Legal corpus: the complete U.S. Code (59,740 sections, all 53 titles)

Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code
now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 ->
59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun,
verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make
legal-us-code default now covers every title.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

legal/us/code/title-29/chapter-14/section-621.md

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+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "29 U.S.C. § 621"
+description: "Congressional statement of findings and purpose"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 29
+title_name: "LABOR"
+chapter_number: "14"
+chapter_name: "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT"
+section: "621"
+citation: "29 U.S.C. § 621"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s621"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 29 U.S.C. § 621 - Congressional statement of findings and purpose
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The Congress hereby finds and declares that—
+
+(1) in the face of rising productivity and affluence, older workers find themselves disadvantaged in their efforts to retain employment, and especially to regain employment when displaced from jobs;
+
+(2) the setting of arbitrary age limits regardless of potential for job performance has become a common practice, and certain otherwise desirable practices may work to the disadvantage of older persons;
+
+(3) the incidence of unemployment, especially long-term unemployment with resultant deterioration of skill, morale, and employer acceptability is, relative to the younger ages, high among older workers; their numbers are great and growing; and their employment problems grave;
+
+(4) the existence in industries affecting commerce, of arbitrary discrimination in employment because of age, burdens commerce and the free flow of goods in commerce.
+
+(b) It is therefore the purpose of this chapter to promote employment of older persons based on their ability rather than age; to prohibit arbitrary age discrimination in employment; to help employers and workers find ways of meeting problems arising from the impact of age on employment.
+
+(Pub. L. 90–202, § 2, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 602.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date; Rules and RegulationsSection 16, formerly § 15, of Pub. L. 90–202, renumbered by Pub. L. 93–259, § 28(b)(1), Apr. 8, 1974, 88 Stat. 74, provided that: “This Act [enacting this chapter] shall become effective one hundred and eighty days after enactment [Dec. 15, 1967], except (a) that the Secretary of Labor may extend the delay in effective date of any provision of this Act up to and additional ninety days thereafter if he finds that such time is necessary in permitting adjustments to the provisions hereof, and (b) that on or after the date of enactment [Dec. 15, 1967] the Secretary of Labor is authorized to issue such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out its provisions.”
+
+Short Title of 1996 AmendmentPub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(a) [title I, § 119], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009, 3009–23, provided in part that: “This section [amending section 623 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under section 623 of this title, and repealing provisions set out as a note under section 623 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Age Discrimination in Employment Amendments of 1996’.”
+
+Short Title of 1990 AmendmentPub. L. 101–433, § 1, Oct. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 978, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 623, 626, and 630 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 623 and 626 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Older Workers Benefit Protection Act’.”
+
+Short Title of 1986 AmendmentPub. L. 99–592, § 1, Oct. 31, 1986, 100 Stat. 3342, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 623, 630, and 631 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 622 to 624 and 631 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Age Discrimination in Employment Amendments of 1986’.”
+
+Short Title of 1978 AmendmentPub. L. 95–256, § 1, Apr. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 189, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 623, 624, 626, 631, 633a, and 634 of this title and sections 8335 and 8339 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, repealing section 3322 of Title 5, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 623, 626, 631, and 633a of this title] may be cited as the ‘Age Discrimination in Employment Act Amendments of 1978’.”
+
+Short TitlePub. L. 90–202, § 1, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 602, provided: “That this Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967’.”
+
+SeverabilityPub. L. 101–433, title III, § 301, Oct. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 984, provided that: “If any provision of this Act [see Short Title of 1990 Amendment note above], or an amendment made by this Act, or the application of such provision to any person or circumstances is held to be invalid, the remainder of this Act and the amendments made by this Act, and the application of such provision to other persons and circumstances, shall not be affected thereby.”
+
+Congressional FindingPub. L. 101–433, title I, § 101, Oct. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 978, provided that: “The Congress finds that, as a result of the decision of the Supreme Court in Public Employees Retirement System of Ohio v. Betts, 109 S.Ct. 256 (1989), legislative action is necessary to restore the original congressional intent in passing and amending the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (29 U.S.C. 621 et seq.), which was to prohibit discrimination against older workers in all employee benefits except when age-based reductions in employee benefit plans are justified by significant cost considerations.”
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Transfer of Functions Functions vested by this section in Secretary of Labor or Civil Service Commission transferred to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1978, § 2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–101 of Ex. Ord. No. 12106, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1053.

legal/us/code/title-29/chapter-14/section-622.md

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+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "29 U.S.C. § 622"
+description: "Education and research program; recommendation to Congress"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 29
+title_name: "LABOR"
+chapter_number: "14"
+chapter_name: "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT"
+section: "622"
+citation: "29 U.S.C. § 622"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s622"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 29 U.S.C. § 622 - Education and research program; recommendation to Congress
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The Secretary of Labor shall undertake studies and provide information to labor unions, management, and the general public concerning the needs and abilities of older workers, and their potentials for continued employment and contribution to the economy. In order to achieve the purposes of this chapter, the Secretary of Labor shall carry on a continuing program of education and information, under which he may, among other measures—
+
+(1) undertake research, and promote research, with a view to reducing barriers to the employment of older persons, and the promotion of measures for utilizing their skills;
+
+(2) publish and otherwise make available to employers, professional societies, the various media of communication, and other interested persons the findings of studies and other materials for the promotion of employment;
+
+(3) foster through the public employment service system and through cooperative effort the development of facilities of public and private agencies for expanding the opportunities and potentials of older persons;
+
+(4) sponsor and assist State and community informational and educational programs.
+
+(b) Not later than six months after the effective date of this chapter, the Secretary shall recommend to the Congress any measures he may deem desirable to change the lower or upper age limits set forth in section 631 of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 90–202, § 3, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 602.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe effective date of this chapter, referred to in subsec. (b), means the effective date of Pub. L. 90–202, which is one hundred and eighty days after the enactment of this chapter, except that the Secretary of Labor may extend the delay in effective date an additional ninety days thereafter for any provision to permit adjustments to such provisions. See section 16 of Pub. L. 90–202, set out as a note under section 621 of this title.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Study and Proposed Guidelines Relating to Police Officers and FirefightersPub. L. 99–592, § 5, Oct. 31, 1986, 100 Stat. 3343, provided that: “(a) Study.—Not later than 4 years after the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 31, 1986], the Secretary of Labor and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, jointly, shall—“(1) conduct a study—“(A) to determine whether physical and mental fitness tests are valid measurements of the ability and competency of police officers and firefighters to perform the requirements of their jobs, “(B) if such tests are found to be valid measurements of such ability and competency, to determine which particular types of tests most effectively measure such ability and competency, and “(C) to develop recommendations with respect to specific standards that such tests, and the administration of such tests should satisfy, and “(2) submit a report to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate that includes—“(A) a description of the results of such study, and “(B) a statement of the recommendations developed under paragraph (1)(C). “(b) Consultation Requirement.—The Secretary of Labor and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission shall, during the conduct of the study required under subsection (a) and prior to the development of recommendations under paragraph (1)(C), consult with the United States Fire Administration, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, organizations representing law enforcement officers, firefighters, and their employers, and organizations representing older Americans. “(c) Proposed Guidelines.—Not later than 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 31, 1986], the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission shall propose, in accordance with subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5 of the United States Code, guidelines for the administration and use of physical and mental fitness tests to measure the ability and competency of police officers and firefighters to perform the requirements of their jobs.”

