Legal corpus: the complete U.S. Code (59,740 sections, all 53 titles)

Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 10:51:44 -04:00
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+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "34 U.S.C. § 40902"
+description: "Findings"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 34
+title_name: "CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT"
+chapter_number: "409"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL INSTANT CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK SYSTEM"
+section: "40902"
+citation: "34 U.S.C. § 40902"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc34@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t34/s40902"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-34/usc34.xml"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 34 U.S.C. § 40902 - Findings
+
+## Text
+
+Congress finds the following:
+
+(1) Approximately 916,000 individuals were prohibited from purchasing a firearm for failing a background check between November 30, 1998, (the date the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) began operating) and December 31, 2004.
+
+(2) From November 30, 1998, through December 31, 2004, nearly 49,000,000 Brady background checks were processed through NICS.
+
+(3) Although most Brady background checks are processed through NICS in seconds, many background checks are delayed if the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) does not have automated access to complete information from the States concerning persons prohibited from possessing or receiving a firearm under Federal or State law.
+
+(4) Nearly 21,000,000 criminal records are not accessible by NICS and millions of criminal records are missing critical data, such as arrest dispositions, due to data backlogs.
+
+(5) The primary cause of delay in NICS background checks is the lack of—
+
+(A) updates and available State criminal disposition records; and
+
+(B) automated access to information concerning persons prohibited from possessing or receiving a firearm because of mental illness, restraining orders, or misdemeanor convictions for domestic violence.
+
+(6) Automated access to this information can be improved by—
+
+(A) computerizing information relating to criminal history, criminal dispositions, mental illness, restraining orders, and misdemeanor convictions for domestic violence; or
+
+(B) making such information available to NICS in a usable format.
+
+(7) Helping States to automate these records will reduce delays for law-abiding gun purchasers.
+
+(8) On March 12, 2002, the senseless shooting, which took the lives of a priest and a parishioner at the Our Lady of Peace Church in Lynbrook, New York, brought attention to the need to improve information-sharing that would enable Federal and State law enforcement agencies to conduct a complete background check on a potential firearm purchaser. The man who committed this double murder had a prior disqualifying mental health commitment and a restraining order against him, but passed a Brady background check because NICS did not have the necessary information to determine that he was ineligible to purchase a firearm under Federal or State law.
+
+(9) On April 16, 2007, a student with a history of mental illness at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University shot to death 32 students and faculty members, wounded 17 more, and then took his own life. The shooting, the deadliest campus shooting in United States history, renewed the need to improve information-sharing that would enable Federal and State law enforcement agencies to conduct complete background checks on potential firearms purchasers. In spite of a proven history of mental illness, the shooter was able to purchase the two firearms used in the shooting. Improved coordination between State and Federal authorities could have ensured that the shooter’s disqualifying mental health information was available to NICS.
+
+(Pub. L. 110–180, § 2, Jan. 8, 2008, 121 Stat. 2559.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified in a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "34 U.S.C. § 40903"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 34
+title_name: "CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT"
+chapter_number: "409"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL INSTANT CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK SYSTEM"
+section: "40903"
+citation: "34 U.S.C. § 40903"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc34@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t34/s40903"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-34/usc34.xml"
+source_hash: "304eae9357cf386e662c28da8e170a3243eaf5d2ed9f543938d74a2c3dbe3711"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 34 U.S.C. § 40903 - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+As used in this chapter, the following definitions shall apply:
+
+(1) Court order The term “court order” includes a court order (as described in section 922(g)(8) of title 18).
+
+(2) Mental health terms The terms “adjudicated as a mental defective” and “committed to a mental institution” have the same meanings as in section 922(g)(4) of title 18.
+
+(3) Misdemeanor crime of domestic violence The term “misdemeanor crime of domestic violence” has the meaning given the term in section 921(a)(33) of title 18.
