Legal corpus: the complete U.S. Code (59,740 sections, all 53 titles)

Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 10:51:44 -04:00
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+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1902a"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 116–283, div. G, title LVXXXV [LXXXV], § 8502(a)(1), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4746"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "33"
+chapter_name: "PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS"
+section: "1902a"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1902a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1902a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
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+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1902a - Repealed. Pub. L. 116–283, div. G, title LVXXXV [LXXXV], § 8502(a)(1), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4746
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 107–295, title II, § 204, Nov. 25, 2002, 116 Stat. 2094, related to discharge of agricultural cargo residue. See section 1902(e) of this title.
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1903"
+description: "Administration and enforcement"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "33"
+chapter_name: "PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS"
+section: "1903"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1903"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1903"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
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+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1903 - Administration and enforcement
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Duty of Secretary; Annexes of Convention applicable to seagoing vessels Unless otherwise specified in this chapter, the Secretary shall administer and enforce the MARPOL Protocol, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol, and this chapter. In the administration and enforcement of the MARPOL Protocol and this chapter, Annexes I and II of the Convention apply only to seagoing ships.
+
+(b) Duty of the Administrator In addition to other duties specified in this chapter, the Administrator and the Secretary, respectively, shall have the following duties and authorities:
+
+(1) The Administrator shall, and no other person may, issue Engine International Air Pollution Prevention certificates in accordance with Annex VI and the International Maritime Organization’s Technical Code on Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides from Marine Diesel Engines, on behalf of the United States for a vessel of the United States as that term is defined in section 116 of title 46. The issuance of Engine International Air Pollution Prevention certificates shall be consistent with any applicable requirements of the Clean Air Act [42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.] or regulations prescribed under that Act.
+
+(2) The Administrator shall have authority to administer regulations 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 of Annex VI to the Convention.
+
+(3) The Administrator shall, only as specified in section 1907(f) of this title, have authority to enforce Annex VI of the Convention.
+
+(c) Regulations; refuse record books; waste management plans; notification of crew and passengers (1) The Secretary shall prescribe any necessary or desired regulations to carry out the provisions of the MARPOL Protocol, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol, or this chapter.
+
+(2) In addition to the authority the Secretary has to prescribe regulations under this chapter, the Administrator shall also prescribe any necessary or desired regulations to carry out the provisions of regulations 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 of Annex VI to the Convention.
+
+(3) In prescribing any regulations under this section, the Secretary and the Administrator shall consult with each other, and with respect to regulation 19, with the Secretary of the Interior.
+
+(4) The Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating shall—
+
+(A) prescribe regulations which—
+
+(i) require certain ships described in section 1902(a)(1) of this title to maintain refuse record books and shipboard management plans, and to display placards which notify the crew and passengers of the requirements of Annex V to the Convention and of Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol; and
+
+(ii) specify the ships described in section 1902(a)(1) of this title to which the regulations apply;
+
+(B) seek an international agreement or international agreements which apply requirements equivalent to those described in subparagraph (A)(i) to all vessels subject to Annex V to the Convention; and
+
+(C) within 2 years after the effective date of this paragraph, report to the Congress—
+
+(i) regarding activities of the Secretary under subparagraph (B); and
+
+(ii) if the Secretary has not obtained agreements pursuant to subparagraph (B) regarding the desirability of applying the requirements described in subparagraph (A)(i) to all vessels described in section 1902(a) of this title which call at United States ports.
+
+(5) No standard issued by any person or Federal authority, with respect to emissions from tank vessels subject to regulation 15 of Annex VI to the Convention, shall be effective until 6 months after the required notification to the International Maritime Organization by the Secretary.
+
+(d) Utilization of personnel, facilities, or equipment of other Federal departments and agencies The Secretary may utilize by agreement, with or without reimbursement, personnel, facilities, or equipment of other Federal departments and agencies in administering the MARPOL Protocol, this chapter, or the regulations thereunder.
+
+(Pub. L. 96–478, § 4, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2298; Pub. L. 100–220, title II, § 2107, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1464; Pub. L. 104–227, title II, § 201(c), Oct. 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 3042; Pub. L. 110–280, § 5, July 21, 2008, 122 Stat. 2613.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Clean Air Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is act July 14, 1955, ch. 360, 69 Stat. 322, which is classified generally to chapter 85 (§ 7401 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7401 of Title 42 and Tables. The effective date of this paragraph, referred to in subsec. (c)(4)(C), is Dec. 31, 1988, the effective date of section 2107(b) of Pub. L. 100–220. See Effective Date of 1987 Amendment note below.
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–280, § 5(1), added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (c). Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–280 redesignated subsec. (b) as (c), added pars. (2), (3), and (5), and redesignated former par. (2) as (4). Former subsec. (c) redesignated (d). Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 110–280, § 5(1), redesignated subsec. (c) as (d). 1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(c)(1), inserted “, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol,” after “the MARPOL Protocol” in first sentence. Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(c)(2), inserted “, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol,” after “the MARPOL Protocol”. Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(c)(3), (4), struck out “within 1 year after the effective date of this paragraph,” before “prescribe” in introductory provisions and inserted “and of Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol” after “the Convention” in cl. (i). 1987—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–220, § 2107(a), amended subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) read as follows: “Unless otherwise specified herein, the Secretary shall administer and enforce the MARPOL Protocol and this chapter. In the administration and enforcement of the MARPOL Protocol and this chapter, Annexes I and II of the MARPOL Protocol shall be applicable only to seagoing ships.” Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–220, § 2107(b), designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–220 effective Dec. 31, 1988, the date on which Annex V to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, entered into force for the United States, see section 2002(a) of Pub. L. 100–220, set out as a note under section 1901 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSubsec. (b) of this section effective Oct. 21, 1980, see section 14(b) of Pub. L. 96–478, set out as a note under section 1901 of this title.