legal/us/code/title-29/chapter-14/section-624.md

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "29 U.S.C. § 624"
+description: "Study by Secretary of Labor; reports to President and Congress; scope of study; implementation of study; transmittal date of reports"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 29
+title_name: "LABOR"
+chapter_number: "14"
+chapter_name: "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT"
+section: "624"
+citation: "29 U.S.C. § 624"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s624"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 29 U.S.C. § 624 - Study by Secretary of Labor; reports to President and Congress; scope of study; implementation of study; transmittal date of reports
+
+## Text
+
+(a) (1) The Secretary of Labor is directed to undertake an appropriate study of institutional and other arrangements giving rise to involuntary retirement, and report his findings and any appropriate legislative recommendations to the President and to the Congress. Such study shall include—
+
+(A) an examination of the effect of the amendment made by section 3(a) of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act Amendments of 1978 in raising the upper age limitation established by section 631(a) of this title to 70 years of age;
+
+(B) a determination of the feasibility of eliminating such limitation;
+
+(C) a determination of the feasibility of raising such limitation above 70 years of age; and
+
+(D) an examination of the effect of the exemption contained in section 631(c) of this title, relating to certain executive employees, and the exemption contained in section 631(d) of this title, relating to tenured teaching personnel.
+
+(2) The Secretary may undertake the study required by paragraph (1) of this subsection directly or by contract or other arrangement.
+
+(b) The report required by subsection (a) of this section shall be transmitted to the President and to the Congress as an interim report not later than January 1, 1981, and in final form not later than January 1, 1982.
+
+(Pub. L. 90–202, § 5, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 604; Pub. L. 95–256, § 6, Apr. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 192.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextSection 3(a) of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act Amendments of 1978, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A), is section 3(a) of Pub. L. 95–256, Apr. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 189, which amended section 631 of this title.
+
+Amendments1978—Pub. L. 95–256 designated existing provisions as par. (1), added cls. (A) to (D), added par. (2), and added subsec. (b).
+
+Study To Analyze Potential Consequences of Elimination of Mandatory Retirement on Institutions of Higher EducationPub. L. 99–592, § 6(c), Oct. 31, 1986, 100 Stat. 3344, required the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, not later than 12 months after Oct. 31, 1986, to enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Sciences for the conduct of a study to analyze the potential consequences of the elimination of mandatory retirement on institutions of higher education and to report the results of the study, with recommendations, to the President and to Congress not later than 5 years after Oct. 31, 1986.

legal/us/code/title-29/chapter-14/section-625.md

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+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "29 U.S.C. § 625"
+description: "Administration"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 29
+title_name: "LABOR"
+chapter_number: "14"
+chapter_name: "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT"
+section: "625"
+citation: "29 U.S.C. § 625"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s625"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
+source_hash: "da129bf3ba6d6708b10e3ae5e2616a75a724054ca12dadf867f9c3233467b7c5"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 29 U.S.C. § 625 - Administration
+
+## Text
+
+The Secretary shall have the power—
+
+(a) Delegation of functions; appointment of personnel; technical assistance to make delegations, to appoint such agents and employees, and to pay for technical assistance on a fee for service basis, as he deems necessary to assist him in the performance of his functions under this chapter;
+
+(b) Cooperation with other agencies, employers, labor organizations, and employment agencies to cooperate with regional, State, local, and other agencies, and to cooperate with and furnish technical assistance to employers, labor organizations, and employment agencies to aid in effectuating the purposes of this chapter.
+
+(Pub. L. 90–202, § 6, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 604.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Transfer of Functions Functions relating to age discrimination administration and enforcement vested by this section in Secretary of Labor or Civil Service Commission transferred to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1978, § 2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–101 of Ex. Ord. No. 12106, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1053.

