Legal corpus: the complete U.S. Code (59,740 sections, all 53 titles)

Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 10:51:44 -04:00
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+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1601"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA"
+section: "1601"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1601"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1601"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "2fa7f7f9d5144dd7ca4bf024fa1aa9fced03e856c818280513a6add311b22cf0"
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+text_hash: "cca1f6bfe60236e2f162d885fc2b3f16f69e26bda36e698877d8da099840da85"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1601 - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+For the purposes of this chapter—
+
+(1) “vessel” means every description of watercraft, including nondisplacement craft and seaplanes, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water; and
+
+(2) “high seas” means all parts of the sea that are not included in the territorial sea or in the internal waters of any nation.
+
+(Pub. L. 95–75, § 2, July 27, 1977, 91 Stat. 308.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThis chapter, referred to in opening par., was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 95–75, July 27, 1977, 91 Stat. 308, known as the “International Navigational Rules Act of 1977”, which enacted this chapter, repealed sections 1051 to 1094 of this title, enacted provisions set out as notes under this section, and repealed provision set out as a note under section 1051 of this title.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of International Regulations; Repeal of Former RegulationsPub. L. 95–75, § 10, July 27, 1977, 91 Stat. 311, provided in part that Pub. L. 88–131, enacting sections 1051 to 1094 of this title and a provision set out as a note under section 1051 of this title which sections included the former International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, was repealed effective on the date on which the International Regulations [promulgated pursuant to this chapter] entered into force for the United States [July 15, 1977]. See Proclamation dated Jan. 19, 1977, set out as a note under section 1602 of this title.
+
+References to Former RegulationsPub. L. 95–75, § 10, July 27, 1977, 91 Stat. 311, provided in part that: “The reference in any other law to Public Law 88–131 [enacting sections 1051 to 1094 of this title and enacting a provision set out as a note under section 1051 of this title], or to the regulations set forth in section 4 of that Act [sections 1061 to 1094 of this title], shall be considered a reference, respectively, to this Act [this chapter], or to the International Regulations proclaimed hereunder [set out as a note under section 1602 of this title].”
+
+Short TitlePub. L. 95–75, § 1, July 27, 1977, 91 Stat. 308, provided: “That this Act [enacting this chapter, repealing sections 1051 to 1094 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, and repealing provisions set out as a note under section 1051 of this title] may be cited as the ‘International Navigational Rules Act of 1977’.”
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1603"
+description: "Vessels subject to International Regulations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA"
+section: "1603"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1603"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1603"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "6018ec9953076e73dff0feed8c8c5523f26272788ca996f712a814badea28768"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1603 - Vessels subject to International Regulations
+
+## Text
+
+Except as provided in section 1604 of this title and subject to the provisions of section 1605 of this title, the International Regulations, as proclaimed under section 1602 of this title, shall be applicable to, and shall be complied with by—
+
+(1) all vessels, public and private, subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, while upon the high seas or in waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels, and
+
+(2) all other vessels when on waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
+
+(Pub. L. 95–75, § 4, July 27, 1977, 91 Stat. 309.)
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1604"
+description: "Vessels not subject to International Regulations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA"
+section: "1604"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1604"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1604"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "5dc649fc59cdeed688ca92f6a47775062717605dd3f1292a25e08c1f9c32a682"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1604 - Vessels not subject to International Regulations
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The International Regulations do not apply to vessels while in the waters of the United States shoreward of the navigational demarcation lines dividing the high seas from harbors, rivers, and other inland waters of the United States.
+
+(b) Whenever a vessel subject to the jurisdiction of the United States is in the territorial waters of a foreign state the International Regulations shall be applicable to, and shall be complied with by, that vessel to the extent that the laws and regulations of the foreign state are not in conflict therewith.
+
+(Pub. L. 95–75, § 5, July 27, 1977, 91 Stat. 309; Pub. L. 96–591, § 6(1), Dec. 24, 1980, 94 Stat. 3434.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–591 substituted provision providing that the International Regulations do not apply to vessels while in the waters of the United States shoreward of the navigational demarcation lines dividing the high seas from harbors, rivers, and other inland waters of the United States for provisions that had made specific reference to harbors, rivers, and other inland waters of the United States, as defined in section 154 of this title, to the Great Lakes of North America and their connecting and tributary waters, as defined in section 241 of this title, and to the Red River of the North and rivers emptying into the Gulf of Mexico and their tributaries, as defined in section 301 of this title.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1980 AmendmentPub. L. 96–591, § 7, Dec. 24, 1980, 94 Stat. 3435, provided that: “Sections 2, 4, 6(1), and 8(a) [enacting section 2072 and former sections 2001 to 2038 of this title, amending this section, and repealing sections 154 to 159, 171 to 183, 191, 192, 201 to 213, 221, 222, 231, 232, 301 to 303, 311 to 323, 331, 341 to 356, 360, and 360a of this title and sections 526b, 526c, and 526d of former Title 46, Shipping] are effective 12 months after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 24, 1980], except that on the Great Lakes, the effective date of sections 2 and 4 [enacting section 2072 and former sections 2001 to 2038 of this title] will be established by the Secretary. [The effective date on the Great Lakes was established as Mar. 1, 1983. See 47 F.R. 15135, Apr. 8, 1982.] Section 5 [enacting section 2073 of this title] is effective on October 1, 1981.”
