Legal corpus: the complete U.S. Code (59,740 sections, all 53 titles)

Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code
now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 ->
59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun,
verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make
legal-us-code default now covers every title.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-1/section-101.md

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 101"
+description: "Postal policy"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "1"
+chapter_name: "POSTAL POLICY AND DEFINITIONS"
+section: "101"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 101"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s101"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "73f116c257d56a5b99d891bd847dd7377198e0f26bb2a8be81a0ccde8904afb7"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "6826933dadaa7bec2fbb42aae4636300041e8723d4daae1ef79e2df2d4f5ca59"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 101 - Postal policy
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The United States Postal Service shall be operated as a basic and fundamental service provided to the people by the Government of the United States, authorized by the Constitution, created by Act of Congress, and supported by the people. The Postal Service shall have as its basic function the obligation to provide postal services to bind the Nation together through the personal, educational, literary, and business correspondence of the people. It shall provide prompt, reliable, and efficient services to patrons in all areas and shall render postal services to all communities. The costs of establishing and maintaining the Postal Service shall not be apportioned to impair the overall value of such service to the people.
+
+(b) The Postal Service shall maintain an integrated network for the delivery of market-dominant and competitive products (as defined in chapter 36 of this title). Delivery shall occur at least six days a week, except during weeks that include a Federal holiday, in emergency situations, such as natural disasters, or in geographic areas where the Postal Service has established a policy of delivering mail fewer than six days a week as of the date of enactment of the Postal Service Reform Act of 2022. The Postal Service shall provide a maximum degree of effective and regular postal services to rural areas, communities, and small towns where post offices are not self-sustaining. No small post office shall be closed solely for operating at a deficit, it being the specific intent of the Congress that effective postal services be insured to residents of both urban and rural communities.
+
+(c) As an employer, the Postal Service shall achieve and maintain compensation for its officers and employees comparable to the rates and types of compensation paid in the private sector of the economy of the United States. It shall place particular emphasis upon opportunities for career advancements of all officers and employees and the achievement of worthwhile and satisfying careers in the service of the United States.
+
+(d) Postal rates shall be established to apportion the costs of all postal operations to all users of the mail on a fair and equitable basis.
+
+(e) In determining all policies for postal services, the Postal Service shall give the highest consideration to the requirement for the most expeditious collection, transportation, and delivery of important letter mail.
+
+(f) In selecting modes of transportation, the Postal Service shall give highest consideration to the prompt, economical, consistent, and reliable delivery of all mail in a manner that increases operational efficiency and reduces complexity. Modern methods of transporting mail by containerization and programs designed to achieve cost-effective overnight transportation to the destination of important letter mail to all parts of the Nation shall also be a primary goal of postal operations.
+
+(g) In planning and building new postal facilities, the Postal Service shall emphasize the need for facilities and equipment designed to create desirable working conditions for its officers and employees, a maximum degree of convenience for efficient postal services, proper access to existing and future air and surface transportation facilities, and control of costs to the Postal Service.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 719; Pub. L. 110–405, § 2(b)(9), Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4289; Pub. L. 117–108, title II, §§ 202(a), 208, Apr. 6, 2022, 136 Stat. 1146, 1151.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe date of enactment of the Postal Service Reform Act of 2022, referred to in subsec. (b), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 117–108, which was approved Apr. 6, 2022.
+
+Amendments2022—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 117–108, § 202(a), inserted “The Postal Service shall maintain an integrated network for the delivery of market-dominant and competitive products (as defined in chapter 36 of this title). Delivery shall occur at least six days a week, except during weeks that include a Federal holiday, in emergency situations, such as natural disasters, or in geographic areas where the Postal Service has established a policy of delivering mail fewer than six days a week as of the date of enactment of the Postal Service Reform Act of 2022.” before “The Postal Service shall provide”. Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 117–108, § 208, substituted “prompt, economical, consistent, and reliable delivery of all mail in a manner that increases operational efficiency and reduces complexity” for “prompt and economical delivery of all mail” and inserted “cost-effective” after “to achieve” and “also” after “Nation shall”. 2008—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 110–405 substituted “mail.” for “mail and shall make a fair and equitable distribution of mail business to carriers providing similar modes of transportation services to the Postal Service.”