legal/us/code/title-29/chapter-14/section-626.md

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "29 U.S.C. § 626"
+description: "Recordkeeping, investigation, and enforcement"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 29
+title_name: "LABOR"
+chapter_number: "14"
+chapter_name: "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT"
+section: "626"
+citation: "29 U.S.C. § 626"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s626"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
+source_hash: "6520f7f043f9bc7437614101adeec895f5f6259718fcbb58c4304da417450e7a"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 29 U.S.C. § 626 - Recordkeeping, investigation, and enforcement
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Attendance of witnesses; investigations, inspections, records, and homework regulations The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission shall have the power to make investigations and require the keeping of records necessary or appropriate for the administration of this chapter in accordance with the powers and procedures provided in sections 209 and 211 of this title.
+
+(b) Enforcement; prohibition of age discrimination under fair labor standards; unpaid minimum wages and unpaid overtime compensation; liquidated damages; judicial relief; conciliation, conference, and persuasion The provisions of this chapter shall be enforced in accordance with the powers, remedies, and procedures provided in sections 211(b), 216 (except for subsection (a) thereof), and 217 of this title, and subsection (c) of this section. Any act prohibited under section 623 of this title shall be deemed to be a prohibited act under section 215 of this title. Amounts owing to a person as a result of a violation of this chapter shall be deemed to be unpaid minimum wages or unpaid overtime compensation for purposes of sections 216 and 217 of this title: Provided, That liquidated damages shall be payable only in cases of willful violations of this chapter. In any action brought to enforce this chapter the court shall have jurisdiction to grant such legal or equitable relief as may be appropriate to effectuate the purposes of this chapter, including without limitation judgments compelling employment, reinstatement or promotion, or enforcing the liability for amounts deemed to be unpaid minimum wages or unpaid overtime compensation under this section. Before instituting any action under this section, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission shall attempt to eliminate the discriminatory practice or practices alleged, and to effect voluntary compliance with the requirements of this chapter through informal methods of conciliation, conference, and persuasion.
+
+(c) Civil actions; persons aggrieved; jurisdiction; judicial relief; termination of individual action upon commencement of action by Commission; jury trial (1) Any person aggrieved may bring a civil action in any court of competent jurisdiction for such legal or equitable relief as will effectuate the purposes of this chapter: Provided, That the right of any person to bring such action shall terminate upon the commencement of an action by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to enforce the right of such employee under this chapter.
+
+(2) In an action brought under paragraph (1), a person shall be entitled to a trial by jury of any issue of fact in any such action for recovery of amounts owing as a result of a violation of this chapter, regardless of whether equitable relief is sought by any party in such action.
+
+(d) Filing of charge with Commission; timeliness; conciliation, conference, and persuasion; unlawful practice (1) No civil action may be commenced by an individual under this section until 60 days after a charge alleging unlawful discrimination has been filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Such a charge shall be filed—
+
+(A) within 180 days after the alleged unlawful practice occurred; or
+
+(B) in a case to which section 633(b) of this title applies, within 300 days after the alleged unlawful practice occurred, or within 30 days after receipt by the individual of notice of termination of proceedings under State law, whichever is earlier.
+
+(2) Upon receiving such a charge, the Commission shall promptly notify all persons named in such charge as prospective defendants in the action and shall promptly seek to eliminate any alleged unlawful practice by informal methods of conciliation, conference, and persuasion.
+
+(3) For purposes of this section, an unlawful practice occurs, with respect to discrimination in compensation in violation of this chapter, when a discriminatory compensation decision or other practice is adopted, when a person becomes subject to a discriminatory compensation decision or other practice, or when a person is affected by application of a discriminatory compensation decision or other practice, including each time wages, benefits, or other compensation is paid, resulting in whole or in part from such a decision or other practice.
+
+(e) Reliance on administrative rulings; notice of dismissal or termination; civil action after receipt of notice Section 259 of this title shall apply to actions under this chapter. If a charge filed with the Commission under this chapter is dismissed or the proceedings of the Commission are otherwise terminated by the Commission, the Commission shall notify the person aggrieved. A civil action may be brought under this section by a person defined in section 630(a) of this title against the respondent named in the charge within 90 days after the date of the receipt of such notice.
+
+(f) Waiver (1) An individual may not waive any right or claim under this chapter unless the waiver is knowing and voluntary. Except as provided in paragraph (2), a waiver may not be considered knowing and voluntary unless at a minimum—
+
+(A) the waiver is part of an agreement between the individual and the employer that is written in a manner calculated to be understood by such individual, or by the average individual eligible to participate;
+
+(B) the waiver specifically refers to rights or claims arising under this chapter;
+
+(C) the individual does not waive rights or claims that may arise after the date the waiver is executed;
+
+(D) the individual waives rights or claims only in exchange for consideration in addition to anything of value to which the individual already is entitled;
+
+(E) the individual is advised in writing to consult with an attorney prior to executing the agreement;
+
+(F) (i) the individual is given a period of at least 21 days within which to consider the agreement; or
+
+(ii) if a waiver is requested in connection with an exit incentive or other employment termination program offered to a group or class of employees, the individual is given a period of at least 45 days within which to consider the agreement;
+
+(G) the agreement provides that for a period of at least 7 days following the execution of such agreement, the individual may revoke the agreement, and the agreement shall not become effective or enforceable until the revocation period has expired;
+
+(H) if a waiver is requested in connection with an exit incentive or other employment termination program offered to a group or class of employees, the employer (at the commencement of the period specified in subparagraph (F)) informs the individual in writing in a manner calculated to be understood by the average individual eligible to participate, as to—
+
+(i) any class, unit, or group of individuals covered by such program, any eligibility factors for such program, and any time limits applicable to such program; and
+
+(ii) the job titles and ages of all individuals eligible or selected for the program, and the ages of all individuals in the same job classification or organizational unit who are not eligible or selected for the program.
+
+(2) A waiver in settlement of a charge filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, or an action filed in court by the individual or the individual’s representative, alleging age discrimination of a kind prohibited under section 623 or 633a of this title may not be considered knowing and voluntary unless at a minimum—
+
+(A) subparagraphs (A) through (E) of paragraph (1) have been met; and
+
+(B) the individual is given a reasonable period of time within which to consider the settlement agreement.
+
+(3) In any dispute that may arise over whether any of the requirements, conditions, and circumstances set forth in subparagraph (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G), or (H) of paragraph (1), or subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (2), have been met, the party asserting the validity of a waiver shall have the burden of proving in a court of competent jurisdiction that a waiver was knowing and voluntary pursuant to paragraph (1) or (2).
+
+(4) No waiver agreement may affect the Commission’s rights and responsibilities to enforce this chapter. No waiver may be used to justify interfering with the protected right of an employee to file a charge or participate in an investigation or proceeding conducted by the Commission.
+
+(Pub. L. 90–202, § 7, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 604; Pub. L. 95–256, § 4(a), (b)(1), (c)(1), Apr. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 190, 191; 1978 Reorg. Plan No. 1, § 2, eff. Jan. 1, 1979, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781; Pub. L. 101–433, title II, § 201, Oct. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 983; Pub. L. 102–166, title I, § 115, Nov. 21, 1991, 105 Stat. 1079; Pub. L. 111–2, § 4, Jan. 29, 2009, 123 Stat. 6.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2009—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 111–2, § 4(1)(B)–(3), inserted “(1)” before “No civil” and “(2)” before “Upon receiving” and added par. (3). Pub. L. 111–2, § 4(1)(A), which directed amendment of first sentence by redesignating pars. (1) and (2) as subpars. (A) and (B), respectively, was executed by making the redesignation in the second sentence to reflect the probable intent of Congress. 1991—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 102–166 struck out par. (1) designation, substituted “Section” for “Sections 255 and”, inserted at end “If a charge filed with the Commission under this chapter is dismissed or the proceedings of the Commission are otherwise terminated by the Commission, the Commission shall notify the person aggrieved. A civil action may be brought under this section by a person defined in section 630(a) of this title against the respondent named in the charge within 90 days after the date of the receipt of such notice.”, and struck out par. (2) which read as follows: “For the period during which the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is attempting to effect voluntary compliance with requirements of this chapter through informal methods of conciliation, conference, and persuasion pursuant to subsection (b), the statute of limitations as provided in section 255 of this title shall be tolled, but in no event for a period in excess of one year.” 1990—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 101–433 added subsec. (f). 1978—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 95–256, § 4(a), designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2). Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 95–256, § 4(b)(1), substituted references to the filing of a charge with the Secretary alleging unlawful discrimination for references to the filing with the Secretary of notice of intent to sue. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 95–256, § 4(c)(1), designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–2 effective as if enacted May 28, 2007, and applicable to certain claims of discrimination in compensation pending on or after that date, see section 6 of Pub. L. 111–2, set out as a note under section 2000e–5 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.
+
+Effective Date of 1991 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 102–166 effective Nov. 21, 1991, except as otherwise provided, see section 402 of Pub. L. 102–166, set out as a note under section 1981 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.
+
+Effective Date of 1990 AmendmentPub. L. 101–433, title II, § 202(a), Oct. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 984, provided that: “The amendment made by section 201 [amending this section] shall not apply with respect to waivers that occur before the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 16, 1990].”
+
+Effective Date of 1978 AmendmentPub. L. 95–256, § 4(b)(2), Apr. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 190, provided that: “The amendment made by paragraph (1) of this subsection [amending this section] shall take effect with respect to civil actions brought after the date of enactment of this Act [Apr. 6, 1978].” Pub. L. 95–256, § 4(c)(2), Apr. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 191, provided that: “The amendment made by paragraph (1) of this subsection [amending this section] shall take effect with respect to conciliations commenced by the Secretary of Labor after the date of enactment of this Act [Apr. 6, 1978].”
+
+Rule on WaiversPub. L. 101–433, title II, § 202(b), Oct. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 984, provided that: “Effective on the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 16, 1990], the rule on waivers issued by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and contained in section 1627.16(c) of title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, shall have no force and effect.”
+
+Age Discrimination Claims AssistancePub. L. 100–283, Apr. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 78, as amended by Pub. L. 101–504, § 2, Nov. 3, 1990, 104 Stat. 1298, provided extension period for filing civil actions under this section, such period consisting of 450 days beginning on Apr. 7, 1988, in cases where a charge was timely filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission after Dec. 31, 1983, and 450 days beginning on Nov. 3, 1990, in cases where a charge was timely filed after Apr. 6, 1985, but the Commission did not, within the applicable period set forth in subsec. (e) of this section either eliminate the alleged unlawful practice or notify the complainant, in writing, of the disposition of the charge and of right of such person to bring civil action on such claim; required the Commission to provide notice regarding claims for which extension period was applicable; and required the Commission to submit reports to Congress containing, among other things, information as to number of persons eligible for extension period and number of persons who were provided notice regarding claims for which extension period was provided.
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Transfer of Functions “Equal Employment Opportunity Commission” and “Commission” substituted for “Secretary”, meaning Secretary of Labor, pursuant to Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1978, § 2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, which transferred all functions vested by this section in Secretary of Labor to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–101 of Ex. Ord. No. 12106, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1053.