+
+(Pub. L. 110–180, § 3, Jan. 8, 2008, 121 Stat. 2560.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified in a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "34 U.S.C. § 40912"
+description: "Requirements to obtain waiver"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 34
+title_name: "CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT"
+chapter_number: "409"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL INSTANT CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK SYSTEM"
+section: "40912"
+citation: "34 U.S.C. § 40912"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc34@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t34/s40912"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-34/usc34.xml"
+source_hash: "d864c10b971ade7831256f3a03803c650f9f5d589d88d86b6a0ec6c6541919de"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 34 U.S.C. § 40912 - Requirements to obtain waiver
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In general Beginning 3 years after January 8, 2008, a State shall be eligible to receive a waiver of the 10 percent matching requirement for National Criminal History Improvement Grants under section 40301 of this title if the State is in compliance with an implementation plan established under subsection (b) or provides at least 90 percent of the information described in subsection (c). The length of such a waiver shall not exceed 2 years.
+
+(b) State estimates (1) Initial state estimate (A) In general To assist the Attorney General in making a determination under subsection (a) of this section, and under section 40914 of this title, concerning the compliance of the States in providing information to the Attorney General for the purpose of receiving a waiver under subsection (a) of this section, or facing a loss of funds under section 40914 of this title, by a date not later than 180 days after January 8, 2008, each State shall provide the Attorney General with a reasonable estimate, as calculated by a method determined by the Attorney General and in accordance with section 40914(d) of this title, of the number of the records described in subparagraph (C) applicable to such State that concern persons who are prohibited from possessing or receiving a firearm under subsection (g) or (n) of section 922 of title 18.
+
+(B) Failure to provide initial estimate A State that fails to provide an estimate described in subparagraph (A) by the date required under such subparagraph shall be ineligible to receive any funds under section 40913 of this title, until such date as it provides such estimate to the Attorney General or has established an implementation plan under section 40917 of this title.
+
+(C) Record defined For purposes of subparagraph (A), a record is the following:
+
+(i) A record that identifies a person who has been convicted in any court of a crime punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding 1 year.
+
+(ii) A record that identifies a person for whom an indictment has been returned for a crime punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding 1 year that is valid under the laws of the State involved or who is a fugitive from justice, as of the date of the estimate, and for which a record of final disposition is not available.
+
+(iii) A record that identifies a person who is an unlawful user of, or addicted to a controlled substance (as such terms “unlawful user” and “addicted” are respectively defined in regulations implementing section 922(g)(3) of title 18 as in effect on January 8, 2008) as demonstrated by arrests, convictions, and adjudications, and whose record is not protected from disclosure to the Attorney General under any provision of State or Federal law.
+
+(iv) A record that identifies a person who has been adjudicated as a mental defective or committed to a mental institution, consistent with section 922(g)(4) of title 18 and whose record is not protected from disclosure to the Attorney General under any provision of State or Federal law.
+
+(v) A record that is electronically available and that identifies a person who, as of the date of such estimate, is subject to a court order described in section 922(g)(8) of title 18.
+
+(vi) A record that is electronically available and that identifies a person convicted in any court of a misdemeanor crime of domestic violence, as defined in section 921(a)(33) of title 18.
+
+(2) Scope The Attorney General, in determining the compliance of a State under this section or section 40914 of this title for the purpose of granting a waiver or imposing a loss of Federal funds, shall assess the total percentage of records provided by the State concerning any event occurring within the prior 20 years, which would disqualify a person from possessing a firearm under subsection (g) or (n) of section 922 of title 18.
+
+(3) Clarification Notwithstanding paragraph (2), States shall endeavor to provide the National Instant Criminal Background Check System with all records concerning persons who are prohibited from possessing or receiving a firearm under subsection (g) or (n) of section 922 of title 18, regardless of the elapsed time since the disqualifying event.
+
+(c) Eligibility of State records for submission to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (1) Requirements for eligibility (A) In general From the information collected by a State, the State shall make electronically available to the Attorney General records relevant to a determination of whether a person is disqualified from possessing or receiving a firearm under subsection (g) or (n) of section 922 of title 18 or applicable State law.
+
+(B) NICS updates The State, on being made aware that the basis under which a record was made available under subparagraph (A) does not apply, or no longer applies, shall, as soon as practicable—
+
+(i) update, correct, modify, or remove the record from any database that the Federal or State government maintains and makes available to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System, consistent with the rules pertaining to that database; and
+
+(ii) notify the Attorney General that such basis no longer applies so that the record system in which the record is maintained is kept up to date.