+
+Transfer of Functions For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1904"
+description: "Certificates"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "33"
+chapter_name: "PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS"
+section: "1904"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1904"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1904"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1904 - Certificates
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Issuance by authorized designees; restriction on issuance Except as provided in section 1903(b)(1) of this title, the Secretary shall designate those persons authorized to issue on behalf of the United States the certificates required by the MARPOL Protocol. A certificate required by the MARPOL Protocol shall not be issued to a ship which is registered in or of the nationality of a country which is not a party to the MARPOL Protocol.
+
+(b) Validity of foreign certificates A certificate issued by a country which is a party to the MARPOL Protocol has the same validity as a certificate issued by the Secretary or the Administrator under the authority of this chapter.
+
+(c) Location onboard vessel; inspection of vessels subject to jurisdiction of the United States A ship required by the MARPOL Protocol to have a certificate—
+
+(1) shall carry a valid certificate onboard in the manner prescribed by the authority issuing the certificate; and
+
+(2) is subject to inspection while in a port or terminal under the jurisdiction of the United States.
+
+(d) Onboard inspections; other Federal inspection authority unaffected An inspection conducted under subsection (c)(2) of this section is limited to verifying whether or not a valid certificate is onboard, unless clear grounds exist which reasonably indicate that the condition of the ship or its equipment does not substantially agree with the particulars of its certificate. This section shall not limit the authority of any official or employee of the United States under any other treaty, law, or regulation to board and inspect a ship or its equipment.
+
+(e) Detention orders; duration of detention; shipyard option In addition to the penalties prescribed in section 1908 of this title, a ship required by the MARPOL Protocol to have a certificate—
+
+(1) which does not have a valid certificate onboard; or
+
+(2) whose condition or whose equipment’s condition does not substantially agree with the particulars of the certificate onboard;
+
+shall be detained by order of the Secretary at the port or terminal where the violation is discovered until, in the opinion of the Secretary, the ship can proceed to sea without presenting an unreasonable threat of harm to the marine environment or the public health and welfare. The detention order may authorize the ship to proceed to the nearest appropriate available shipyard rather than remaining at the place where the violation was discovered.
+
+(f) Ship clearance; refusal or revocation If a ship is under a detention order under this section, the Secretary may refuse or revoke the clearance required by section 60105 of title 46.
+
+(g) Review of detention orders; petition; determination by Secretary A person whose ship is subject to a detention order under this section may petition the Secretary, in the manner prescribed by regulation, to review the detention order. Upon receipt of a petition under this subsection, the Secretary shall affirm, modify, or withdraw the detention order within the time prescribed by regulation.
+
+(h) Compensation for loss or damage A ship unreasonably detained or delayed by the Secretary acting under the authority of this chapter is entitled to compensation for any loss or damage suffered thereby.
+
+(Pub. L. 96–478, § 5, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2298; Pub. L. 110–280, § 6, July 21, 2008, 122 Stat. 2614; Pub. L. 115–232, div. C, title XXXV, § 3548(c), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2328.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2018—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 115–232 amended subsec. (f) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (f) related to refusal or revocation of ship clearance or permits. 2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–280, § 6(1), substituted “Except as provided in section 1903(b)(1) of this title, the Secretary” for “The Secretary”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–280, § 6(2), substituted “Secretary or the Administrator under the authority of this chapter.” for “Secretary under the authority of the MARPOL Protocol.” Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 110–280, § 6(3), substituted “environment or the public health and welfare.” for “environment.” in concluding provisions.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSubsec. (a) of this section effective Oct. 21, 1980, see section 14(b) of Pub. L. 96–478, set out as a note under section 1901 of this title.
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1905"
+description: "Pollution reception facilities"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "33"
+chapter_name: "PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS"
+section: "1905"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1905"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1905"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1905 - Pollution reception facilities
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Adequacy; criteria (1) The Secretary, after consultation with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, shall establish regulations setting criteria for determining the adequacy of a port’s or terminal’s reception facilities for mixtures containing oil or noxious liquid substances and shall establish procedures whereby a person in charge of a port or terminal may request the Secretary to certify that the port’s or terminal’s facilities for receiving the residues and mixtures containing oil or noxious liquid substance from seagoing ships are adequate.
+
+(2) The Secretary, after consulting with appropriate Federal agencies, shall establish regulations setting criteria for determining the adequacy of reception facilities for garbage at a port or terminal, and stating such additional measures and requirements as are appropriate to ensure such adequacy. Persons in charge of ports and terminals shall provide reception facilities, or ensure that such facilities are available, for receiving garbage in accordance with those regulations.
+
+(3) The Secretary and the Administrator, after consulting with appropriate Federal agencies, shall jointly prescribe regulations setting criteria for determining the adequacy of reception facilities for receiving ozone depleting substances, equipment containing such substances, and exhaust gas cleaning residues at a port or terminal, and stating any additional measures and requirements as are appropriate to ensure such adequacy. Persons in charge of ports and terminals shall provide reception facilities, or ensure that reception facilities are available, in accordance with those regulations. The Secretary and the Administrator may jointly prescribe regulations to certify, and may issue certificates to the effect, that a port’s or terminal’s facilities for receiving ozone depleting substances, equipment containing such substances, and exhaust gas cleaning residues from ships are adequate.
+
+(b) Traffic considerations In determining the adequacy of reception facilities required by the MARPOL Protocol or the Antarctic Protocol at a port or terminal, and in establishing regulations under subsection (a) of this section, the Secretary or the Administrator may consider, among other things, the number and types of ships or seagoing ships using the port or terminal, including their principal trades.
