effective Sept. 30, 2010, was repealed by Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2). See former section 1712 of this title.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+AppropriationsProvisions appropriating funds to carry out activities authorized by the Office of National Drug Control Policy Reauthorization Act of 1998, which enacted this chapter, were contained in the following appropriation acts: Pub. L. 109–115, div. A, title V, Nov. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2475. Pub. L. 108–447, div. H, title III, Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3249, 3250. Pub. L. 108–199, div. F, title III, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 324.

legal/us/code/title-21/chapter-22/section-1712.md

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+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "21 U.S.C. § 1712"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8202(b)(2), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4110"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 21
+title_name: "FOOD AND DRUGS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY"
+section: "1712"
+citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1712"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t21/s1712"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml"
+source_hash: "11b2e9ebea587ae5f37e8829ec086c7ee80eef3a3d9ce3cbebfb6d60384033f6"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 21 U.S.C. § 1712 - Repealed. Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8202(b)(2), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4110
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title VII, § 715, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–693; Pub. L. 109–469, title VI, § 602, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3533; Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8202(a), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4110, provided for the termination of Office of National Drug Control Policy and repealed this chapter effective Sept. 30, 2010.

legal/us/code/title-21/chapter-22/section-1713.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "21 U.S.C. § 1713"
+description: "Authorization of use of environmentally-approved herbicides to eliminate illicit narcotics crops"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 21
+title_name: "FOOD AND DRUGS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY"
+section: "1713"
+citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1713"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t21/s1713"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml"
+source_hash: "4e4f1af1e79d34309ad120d8747c8f1ecec0ff7f6cb03378992b39322d41a044"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "3dbd7a61c8616baefb8459bd8dac3b93242106deb416308c8d4dd5a9143176d1"
+text_hash: "1e1f7a5e1c9f1cc2d77046b3c2046cc410116bce0d830459cb4275822a7abe3b"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 21 U.S.C. § 1713 - Authorization of use of environmentally-approved herbicides to eliminate illicit narcotics crops
+
+## Text
+
+The Secretary of State, the Attorney General, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Defense, the Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy, and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency are authorized to support the development and use of environmentally-approved herbicides to eliminate illicit narcotics crops, including coca, cannabis, and opium poppy, both in the United States and in foreign countries.
+
+(Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title VIII, § 834, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–702.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was enacted as part of the Western Hemisphere Drug Elimination Act, and not as part of the Office of National Drug Control Policy Reauthorization Act of 1998 which comprises this chapter.

