Legal corpus: the complete U.S. Code (59,740 sections, all 53 titles)

Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 10:51:44 -04:00
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+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1101"
+description: "Congressional declaration of policy and objectives"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1101"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1101"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1101"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "b85e57c8ff855755c6ef32e3d8b90656ddb3c7fdccec4fdc2b9231e38bf42b41"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1101 - Congressional declaration of policy and objectives
+
+## Text
+
+(a) It is hereby declared to be the policy of the United States to develop, encourage, and maintain a coordinated, comprehensive, and long-range national program in marine science for the benefit of mankind to assist in protection of health and property, enhancement of commerce, transportation, and national security, rehabilitation of our commercial fisheries, and increased utilization of these and other resources.
+
+(b) The marine science activities of the United States should be conducted so as to contribute to the following objectives:
+
+(1) The accelerated development of the resources of the marine environment.
+
+(2) The expansion of human knowledge of the marine environment.
+
+(3) The encouragement of private investment enterprise in exploration, technological development, marine commerce, and economic utilization of the resources of the marine environment.
+
+(4) The preservation of the role of the United States as a leader in marine science and resource development.
+
+(5) The advancement of education and training in marine science.
+
+(6) The development and improvement of the capabilities, performance, use, and efficiency of vehicles, equipment, and instruments for use in exploration, research, surveys, the recovery of resources, and the transmission of energy in the marine environment.
+
+(7) The effective utilization of the scientific and engineering resources of the Nation, with close cooperation among all interested agencies, public and private, in order to avoid unnecessary duplication of effort, facilities, and equipment, or waste.
+
+(8) The cooperation by the United States with other nations and groups of nations and international organizations in marine science activities when such cooperation is in the national interest.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–454, title I, § 2, June 17, 1966, 80 Stat. 203.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Short Title of 2021 AmendmentPub. L. 116–289, § 1, Jan. 5, 2021, 134 Stat. 4886, provided that: “This Act [enacting subchapter III of this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Young Fishermen’s Development Act’.”
+
+Short TitleSection 1 of title I of Pub. L. 89–454, as renumbered and amended by Pub. L. 89–688, § 2(a), Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 1001, provided that: “This title [enacting this subchapter] may be cited as the ‘Marine Resources and Engineering Development Act of 1966’.”
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1102"
+description: "Omitted"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1102"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1102"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1102"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "92c4a448b1f25cc87ff8ca442f10a04a1a27af3e36e992c949f660ec9e76ac8a"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1102 - Omitted
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section, Pub. L. 89–454, title I, § 3, June 17, 1966, 80 Stat. 204; Pub. L. 89–670, § 8(j), Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 943; Pub. L. 90–242, § 2, Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 780; Pub. L. 91–15, § 1, May 23, 1969, 83 Stat. 10; Pub. L. 91–414, Sept. 25, 1970, 84 Stat. 865, established the National Council on Marine Resources and Engineering Development. The provisions of this chapter with respect to the Council expired on June 30, 1971, and the Council terminated on Apr. 30, 1971, for lack of funds.
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1103"
+description: "Executive responsibilities; utilization of staff, interagency, and non-Government advisory arrangements; consultation with agencies; solicitation of views of non-Federal agencies"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1103"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1103"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1103"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "435518e6b5cff4765e060c7eb03647f4cce2bda4dffab342f00fc90ada54d35e"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1103 - Executive responsibilities; utilization of staff, interagency, and non-Government advisory arrangements; consultation with agencies; solicitation of views of non-Federal agencies
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In conformity with the provisions of section 1101 of this title, it shall be the duty of the President with the advice and assistance of the Council to—
+
+(1) survey all significant marine science activities, including the policies, plans, programs, and accomplishments of all departments and agencies of the United States engaged in such activities;
+
+(2) develop a comprehensive program of marine science activities, including, but not limited to, exploration, description and prediction of the marine environment, exploitation and conservation of the resources of the marine environment, marine engineering, studies of air-sea interaction, transmission of energy, and communications, to be conducted by departments and agencies of the United States, independently or in cooperation with such non-Federal organizations as States, institutions and industry;
+
+(3) designate and fix responsibility for the conduct of the foregoing marine science activities by departments and agencies of the United States;
+
+(4) insure cooperation and resolve differences arising among departments and agencies of the United States with respect to marine science activities under this subchapter, including differences as to whether a particular project is a marine science activity;
+
+(5) undertake a comprehensive study, by contract or otherwise, of the legal problems arising out of the management, use, development, recovery, and control of the resources of the marine environment;
+
+(6) establish long-range studies of the potential benefits to the United States economy, security, health, and welfare to be gained from marine resources, engineering, and science, and the costs involved in obtaining such benefits; and
+
+(7) review annually all marine science activities conducted by departments and agencies of the United States in light of the policies, plans, programs, and priorities developed pursuant to this Act.
+
+(b) In the planning and conduct of a coordinated Federal program the President and the Council shall utilize such staff, interagency, and non-Government advisory arrangements as they may find necessary and appropriate and shall consult with departments and agencies concerned with marine science activities and solicit the views of non-Federal organizations and individuals with capabilities in marine sciences.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–454, title I, § 4, June 17, 1966, 80 Stat. 205; Pub. L. 89–688, § 2(b), Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 1001.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThis Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(7), is Pub. L. 89–454, June 17, 1966, 80 Stat. 203, which, at the time this section was enacted, consisted only of sections 1 to 9, which are classified generally to this subchapter. Pub. L. 89–688, § 2, Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 1001, redesignated the Act as title I and made conforming amendments, substituting references to title I for previous references to the Act as a whole, but not in subsec. (a)(7) of this section. Pub. L. 89–454 was amended by Pub. L. 89–688 by adding title II, which is classified generally to subchapter II of this chapter, and later by Pub. L. 92–583 by adding title III, which is classified generally to chapter 33 (§ 1451 et seq.) of Title 16, Conservation. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
+
+Amendments1966—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 89–688, in par. (4), substituted “this title” for “this Act”, which, for purposes of codification has been changed to “this subchapter”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Termination of CouncilNational Council on Marine Resources and Engineering, established under section 1102 of this title, terminated Apr. 30, 1971, for lack of funds. See Codification note set out under section 1102 of this title.