+
+(c) Certificate; issuance; validity; inspection; review of suspension or revocation by Secretary (1) If reception facilities of a port or terminal meet the requirements of Annex I and Annex II to the Convention and the regulations prescribed under subsection (a)(1), the Secretary shall, after consultation with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, issue a certificate to that effect to the applicant.
+
+(2) (A) Subject to subparagraph (B), if reception facilities of a port or terminal meet the requirements of Annex V to the Convention and the regulations prescribed under subsection (a)(2), the Secretary may, after consultation with appropriate Federal agencies, issue a certificate to that effect to the person in charge of the port or terminal.
+
+(B) The Secretary may not issue a certificate attesting to the adequacy of reception facilities under this paragraph unless, prior to the issuance of the certificate, the Secretary conducts an inspection of the reception facilities of the port or terminal that is the subject of the certificate.
+
+(C) The Secretary may, with respect to certificates issued under this paragraph prior to October 19, 1996, prescribe by regulation differing periods of validity for such certificates.
+
+(3) A certificate issued under this subsection—
+
+(A) is valid for the 5-year period beginning on the date of issuance of the certificate, except that if—
+
+(i) the charge for operation of the port or terminal is transferred to a person or entity other than the person or entity that is the operator on the date of issuance of the certificate—
+
+(I) the certificate shall expire on the date that is 30 days after the date of the transfer; and
+
+(II) the new operator shall be required to submit an application for a certificate before a certificate may be issued for the port or terminal; or
+
+(ii) the certificate is suspended or revoked by the Secretary, the certificate shall cease to be valid; and
+
+(B) shall be available for inspection upon the request of the master, other person in charge, or agent of a ship using or intending to use the port or terminal.
+
+(4) The suspension or revocation of a certificate issued under this subsection may be appealed to the Secretary and acted on by the Secretary in the manner prescribed by regulation.
+
+(d) Publication of list of certificated ports or terminals (1) The Secretary shall maintain a list of ports or terminals with respect to which a certificate issued under this section—
+
+(A) is in effect; or
+
+(B) has been revoked or suspended.
+
+(2) The Secretary shall make the list referred to in paragraph (1) available to the general public.
+
+(e) Entry; denial (1) Except in the case of force majeure, the Secretary shall deny entry to a seagoing ship required by the Convention or the Antarctic Protocol to retain onboard while at sea, residues and mixtures containing oil or noxious liquid substances, if—
+
+(A) the port or terminal is one required by Annexes I and II of the Convention or Article 9 of Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol or regulations hereunder to have adequate reception facilities; and
+
+(B) the port or terminal does not hold a valid certificate issued by the Secretary under this section.
+
+(2) The Secretary may deny the entry of a ship to a port or terminal required by the MARPOL Protocol, this chapter, or regulations prescribed under this section relating to the provision of adequate reception facilities for garbage, ozone depleting substances, equipment containing those substances, or exhaust gas cleaning residues, if the port or terminal is not in compliance with the MARPOL Protocol, this chapter, or those regulations.
+
+(f) Surveys (1) The Secretary and the Administrator are authorized to conduct surveys of existing reception facilities in the United States to determine measures needed to comply with the MARPOL Protocol or the Antarctic Protocol.
+
+(2) Not later than 18 months after October 19, 1996, the Secretary shall promulgate regulations that require the operator of each port or terminal that is subject to any requirement of the MARPOL Protocol relating to reception facilities to post a placard in a location that can easily be seen by port and terminal users. The placard shall state, at a minimum, that a user of a reception facility of the port or terminal should report to the Secretary any inadequacy of the reception facility.
+
+(Pub. L. 96–478, § 6, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2299; Pub. L. 100–220, title II, § 2103, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1461; Pub. L. 101–225, title II, § 201(1), Dec. 12, 1989, 103 Stat. 1910; Pub. L. 104–227, title II, § 201(d), Oct. 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 3042; Pub. L. 104–324, title VIII, § 801, Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3943; Pub. L. 110–280, § 7, July 21, 2008, 122 Stat. 2614.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 110–280, § 7(1), added par. (3). Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–280, § 7(2), inserted “or the Administrator” after “Secretary”. Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 110–280, § 7(3), added par. (2) and struck out former par. (2). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The Secretary may deny the entry of a ship to a port or terminal required by regulations issued under this section to provide adequate reception facilities for garbage if the port or terminal is not in compliance with those regulations.” Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 110–280, § 7(4), substituted “Secretary and the Administrator are” for “Secretary is”. Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 110–280, § 7(5), struck out subpar. (A) designation before “Not later”. 1996—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(d)(1), inserted “or the Antarctic Protocol” after “the MARPOL Protocol”. Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 104–324, § 801(a)(1), (2), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A), substituted “Subject to subparagraph (B), if” for “If”, and added subpars. (B) and (C). Subsec. (c)(3)(A). Pub. L. 104–324, § 801(a)(3), added subpar. (A) and struck out former subpar. (A) which read as follows: “is valid until suspended or revoked by the Secretary for cause or because of changed conditions; and”. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 104–324, § 801(a)(4), added subsec. (d) and struck out former subsec. (d) which read as follows: “The Secretary shall periodically cause to be published in the Federal Register a list of the ports or terminals holding a valid certificate issued under this section.” Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(d)(2), (3), inserted “or the Antarctic Protocol” after “the Convention” in introductory provisions and inserted “or Article 9 of Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol” after “the Convention” in subpar. (A). Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 104–324, § 801(b), designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2)(A). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(d)(4), inserted “or the Antarctic Protocol” after “the MARPOL Protocol”. 1989—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 101–225 substituted “Annex I and Annex II” for “Annex V”. 1987—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–220, § 2103(a), designated existing provisions as par. (1), substituted “a port’s or terminal’s reception facilities for mixtures containing oil or noxious liquid substances” for “reception facilities of a port or terminal”, and added par. (2). Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–220, § 2103(b), inserted “and in establishing regulations under subsection (a) of this section,” and “ships or”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–220, § 2103(c), amended subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (c) read as follows: “If, upon inspection, reception facilities of a port or terminal are adequate to meet the requirements of the MARPOL Protocol and the regulations established hereunder, the Secretary shall, after consultation with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, issue a certificate to that effect to the applicant. A certificate issued under this subsection— “(1) is valid until suspended or revoked by the Secretary for cause or because of changed conditions; and “(2) shall be available for inspection upon the request of the master, other person in charge, or agent of a seagoing ship using or intending to use the port or terminal. The suspension or revocation of a certificate issued under this subsection may be appealed to the Secretary and acted on by him in the manner prescribed by regulation.” Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 100–220, § 2103(d), designated existing provisions as par. (1), redesignated former pars. (1) and (2) as subpars. (A) and (B), respectively, in subpar. (A), substituted “Annexes I and II of the Convention” for “the MARPOL Protocol”, and added par. (2).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–220 effective Dec. 31, 1988, the date on which Annex V to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, entered into force for the United States, see section 2002(a) of Pub. L. 100–220, set out as a note under section 1901 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSubsecs. (a), (c), and (f) of this section effective Oct. 21, 1980, see section 14(b) of Pub. L. 96–478, set out as a note under section 1901 of this title.