legal/us/code/title-21/chapter-22/section-1714.md

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "21 U.S.C. § 1714"
+description: "Awards for demonstration programs by local partnerships to coerce abstinence in chronic hard-drug users under community supervision through the use of drug testing and sanctions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 21
+title_name: "FOOD AND DRUGS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY"
+section: "1714"
+citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1714"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t21/s1714"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml"
+source_hash: "f48571458fd2ed95b8d9bcd4c520c20b36960f8bd8a92925232c1aac7bbaa844"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "3dbd7a61c8616baefb8459bd8dac3b93242106deb416308c8d4dd5a9143176d1"
+text_hash: "27e1df2e96fd4dbb4371a65f5f2d36040ffbfc82b5fa598326e192b663d83d77"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 21 U.S.C. § 1714 - Awards for demonstration programs by local partnerships to coerce abstinence in chronic hard-drug users under community supervision through the use of drug testing and sanctions
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Awards required The Director shall make competitive awards to fund demonstration programs by eligible partnerships for the purpose of reducing the use of illicit drugs by chronic hard-drug users living in the community while under the supervision of the criminal justice system.
+
+(b) Use of award amounts Award amounts received under this section shall be used—
+
+(1) to support the efforts of the agencies, organizations, and researchers included in the eligible partnership;
+
+(2) to develop and field a drug testing and graduated sanctions program for chronic hard-drug users living in the community under criminal justice supervision; and
+
+(3) to assist individuals described in subsection (a) by strengthening rehabilitation efforts through such means as job training, drug treatment, or other services.
+
+(c) Eligible partnership defined In this section, the term “eligible partnership” means a working group whose application to the Director—
+
+(1) identifies the roles played, and certifies the involvement of, two or more agencies or organizations, which may include—
+
+(A) State, local, or tribal agencies (such as those carrying out police, probation, prosecution, courts, corrections, parole, or treatment functions);
+
+(B) Federal agencies (such as the Drug Enforcement Agency, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, and United States Attorney offices); and
+
+(C) community-based organizations;
+
+(2) includes a qualified researcher;
+
+(3) includes a plan for using judicial or other criminal justice authority to administer drug tests to individuals described in subsection (a) at least twice a week, and to swiftly and certainly impose a known set of graduated sanctions for non-compliance with community-release provisions relating to drug abstinence (whether imposed as a pre-trial, probation, or parole condition or otherwise);
+
+(4) includes a strategy for responding to a range of substance use and abuse problems and a range of criminal histories;
+
+(5) includes a plan for integrating data infrastructure among the agencies and organizations included in the eligible partnership to enable seamless, real-time tracking of individuals described in subsection (a);
+
+(6) includes a plan to monitor and measure the progress toward reducing the percentage of the population of individuals described in subsection (a) who, upon being summoned for a drug test, either fail to show up or who test positive for drugs.
+
+(d) Reports to Congress (1) Interim report Not later than June 1, 2009, the Director shall submit to Congress a report that identifies the best practices in reducing the use of illicit drugs by chronic hard-drug users, including the best practices identified through the activities funded under this section.
+
+(2) Final report Not later than June 1, 2010, the Director shall submit to Congress a report on the demonstration programs funded under this section, including on the matters specified in paragraph (1).
+
+(e) Authorization of appropriations There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $4,900,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 through 2009.
+
+(Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title VII, § 716, as added Pub. L. 109–469, title XI, § 1119, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3547; amended Pub. L. 105–277, div. C. title VII, § 715, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–693; Pub. L. 109–469, title VI, § 602, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3533; Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8202(a), (b)(2), Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4110.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2018—Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2), repealed Pub. L. 105–277, § 715. See 1998 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(a), revived and restored this section as in effect on Sept. 29, 2003, and as amended by Pub. L. 109–469 and Pub. L. 112–166. See Reauthorization of the Office of National Drug Control Policy note set out under section 1701 of this title. 2006—Pub. L. 109–469 amended Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, which provided for the repeal of this section. See 1998 Amendment note below. 1998—Pub. L. 105–277, § 715, as amended by Pub. L. 109–469, § 602, which provided for the repeal of this section effective Sept. 30, 2010, was repealed by Pub. L. 115–271, § 8202(b)(2). See former section 1712 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-21/chapter-22/section-1715.md

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "21 U.S.C. § 1715"
+description: "GAO audit"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 21
+title_name: "FOOD AND DRUGS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY"
+section: "1715"
+citation: "21 U.S.C. § 1715"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t21/s1715"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml"
+source_hash: "46190017c47e7e77eb45afd70b463541d35ca0d4fd67623906a8de5296caa413"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "3dbd7a61c8616baefb8459bd8dac3b93242106deb416308c8d4dd5a9143176d1"
+text_hash: "5c3f88ac8efc581eec6095f7cf0288be61eb4c08ca59cd88ce4eabb389b9a3de"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 21 U.S.C. § 1715 - GAO audit
+
+## Text
+
+Not later than 4 years after October 24, 2018, and every 4 years thereafter, the Comptroller General of the United States shall—
+
+(1) conduct an audit relating to the programs and operations of—
+
+(A) the Office; 11 See References in Text note below. and
+
+(B) certain programs within the Office,1 including—
+
+(i) the High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Program;
+
+(ii) the Drug-Free Communities Program; and
+
+(iii) the campaign under section 1708(f) of this title; and
+
+(2) submit to the Director 1 and the appropriate congressional committees 1 a report containing an evaluation of and recommendations on the—
+
+(A) policies and activities of the programs and operations subject to the audit;
+
+(B) economy, efficiency, and effectiveness in the administration of the reviewed programs and operations; and
+
+(C) policy or management changes needed to prevent and detect fraud and abuse in such programs and operations.
+
+(Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8220, Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4134.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe terms “Office”, “Director”, and “appropriate congressional committees”, referred to in text, probably have the meanings given such terms in section 1701 of this title.
+
+Codification Section was enacted as part of the Substance Abuse Prevention Act of 2018, and also as part of the Substance Use–Disorder Prevention that Promotes Opioid Recovery and Treatment for Patients and Communities Act, also known as the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act, and not as part of the Office of National Drug Control Policy Reauthorization Act of 1998 which comprises this chapter.