+
+The Attorney General upon receiving notice pursuant to clause (ii) shall ensure that the record in the National Instant Criminal Background Check System is updated, corrected, modified, or removed within 30 days of receipt.
+
+(C) Certification To remain eligible for a waiver under subsection (a), a State shall certify to the Attorney General, not less than once during each 2-year period, that at least 90 percent of all records described in subparagraph (A) has been made electronically available to the Attorney General in accordance with subparagraph (A).
+
+(D) Inclusion of all records For purposes of this paragraph, a State shall identify and include all of the records described under subparagraph (A) without regard to the age of the record.
+
+(2) Application to persons convicted of misdemeanor crimes of domestic violence The State shall make available to the Attorney General, for use by the National Instant Criminal Background Check System, records relevant to a determination of whether a person has been convicted in any court of a misdemeanor crime of domestic violence. With respect to records relating to such crimes, the State shall provide information specifically describing the offense and the specific section or subsection of the offense for which the defendant has been convicted and the relationship of the defendant to the victim in each case.
+
+(3) Application to persons who have been adjudicated as a mental defective or committed to a mental institution The State shall make available to the Attorney General, for use by the National Instant Criminal Background Check System, the name and other relevant identifying information of persons adjudicated as a mental defective or those committed to mental institutions to assist the Attorney General in enforcing section 922(g)(4) of title 18.
+
+(d) Privacy protections For any information provided to the Attorney General for use by the National Instant Criminal Background Check System, relating to persons prohibited from possessing or receiving a firearm under section 922(g)(4) of title 18, the Attorney General shall work with States and local law enforcement and the mental health community to establish regulations and protocols for protecting the privacy of information provided to the system. The Attorney General shall make every effort to meet with any mental health group seeking to express its views concerning these regulations and protocols and shall seek to develop regulations as expeditiously as practicable.
+
+(e) Attorney General report Not later than January 31 of each year, the Attorney General shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report on the progress of States in automating the databases containing the information described in subsection (b) and in making that information electronically available to the Attorney General pursuant to the requirements of subsection (c).
+
+(Pub. L. 110–180, title I, § 102, Jan. 8, 2008, 121 Stat. 2564; Pub. L. 115–141, div. S, title VI, § 603(a), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1135.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified in a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
+
+Amendments2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–141, § 603(a)(1), substituted “section 40301 of this title” for “the Crime Identification Technology Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 14601)” and inserted “is in compliance with an implementation plan established under subsection (b) or” before “provides at least 90 percent of the information described in subsection (c)”. Subsec. (b)(1)(B). Pub. L. 115–141, § 603(a)(2), inserted “or has established an implementation plan under section 40917 of this title” after “the Attorney General”.
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "34 U.S.C. § 40913"
+description: "Implementation assistance to States"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 34
+title_name: "CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT"
+chapter_number: "409"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL INSTANT CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK SYSTEM"
+section: "40913"
+citation: "34 U.S.C. § 40913"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc34@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t34/s40913"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-34/usc34.xml"
+source_hash: "103c2bb6b876bdacf1a93e9ee86f0de7f90e5e2b8bac0df02b99be497b79adf9"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 34 U.S.C. § 40913 - Implementation assistance to States
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Authorization (1) In general From amounts made available to carry out this section and subject to section 40912(b)(1)(B) of this title, the Attorney General shall make grants to States and Indian tribal governments, in a manner consistent with the National Criminal History Improvement Program, which shall be used by the States and Indian tribal governments, in conjunction with units of local government and State and local courts, to establish or upgrade information and identification technologies for firearms eligibility determinations. Not less than 3 percent, and no more than 10 percent of each grant under this paragraph shall be used to maintain the relief from disabilities program in accordance with section 40915 of this title.
+
+(2) Grants to Indian tribes Up to 5 percent of the grant funding available under this section may be reserved for Indian tribal governments, including tribal judicial systems.