legal/us/code/title-29/chapter-14/section-627.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "29 U.S.C. § 627"
+description: "Notices to be posted"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 29
+title_name: "LABOR"
+chapter_number: "14"
+chapter_name: "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT"
+section: "627"
+citation: "29 U.S.C. § 627"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s627"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
+source_hash: "ccd480ea4f3cf5a654387ba30738dbe567799b1f07c1e9d9e6a9f1ffffcb2d32"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "123f65eaf0f6719b01d66f4a47cd03d5134b66fbd92ae96d7387b67454b98476"
+text_hash: "b051c42c3ac5083397f05734028c8c903132de62cbddccae2088b5d15fc2ed1e"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 29 U.S.C. § 627 - Notices to be posted
+
+## Text
+
+Every employer, employment agency, and labor organization shall post and keep posted in conspicuous places upon its premises a notice to be prepared or approved by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission setting forth information as the Commission deems appropriate to effectuate the purposes of this chapter.
+
+(Pub. L. 90–202, § 8, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 605; 1978 Reorg. Plan No. 1, § 2, eff. Jan. 1, 1979, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Transfer of Functions “Equal Employment Opportunity Commission” and “Commission” substituted in text for “Secretary”, meaning Secretary of Labor, pursuant to Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1978, § 2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, which transferred all functions vested by this section in Secretary of Labor to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–101 of Ex. Ord. No. 12106, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1053.

legal/us/code/title-29/chapter-14/section-628.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "29 U.S.C. § 628"
+description: "Rules and regulations; exemptions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 29
+title_name: "LABOR"
+chapter_number: "14"
+chapter_name: "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT"
+section: "628"
+citation: "29 U.S.C. § 628"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s628"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
+source_hash: "eee07c1f1628fc0ff96f03b603ce5db5636b477be5b08cf9bb677df8f96dcdae"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "123f65eaf0f6719b01d66f4a47cd03d5134b66fbd92ae96d7387b67454b98476"
+text_hash: "121ae1fd06b4822f2a3610b72e30bced99d9b36575fc4f87cbae56a0414039d8"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 29 U.S.C. § 628 - Rules and regulations; exemptions
+
+## Text
+
+In accordance with the provisions of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission may issue such rules and regulations as it may consider necessary or appropriate for carrying out this chapter, and may establish such reasonable exemptions to and from any or all provisions of this chapter as it may find necessary and proper in the public interest.
+
+(Pub. L. 90–202, § 9, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 605; 1978 Reorg. Plan No. 1, § 2, eff. Jan. 1, 1979, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Transfer of Functions “Equal Employment Opportunity Commission” and “it” substituted in text for “Secretary of Labor” and “he”, respectively, pursuant to Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1978, § 2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, which transferred all functions vested by this section in Secretary of Labor to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–101 of Ex. Ord. No. 12106, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1053.

legal/us/code/title-29/chapter-14/section-629.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "29 U.S.C. § 629"
+description: "Criminal penalties"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 29
+title_name: "LABOR"
+chapter_number: "14"
+chapter_name: "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT"
+section: "629"
+citation: "29 U.S.C. § 629"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s629"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
+source_hash: "a407ab6ab13611387ed2b3fa195fabfe099b9477b1da3f11b521d78800a2feb7"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "123f65eaf0f6719b01d66f4a47cd03d5134b66fbd92ae96d7387b67454b98476"
+text_hash: "e49221f053100950308c17004fd3ca3c8d735e65c805d695fd7290913e853e79"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 29 U.S.C. § 629 - Criminal penalties
+
+## Text
+
+Whoever shall forcibly resist, oppose, impede, intimidate or interfere with a duly authorized representative of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission while it is engaged in the performance of duties under this chapter shall be punished by a fine of not more than $500 or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or by both: Provided, however, That no person shall be imprisoned under this section except when there has been a prior conviction here­under.
+
+(Pub. L. 90–202, § 10, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 605; 1978 Reorg. Plan No. 1, § 2, eff. Jan. 1, 1979, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Transfer of Functions “Equal Employment Opportunity Commission” and “it” substituted in text for “Secretary”, meaning Secretary of Labor, and “he”, respectively, pursuant to Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1978, § 2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, which transferred all functions vested by this section in Secretary of Labor to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–101 of Ex. Ord. No. 12106, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1053.