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1906"
+description: "Incidents involving ships"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "33"
+chapter_name: "PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS"
+section: "1906"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1906"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1906"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "210913b46a768d2030d1f29c0359977cb4025e97699ad15187e0ea6d13f1c639"
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+text_hash: "710d98789264ddd2efae7e761495a3b0fb5102bd6a059e0f3ed16837efd672e7"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1906 - Incidents involving ships
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Requirement to report incident The master, person in charge, owner, charterer, manager, or operator of a ship involved in an incident shall report the incident in the manner prescribed by Article 8 of the Convention in accordance with regulations promulgated by the Secretary for that purpose.
+
+(b) Requirement to report discharge, probable discharge, or presence of oil The master or person in charge of—
+
+(1) a ship of United States registry or nationality, or operated under the authority of the United States, wherever located;
+
+(2) another ship while in the navigable waters of the United States; or
+
+(3) a sea port or oil handling facility subject to the jurisdiction of the United States,
+
+shall report a discharge, probable discharge, or presence of oil in the manner prescribed by Article 4 of the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Cooperation, 1990 (adopted at London, November 30, 1990), in accordance with regulations promulgated by the Secretary for that purpose.
+
+(Pub. L. 96–478, § 7, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2300; Pub. L. 102–241, § 39, Dec. 19, 1991, 105 Stat. 2225.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1991—Pub. L. 102–241 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section read as follows: “(a) As soon as he has knowledge of an incident, the master or other person in charge of a ship shall report it to the Secretary in the manner prescribed by Article 8 of the Convention. “(b) Upon receipt of the report of an incident involving a ship, other than one of United States registry or nationality or one operated under the authority of the United States, the Secretary shall take the action required by Article 8 of the Convention.”
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1907"
+description: "Violations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "33"
+chapter_name: "PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS"
+section: "1907"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1907"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1907"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "3cadb57978797a880336b1ffb9803c748083268c5ddcfece4c0d24f9160c0847"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1907 - Violations
+
+## Text
+
+(a) General prohibition; cooperation and enforcement; detection and monitoring measures; reports; evidence It is unlawful to act in violation of the MARPOL Protocol, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol, this chapter, or the regulations issued thereunder. The Secretary shall cooperate with other parties to the MARPOL Protocol or to the Antarctic Protocol in the detection of violations and in enforcement of the MARPOL Protocol and Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol. The Secretary shall use all appropriate and practical measures of detection and environmental monitoring, and shall establish adequate procedures for reporting violations and accumulating evidence.
+
+(b) Investigations; subpenas: issuance by Secretary, enforcement; action by Secretary; information to party Upon receipt of evidence that a violation has occurred, the Secretary shall cause the matter to be investigated. In any investigation under this section the Secretary may issue subpenas to require the attendance of any witness and the production of documents and other evidence. In case of refusal to obey a subpena issued to any person, the Secretary may request the Attorney General to invoke the aid of the appropriate district court of the United States to compel compliance. Upon completion of the investigation, the Secretary shall take the action required by the MARPOL Protocol or the Antarctic Protocol and whatever further action he considers appropriate under the circumstances. If the initial evidence was provided by a party to the MARPOL Protocol or the Antarctic Protocol, the Secretary, acting through the Secretary of State, shall inform that party of the action taken or proposed.
+
+(c) Ship inspections; reports to Secretary; additional action (1) This subsection applies to inspections relating to possible violations of Annex I or Annex II to the Convention, of Article 3 or Article 4 of Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol, or of this chapter by any seagoing ship referred to in section 1902(a)(2) of this title.
+
+(2) While at a port or terminal subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, a ship to which the MARPOL Protocol or the Antarctic Protocol applies may be inspected by the Secretary—
+
+(A) to verify whether or not the ship has discharged a harmful substance in violation of the MARPOL Protocol, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol, or this chapter; or
+
+(B) to comply with a request from a party to the MARPOL Protocol or the Antarctic Protocol for an investigation as to whether the ship may have discharged a harmful substance anywhere in violation of the MARPOL Protocol or Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol. An investigation may be undertaken under this clause only when the requesting party has furnished sufficient evidence to allow the Secretary reasonably to believe that a discharge has occurred.