+
+(b) Use of grant amounts Grants awarded to States or Indian tribes under this section may only be used to—
+
+(1) create electronic systems, which provide accurate and up-to-date information which is directly related to checks under the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (referred to in this section as “NICS”), including court disposition and corrections records;
+
+(2) assist States in establishing or enhancing their own capacities to perform NICS background checks;
+
+(3) supply accurate and timely information to the Attorney General concerning final dispositions of criminal records to databases accessed by NICS, including through increased efforts to pre-validate the contents of those records to expedite eligibility determinations;
+
+(4) supply accurate and timely information to the Attorney General concerning the identity of persons who are prohibited from obtaining a firearm under section 922(g)(4) of title 18 to be used by the Federal Bureau of Investigation solely to conduct NICS background checks;
+
+(5) supply accurate and timely court orders and records of misdemeanor crimes of domestic violence for inclusion in Federal and State law enforcement databases used to conduct NICS background checks;
+
+(6) collect and analyze data needed to demonstrate levels of State compliance with this chapter; and
+
+(7) maintain the relief from disabilities program in accordance with section 40915 of this title, but not less than 3 percent, and no more than 10 percent of each grant shall be used for this purpose.
+
+(c) Eligibility To be eligible for a grant under this section, a State shall certify, to the satisfaction of the Attorney General, that the State has implemented a relief from disabilities program in accordance with section 40915 of this title.
+
+(d) Condition As a condition of receiving a grant under this section, a State shall specify the projects for which grant amounts will be used, and shall use such amounts only as specified. A State that violates this subsection shall be liable to the Attorney General for the full amount of the grant received under this section.
+
+(e) Authorization of appropriations (1) In general There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $125,000,000 for fiscal year 2009, $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2010, $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2011, $125,000,000 for fiscal year 2012, $125,000,000 for fiscal year 2013, and $125,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2022.
+
+(2) Domestic Abuse and Violence Prevention Initiative (A) Establishment For each of fiscal years 2018 through 2022, the Attorney General shall create a priority area under the NICS Act Record Improvement Program (commonly known as “NARIP”) for a Domestic Abuse and Violence Prevention Initiative that emphasizes the need for grantees to identify and upload all felony conviction records and domestic violence records.
+
+(B) Funding The Attorney General—
+
+(i) may use not more than 50 percent of the amounts made available under this subsection for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2022 to carry out the initiative described in subparagraph (A); and
+
+(ii) shall give a funding preference under NARIP to States that—
+
+(I) have established an implementation plan under section 40917 of this title; and
+
+(II) will use amounts made available under this subparagraph to improve efforts to identify and upload all felony conviction records and domestic violence records described in clauses (i), (v), and (vi) of section 40912(b)(1)(C) of this title by not later than September 30, 2022.
+
+(f) User fee The Federal Bureau of Investigation shall not charge a user fee for background checks pursuant to section 922(t) of title 18.
+
+(g) Technical assistance The Attorney General shall direct the Office of Justice Programs, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation to—
+
+(1) assist States that are not currently eligible for grants under this section to achieve compliance with all eligibility requirements; and
+
+(2) provide technical assistance and training services to grantees under this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 110–180, title I, § 103, Jan. 8, 2008, 121 Stat. 2567; Pub. L. 115–141, div. S, title VI, § 603(b), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1135.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified in a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
+
+Amendments2018—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 115–141, § 603(b)(1), inserted before semicolon at end “, including through increased efforts to pre-validate the contents of those records to expedite eligibility determinations”. Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 115–141, § 603(b)(2)(A), struck out “and” after “2012,” and inserted before period at end “, and $125,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2022”. Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 115–141, § 603(b)(2)(B), added par. (2) and struck out former par. (2) which related to allocations for fiscal years 2009 to 2013. Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 115–141, § 603(b)(3), added subsec. (g).
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "34 U.S.C. § 40914"
+description: "Penalties for noncompliance"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 34
+title_name: "CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT"
+chapter_number: "409"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL INSTANT CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK SYSTEM"
+section: "40914"
+citation: "34 U.S.C. § 40914"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc34@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t34/s40914"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-34/usc34.xml"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 34 U.S.C. § 40914 - Penalties for noncompliance
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Attorney General report (1) In general Not later than January 31 of each year, the Attorney General shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report on the progress of the States in automating the databases containing information described under sections 40912 and 40913 of this title, and in providing that information pursuant to the requirements of sections 40912 and 40913 of this title.