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1106"
+description: "Reports to Congress"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1106"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1106"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1106"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
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+text_hash: "468e90c8d1987a1d8145c81d86b072eba628c51439049cb837c9a7688162fac5"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1106 - Reports to Congress
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The President shall transmit to the Congress biennially in January a report, which shall include (1) a comprehensive description of the activities and the accomplishments of all agencies and departments of the United States in the field of marine science during the preceding fiscal year, and (2) an evaluation of such activities and accomplishments in terms of the objectives set forth pursuant to this Act.
+
+(b) Reports made under this section shall contain such recommendations for legislation as the President may consider necessary or desirable for the attainment of the objectives of this Act, and shall contain an estimate of funding requirements of each agency and department of the United States for marine science activities during the succeeding fiscal year.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–454, title I, § 7, June 17, 1966, 80 Stat. 207; Pub. L. 99–386, title II, § 203(a), Aug. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 823.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThis Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 89–454, June 17, 1966, 80 Stat. 203, which, at the time this section was enacted, consisted only of sections 1 to 9, which are classified generally to this subchapter. Pub. L. 89–688, § 2, Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 1001, redesignated the Act as title I and made conforming amendments, substituting references to title I for previous references to the Act as a whole, but not in this section. Pub. L. 89–454 was amended by Pub. L. 89–688 by adding title II, which is classified generally to subchapter II of this chapter, and later by Pub. L. 92–583 by adding title III, which is classified generally to chapter 33 (§ 1451 et seq.) of Title 16, Conservation. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
+
+Amendments1986—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–386 substituted “biennially in January” for “in January of each year”.
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1107"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1107"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1107"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1107"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "84ad8c25965711bf4ab1da3ead23c6eb3365f19d2606e700289ba3b45c278344"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1107 - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+For the purposes of this subchapter, the term “marine science” shall be deemed to apply to oceanographic and scientific endeavors and disciplines, and engineering and technology in and with relation to the marine environment; and the term “marine environment” shall be deemed to include (a) the oceans, (b) the Continental Shelf of the United States, (c) the Great Lakes, (d) seabed and subsoil of the submarine areas adjacent to the coasts of the United States to the depth of two hundred meters, or beyond that limit, to where the depths of the superjacent waters admit of the exploitation of the natural resources of such areas, (e) the seabed and subsoil of similar submarine areas adjacent to the coasts of islands which comprise United States territory, and (f) the resources thereof.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–454, title I, § 8, June 17, 1966, 80 Stat. 208; Pub. L. 89–688, § 2(b), Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 1001.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1966—Pub. L. 89–688 substituted “this title” for “this Act”, which, for purposes of codification, has been changed to “this subchapter”.
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1108"
+description: "Authorization of appropriations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1108"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1108"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1108"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "84ab5be046aa4315c25ff3ebbe95873ecc20d8cc36a99ae0155b1e5efe70446d"
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+text_hash: "85eefcb643423a9eb816a0d1ddd749bdc1813a1ef8943fc5051008358d962603"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1108 - Authorization of appropriations
+
+## Text
+
+There are hereby authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this subchapter, but sums appropriated for any one fiscal year shall not exceed $1,200,000.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–454, title I, § 9, June 17, 1966, 80 Stat. 208; Pub. L. 89–688, § 2(b), Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 1001; Pub. L. 91–15, § 2, May 23, 1969, 83 Stat. 10.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1969—Pub. L. 91–15 substituted “$1,200,000” for “$1,500,000”. 1966—Pub. L. 89–688 substituted “this title” for “this Act”, which, for purposes of codification, has been changed to “this subchapter”.
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1121"
+description: "Congressional declaration of policy"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1121"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1121"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1121"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "a6b0e50bfbb020b7badf64b9afa0f94e46c3dd3664c99c1a657d385ec8b06287"
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+text_hash: "52698801400c9160bdbde630aec4a4fa04920c8c5db223ad50a4d563ebbc8f92"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1121 - Congressional declaration of policy
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Findings The Congress finds and declares the following:
+
+(1) The national interest requires a strategy to—
+
+(A) provide for the understanding and wise use of ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources and the environment;
+
+(B) foster economic competitiveness;
+
+(C) promote public stewardship and wise economic development of the coastal ocean and its margins, the Great Lakes, and the exclusive economic zone;
+
+(D) encourage the development of preparation, forecast, analysis, mitigation, response, and recovery systems for coastal hazards;
+
+(E) understand global environmental processes and their impacts on ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources; and
+
+(F) promote domestic and international cooperative solutions to ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes issues.
+
+(2) Investment in a strong program of integrated research, education, extension, training, technology transfer, and public service is essential for this strategy.
+
+(3) The expanding use and development of ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources resulting from growing coastal area populations and the increasing pressures on the coastal and Great Lakes environment challenge the ability of the United States to manage such resources wisely.
+
+(4) The vitality of the Nation and the quality of life of its citizens depend increasingly on the understanding, assessment, development, management, utilization, and conservation of ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources. These resources supply food, energy, and minerals and contribute to human health, the quality of the environment, national security, and the enhancement of commerce.
+
+(5) The understanding, assessment, development, management, utilization, and conservation of such resources require a broad commitment and an intense involvement on the part of the Federal Government in continuing partnership with State and local governments, private industry, universities, organizations, and individuals concerned with or affected by ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources.
+
+(6) The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, through the national sea grant college program, offers the most suitable locus and means for such commitment and engagement through the promotion of activities that will result in greater such understanding, assessment, development, management, management,11 So in original. utilization, and conservation of ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources. The most cost-effective way to promote such activities is through continued and increased Federal support of the establishment, development, management, and operation of programs and projects by sea grant colleges, sea grant institutes, and other institutions, including strong collaborations between Administration scientists and research and outreach personnel at academic institutions.