+
+If an inspection under this subsection indicates that a violation has occurred, the investigating officer shall forward a report to the Secretary for appropriate action. The Secretary shall undertake to notify the master of the ship concerned and, acting in coordination with the Secretary of State, shall take any additional action required by Article 6 of the Convention.
+
+(d) Garbage disposal inspections; covered ships; enforcement actions (1) The Secretary may inspect a ship referred to in section 1902(a)(3) of this title to verify whether the ship has disposed of garbage in violation of Annex V to the Convention, Article 5 of Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol, or this chapter.
+
+(2) If an inspection under this subsection indicates that a violation has occurred, the Secretary may undertake enforcement action under section 1908 of this title.
+
+(e) Harmful substance or garbage disposal inspections; covered ships; enforcement actions (1) The Secretary may inspect at any time a ship of United States registry or nationality or operating under the authority of the United States to which the MARPOL Protocol or the Antarctic Protocol applies to verify whether the ship has discharged a harmful substance or disposed of garbage in violation of those Protocols or this chapter.
+
+(2) If an inspection under this subsection indicates that a violation of the MARPOL Protocol, of Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol, or of this chapter has occurred the Secretary may undertake enforcement action under section 1908 of this title.
+
+(f) Inspections; enforcement (1) The Secretary may inspect a ship to which this chapter applies as provided under section 1902(a)(5) of this title, to verify whether the ship is in compliance with Annex VI to the Convention and this chapter.
+
+(2) If an inspection under this subsection or any other information indicates that a violation has occurred, the Secretary, or the Administrator in a matter referred by the Secretary, may undertake enforcement action under this section.
+
+(3) Notwithstanding subsection (b) and paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Administrator shall have all of the authorities of the Secretary, as specified in subsection (b) of this section, for the purposes of enforcing regulations 17 and 18 of Annex VI to the Convention to the extent that shoreside violations are the subject of the action and in any other matter referred to the Administrator by the Secretary.
+
+(Pub. L. 96–478, § 8, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2300; Pub. L. 100–220, title II, § 2104, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1462; Pub. L. 101–225, title II, § 201(2), (3), Dec. 12, 1989, 103 Stat. 1910; Pub. L. 104–227, title II, § 201(e), Oct. 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 3043; Pub. L. 110–280, § 8, July 21, 2008, 122 Stat. 2614.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 110–280 amended subsec. (f) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “Remedies and requirements of this chapter supplement and neither amend nor repeal any other provisions of law, except as expressly provided in this chapter. Nothing in this chapter shall limit, deny, amend, modify, or repeal any other remedy available to the United States or any other person, except as expressly provided in this chapter.” 1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(e)(1), (2), inserted “Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol,” after “violation of the MARPOL Protocol,”, “or to the Antarctic Protocol” after “to the MARPOL Protocol”, and “and Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol” after “enforcement of the MARPOL Protocol”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(e)(3), inserted “or the Antarctic Protocol” after “MARPOL Protocol” in two places. Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(e)(4), inserted “, of Article 3 or Article 4 of Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol,” after “to the Convention”. Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(e)(5), (6), inserted “or the Antarctic Protocol” after “which the MARPOL Protocol” in introductory provisions, “, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol,” after “MARPOL Protocol” in subpar. (A), and “or the Antarctic Protocol” after “to the MARPOL Protocol” and “or Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol” after “of the MARPOL Protocol” in subpar. (B). Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(e)(8), inserted “, Article 5 of Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol,” after “Convention”. Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(e)(9), inserted “or the Antarctic Protocol” after “MARPOL Protocol” and substituted “those Protocols” for “that Protocol”. Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(e)(10), inserted “, of Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol,” after “MARPOL Protocol”. 1989—Subsecs. (c)(1), (e)(2). Pub. L. 101–225 inserted “or of this chapter”. 1987—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–220, § 2104(a), added par. (1), designated existing provisions as par. (2), redesignated former pars. (1) and (2) as subpars. (A) and (B), respectively, and in closing provisions of par. (2) substituted “The” for “If a report made under this subsection involves a ship, other than one of United States registry or nationality or one operated under the authority of the United States, the”. Subsecs. (d) to (f). Pub. L. 100–220, § 2104(b), added subsecs. (d) and (e) and redesignated former subsec. (d) as (f).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–220 effective Dec. 31, 1988, the date on which Annex V to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, entered into force for the United States, see section 2002(a) of Pub. L. 100–220, set out as a note under section 1901 of this title.
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1908"
+description: "Penalties for violations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "33"
+chapter_name: "PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS"
+section: "1908"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1908"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1908"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "4539740255c2f358d4c22fb6eba7fa10e549aecbbe623f6dadb86363d2a99627"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1908 - Penalties for violations
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Criminal penalties; payment for information leading to conviction A person who knowingly violates the MARPOL Protocol, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol, this chapter, or the regulations issued thereunder commits a class D felony. In the discretion of the Court, an amount equal to not more than ½ of such fine may be paid to the person giving information leading to conviction.
+
+(b) Civil penalties; separate violations; assessment notice; considerations affecting amount; payment for information leading to assessment of penalty A person who is found by the Secretary, or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, to have—
+
+(1) violated the MARPOL Protocol, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol, this chapter, or the regulations issued thereunder shall be liable to the United States for a civil penalty, not to exceed $25,000 for each violation; or
+
+(2) made a false, fictitious, or fraudulent statement or representation in any matter in which a statement or representation is required to be made to the Secretary, or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter, under the MARPOL Protocol, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol, this chapter, or the regulations thereunder, shall be liable to the United States for a civil penalty, not to exceed $5,000 for each statement or representation.