+
+(2) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated to the Department of Justice, such funds as may be necessary to carry out paragraph (1).
+
+(b) Penalties (1) Discretionary reduction (A) During the 2-year period beginning 3 years after January 8, 2008, the Attorney General may withhold not more than 3 percent of the amount that would otherwise be allocated to a State under section 10156 of this title if the State provides less than 50 percent of the records required to be provided under sections 40912 and 40913 of this title.
+
+(B) During the 5-year period after the expiration of the period referred to in subparagraph (A), the Attorney General may withhold not more than 4 percent of the amount that would otherwise be allocated to a State under section 10156 of this title if the State provides less than 70 percent of the records required to be provided under sections 40912 and 40913 of this title.
+
+(2) Mandatory reduction After the expiration of the periods referred to in paragraph (1), the Attorney General shall withhold 5 percent of the amount that would otherwise be allocated to a State under section 10156 of this title, if the State provides less than 90 percent of the records required to be provided under sections 40912 and 40913 of this title.
+
+(3) Waiver by Attorney General The Attorney General may waive the applicability of paragraph (2) to a State if the State provides substantial evidence, as determined by the Attorney General, that the State is making a reasonable effort to comply with the requirements of sections 40912 and 40913 of this title, including an inability to comply due to court order or other legal restriction.
+
+(c) Reallocation Any funds that are not allocated to a State because of the failure of the State to comply with the requirements of this chapter shall be reallocated to States that meet such requirements.
+
+(d) Methodology The method established to calculate the number of records to be reported, as set forth in section 40912(b)(1)(A) of this title, and State compliance with the required level of reporting under sections 40912 and 40913 of this title shall be determined by the Attorney General. The Attorney General shall calculate the methodology based on the total number of records to be reported from all subcategories of records, as described in section 40912(b)(1)(C) of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 110–180, title I, § 104, Jan. 8, 2008, 121 Stat. 2568.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified in a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "34 U.S.C. § 40915"
+description: "Relief from disabilities program required as condition for participation in grant programs"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 34
+title_name: "CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT"
+chapter_number: "409"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL INSTANT CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK SYSTEM"
+section: "40915"
+citation: "34 U.S.C. § 40915"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc34@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t34/s40915"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-34/usc34.xml"
+source_hash: "56b4c6d662bfdb31e540aa30d90eeaece41953a7976b272c5cd245518c0a5412"
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+text_hash: "4b5501e93382c1a49a2240cece90753a5094719614fb81d41a36b6493ebb1e4f"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 34 U.S.C. § 40915 - Relief from disabilities program required as condition for participation in grant programs
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Program described A relief from disabilities program is implemented by a State in accordance with this section if the program—
+
+(1) permits a person who, pursuant to State law, has been adjudicated as described in subsection (g)(4) of section 922 of title 18 or has been committed to a mental institution, to apply to the State for relief from the disabilities imposed by subsections (d)(4) and (g)(4) of such section by reason of the adjudication or commitment;
+
+(2) provides that a State court, board, commission, or other lawful authority shall grant the relief, pursuant to State law and in accordance with the principles of due process, if the circumstances regarding the disabilities referred to in paragraph (1), and the person’s record and reputation, are such that the person will not be likely to act in a manner dangerous to public safety and that the granting of the relief would not be contrary to the public interest; and
+
+(3) permits a person whose application for the relief is denied to file a petition with the State court of appropriate jurisdiction for a de novo judicial review of the denial.
+
+(b) Authority to provide relief from certain disabilities with respect to firearms If, under a State relief from disabilities program implemented in accordance with this section, an application for relief referred to in subsection (a)(1) of this section is granted with respect to an adjudication or a commitment to a mental institution or based upon a removal of a record under section 40912(c)(1)(B) of this title, the adjudication or commitment, as the case may be, is deemed not to have occurred for purposes of subsections (d)(4) and (g)(4) of section 922 of title 18.