legal/us/code/title-29/chapter-14/section-630.md

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "29 U.S.C. § 630"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 29
+title_name: "LABOR"
+chapter_number: "14"
+chapter_name: "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT"
+section: "630"
+citation: "29 U.S.C. § 630"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s630"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
+source_hash: "c6317444d2691c32922f030e13b04b2f12f2614c94ac6cfb8da298c6142bc493"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "123f65eaf0f6719b01d66f4a47cd03d5134b66fbd92ae96d7387b67454b98476"
+text_hash: "cb4f21c09c5eb329356567ab37fcdfcb532eb4748440dd0efe1aa6299fa2d25c"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 29 U.S.C. § 630 - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+For the purposes of this chapter—
+
+(a) The term “person” means one or more individuals, partnerships, associations, labor organizations, corporations, business trusts, legal representatives, or any organized groups of persons.
+
+(b) The term “employer” means a person engaged in an industry affecting commerce who has twenty or more employees for each working day in each of twenty or more calendar weeks in the current or preceding calendar year: Provided, That prior to June 30, 1968, employers having fewer than fifty employees shall not be considered employers. The term also means (1) any agent of such a person, and (2) a State or political subdivision of a State and any agency or instrumentality of a State or a political subdivision of a State, and any interstate agency, but such term does not include the United States, or a corporation wholly owned by the Government of the United States.
+
+(c) The term “employment agency” means any person regularly undertaking with or without compensation to procure employees for an employer and includes an agent of such a person; but shall not include an agency of the United States.
+
+(d) The term “labor organization” means a labor organization engaged in an industry affecting commerce, and any agent of such an organization, and includes any organization of any kind, any agency, or employee representation committee, group, association, or plan so engaged in which employees participate and which exists for the purpose, in whole or in part, of dealing with employers concerning grievances, labor disputes, wages, rates of pay, hours, or other terms or conditions of employment, and any conference, general committee, joint or system board, or joint council so engaged which is subordinate to a national or international labor organization.
+
+(e) A labor organization shall be deemed to be engaged in an industry affecting commerce if (1) it maintains or operates a hiring hall or hiring office which procures employees for an employer or procures for employees opportunities to work for an employer, or (2) the number of its members (or, where it is a labor organization composed of other labor organizations or their representatives, if the aggregate number of the members of such other labor organization) is fifty or more prior to July 1, 1968, or twenty-five or more on or after July 1, 1968, and such labor organization—
+
+(1) is the certified representative of employees under the provisions of the National Labor Relations Act, as amended [29 U.S.C. 151 et seq.], or the Railway Labor Act, as amended [45 U.S.C. 151 et seq.]; or
+
+(2) although not certified, is a national or international labor organization or a local labor organization recognized or acting as the representative of employees of an employer or employers engaged in an industry affecting commerce; or
+
+(3) has chartered a local labor organization or subsidiary body which is representing or actively seeking to represent employees of employers within the meaning of paragraph (1) or (2); or
+
+(4) has been chartered by a labor organization representing or actively seeking to represent employees within the meaning of paragraph (1) or (2) as the local or subordinate body through which such employees may enjoy membership or become affiliated with such labor organization; or
+
+(5) is a conference, general committee, joint or system board, or joint council subordinate to a national or international labor organization, which includes a labor organization engaged in an industry affecting commerce within the meaning of any of the preceding paragraphs of this subsection.
+
+(f) The term “employee” means an individual employed by any employer except that the term “employee” shall not include any person elected to public office in any State or political subdivision of any State by the qualified voters thereof, or any person chosen by such officer to be on such officer’s personal staff, or an appointee on the policymaking level or an immediate adviser with respect to the exercise of the constitutional or legal powers of the office. The exemption set forth in the preceding sentence shall not include employees subject to the civil service laws of a State government, governmental agency, or political subdivision. The term “employee” includes any individual who is a citizen of the United States employed by an employer in a workplace in a foreign country.
+
+(g) The term “commerce” means trade, traffic, commerce, transportation, transmission, or communication among the several States; or between a State and any place outside thereof; or within the District of Columbia, or a possession of the United States; or between points in the same State but through a point outside thereof.
+
+(h) The term “industry affecting commerce” means any activity, business, or industry in commerce or in which a labor dispute would hinder or obstruct commerce or the free flow of commerce and includes any activity or industry “affecting commerce” within the meaning of the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959 [29 U.S.C. 401 et seq.].
+
+(i) The term “State” includes a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Guam, Wake Island, the Canal Zone, and Outer Continental Shelf lands defined in the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act [43 U.S.C. 1331 et seq.].
+
+(j) The term “firefighter” means an employee, the duties of whose position are primarily to perform work directly connected with the control and extinguishment of fires or the maintenance and use of firefighting apparatus and equipment, including an employee engaged in this activity who is transferred to a supervisory or administrative position.
+
+(k) The term “law enforcement officer” means an employee, the duties of whose position are primarily the investigation, apprehension, or detention of individuals suspected or convicted of offenses against the criminal laws of a State, including an employee engaged in this activity who is transferred to a supervisory or administrative position. For the purpose of this subsection, “detention” includes the duties of employees assigned to guard individuals incarcerated in any penal institution.
+
+(l) The term “compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment” encompasses all employee benefits, including such benefits provided pursuant to a bona fide employee benefit plan.
+
+(Pub. L. 90–202, § 11, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 605; Pub. L. 93–259, § 28(a)(1)–(4), Apr. 8, 1974, 88 Stat. 74; Pub. L. 98–459, title VIII, § 802(a), Oct. 9, 1984, 98 Stat. 1792; Pub. L. 99–592, § 4, Oct. 31, 1986, 100 Stat. 3343; Pub. L. 101–433, title I, § 102, Oct. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 978.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe National Labor Relations Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(1), is act July 5, 1935, ch. 372, 49 Stat. 452, which is classified generally to subchapter II (§ 151 et seq.) of chapter 7 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 167 of this title and Tables. The Railway Labor Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(1), is act May 20, 1926, ch. 347, 44 Stat. 577, which is classified principally to chapter 8 (§ 151 et seq.) of Title 45, Railroads. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 151 of Title 45 and Tables. The Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959, referred to in subsec. (h), is Pub. L. 86–257, Sept. 14, 1959, 73 Stat. 519, which is classified principally to chapter 11 (§ 401 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 401 of this title, and Tables. For definition of Canal Zone, referred to in subsec. (i), see section 3602(b) of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse. The Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, referred to in subsec. (i), is act Aug. 7, 1953, ch. 345, 67 Stat. 462, which is classified generally to subchapter III (§ 1331 et seq.) of chapter 29 of Title 43, Public Lands. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1301 of Title 43 and Tables.
+
+Amendments1990—Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 101–433 added subsec. (l). 1986—Subsecs. (j), (k). Pub. L. 99–592 added subsecs. (j) and (k). 1984—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 98–459 inserted provision defining “employee” as including any individual who is a citizen of the United States employed by an employer in a workplace in a foreign country. 1974—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 93–259, § 28(a)(1), (2), substituted in first sentence “twenty” for “twenty-five” and, in second sentence, defined term “employer” to include a State or political subdivision of a State and any agency or instrumentality of a State or a political subdivision of a State, and any interstate agency, and deleted text excluding from such term a State or political subdivision thereof. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 93–259, § 28(a)(3), struck out text excluding from term “employment agency” an agency of a State or political subdivision of a State, but including the United States Employment Service and the system of State and local employment services receiving Federal assistance. Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 93–259, § 28(a)(4), excepted from the term “employee” elected public officials, persons chosen by such officials for such officials’ personal staff, appointees on policymaking level, and immediate advisers with respect to exercise of constitutional or legal powers of the public office but excluded from such exemption employees subject to civil laws of a State government, governmental agency, or political subdivision.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1990 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 101–433 applicable only to any employee benefit established or modified on or after Oct. 16, 1990, and other conduct occurring more than 180 days after Oct. 16, 1990, except as otherwise provided, see section 105 of Pub. L. 101–433, set out as a note under section 623 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1986 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 99–592 effective Jan. 1, 1987, with certain exceptions, but not applicable with respect to any cause of action arising under this chapter as in effect before Jan. 1, 1987, see section 7 of Pub. L. 99–592, set out as an Effective and Termination Dates of 1986 Amendment note under section 623 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1984 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 98–459 effective Oct. 9, 1984, see section 803(a) of Pub. L. 98–459, set out as a note under section 3001 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.
+
+Effective Date of 1974 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 93–259 effective May 1, 1974, see section 29(a) of Pub. L. 93–259, set out as a note under section 202 of this title.
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Transfer of Functions Functions vested by this section in Secretary of Labor or Civil Service Commission transferred to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1978, § 2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–101 of Ex. Ord. No. 12106, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1053.