+
+Each day of a continuing violation shall constitute a separate violation. The amount of the civil penalty shall be assessed by the Secretary, or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter or his designee, by written notice. In determining the amount of the penalty, the Secretary, or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter, shall take into account the nature, circumstances, extent, and gravity of the prohibited acts committed and, with respect to the violator, the degree of culpability, any history of prior offenses, ability to pay, and other matters as justice may require. An amount equal to not more than ½ of such penalties may be paid by the Secretary, or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter, to the person giving information leading to the assessment of such penalties.
+
+(c) Abatement of civil penalties; collection by Attorney General The Secretary, or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter, may compromise, modify, or remit, with or without conditions, any civil penalty which is subject to assessment or which has been assessed under this section. If any person fails to pay an assessment of a civil penalty after it has become final, the Secretary, or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter, may refer the matter to the Attorney General of the United States for collection in any appropriate district court of the United States.
+
+(d) Liability in rem; district court jurisdiction A ship operated in violation of the MARPOL Protocol, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol, this chapter, or the regulations thereunder is liable in rem for any fine imposed under subsection (a) or civil penalty assessed pursuant to subsection (b), and may be proceeded against in the United States district court of any district in which the ship may be found.
+
+(e) Ship clearance or permits; refusal or revocation; bond or other surety If any ship subject to the MARPOL Protocol, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol, or this chapter, its owner, operator, or person in charge is liable for a fine or civil penalty under this section, or if reasonable cause exists to believe that the ship, its owner, operator, or person in charge may be subject to a fine or civil penalty under this section, the Secretary of the Treasury, upon the request of the Secretary, shall refuse or revoke the clearance required by section 60105 of title 46. Clearance may be granted upon the filing of a bond or other surety satisfactory to the Secretary.
+
+(f) Referrals for appropriate action by foreign country Notwithstanding subsection (a), (b), or (d) of this section, if the violation is by a ship registered in or of the nationality of a country party to the MARPOL Protocol or the Antarctic Protocol, or one operated under the authority of a country party to the MARPOL Protocol or the Antarctic Protocol, the Secretary, or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter acting in coordination with the Secretary of State, may refer the matter to the government of the country of the ship’s registry or nationality, or under whose authority the ship is operating for appropriate action, rather than taking the actions required or authorized by this section.
+
+(g) Deposits in Abandoned Seafarers Fund Any penalty collected under subsection (a) or (b) that is not paid under that subsection to the person giving information leading to the conviction or assessment of such penalties shall be deposited in the Abandoned Seafarers Fund established under section 11113 of title 46.
+
+(Pub. L. 96–478, § 9, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2301; Pub. L. 100–220, title II, § 2105, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1463; Pub. L. 101–380, title IV, § 4302(n), Aug. 18, 1990, 104 Stat. 539; Pub. L. 103–182, title VI, § 688, Dec. 8, 1993, 107 Stat. 2222; Pub. L. 104–227, title II, § 201(f), Oct. 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 3043; Pub. L. 110–280, § 10, July 21, 2008, 122 Stat. 2615; Pub. L. 113–281, title III, § 320(c), Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 3054.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification In subsec. (e), “section 60105 of title 46” substituted for “section 4197 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (46 U.S.C. App. 91)” on authority of Pub. L. 109–304, § 18(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1709, which Act enacted section 60105 of Title 46, Shipping.
+
+Amendments2014—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 113–281 added subsec. (g). 2008—Pub. L. 110–280, § 10(1), substituted “MARPOL Protocol,” for “MARPOL Protocol,,” wherever appearing in subsecs. (a), (b), and (d). Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–280, § 10(2)(C), in concluding provisions, inserted “or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter” after “Secretary,” and “, or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter,” after “Secretary” in two places. Pub. L. 110–280, § 10(2)(A), in introductory provisions, inserted “or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter,” after “Secretary,”. Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 110–280, § 10(2)(B), inserted “, or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter,” after “Secretary”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–280, § 10(3), inserted “, or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter,” after “Secretary” in two places. Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 110–280, § 10(4), inserted “or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter” after “Secretary,”. 1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(f)(1), inserted “, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol,” after “MARPOL Protocol,”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(f)(2), (3), inserted “, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol,” after “MARPOL Protocol,” in pars. (1) and (2). Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(f)(4), inserted “, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol,” after “MARPOL Protocol,”. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(f)(5), inserted “, Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol,” after “MARPOL Protocol”. Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 104–227, § 201(f)(6), inserted “or the Antarctic Protocol” after “MARPOL Protocol” in two places. 1993—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 103–182 substituted “shall refuse or revoke the clearance required by section 91 of title 46, Appendix. Clearance may be granted upon the filing of a bond or other surety satisfactory to the Secretary.” for “shall refuse or revoke— “(1) the clearance required by section 91 of title 46, Appendix; or “(2) a permit to proceed under section 313 of title 46, Appendix, or section 1443 of title 19. Clearance or a permit to proceed may be granted upon the filing of a bond or other surety satisfactory to the Secretary.” 1990—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–380 substituted “commits a class D felony” for “shall, for each violation, be fined not more than $50,000 or be imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both”. 1987—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–220, § 2105(a)(1), inserted at end “In the discretion of the Court, an amount equal to not more than ½ of such fine may be paid to the person giving information leading to conviction.” Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–220, § 2105(a)(2), inserted at end “An amount equal to not more than ½ of such penalties may be paid by the Secretary to the person giving information leading to the assessment of such penalties.” Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 100–220, § 2105(b), substituted “to the government of the country of the ship’s registry or nationality, or under whose authority the ship is operating” for “to that country”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1990 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 101–380 applicable to incidents occurring after Aug. 18, 1990, see section 1020 of Pub. L. 101–380, set out as an Effective Date note under section 2701 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–220 effective Dec. 31, 1988, the date on which Annex V to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, entered into force for the United States, see section 2002(a) of Pub. L. 100–220, set out as a note under section 1901 of this title.