+
+(b) Objective The objective of this subchapter is to increase the understanding, assessment, development, management, utilization, and conservation of the Nation’s ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources by providing assistance to promote a strong educational base, responsive research and training activities, broad and prompt dissemination of knowledge and techniques, and multidisciplinary approaches to environmental problems.
+
+(c) Purpose It is the purpose of the Congress to achieve the objective of this subchapter by extending and strengthening the national sea grant program, initially established in 1966, to promote integrated research, education, training, and extension services and activities in fields related to ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–454, title II, § 202, as added Pub. L. 89–688, § 1, Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 998; amended Pub. L. 94–461, § 2, Oct. 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 1961; Pub. L. 95–428, § 2(b), Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 999; Pub. L. 100–220, title III, §§ 3103, 3104(b)(1)(A), (B), Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1469, 1470; Pub. L. 105–160, § 3, Mar. 6, 1998, 112 Stat. 21; Pub. L. 107–299, § 2, Nov. 26, 2002, 116 Stat. 2345; Pub. L. 110–394, § 3, Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4205.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–394, § 3(c), inserted “management,” after “development,” wherever appearing. Subsec. (a)(1)(D), (E). Pub. L. 110–394, § 3(a)(1), added subpars. (D) and (E) and struck out former subpars. (D) and (E) which read as follows: “(D) encourage the development of forecast and analysis systems for coastal hazards; “(E) understand global environmental processes; and”. Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 110–394, § 3(a)(2), substituted “program of integrated research, education, extension,” for “program of research, education,”. Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 110–394, § 3(a)(3), added par. (6) and struck out former par. (6) which read as follows: “The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, through the national sea grant college program, offers the most suitable locus and means for such commitment and involvement through the promotion of activities that will result in greater such understanding, assessment, development, utilization, and conservation. The most cost-effective way to promote such activities is through continued and increased Federal support of the establishment, development, and operation of programs and projects by sea grant colleges, sea grant institutes, and other institutions, including strong collaborations between Administration scientists and scientists at academic institutions.” Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–394, § 3(c), inserted “management,” after “development,”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–394, § 3(b), substituted “to promote integrated research, education, training, and extension services and activities” for “to promote research, education, training, and advisory service activities”. 2002—Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 107–299 inserted “, including strong collaborations between Administration scientists and scientists at academic institutions” before period at end. 1998—Subsec. (a)(1)(D) to (F). Pub. L. 105–160, § 3(a), added subpar. (D) and redesignated former subpars. (D) and (E) as (E) and (F), respectively. Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 105–160, § 3(b), substituted “The most cost-effective way to promote such activities is through continued and increased Federal support of the establishment, development, and operation of programs and projects by sea grant colleges, sea grant institutes, and other institutions.” for “Continued and increased Federal support of the establishment, development, and operation of programs and projects by sea grant colleges, sea grant regional consortia, institutions of higher education, institutes, laboratories, and other appropriate public and private entities is the most cost-effective way to promote such activities.” 1987—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–220, §§ 3103(1), 3104(b)(1)(A), added pars. (1) to (3), redesignated former pars. (1) to (3) as (4) to (6), respectively, and substituted “ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources” for “ocean and coastal resources” in pars. (4) and (5). Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–220, § 3103(2), substituted “ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources by providing assistance to promote a strong educational base, responsive research and training activities, broad and prompt dissemination of knowledge and techniques, and multidisciplinary approaches to environmental problems.” for “ocean and coastal resources by providing assistance to promote a strong educational base, responsive research and training activities, and broad and prompt dissemination of knowledge and techniques.” Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–220, § 3104(b)(1)(B), substituted “ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources” for “ocean and coastal resources”. 1978—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 95–428 substituted “national sea grant college program” for “national sea grant program”. 1976—Pub. L. 94–461 completely rewrote the Congressional statement of findings, objectives, and purposes of the National Sea Grant Program Act to reflect the extension and strengthening of the national sea grant program to promote research, education, training, and advisory service activities in fields related to ocean and coastal resources through federal support to sea grant colleges, sea grant regional consortia, and other institutions through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and to make education, training, research, and advisory services responsive to state, local, regional, or national needs and problems.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Short Title of 2020 AmendmentPub. L. 116–221, § 1, Dec. 18, 2020, 134 Stat. 1057, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 1123, 1126, 1127, 1128, and 1131 of this title, repealing section 857–20 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 1123 and 1127 of this title] may be cited as the ‘National Sea Grant College Program Amendments Act of 2020’.”
+
+Short Title of 2008 AmendmentPub. L. 110–394, § 1, Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4205, provided that: “This Act [amending this section and sections 1122 to 1124, 1126 to 1128, and 1131 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 1128 of this title] may be cited as the ‘National Sea Grant College Program Amendments Act of 2008’.”
+
+Short Title of 2002 AmendmentPub. L. 107–299, § 1, Nov. 26, 2002, 116 Stat. 2345, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 857–20 of this title, amending this section and sections 1123, 1124, 1126 to 1128, and 1131 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 1123 of this title] may be cited as the ‘National Sea Grant College Program Act Amendments of 2002’.”
+
+Short Title of 1998 AmendmentPub. L. 105–160, § 1, Mar. 6, 1998, 112 Stat. 21, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 1541 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade, amending this section and sections 1122, 1123, 1126 to 1128, and 1131 of this title, repealing section 1124a of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 1123 and 1131 of this title] may be cited as the ‘National Sea Grant College Program Reauthorization Act of 1998’.”
+
+Short Title of 1991 AmendmentPub. L. 102–186, § 1, Dec. 4, 1991, 105 Stat. 1282, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 1122 to 1124, 1127, 1128, and 1131 of this title and section 4741 of Title 16, Conservation, and repealing sections 1125 and 1130 of this title] may be cited as the ‘National Sea Grant College Program Authorization Act of 1991’.”