legal/us/code/title-29/chapter-14/section-631.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "29 U.S.C. § 631"
+description: "Age limits"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 29
+title_name: "LABOR"
+chapter_number: "14"
+chapter_name: "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT"
+section: "631"
+citation: "29 U.S.C. § 631"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s631"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
+source_hash: "4c5d6a3d307e537b595cb3f51209747d3d7967d78efe6fe19dd4a3b6f9e87df7"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "123f65eaf0f6719b01d66f4a47cd03d5134b66fbd92ae96d7387b67454b98476"
+text_hash: "f522b884e7c1378a2a1be4851e7bf9c307f6db809f77aac75f94fa8e9fff2ad2"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 29 U.S.C. § 631 - Age limits
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Individuals at least 40 years of age The prohibitions in this chapter shall be limited to individuals who are at least 40 years of age.
+
+(b) Employees or applicants for employment in Federal Government In the case of any personnel action affecting employees or applicants for employment which is subject to the provisions of section 633a of this title, the prohibitions established in section 633a of this title shall be limited to individuals who are at least 40 years of age.
+
+(c) Bona fide executives or high policymakers (1) Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to prohibit compulsory retirement of any employee who has attained 65 years of age and who, for the 2-year period immediately before retirement, is employed in a bona fide executive or a high policymaking position, if such employee is entitled to an immediate nonforfeitable annual retirement benefit from a pension, profit-sharing, savings, or deferred compensation plan, or any combination of such plans, of the employer of such employee, which equals, in the aggregate, at least $44,000.
+
+(2) In applying the retirement benefit test of paragraph (1) of this subsection, if any such retirement benefit is in a form other than a straight life annuity (with no ancillary benefits), or if employees contribute to any such plan or make rollover contributions, such benefit shall be adjusted in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, after consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, so that the benefit is the equivalent of a straight life annuity (with no ancillary benefits) under a plan to which employees do not contribute and under which no rollover contributions are made.
+
+(Pub. L. 90–202, § 12, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 607; Pub. L. 95–256, § 3(a), (b)(3), Apr. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 189, 190; 1978 Reorg. Plan No. 1, § 2, eff. Jan. 1, 1979, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781; Pub. L. 98–459, title VIII, § 802(c)(1), Oct. 9, 1984, 98 Stat. 1792; Pub. L. 99–272, title IX, § 9201(b)(2), Apr. 7, 1986, 100 Stat. 171; Pub. L. 99–592, §§ 2(c), 6(a), Oct. 31, 1986, 100 Stat. 3342, 3344; Pub. L. 101–239, title VI, § 6202(b)(3)(C)(ii), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2233.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1989—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–239 struck out “(except the provisions of section 623(g) of this title)” after “in this chapter”. 1986—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–592, § 2(c)(1), which directed that “but less than seventy years of age” be struck out was executed by striking out “but less than 70 years of age” after “40 years of age” as the probable intent of Congress. Pub. L. 99–272 inserted “(except the provisions of section 623(g) of this title)” after “this chapter”. Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 99–592, § 2(c)(2), which directed that “but not seventy years of age,” be struck out was executed by striking out “but not 70 years of age,” after “65 years of age” as the probable intent of Congress. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 99–592, § 6(a), (b), temporarily added subsec. (d) which read as follows: “Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to prohibit compulsory retirement of any employee who has attained 70 years of age, and who is serving under a contract of unlimited tenure (or similar arrangement providing for unlimited tenure) at an institution of higher education (as defined by section 1141(a) of title 20).” See Effective and Termination Dates of 1986 Amendments note below. 1984—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 98–459 substituted “$44,000” for “$27,000”. 1978—Pub. L. 95–256, § 3(a), designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), substituted “40 years of age but less than 70 years of age” for “forty years of age but less than sixty-five years of age”, added subsecs. (b) and (c), and temporarily added subsec. (d). See Effective and Termination Dates of 1978 Amendment note below.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1989 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 101–239 applicable to items and services furnished after Dec. 19, 1989, see section 6202(b)(5) of Pub. L. 101–239, set out as a note under section 162 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.
+
+Effective and Termination Dates of 1986 AmendmentsAmendment by Pub. L. 99–592 effective Jan. 1, 1987, with certain exceptions, see section 7(a) of Pub. L. 99–592 set out as a note under section 623 of this title. Pub. L. 99–592, § 6(b), Oct. 31, 1986, 100 Stat. 3344, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) of this section [amending this section] is repealed December 31, 1993.” Amendment by Pub. L. 99–272 effective May 1, 1986, see section 9201(d)(2) of Pub. L. 99–272, set out as an Effective Date of 1986 Amendment note under section 1395p of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.
+
+Effective Date of 1984 AmendmentPub. L. 98–459, title VIII, § 802(c)(2), Oct. 9, 1984, 98 Stat. 1792, provided that: “The amendment made by paragraph (1) of this subsection [amending this section] shall not apply with respect to any individual who retires, or is compelled to retire, before the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 9, 1984].”
+
+Effective and Termination Dates of 1978 AmendmentPub. L. 95–256, § 3(b), Apr. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 190, provided that: “(1) Sections 12(a), 12(c), and 12(d) of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended by subsection (a) of this section [subsecs. (a), (c), and (d) of this section] shall take effect on January 1, 1979. “(2) Section 12(b) of such Act, as amended by subsection (a) of this section [subsec. (b) of this section], shall take effect on September 30, 1978. “(3) Section 12(d) of such Act, as amended by subsection (a) of this section [enacting subsec. (d) of this section], is repealed on July 1, 1982.”
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Transfer of Functions “Equal Employment Opportunity Commission” substituted for “Secretary”, meaning Secretary of Labor, in subsec. (c)(2) pursuant to Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1978, § 2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, which transferred all functions vested by this section in Secretary of Labor to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–101 of Ex. Ord. No. 12106, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1053.