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1909"
+description: "MARPOL Protocol; proposed amendments"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "33"
+chapter_name: "PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS"
+section: "1909"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1909"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1909"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1909 - MARPOL Protocol; proposed amendments
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Acceptance of certain amendments by the President A proposed amendment to the MARPOL Protocol received by the United States from the Secretary-General of the International Maritime Organization pursuant to Article VI of the MARPOL Protocol, may be accepted on behalf of the United States by the President following the advice and consent of the Senate, except as provided for in subsection (b) of this section.
+
+(b) Action on certain amendments by the Secretary of State A proposed amendment to Annex I, II, V, or VI to the Convention, appendices to those Annexes, or Protocol I of the Convention received by the United States from the Secretary-General of the International Maritime Organization pursuant to Article VI of the MARPOL Protocol, may be the subject of appropriate action on behalf of the United States by the Secretary of State following consultation with the Secretary, or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter, who shall inform the Secretary of State as to what action he considers appropriate at least 30 days prior to the expiration of the period specified in Article VI of the MARPOL Protocol during which objection may be made to any amendment received.
+
+(c) Declaration of nonacceptance by the Secretary of State Following consultation with the Secretary, the Secretary of State may make a declaration that the United States does not accept an amendment proposed pursuant to Article VI of the MARPOL Protocol.
+
+(Pub. L. 96–478, § 10, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2302; Pub. L. 100–220, title II, § 2106, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1463; Pub. L. 110–280, § 9, July 21, 2008, 122 Stat. 2615.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–280 substituted “Annex I, II, V, or VI” for “Annex I, II, or V” and inserted “or the Administrator as provided for in this chapter,” after “Secretary,”. 1987—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–220, § 2106(1), substituted “International Maritime Organization” for “Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–220, § 2106(2), substituted “Annex I, II, or V to the Convention, appendices to those Annexes, or Protocol I of the Convention” for “Annex I or II, appendices to the Annexes, or Protocol I of the MARPOL Protocol,” and “International Maritime Organization” for “Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–220 effective Dec. 31, 1988, the date on which Annex V to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, entered into force for the United States, see section 2002(a) of Pub. L. 100–220, set out as a note under section 1901 of this title.
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1910"
+description: "Legal actions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "33"
+chapter_name: "PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS"
+section: "1910"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1910"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1910"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1910 - Legal actions
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Persons with adversely affected interests as plaintiffs; defendants Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, any person having an interest which is, or can be, adversely affected, may bring an action on his own behalf—
+
+(1) against any person alleged to be in violation of the provisions of this chapter, or regulations issued hereunder;
+
+(2) against the Secretary where there is alleged a failure of the Secretary to perform any act or duty under this chapter which is not discretionary with the Secretary;
+
+(3) against the Administrator where there is alleged a failure of the Administrator to perform any act or duty under this chapter which is not discretionary; or
+
+(4) against the Secretary of the Treasury where there is alleged a failure of the Secretary of the Treasury to take action under section 1908(e) of this title.
+
+(b) Commencement conditions No action may be commenced under subsection (a) of this section—
+
+(1) prior to 60 days after the plaintiff has given notice, in writing and under oath, to the alleged violator, the Secretary concerned or the Administrator, and the Attorney General; or
+
+(2) if the Secretary or the Administrator has commenced enforcement or penalty action with respect to the alleged violation and is conducting such procedures diligently.
+
+(c) Venue Any suit brought under this section shall be brought—
+
+(1) in a case concerning an onshore facility or port, in the United States district court for the judicial district where the onshore facility or port is located;
+
+(2) in a case concerning an offshore facility or offshore structure under the jurisdiction of the United States, in the United States district court for the judicial district nearest the offshore facility or offshore structure;
+
+(3) in a case concerning a ship, in the United States district court for any judicial district wherein the ship or its owner or operator may be found; or
+
+(4) in any case, in the District Court for the District of Columbia.
+
+(d) Costs; attorney fees; witness fees The court, in issuing any final order in any action brought pursuant to this section, may award costs of litigation (including reasonable attorney and expert witness fees) to any party including the Federal Government.
+
+(e) Federal intervention In any action brought under this section, if the Secretary or Attorney General are not parties of record, the United States, through the Attorney General, shall have the right to intervene.
+
+(Pub. L. 96–478, § 11, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2302; Pub. L. 110–280, § 12, July 21, 2008, 122 Stat. 2615.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (a)(3), (4). Pub. L. 110–280, § 12(1), added par. (3) and redesignated former par. (3) as (4). Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 110–280, § 12(2), substituted “concerned or the Administrator,” for “concerned,”. Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 110–280, § 12(3), inserted “or the Administrator” after “Secretary”.
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1911"
+description: "Effect on other laws"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "33"
+chapter_name: "PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS"
+section: "1911"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1911"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1911"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "964aac13a4914b0cc3f1d67fe91131c915b271f4657a75a7ef3fcfe77a6ffe07"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "de3d130b31eae77f8c0fc593f61b7287899297718d678d500eea123559828523"
+text_hash: "1cdbb4548deefa228d2afbab318bd8baeb1182904d4121049c77a9bc0d05ffe1"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1911 - Effect on other laws
+
+## Text
+
+Authorities, requirements, and remedies of this chapter supplement and neither amend nor repeal any other authorities, requirements, or remedies conferred by any other provision of law. Nothing in this chapter shall limit, deny, amend, modify, or repeal any other authority, requirement, or remedy available to the United States or any other person, except as expressly provided in this chapter.