+
+Short Title of 1987 AmendmentPub. L. 100–220, title III, § 3001, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1469, provided that: “This title [amending this section and sections 1122 to 1131 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 883a and 1125 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Marine Science, Technology, and Policy Development Act of 1987’.” Section 3101 of subtitle A (§§ 3101–3111) of title III of Pub. L. 100–220 provided that: “This subtitle [amending this section and sections 1122 to 1131 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 1125 of this title] may be cited as the ‘National Sea Grant College Program Authorization Act of 1987’.”
+
+Short Title of 1976 AmendmentPub. L. 94–461, § 1, Oct. 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 1961, provided: “That this Act [enacting sections 1124a, 1125, 1126, 1127, 1128, 1129, 1130, and 1131 of this title and amending this section, sections 1122, 1123, and 1124 of this title, sections 5314 and 5315 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and provisions set out as notes under this section, section 1511 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade, and in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees] may be cited as the ‘Sea Grant Program Improvement Act of 1976’.”
+
+Short TitlePub. L. 89–454, title II, § 201, as added by Pub. L. 89–688, § 1, Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 998, and amended by Pub. L. 94–461, § 2, Oct. 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 1961; Pub. L. 95–428, § 2(a), Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 999, provided that: “This title [enacting this subchapter] may be cited as the ‘National Sea Grant College Program Act’.”
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1124"
+description: "Program or project grants and contracts"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1124"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1124"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1124"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1124 - Program or project grants and contracts
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Authorization; purposes; limitation on amount The Secretary may make grants and enter into contracts under this subsection to assist any sea grant program or project if the Secretary finds that such program or project will—
+
+(1) implement the objective set forth in section 1121(b) of this title; and
+
+(2) be responsive to the needs or problems of individual States or regions.
+
+The total amount paid pursuant to any such grant or contract may equal 66⅔ percent, or any lesser percent, of the total cost of the sea grant program or project involved; except that this limitation shall not apply in the case of grants or contracts paid for with funds accepted by the Secretary under section 1123(c)(4)(F) of this title or that are appropriated under section 1127(b) of this title.
+
+(b) Special grants; maximum amount; prerequisites The Secretary may make special grants under this subsection to implement the objective set forth in section 1121(b) of this title. The amount of any such grant may equal 100 percent, or any lesser percent, of the total cost of the project involved. No grant may be made under this subsection unless the Secretary finds that—
+
+(1) no reasonable means is available through which the applicant can meet the matching requirement for a grant under subsection (a);
+
+(2) the probable benefit of such project outweighs the public interest in such matching requirement; and
+
+(3) the same or equivalent benefit cannot be obtained through the award of a contract or grant under subsection (a).
+
+The total amount that may be provided for grants under this subsection during any fiscal year shall not exceed an amount equal to 5 percent of the total funds appropriated for such year under section 1131 of this title.
+
+(c) Eligibility and procedure Any person may apply to the Secretary for a grant or contract under this section. Application shall be made in such form and manner, and with such content and other submissions, as the Secretary shall by regulation prescribe. The Secretary shall act upon each such application within 6 months after the date on which all required information is received.
+
+(d) Terms and conditions (1) Any grant made, or contract entered into, under this section shall be subject to the limitations and provisions set forth in paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) and to such other terms, conditions, and requirements as the Secretary deems necessary or appropriate. Terms, conditions, and requirements imposed by the Secretary under this paragraph shall minimize any requirement of prior Federal approval.
+
+(2) No payment under any grant or contract under this section may be applied to—
+
+(A) the purchase or rental of any land; or
+
+(B) the purchase, rental, construction, preservation, or repair of any building, dock, or vessel;
+
+except that payment under any such grant or contract may be applied to the short-term rental of buildings or facilities for meetings which are in direct support of any sea grant program or project and may, if approved by the Secretary, be applied to the purchase, rental, construction, preservation, or repair of non-self-propelled habitats, buoys, platforms, and other similar devices or structures, or to the rental of any research vessel which is used in direct support of activities under any sea grant program or project.
+
+(3) The total amount which may be obligated for payment pursuant to grants made to, and contracts entered into with, persons under this section within any one State in any fiscal year shall not exceed an amount equal to 15 percent of the total funds appropriated for such year pursuant to section 1131 of this title.
+
+(4) Any person who receives or utilizes any proceeds of any grant or contract under this section shall keep such records as the Secretary shall by regulation prescribe as being necessary and appropriate to facilitate effective audit and evaluation, including records which fully disclose the amount and disposition by such recipient of such proceeds, the total cost of the program or project in connection with which such proceeds were used, and the amount, if any, of such cost which was provided through other sources. Such records shall be maintained for 3 years after the completion of such a program or project. The Secretary and the Comptroller General of the United States, or any of their duly authorized representatives, shall have access, for the purpose of audit and evaluation, to any books, documents, papers, and records of receipts which, in the opinion of the Secretary or of the Comptroller General, may be related or pertinent to such grants and contracts.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–454, title II, § 205, as added Pub. L. 89–688, § 1, Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 1001; amended Pub. L. 93–73, § 1(8), July 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 170; Pub. L. 94–461, § 2, Oct. 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 1964; Pub. L. 95–428, § 3(2), Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 999; Pub. L. 96–289, § 1(3), June 28, 1980, 94 Stat. 605; Pub. L. 100–220, title III, § 3105(a), Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1471; Pub. L. 102–186, § 4(b)(1)(B), Dec. 4, 1991, 105 Stat. 1283; Pub. L. 107–299, § 4, Nov. 26, 2002, 116 Stat. 2346; Pub. L. 110–394, § 6, Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4207.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–394, § 6(1), substituted “1123(c)(4)(F) of this title or that are appropriated under section 1127(b) of this title.” for “1123(c)(4)(F) of this title.” Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–394, § 6(2), inserted concluding provisions and struck out former concluding provisions which read as follows: “The total amount which may be provided for grants under this subsection during any fiscal year shall not exceed an amount equal to 1 percent of the total funds appropriated for such year pursuant to section 1131 of this title.” 2002—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–299 substituted “section 1123(c)(4)(F)” for “section 1123(d)(6)” in concluding provisions. 1991—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 102–186 struck out reference to section 1125 of this title after reference to subsection (a) of this section. 1987—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 100–220 inserted at end “Terms, conditions, and requirements imposed by the Secretary under this paragraph shall minimize any requirement of prior Federal approval.” 1980—Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 96–289 authorized application of any payment under a grant or contract to the short-term rental of buildings or facilities for meetings which are in direct support of any sea grant program or project. 1978—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95–428 made the percentage limitation inapplicable to grants or contracts paid for with funds accepted by the Secretary under section 1123(d)(6) of this title. 1976—Pub. L. 94–461 substituted provisions covering program or project grants and contracts for provisions authorizing the study of ways to share with other countries the results of marine research useful in the exploration, development, conservation, and management of marine resources. 1973—Pub. L. 93–73 substituted provisions for study of international marine technology transfer for prior provisions respecting advisory functions of National Council on Marine Resources and Development.