legal/us/code/title-29/chapter-14/section-632.md

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "29 U.S.C. § 632"
+description: "Omitted"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 29
+title_name: "LABOR"
+chapter_number: "14"
+chapter_name: "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT"
+section: "632"
+citation: "29 U.S.C. § 632"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s632"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
+source_hash: "4ff20efa4e9a5c2e8b0add5092342feae28907a163f473b66388f433f778d0e2"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "123f65eaf0f6719b01d66f4a47cd03d5134b66fbd92ae96d7387b67454b98476"
+text_hash: "f1f68c4646832c482eff0d533efdbe2c375f2dd51861a9293de55665896139e0"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 29 U.S.C. § 632 - Omitted
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section, Pub. L. 90–202, § 13, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 607; 1978 Reorg. Plan No. 1, § 2, eff. Jan. 1, 1979, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, which required the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to submit to Congress an annual report on the Commission’s activities including an evaluation and appraisal of the effect of the minimum and maximum ages established by this chapter, terminated, effective May 15, 2000, pursuant to section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance. See, also, page 123 of House Document No. 103–7.

legal/us/code/title-29/chapter-14/section-633.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "29 U.S.C. § 633"
+description: "Federal-State relationship"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 29
+title_name: "LABOR"
+chapter_number: "14"
+chapter_name: "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT"
+section: "633"
+citation: "29 U.S.C. § 633"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s633"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
+source_hash: "04a8cce0b91fe835071a94e4d2b11a155db4af62e7e56bcfd3888babd92a0e2a"
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+text_hash: "cdbef5dae06b9ee1f9c04d341c6bc04397d7a3a74ac5f6f9d64c42afc609533b"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 29 U.S.C. § 633 - Federal-State relationship
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Federal action superseding State action Nothing in this chapter shall affect the jurisdiction of any agency of any State performing like functions with regard to discriminatory employment practices on account of age except that upon commencement of action under this chapter such action shall supersede any State action.
+
+(b) Limitation of Federal action upon commencement of State proceedings In the case of an alleged unlawful practice occurring in a State which has a law prohibiting discrimination in employment because of age and establishing or authorizing a State authority to grant or seek relief from such discriminatory practice, no suit may be brought under section 626 of this title before the expiration of sixty days after proceedings have been commenced under the State law, unless such proceedings have been earlier terminated: Provided, That such sixty-day period shall be extended to one hundred and twenty days during the first year after the effective date of such State law. If any requirement for the commencement of such proceedings is imposed by a State authority other than a requirement of the filing of a written and signed statement of the facts upon which the proceeding is based, the proceeding shall be deemed to have been commenced for the purposes of this subsection at the time such statement is sent by registered mail to the appropriate State authority.
+
+(Pub. L. 90–202, § 14, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 607.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Transfer of Functions Functions vested by this section in Secretary of Labor or Civil Service Commission transferred to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1978, § 2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–101 of Ex. Ord. No. 12106, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1053.