+
+(Pub. L. 96–478, § 15, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2303; Pub. L. 110–280, § 11, July 21, 2008, 122 Stat. 2615.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2008—Pub. L. 110–280 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section read as follows: “Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as limiting, diminishing, or otherwise restricting any of the authority of the Secretary under the Port and Tanker Safety Act of 1978.”
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1912"
+description: "International law"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "33"
+chapter_name: "PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS"
+section: "1912"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1912"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1912"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "601683f0e36b4d5416b77b2088dc3d45a479fe13397e419f7c1ca1fcfa196905"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "de3d130b31eae77f8c0fc593f61b7287899297718d678d500eea123559828523"
+text_hash: "e5a141bc2f0bdffcb327a528fcc8b920c16e92bec3bedc77683ac0b32c773fea"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1912 - International law
+
+## Text
+
+Any action taken under this chapter shall be taken in accordance with international law.
+
+(Pub. L. 96–478, § 17, as added Pub. L. 100–220, title II, § 2108, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1464.)
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1913"
+description: "Compliance reports"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "33"
+chapter_name: "PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS"
+section: "1913"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1913"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1913"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "2117bd04cdaf4c41183a4f3dd5167407320d988bc0d918f52e1732dc67b53f15"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "de3d130b31eae77f8c0fc593f61b7287899297718d678d500eea123559828523"
+text_hash: "28548b5383d8f2d24e16b480afabfade2d706dab265bd870709c686df0012bf1"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1913 - Compliance reports
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In general Within 1 year after the effective date of this section, and triennially thereafter, the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating, in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of Commerce, shall report to the Congress regarding compliance with Annex V to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, in United States waters and, not later than 1 year after October 19, 1996, and annually thereafter, shall publish in the Federal Register a list of the enforcement actions taken against any domestic or foreign ship (including any commercial or recreational ship) pursuant to the Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships (33 U.S.C. 1901 et seq.).
+
+(b) Report on inability to comply Within 3 years after the effective date of this section, the head of each Federal agency that operates or contracts for the operation of any ship referred to in section 3(b)(1)(A) of the Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships [33 U.S.C. 1902(b)(1)(A)] that may not be able to comply with the requirements of that section shall report to the Congress describing—
+
+(1) the technical and operational impediments to achieving that compliance;
+
+(2) an alternative schedule for achieving that compliance as rapidly as is technologically feasible;
+
+(3) the ships operated or contracted for operation by the agency for which full compliance with section 3(b)(2)(A) [33 U.S.C. 1902(b)(2)(A)] is not technologically feasible; and
+
+(4) any other information which the agency head considers relevant and appropriate.
+
+(c) Congressional action Upon receipt of the compliance report under subsection (b), the Congress shall modify the applicability of Annex V to ships referred to in section 3(b)(1)(A) of the Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships [33 U.S.C. 1902(b)(1)(A)], as may be appropriate with respect to the requirements of Annex V to the Convention.
+
+(Pub. L. 100–220, title II, § 2201, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1464; Pub. L. 104–66, title I, § 1121(c), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 724; Pub. L. 104–324, title VIII, § 802(a), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3944.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextFor effective date of this section, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), see section 2002 of Pub. L. 100–220, set out as an Effective Date of 1987 Amendment note under section 1901 of this title. The Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 96–478, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2297, which is classified principally to this chapter (§ 1901 et seq.). For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1901 of this title and Tables.
+
+Codification Section was formerly set out as a note under section 1902 of this title. Section was enacted as part of the Marine Plastic Pollution Research and Control Act of 1987 and as part of the United States-Japan Fishery Agreement Approval Act of 1987, and not as part of the Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships which comprises this chapter.
+
+Amendments1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–324 struck out “for a period of 6 years” after “triennially thereafter” and inserted “and, not later than 1 year after October 19, 1996, and annually thereafter, shall publish in the Federal Register a list of the enforcement actions taken against any domestic or foreign ship (including any commercial or recreational ship) pursuant to the Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships (33 U.S.C. 1901 et seq.)” before period at end. 1995—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–66 substituted “triennially” for “biennially”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Transfer of Functions For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1914"
+description: "Transferred"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "33"
+chapter_name: "PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS"
+section: "1914"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1914"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1914"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "168edbfbc26b94bd67462f60bdbe611133aeda0308fdca4534e52b98b06d15ae"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "de3d130b31eae77f8c0fc593f61b7287899297718d678d500eea123559828523"
+text_hash: "785d30893ad219892f53e58161d1a37a44e130bc83c875c767802df767b3128a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1914 - Transferred
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 100–220, title II, § 2203, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1466; Pub. L. 104–324, title VIII, § 802(b), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3944; Pub. L. 109–449, § 5(a), Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3337, was redesignated section 5 of Pub. L. 109–449 and transferred to section 1954 of this title.
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "33 U.S.C. § 1915"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 112–213, title VI, § 604(d), Dec. 20, 2012, 126 Stat. 1577"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 33
+title_name: "NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS"
+chapter_number: "33"
+chapter_name: "PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS"
+section: "1915"
+citation: "33 U.S.C. § 1915"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc33@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t33/s1915"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-33/usc33.xml"
+source_hash: "72fd455e49690d9c30a87037cb47642eb3cfb2bb53a2a381463d5e0a3026197f"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "de3d130b31eae77f8c0fc593f61b7287899297718d678d500eea123559828523"
+text_hash: "b7bdeba7a6a3bd52023294746f3930f0bc6f540316082cfc04a8fcee432b57d5"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 33 U.S.C. § 1915 - Repealed. Pub. L. 112–213, title VI, § 604(d), Dec. 20, 2012, 126 Stat. 1577
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 100–220, title II, § 2204, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1466; Pub. L. 104–324, title VIII, § 802(c), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3945, related to creation of a plastic pollution public education program.