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1124a"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 105–160, § 6, Mar. 6, 1998, 112 Stat. 24"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1124a"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1124a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1124a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "a1a9ff82fe067855d591e1d4cadc8c16f5bc1198186e928b86c24e457604ab40"
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+text_hash: "351a677d9d169d3887dc2c076ea550d667ed1038e4a57ee0f8fb8531a2312fb3"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1124a - Repealed. Pub. L. 105–160, § 6, Mar. 6, 1998, 112 Stat. 24
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 94–461, § 3, Oct. 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 1969; Pub. L. 95–58, § 2, June 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 254; Pub. L. 95–428, § 4(2), (3), Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 1000; Pub. L. 96–289, §§ 2, 3, June 28, 1980, 94 Stat. 605; Pub. L. 98–623, title V, § 501(b), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3410; Pub. L. 100–220, title III, § 3111, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1474; Pub. L. 102–251, title III, § 307(b), Mar. 9, 1992, 106 Stat. 66, related to sea grant international program.
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1125"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 102–186, § 4(a), Dec. 4, 1991, 105 Stat. 1283"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1125"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1125"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1125"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "60cf072a2bf5826e9dcbb82e17da81117b1b8e409b0bdf771eed1a2bd67bc01f"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1125 - Repealed. Pub. L. 102–186, § 4(a), Dec. 4, 1991, 105 Stat. 1283
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 89–454, title II, § 206, as added Pub. L. 94–461, § 2, Oct. 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 1965; amended Pub. L. 95–58, § 1, June 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 254; Pub. L. 95–428, § 3(3), Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 999; Pub. L. 96–289, § 1(4), June 28, 1980, 94 Stat. 605; Pub. L. 100–220, title III, § 3106(a), Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1471, required development of a sea grant strategic research plan and authorized grants and contracts to carry out the program.
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1126"
+description: "Sea grant colleges and sea grant institutes"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1126"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1126"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1126"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1126 - Sea grant colleges and sea grant institutes
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Designation (1) A sea grant college or sea grant institute shall meet the following qualifications—
+
+(A) have an existing broad base of competence in fields related to ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources;
+
+(B) make a long-term commitment to the objective in section 1121(b) of this title, as determined by the Secretary;
+
+(C) cooperate with other sea grant colleges and institutes and other persons to solve problems or meet needs relating to ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources;
+
+(D) have received financial assistance under section 1124 of this title;
+
+(E) be recognized for excellence in fields related to ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources (including marine resources management and science), as determined by the Secretary; and
+
+(F) meet such other qualifications as the Secretary, in consultation with the Board, considers necessary or appropriate.
+
+(2) The Secretary may designate an institution, or an association or alliance of two or more such institutions, as a sea grant college if the institution, association, or alliance—
+
+(A) meets the qualifications in paragraph (1); and
+
+(B) maintains a program of research, extension services, training, and education in fields related to ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources.
+
+(3) The Secretary may designate an institution, or an association or alliance of two or more such institutions, as a sea grant institute if the institution, association, or alliance—
+
+(A) meets the qualifications in paragraph (1); and
+
+(B) maintains a program which includes, at a minimum, research and extension services.
+
+(b) Additional designations (1) Notification to Congress of designations (A) In general Not less than 30 days before designating an institution, or an association or alliance of two or more such institutions, as a sea grant college or sea grant institute under subsection (a), the Secretary shall notify Congress in writing of the proposed designation. The notification shall include an evaluation and justification for the designation.
+
+(B) Effect of joint resolution of disapproval The Secretary may not designate an institution, or an association or alliance of two or more such institutions, as a sea grant college or sea grant institute under subsection (a) if, before the end of the 30-day period described in subparagraph (A), a joint resolution disapproving the designation is enacted.
+
+(2) Existing designees Any institution, or association or alliance of two or more such institutions, designated as a sea grant college or awarded institutional program status by the Director prior to March 6, 1998, shall not have to reapply for designation as a sea grant college or sea grant institute, respectively, after March 6, 1998, if the Director determines that the institution, or association or alliance of institutions, meets the qualifications in subsection (a).
+
+(c) Suspension or termination of designation The Secretary may, for cause and after an opportunity for hearing, suspend or terminate any designation under subsection (a).