+
+(Pub. L. 110–180, title I, § 105, Jan. 8, 2008, 121 Stat. 2569.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified in a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "34 U.S.C. § 40916"
+description: "Illegal immigrant gun purchase notification"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 34
+title_name: "CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT"
+chapter_number: "409"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL INSTANT CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK SYSTEM"
+section: "40916"
+citation: "34 U.S.C. § 40916"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc34@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t34/s40916"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-34/usc34.xml"
+source_hash: "c20504600939a4ec3b182c5ebb36be6e8c3100bbf65522eefd9e3024a48692d5"
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+text_hash: "c97fd92a99bfc3d33133d76cb6eb042f97592d2da193825597f1be92d2fff007"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 34 U.S.C. § 40916 - Illegal immigrant gun purchase notification
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In general Notwithstanding any other provision of law or of this chapter, all records obtained by the National Instant Criminal Background Check system relevant to whether an individual is prohibited from possessing a firearm because such person is an alien illegally or unlawfully in the United States shall be made available to U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.
+
+(b) Regulations The Attorney General, at his or her discretion, shall promulgate guidelines relevant to what records relevant to illegal aliens shall be provided pursuant to the provisions of this chapter.
+
+(Pub. L. 110–180, title I, § 106, Jan. 8, 2008, 121 Stat. 2570.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified in a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "34 U.S.C. § 40917"
+description: "Implementation plan"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 34
+title_name: "CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT"
+chapter_number: "409"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL INSTANT CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK SYSTEM"
+section: "40917"
+citation: "34 U.S.C. § 40917"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc34@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t34/s40917"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-34/usc34.xml"
+source_hash: "bc5dbb5d0f5fa0262173c5066290900d171d9e43efb9f511c9ef27a49067f500"
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+text_hash: "bfefebb155dc2a03dbae8a5650bd54ecdbdac21c0528a2a40035e89b0e1d84a7"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 34 U.S.C. § 40917 - Implementation plan
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In general Not later than 1 year after March 23, 2018, the Attorney General, in coordination with the States and Indian tribal governments, shall establish, for each State or Indian tribal government, a plan to ensure maximum coordination and automation of the reporting or making available of appropriate records to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System established under section 40901 of this title and the verification of the accuracy of those records during a 4-year period specified in the plan. The records shall be limited to those of an individual described in subsection (g) or (n) of section 922 of title 18 11 So in original. Probably should be followed by a period.
+
+(b) Benchmark requirements Each plan established under this section shall include annual benchmarks to enable the Attorney General to assess the implementation of the plan, including—
+
+(1) qualitative goals and quantitative measures; and
+
+(2) a needs assessment, including estimated compliance costs.
+
+(c) Compliance determination Not later than the end of each fiscal year beginning after the date of the establishment of an implementation plan under this section, the Attorney General shall determine whether each State or Indian tribal government has achieved substantial compliance with the benchmarks included in the plan.
+
+(d) Accountability The Attorney General—
+
+(1) shall disclose and publish, including on the website of the Department of Justice—
+
+(A) the name of each State or Indian tribal government that received a determination of failure to achieve substantial compliance with an implementation plan under subsection (c) for the preceding fiscal year; and
+
+(B) a description of the reasons for which the Attorney General has determined that the State or Indian tribal government is not in substantial compliance with the implementation plan, including, to the greatest extent possible, a description of the types and amounts of records that have not been submitted; and
+
+(2) if a State or Indian tribal government described in paragraph (1) subsequently receives a determination of substantial compliance, shall—
+
+(A) immediately correct the applicable record; and
+
+(B) not later than 3 days after the determination, remove the record from the website of the Department of Justice and any other location where the record was published.
+
+(e) Incentives For each of fiscal years 2018 through 2022, the Attorney General shall give affirmative preference to all Bureau of Justice Assistance discretionary grant applications of a State or Indian tribal government that received a determination of substantial compliance under subsection (c) for the fiscal year in which the grant was solicited.