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1605"
+description: "Navy and Coast Guard vessels of special construction or purpose"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA"
+section: "1605"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1605"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1605"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "5074e2168d9b34350d3ab1a9fba589cab95e01cd815c656c2bc7dff63329be39"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1605 - Navy and Coast Guard vessels of special construction or purpose
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Certification for alternative compliance Any requirement of the International Regulations with respect to the number, position, range, or arc of visibility of lights, with respect to shapes, or with respect to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signaling appliances, shall not be applicable to a vessel of special construction or purpose, whenever the Secretary of the Navy, for any vessel of the Navy, or the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating, for any other vessel of the United States, shall certify that the vessel cannot comply fully with that requirement without interfering with the special function of the vessel.
+
+(b) Closest possible compliance by vessels covered by certification for alternative compliance Whenever a certification is issued under the authority of subsection (a) of this section, the vessel involved shall comply with the requirement as to which the certification is made to the extent that the Secretary issuing the certification shall certify as the closest possible compliance by that vessel.
+
+(c) Publication of certifications in Federal Register Notice of the certifications issued pursuant to subsections (a) and (b) of this section shall be published in the Federal Register.
+
+(d) Issuance of certification for a class of vessels A certification authorized by this section may be issued for a class of vessels.
+
+(Pub. L. 95–75, § 6, July 27, 1977, 91 Stat. 309; Pub. L. 96–591, § 6(2), Dec. 24, 1980, 94 Stat. 3434.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1980—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–591 added subsec. (d).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Transfer of Functions For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1606"
+description: "Special rules for ships of war, vessels proceeding under convoy, and fishing vessels engaged in fishing as a fleet"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA"
+section: "1606"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1606"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1606"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "91e8d39883a6d9517a17cb090dc5c8cafd2dda8715632b94e031aa46a7b092c5"
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+text_hash: "4a651a0a1cbf85573313c5d7d9c0ae7f95dc53a6284b94480afa69142ed5c95e"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1606 - Special rules for ships of war, vessels proceeding under convoy, and fishing vessels engaged in fishing as a fleet
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The Secretary of the Navy is authorized to promulgate special rules with respect to additional station or signal lights or whistle signals for ships of war or vessels proceeding under convoy, and the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating is authorized to promulgate special rules with respect to additional station or signal lights for fishing vessels engaged in fishing as a fleet.
+
+(b) The additional station or signal lights or whistle signals contained in the special rules authorized under subsection (a) of this section shall be, as far as possible, such that they cannot be mistaken for any light or signal authorized by the International Regulations. Notice of such special rules shall be published in the Federal Register and, after the effective date specified in such notice, they shall have effect as if they were a part of the International Regulations.
+
+(Pub. L. 95–75, § 7, July 27, 1977, 91 Stat. 310.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Transfer of Functions For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1607"
+description: "Implementation by rules and regulations; authority to promulgate"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA"
+section: "1607"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1607"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1607"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "389dd0f32e732df56c63c606aa81691df1d069b699583b72e6e632405ed9f367"
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+text_hash: "42f6e3443f254e6f35275c7fd1dcfbfb77ecb931f1495715ef25f3b7a59998df"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1607 - Implementation by rules and regulations; authority to promulgate
+
+## Text
+
+The Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating is authorized to promulgate such reasonable rules and regulations as are necessary to implement the provisions of this chapter and the International Regulations proclaimed hereunder.
+
+(Pub. L. 95–75, § 8, July 27, 1977, 91 Stat. 310.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Transfer of Functions For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1608"
+description: "Civil penalties"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA"
+section: "1608"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1608"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1608"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "77d6f2d2df060bf15e3a30e09c56ec26e96c9f1df65e53face70e361e39be220"
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+text_hash: "28e63fbe121b8b4784965f4c3257d26ab982532368438df9984351241afcd120"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1608 - Civil penalties
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Liability of vessel operator for violations Whoever operates a vessel, subject to the provisions of this chapter, in violation of this chapter or of any regulation promulgated pursuant to section 1607 of this title, shall be liable to a civil penalty of not more than $5,000 for each such violation.
+
+(b) Liability of vessel for violations; seizure of vessel Every vessel subject to the provisions of this chapter, other than a public vessel being used for noncommercial purposes, which is operated in violation of this chapter or of any regulation promulgated pursuant to section 1607 of this title, shall be liable to a civil penalty of not more than $5,000 for each such violation, for which penalty the vessel may be seized and proceeded against in the district court of the United States of any district within which such vessel may be found.
+
+(c) Assessment of penalties; notice; opportunity for hearing; remission, mitigation, and compromise of penalty; action for collection The Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating may assess any civil penalty authorized by this section. No such penalty may be assessed until the person charged, or the owner of the vessel charged, as appropriate, shall have been given notice of the violation involved and an opportunity for a hearing. For good cause shown, the Secretary may remit, mitigate, or compromise any penalty assessed. Upon the failure of the person charged, or the owner of the vessel charged, to pay an assessed penalty, as it may have been mitigated or compromised, the Secretary may request the Attorney General to commence an action in the appropriate district court of the United States for collection of the penalty as assessed, without regard to the amount involved, together with such other relief as may be appropriate.
+
+(Pub. L. 95–75, § 9, July 27, 1977, 91 Stat. 310; Pub. L. 96–591, § 6(3), (4), Dec. 24, 1980, 94 Stat. 3435.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–591, § 6(3), substituted “$5,000” for “$500”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–591, § 6(4), substituted “not more than $5,000” for “$500”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Transfer of Functions For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.