+
+(d) Duties Subject to any regulations prescribed or guidelines established by the Secretary, it shall be the responsibility of each sea grant college and sea grant institute—
+
+(1) to develop and implement, in consultation with the Secretary and the Board, a program that is consistent with the guidelines and priorities established under section 1123(c) of this title; and
+
+(2) to conduct a merit review of all proposals for grants and contracts to be awarded under section 1124 of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–454, title II, § 207, as added Pub. L. 94–461, § 2, Oct. 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 1966; amended Pub. L. 100–220, title III, § 3104(b)(1)(E), Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1470; Pub. L. 105–160, § 7, Mar. 6, 1998, 112 Stat. 24; Pub. L. 107–299, § 8, Nov. 26, 2002, 116 Stat. 2348; Pub. L. 110–394, §§ 7, 9(a)(4)(C)(ii), Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4207, 4208; Pub. L. 113–188, title II, § 201(a), Nov. 26, 2014, 128 Stat. 2018; Pub. L. 116–221, § 7, Dec. 18, 2020, 134 Stat. 1059.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2020—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 116–221, § 7(2), added par. (1), designated existing provisions as par. (2), and inserted par. (2) heading. Pub. L. 116–221, § 7(1), substituted “Additional designations” for “Existing designees” in heading. 2014—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 113–188, which directed amendment of section 207 of the National Sea Grant Program Act by striking subsec. (e), was executed to this section, which is section 207 of the National Sea Grant College Program Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Prior to amendment, subsec. (e) related to annual reports on progress made by colleges, universities, institutions, associations, and alliances to become designated under this section as sea grant colleges or sea grant institutes. 2008—Subsec. (a)(1)(F). Pub. L. 110–394, § 9(a)(4)(C)(ii), substituted “Board” for “panel”. Subsec. (a)(2)(B), (3)(B). Pub. L. 110–394, § 7, substituted “extension services” for “advisory services”. Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 110–394, § 9(a)(4)(C)(ii), substituted “Board” for “panel”. 2002—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 107–299 added subsec. (e). 1998—Pub. L. 105–160 amended section catchline and text generally. Prior to amendment text consisted of subsecs. (a) to (c) relating to authorization of the Secretary to designate sea grant college and sea grant regional consortia with certain prerequisites, requirement of regulations to prescribe qualifications and guidelines, and authorization of the Secretary to suspend or terminate any designation. 1987—Subsec. (a)(2)(A), (3)(A), (B). Pub. L. 100–220 substituted “ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources” for “ocean and coastal resources”.
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
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+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1127"
+description: "Fellowships"
+jurisdiction: "us"
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+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1127"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1127"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1127"
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+text_hash: "6a8240038d44bc104e6b8a3545b049a4546bd65d5cf3fa3928e964902a82fb4d"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1127 - Fellowships
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In general To carry out the educational and training objectives of this subchapter, the Secretary shall support a program of fellowships for qualified individuals at the graduate and post-graduate level. The fellowships shall be related to ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources and awarded pursuant to guidelines established by the Secretary. The Secretary shall strive to ensure equal access for minority and economically disadvantaged students to the program carried out under this subsection.
+
+(b) Dean John A. Knauss Marine Policy Fellowship (1) In general The Secretary shall award marine policy fellowships to support the placement of individuals at the graduate level of education in fields related to ocean, coastal and Great Lakes resources in positions with the executive and legislative branches of the United States Government.
+
+(2) Placement priorities (A) In general In each year in which the Secretary awards a legislative fellowship under this subsection, when considering the placement of fellows, the Secretary shall prioritize placement of fellows in the following:
+
+(i) Positions in offices of, or with Members on, committees of Congress that have jurisdiction over the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
+
+(ii) Positions in offices of Members of Congress that have a demonstrated interest in ocean, coastal, or Great Lakes resources.
+
+(B) Equitable distribution In placing fellows in offices described in subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall ensure that placements are equitably distributed among the political parties.
+
+(3) Duration A fellowship awarded under this subsection shall be for a period of not more than 1 year.
+
+(c) Restriction on use of funds Amounts available for fellowships under this section, including amounts accepted under section 1123(c)(4)(F) of this title or appropriated under section 1131 of this title to implement this section, shall be used only for award of such fellowships and administrative costs of implementing this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–454, title II, § 208, as added Pub. L. 94–461, § 2, Oct. 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 1966; amended Pub. L. 100–66, § 3, July 10, 1987, 101 Stat. 384; Pub. L. 100–220, title III, § 3107, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1472; Pub. L. 102–186, § 4(b)(1)(C), (D), Dec. 4, 1991, 105 Stat. 1283; Pub. L. 105–160, § 4(b)(2), Mar. 6, 1998, 112 Stat. 22; Pub. L. 107–299, § 5, Nov. 26, 2002, 116 Stat. 2346; Pub. L. 110–394, § 8, Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4207; Pub. L. 113–188, title II, § 201(c), Nov. 26, 2014, 128 Stat. 2018; Pub. L. 116–221, § 3(a), (b), Dec. 18, 2020, 134 Stat. 1057.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThis subchapter, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “this Act” and was translated as reading “this title” meaning title II of Pub. L. 89–454, which enacted this subchapter, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
+
+Amendments2020—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 116–221 designated first sentence as par. (1) and inserted heading, substituted “shall award” for “may award”, added par. (2), and designated second sentence as par. (3) and inserted heading. 2014—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 113–188, which directed amendment of section 208(a) of the National Sea Grant Program Act by striking the fourth sentence, was executed to this section, which is section 208(a) of the National Sea Grant College Program Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Prior to amendment, fourth sentence read as follows: “Every 2 years, the Secretary shall submit a report to the Congress describing the efforts by the Secretary to ensure equal access for minority and economically disadvantaged students to the program carried out under this subsection, and the results of such efforts.” 2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–394, § 8(1), substituted “Every 2 years,” for “Not later than 1 year after November 26, 2002, and every 2 years thereafter,”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–394, § 8(2), added subsec. (c). 2002—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–299, § 5(a), inserted at end “The Secretary shall strive to ensure equal access for minority and economically disadvantaged students to the program carried out under this subsection. Not later than 1 year after November 26, 2002, and every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit a report to the Congress describing the efforts by the Secretary to ensure equal access for minority and economically disadvantaged students to the program carried out under this subsection, and the results of such efforts.” Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–299, § 5(b), struck out heading and text of subsec. (c). Text read as follows: “The Secretary shall establish and administer a program of postdoctoral fellowships to accelerate research in critical subject areas. The fellowship awards— “(1) shall be for 2 years; “(2) may be renewed once for not more than 2 years; “(3) shall be awarded on a nationally competitive basis; “(4) may be used at any institution of post-secondary education involved in the national sea grant college program; “(5) shall be for up to 100 percent of the total cost of the fellowship; and “(6) may be made to recipients of terminal professional degrees, as well as doctoral degree recipients.” 1998—Pub. L. 105–160 substituted “Secretary” for “Under Secretary” in subsec. (a) in two places and in subsecs. (b) and (c). 1991—Subsec. (c)(5) to (7). Pub. L. 102–186 inserted “and” after semicolon at end of par. (5), redesignated par. (7) as (6), and struck out former par. (6) which read as follows: “may be made for any of the priority areas of research identified in the sea grant strategic research plan in effect under section 1125 of this title; and”. 1987—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–220 amended subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) read as follows: “The Secretary shall support a sea grant fellowship program to provide educational and training assistance to qualified individuals at the undergraduate and graduate levels of education in fields related to ocean and coastal resources. Such fellowships shall be awarded pursuant to guidelines established by the Secretary. Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, sea grant fellowships may only be awarded by sea grant colleges, sea grant regional consortia, institutions of higher education, and professional associations and institutes.” Pub. L. 100–66, § 3(1), substituted “Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, sea” for “Sea”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–220 amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (b) read as follows: “(1) As part of the sea grant fellowship program, the Secretary may award sea grant fellowships to support the placement of qualified individuals in positions with the executive and legislative branches of the United States Government. No fellowship may be awarded under this paragraph for a period exceeding one year. “(2) For purposes of this subsection, the term ‘qualified individual’ means an individual at the graduate level of education in fields related to ocean and coastal resources.” Pub. L. 100–66, § 3(2), (3), added subsec. (b) and redesignated former subsec. (b) as (c). Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–220 amended subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (c) read as follows: “The total amount which may be provided for grants under the sea grant fellowship program during any fiscal year shall not exceed an amount equal to 5 percent of the total funds appropriated for such year pursuant to section 1131 of this title.” Pub. L. 100–66, § 3(2), redesignated former subsec. (b) as (c).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2020 AmendmentPub. L. 116–221, § 3(c), Dec. 18, 2020, 134 Stat. 1058, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply with respect to the first calendar year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 18, 2020].”
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentPub. L. 100–66, § 4, July 10, 1987, 101 Stat. 385, provided that: “The amendment made by section 3 [amending this section] shall take effect January 1, 1978.”
+
+Direct Hire Authority; Dean John A. Knauss Marine Policy FellowshipPub. L. 116–221, § 8, Dec. 18, 2020, 134 Stat. 1059, provided that: “(a) In General.—During fiscal year 2021 and any fiscal year thereafter, the head of any Federal agency may appoint, without regard to the provisions of subchapter I of chapter 33 of title 5, United States Code, other than sections 3303 and 3328 of that title, a qualified candidate described in subsection (b) directly to a position with the Federal agency for which the candidate meets Office of Personnel Management qualification standards. “(b) Dean John A. Knauss Marine Policy Fellowship.—Subsection (a) applies with respect to a former recipient of a Dean John A. Knauss Marine Policy Fellowship under section 208(b) of the National Sea Grant College Program Act (33 U.S.C. 1127(b)) who—“(1) earned a graduate or post-graduate degree in a field related to ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources or policy from an accredited institution of higher education; and “(2) successfully fulfilled the requirements of the fellowship within the executive or legislative branch of the United States Government. “(c) Limitation.—The direct hire authority under this section shall be exercised with respect to a specific qualified candidate not later than 2 years after the date that the candidate completed the fellowship described in subsection (b).”
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1129"
+description: "Interagency cooperation"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1129"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1129"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1129"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "a1c811c7460cbbcce434ec4c62cad409adcb56d7314bdd055fb69e77dc6fb11b"
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+text_hash: "0cbed3330c45416b39a218b491416bdcbdf05e541df8f0965f8ddd9dc146ab27"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1129 - Interagency cooperation
+
+## Text
+
+Each department, agency, or other instrumentality of the Federal Government which is engaged in or concerned with, or which has authority over, matters relating to ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources—
+
+(1) may, upon a written request from the Secretary, make available, on a reimbursable basis or otherwise any personnel (with their consent and without prejudice to their position and rating), service, or facility which the Secretary deems necessary to carry out any provision of this subchapter;
+
+(2) shall, upon a written request from the Secretary, furnish any available data or other information which the Secretary deems necessary to carry out any provision of this subchapter; and
+
+(3) shall cooperate with the Administration and duly authorized officials thereof.
+
+(Pub. L. 89–454, title II, § 210, as added Pub. L. 94–461, § 2, Oct. 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 1968; amended Pub. L. 100–220, title III, § 3104(b)(1)(G), Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1471.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1987—Pub. L. 100–220 substituted “ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources” for “ocean and coastal resources” in introductory provisions.
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1130"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 102–186, § 5(a), Dec. 4, 1991, 105 Stat. 1283"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1130"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1130"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1130"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "951e569a393d92f6cffc9b1bf94728fcc42f5d6f8f4eac4f72bee8b0b499ce38"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "de3d130b31eae77f8c0fc593f61b7287899297718d678d500eea123559828523"
+text_hash: "84cd459e50a6d57270924e1bddc36184ffabfa5118e44ad413752679f426e408"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1130 - Repealed. Pub. L. 102–186, § 5(a), Dec. 4, 1991, 105 Stat. 1283
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 89–454, title II, § 211, as added Pub. L. 94–461, § 2, Oct. 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 1968; amended Pub. L. 95–428, §§ 2(b), 3(4), Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 999; Pub. L. 100–220, title III, § 3109, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1473, authorized grants for graduate programs in marine affairs and resource management during fiscal years 1988 through 1990.
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1141"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1141"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1141"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1141"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "0daa90e11374c880bd00298aaa3916fa2b3a93add2d2c61ee0ebf28e3b3b2d29"
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+text_hash: "4b0eec1b15f396e95f5798a810c8ee2f2ac0b78f9a308206807ba0e4fedc0cb7"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1141 - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+In this subchapter:
+
+(1) Sea Grant Institution The term “Sea Grant Institution” means a sea grant college or sea grant institute, as those terms are defined in section 1122 of this title.
+
+(2) Tribal organization The term “Tribal organization” has the meaning given the term “tribal organization” in section 5304 of title 25.