legal/us/code/title-29/chapter-14/section-633a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "29 U.S.C. § 633a"
+description: "Nondiscrimination on account of age in Federal Government employment"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 29
+title_name: "LABOR"
+chapter_number: "14"
+chapter_name: "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT"
+section: "633a"
+citation: "29 U.S.C. § 633a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s633a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
+source_hash: "906003ebcded9d6b145e4018218d8f52884b1e74f62478d904e0586bb5bdab24"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 29 U.S.C. § 633a - Nondiscrimination on account of age in Federal Government employment
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Federal agencies affected All personnel actions affecting employees or applicants for employment who are at least 40 years of age (except personnel actions with regard to aliens employed outside the limits of the United States) in military departments as defined in section 102 of title 5, in executive agencies as defined in section 105 of title 5 (including employees and applicants for employment who are paid from nonappropriated funds), in the United States Postal Service and the Postal Regulatory Commission, in those units in the government of the District of Columbia having positions in the competitive service, and in those units of the judicial branch of the Federal Government having positions in the competitive service, in the Smithsonian Institution, and in the Government Publishing Office, the Government Accountability Office, and the Library of Congress shall be made free from any discrimination based on age.
+
+(b) Enforcement by Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and by Librarian of Congress in the Library of Congress; remedies; rules, regulations, orders, and instructions of Commission: compliance by Federal agencies; powers and duties of Commission; notification of final action on complaint of discrimination; exemptions: bona fide occupational qualification Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is authorized to enforce the provisions of subsection (a) through appropriate remedies, including reinstatement or hiring of employees with or without backpay, as will effectuate the policies of this section. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission shall issue such rules, regulations, orders, and instructions as it deems necessary and appropriate to carry out its responsibilities under this section. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission shall—
+
+(1) be responsible for the review and evaluation of the operation of all agency programs designed to carry out the policy of this section, periodically obtaining and publishing (on at least a semiannual basis) progress reports from each department, agency, or unit referred to in subsection (a);
+
+(2) consult with and solicit the recommendations of interested individuals, groups, and organizations relating to nondiscrimination in employment on account of age; and
+
+(3) provide for the acceptance and processing of complaints of discrimination in Federal employment on account of age.
+
+The head of each such department, agency, or unit shall comply with such rules, regulations, orders, and instructions of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission which shall include a provision that an employee or applicant for employment shall be notified of any final action taken on any complaint of discrimination filed by him thereunder. Reasonable exemptions to the provisions of this section may be established by the Commission but only when the Commission has established a maximum age requirement on the basis of a determination that age is a bona fide occupational qualification necessary to the performance of the duties of the position. With respect to employment in the Library of Congress, authorities granted in this subsection to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission shall be exercised by the Librarian of Congress.
+
+(c) Civil actions; jurisdiction; relief Any person aggrieved may bring a civil action in any Federal district court of competent jurisdiction for such legal or equitable relief as will effectuate the purposes of this chapter.
+
+(d) Notice to Commission; time of notice; Commission notification of prospective defendants; Commission elimination of unlawful practices When the individual has not filed a complaint concerning age discrimination with the Commission, no civil action may be commenced by any individual under this section until the individual has given the Commission not less than thirty days’ notice of an intent to file such action. Such notice shall be filed within one hundred and eighty days after the alleged unlawful practice occurred. Upon receiving a notice of intent to sue, the Commission shall promptly notify all persons named therein as prospective defendants in the action and take any appropriate action to assure the elimination of any unlawful practice.
+
+(e) Duty of Government agency or official Nothing contained in this section shall relieve any Government agency or official of the responsibility to assure nondiscrimination on account of age in employment as required under any provision of Federal law.
+
+(f) Applicability of statutory provisions to personnel action of Federal departments, etc. Any personnel action of any department, agency, or other entity referred to in subsection (a) of this section shall not be subject to, or affected by, any provision of this chapter, other than the provisions of sections 626(d)(3) and 631(b) of this title and the provisions of this section.
+
+(g) Study and report to President and Congress by Equal Employment Opportunity Commission; scope (1) The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission shall undertake a study relating to the effects of the amendments made to this section by the Age Discrimination in Employment Act Amendments of 1978, and the effects of section 631(b) of this title.
+
+(2) The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission shall transmit a report to the President and to the Congress containing the findings of the Commission resulting from the study of the Commission under paragraph (1) of this subsection. Such report shall be transmitted no later than January 1, 1980.
+
+(Pub. L. 90–202, § 15, as added Pub. L. 93–259, § 28(b)(2), Apr. 8, 1974, 88 Stat. 74; amended Pub. L. 95–256, § 5(a), (e), Apr. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 191; 1978 Reorg. Plan No. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1979, § 2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781; Pub. L. 104–1, title II, § 201(c)(2), Jan. 23, 1995, 109 Stat. 8; Pub. L. 105–220, title III, § 341(b), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1092; Pub. L. 108–271, § 8(b), July 7, 2004, 118 Stat. 814; Pub. L. 109–435, title VI, § 604(f), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3242; Pub. L. 111–2, § 5(c)(3), Jan. 29, 2009, 123 Stat. 7; Pub. L. 113–235, div. H, title I, § 1301(b), Dec. 16, 2014, 128 Stat. 2537.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe amendments made to this section by the Age Discrimination in Employment Act Amendments of 1978, referred to in subsec. (g)(1), are amendments by section 5(a) and (e) of Pub. L. 95–256, which amended subsecs. (a), (f), and (g) of this section.
+
+Amendments2009—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 111–2 substituted “of sections 626(d)(3) and” for “of section”. 2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–435 substituted “Postal Regulatory Commission” for “Postal Rate Commission”. 2004—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–271 substituted “Government Accountability Office” for “General Accounting Office”. 1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–220 inserted “in the Smithsonian Institution,” before “and in the Government Printing Office”. 1995—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–1 substituted “units of the judicial branch” for “units of the legislative and judicial branches” and inserted “Government Printing Office, the General Accounting Office, and the” before “Library of Congress”. 1978—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95–256, § 5(a), inserted age requirement of at least 40 years of age, and “personnel actions” after “except”. Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 95–256, § 5(e), added subsecs. (f) and (g).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Change of Name “Government Publishing Office” substituted for “Government Printing Office” in subsec. (a) on authority of section 1301(b) of Pub. L. 113–235, set out as a note preceding section 301 of Title 44, Public Printing and Documents.
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 111–2 effective as if enacted May 28, 2007, and applicable to certain claims of discrimination in compensation pending on or after that date, see section 6 of Pub. L. 111–2, set out as a note under section 2000e–5 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.
+
+Effective Date of 1998 AmendmentPub. L. 105–220, title III, § 341(d), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1092, which provided that amendments made by subsections (a), (b), and (c) (amending this section, section 791 of this title, and section 2000e–16 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare) would take effect on Aug. 7, 1998, and would be applicable to and may be raised in any administrative or judicial claim or action brought before Aug. 7, 1998, but pending on such date, and any administrative or judicial claim or action brought after Aug. 7, 1998, regardless of whether the claim or action arose prior to such date, if the claim or action was brought within the applicable statute of limitations, was repealed by Pub. L. 113–128, title V, § 511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1705.
+
+Effective Date of 1995 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 104–1 effective 1 year after Jan. 23, 1995, see section 1311(e) of Title 2, The Congress.
+
+Effective Date of 1978 AmendmentPub. L. 95–256, § 5(f), Apr. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 192, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 8335 and 8339 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and repealing section 3322 of Title 5] shall take effect on September 30, 1978, except that section 15(g) of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended by subsection (e) of this section [subsec. (g) of this section], shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [Apr. 6, 1978].”
+
+Effective DateSection effective May 1, 1974, see section 29(a) of Pub. L. 93–259, set out as an Effective Date of 1974 Amendment note under section 202 of this title.
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Transfer of Functions “Equal Employment Opportunity Commission” substituted for “Civil Service Commission” in subsecs. (b) and (g) pursuant to Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1978, § 2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, which transferred all functions vested by this section in Civil Service Commission to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–101 of Ex. Ord. No. 12106, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1053.

legal/us/code/title-29/chapter-14/section-634.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "29 U.S.C. § 634"
+description: "Authorization of appropriations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 29
+title_name: "LABOR"
+chapter_number: "14"
+chapter_name: "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT"
+section: "634"
+citation: "29 U.S.C. § 634"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s634"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
+source_hash: "06c7074afafb2baa387a5c3c7d5575b7d8e577522f9a74d75ad8b96c90249c0d"
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+text_hash: "e11687876530c3c98547ac5038fc9fd972ff83d2107c74e1e4b59956c603ccef"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 29 U.S.C. § 634 - Authorization of appropriations
+
+## Text
+
+There are hereby authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this chapter.
+
+(Pub. L. 90–202, § 17, formerly § 16, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 608; renumbered and amended Pub. L. 93–259, § 28(a)(5), (b)(1), Apr. 8, 1974, 88 Stat. 74; Pub. L. 95–256, § 7, Apr. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 193.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1978—Pub. L. 95–256 struck out “, not in excess of $5,000,000 for any fiscal year,” after “sums”. 1974—Pub. L. 93–259, § 28(a)(5), increased appropriations authorization to $5,000,000 from $3,000,000.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1974 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 93–259 effective May 1, 1974, see section 29(a) of Pub. L. 93–259, set out as a note under section 202 of this title.
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Transfer of Functions Functions relating to age discrimination administration and enforcement vested by this section in Secretary of Labor or Civil Service Commission transferred to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1978, § 2, 43 F.R. 19807, 92 Stat. 3781, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–101 of Ex. Ord. No. 12106, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1053.