+
+(Pub. L. 110–180, title I, § 107, as added Pub. L. 115–141, div. S, title VI, § 605(a), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1137.)
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "34 U.S.C. § 40931"
+description: "Continuing evaluations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 34
+title_name: "CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT"
+chapter_number: "409"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL INSTANT CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK SYSTEM"
+section: "40931"
+citation: "34 U.S.C. § 40931"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc34@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t34/s40931"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-34/usc34.xml"
+source_hash: "4eb66d037daefb20eaa782378f0bcbc5ee27cf8ed31e5a7afbe54ba24e5d63a5"
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+text_hash: "ce8b972be54b3fce27b2c29bd86ab97232aa82ca573c694bc30ba216f8e9ca20"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 34 U.S.C. § 40931 - Continuing evaluations
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Evaluation required The Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics (referred to in this section as the “Director”) shall study and evaluate the operations of the National Instant Criminal Background Check System. Such study and evaluation shall include compilations and analyses of the operations and record systems of the agencies and organizations necessary to support such System.
+
+(b) Report on grants Not later than January 31 of each year, the Director shall submit to Congress a report containing the estimates submitted by the States under section 40912(b) of this title.
+
+(c) Report on best practices Not later than January 31 of each year, the Director shall submit to Congress, and to each State participating in the National Criminal History Improvement Program, a report of the practices of the States regarding the collection, maintenance, automation, and transmittal of information relevant to determining whether a person is prohibited from possessing or receiving a firearm by Federal or State law, by the State or any other agency, or any other records relevant to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System, that the Director considers to be best practices.
+
+(d) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2009 through 2013 to complete the studies, evaluations, and reports required under this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 110–180, title II, § 201, Jan. 8, 2008, 121 Stat. 2570.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified in a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "34 U.S.C. § 40941"
+description: "Disposition records automation and transmittal improvement grants"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 34
+title_name: "CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT"
+chapter_number: "409"
+chapter_name: "NATIONAL INSTANT CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK SYSTEM"
+section: "40941"
+citation: "34 U.S.C. § 40941"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc34@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t34/s40941"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-34/usc34.xml"
+source_hash: "844a76a4f55da1e260f2ff02042ca0e73d0e8c48b5d2878e2a5834dabfbc4321"
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+text_hash: "4c3cda77320e72b55f3ed2768f933102303c05872d5733ff45c9dc83099559e4"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 34 U.S.C. § 40941 - Disposition records automation and transmittal improvement grants
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Grants authorized From amounts made available to carry out this section, the Attorney General shall make grants to each State, consistent with State plans for the integration, automation, and accessibility of criminal history records, for use by the State court system to improve the automation and transmittal of criminal history dispositions, records relevant to determining whether a person has been convicted of a misdemeanor crime of domestic violence, court orders, and mental health adjudications or commitments, to Federal and State record repositories in accordance with sections 40912 and 40913 of this title and the National Criminal History Improvement Program.
+
+(b) Grants to Indian tribes Up to 5 percent of the grant funding available under this section may be reserved for Indian tribal governments for use by Indian tribal judicial systems.
+
+(c) Use of funds Amounts granted under this section shall be used by the State court system only—
+
+(1) to carry out, as necessary, assessments of the capabilities of the courts of the State for the automation and transmission of arrest and conviction records, court orders, and mental health adjudications or commitments to Federal and State record repositories; and
+
+(2) to implement policies, systems, and procedures for the automation and transmission of arrest and conviction records, court orders, and mental health adjudications or commitments to Federal and State record repositories.
+
+(d) Eligibility To be eligible to receive a grant under this section, a State shall certify, to the satisfaction of the Attorney General, that the State has implemented a relief from disabilities program in accordance with section 40915 of this title.
+
+(e) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated to the Attorney General to carry out this section $62,500,000 for fiscal year 2009, $125,000,000 for fiscal year 2010, $125,000,000 for fiscal year 2011, $62,500,000 for fiscal year 2012, and $62,500,000 for fiscal year 2013.
+
+(Pub. L. 110–180, title III, § 301, Jan. 8, 2008, 121 Stat. 2571.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was formerly classified in a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.