+
+(3) Young fisherman The term “young fisherman” means an individual who—
+
+(A) desires to participate in the commercial fisheries of the United States, including the Great Lakes fisheries;
+
+(B) has worked as a captain, crew member, or deckhand on a commercial fishing vessel for not more than 10 years of cumulative service; or
+
+(C) is a beginning commercial fisherman.
+
+(Pub. L. 116–289, § 2, Jan. 5, 2021, 134 Stat. 4886.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was enacted as part of the Young Fishermen’s Development Act, and not as part of titles I and II of Pub. L. 89–454 which comprise this chapter.
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1142"
+description: "Establishment of program"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1142"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1142"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1142"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "8fed9d571f20c846fe9e24eb10cafdac36056fef3ea14391ea749196d6ec0c73"
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+text_hash: "6ee89d30390a51ad22a7ab9e5260c3aa499e6469c68db5e2050fc44f19b08abb"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1142 - Establishment of program
+
+## Text
+
+The Secretary of Commerce, acting through the National Sea Grant Office, shall establish a program to provide training, education, outreach, and technical assistance initiatives for young fishermen, to be known as the ‘Young Fishermen’s Development Grant Program’ (referred to in this section 11 So in original. Probably should refer to this subchapter. as the ‘Program’).
+
+(Pub. L. 116–289, § 3, Jan. 5, 2021, 134 Stat. 4886.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was enacted as part of the Young Fishermen’s Development Act, and not as part of titles I and II of Pub. L. 89–454 which comprise this chapter.
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1143"
+description: "Grants"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1143"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1143"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1143"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "6058e72e00edcd2c383d5d851fb5a9b9c3bb7baab2f9ca804f997e402a0529ba"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1143 - Grants
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In general In carrying out the Program, the Secretary shall make competitive grants to support new and established local and regional training, education, outreach, and technical assistance initiatives for young fishermen, including programs, workshops, and services relating to—
+
+(1) seamanship, navigation, electronics, and safety;
+
+(2) vessel and engine care, maintenance, and repair;
+
+(3) innovative conservation fishing gear engineering and technology;
+
+(4) sustainable fishing practices;
+
+(5) entrepreneurship and good business practices;
+
+(6) direct marketing, supply chain, and traceability;
+
+(7) financial and risk management, including vessel, permit, and quota purchasing;
+
+(8) State and Federal legal requirements for specific fisheries, including reporting, monitoring, licenses, and regulations;
+
+(9) State and Federal fisheries policy and management;
+
+(10) mentoring, apprenticeships, or internships; and
+
+(11) any other activities, opportunities, or programs, as the Secretary determines appropriate.
+
+(b) Eligibility (1) Applicants To be eligible to receive a grant under the Program, a recipient shall be a collaborative State, Tribal, local, or regionally based network or partnership of public or private entities, which may include—
+
+(A) a Sea Grant Institution;
+
+(B) a Federal or State agency or a Tribal organization;
+
+(C) a community-based nongovernmental organization;
+
+(D) fishermen’s cooperatives or associations;
+
+(E) an institution of higher education (including an institution awarding an associate’s degree), or a foundation maintained by an institution of higher education; or
+
+(F) any other appropriate entity, as the Secretary determines appropriate.
+
+(2) Participants All young fishermen seeking to participate in the commercial fisheries of the United States and the Great Lakes are eligible to participate in the activities funded through grants provided for in this section, except that participants in such activities shall be selected by each grant recipient.
+
+(c) Maximum term and amount of grant (1) In general A grant under this section shall—
+
+(A) have a term of no more than 3 fiscal years; and
+
+(B) be in an amount that is not more than $200,000 for each fiscal year.
+
+(2) Consecutive grants An eligible recipient may receive consecutive grants under this section.
+
+(d) Matching requirement To be eligible to receive a grant under this section, a recipient shall provide a match in the form of cash or in-kind contributions from the recipient in the amount equal to or greater than 25 percent of the funds provided by the grant.
+
+(e) Regional balance In making grants under this section, the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure geographic diversity.
+
+(f) Cooperation and evaluation criteria In carrying out this section and in developing criteria for evaluating grant applications, the Secretary shall consult, to the maximum extent practicable, with—
+
+(1) Sea Grant Institutions and extension agents of such institutions;
+
+(2) community-based nongovernmental fishing organizations;
+
+(3) Federal and State agencies, including Regional Fishery Management Councils established under the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1851 et seq.); 11 See References in Text note below.
+
+(4) institutions of higher education with fisheries expertise and programs; and
+
+(5) partners, as the Secretary determines.
+
+(g) Prohibition A grant under this section may not be used to purchase any fishing license, permit, quota, or other harvesting right.
+
+(Pub. L. 116–289, § 4, Jan. 5, 2021, 134 Stat. 4886.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, referred to in subsec. (f)(3), is Pub. L. 94–265, Apr. 13, 1976, 90 Stat. 331, which is classified principally to chapter 38 (§ 1801 et seq.) of Title 16, Conservation. Title III of the Act is classified generally to subchapter IV (§ 1851 et seq.) of chapter 38 of Title 16. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1801 of Title 16 and Tables.
+
+Codification Section was enacted as part of the Young Fishermen’s Development Act, and not as part of titles I and II of Pub. L. 89–454 which comprise this chapter.
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1144"
+description: "Funding"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "SEA GRANT COLLEGES AND MARINE SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT"
+section: "1144"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1144"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1144"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "f48f9f7fff768bbea36ae57500bd5a6668e1d2c974d75685178fcd9ceec958d7"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1144 - Funding
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Authorizations There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subchapter $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
+
+(b) Derivation Funds to carry out the activities under this subchapter shall be derived from amounts authorized to be appropriated pursuant to the preceding subsection that are enacted after January 5, 2021.
+
+(Pub. L. 116–289, § 5, Jan. 5, 2021, 134 Stat. 4888.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was enacted as part of the Young Fishermen’s Development Act, and not as part of titles I and II of Pub. L. 89–454 which comprise this chapter.