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2008 AmendmentPub. L. 110–405, § 2(c), Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4290, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section, sections 3401 and 5402 of this title, and sections 41901 to 41904 and 41910 of Title 49, Transportation, renumbering former sections 41906, 41909, 41910, and 41912 of Title 49 as sections 41905, 41906, 41907, and 41908 of Title 49, respectively, and repealing former sections 41905, 41907, 41908, and 41911 of Title 49] shall take effect on October 1, 2008.”
+
+Effective DateSection effective Jan. 20, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–10 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding this section.
+
+Short Title of 2022 AmendmentPub. L. 117–127, § 1, May 16, 2022, 136 Stat. 1209, provided that: “This Act [enacting and amending provisions set out as notes under section 416 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Multinational Species Conservation Funds Semipostal Stamp Reauthorization Act of 2021’.” Pub. L. 117–108, § 1(a), Apr. 6, 2022, 136 Stat. 1127, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Postal Service Reform Act of 2022’.”
+
+Short Title of 2015 AmendmentPub. L. 114–99, § 1, Dec. 11, 2015, 129 Stat. 2201, provided that: “This Act [amending section 414 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Breast Cancer Research Stamp Reauthorization Act of 2015’.”
+
+Short Title of 2014 AmendmentPub. L. 113–165, § 1, Sept. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 1878, provided that: “This Act [amending provisions set out as a note under section 416 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Multinational Species Conservation Funds Semipostal Stamp Reauthorization Act of 2013’.”
+
+Short Title of 2010 AmendmentPub. L. 111–155, § 1, Apr. 7, 2010, 124 Stat. 1112, provided that: “This Act [amending section 3001 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Prevent Deceptive Census Look Alike Mailings Act’.”
+
+Short Title of 2008 AmendmentPub. L. 110–405, § 1, Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4287, provided that: “This Act [amending this section, sections 3401 and 5402 of this title, and sections 41901 to 41904 and 41910 of Title 49, Transportation, renumbering former sections 41906, 41909, 41910, and 41912 of Title 49 as sections 41905, 41906, 41907, and 41908 of Title 49, respectively, repealing former sections 41905, 41907, 41908, and 41911 of Title 49, and enacting provisions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the ‘Air Carriage of International Mail Act’.”
+
+Short Title of 2006 AmendmentPub. L. 109–435, § 1(a), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3198, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Postal Accountability and Enhancement Act’.”
+
+Short Title of 2004 AmendmentPub. L. 108–447, div. J, title III, § 301(a), Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3350, provided that: “This title [amending section 5402 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Rural Air Service Improvement Act of 2004’.”
+
+Short Title of 2003 AmendmentPub. L. 108–86, § 1, Sept. 30, 2003, 117 Stat. 1052, provided that: “This Act [amending section 1004 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 1004 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Postmasters Equity Act of 2003’.”
+
+Short Title of 2002 AmendmentPub. L. 107–206, title III, § 3002(a), Aug. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 910, provided that: “This title [amending section 5402 of this title, section 2703 of Title 19, Customs Duties, section 1626 of Title 43, Public Lands, and section 41901 of Title 49, Transportation, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 5402 of this title, section 112 of Title 1, General Provisions, and sections 2703 and 3203 of Title 19] may be cited as the ‘Rural Service Improvement Act of 2002’.”
+
+Short Title of 2001 AmendmentPub. L. 107–67, title VI, § 650(a), Nov. 12, 2001, 115 Stat. 556, provided that: “This section [amending section 414 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 414 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Breast Cancer Research Stamp Act of 2001’.”
+
+Short Title of 2000 AmendmentPub. L. 106–253, § 1, July 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 634, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 416 of this title, amending section 414 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 414 and 416 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Semipostal Authorization Act’.”
+
+Short Title of 1998 AmendmentPub. L. 105–241, § 1, Sept. 28, 1998, 112 Stat. 1572, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 415 of this title and amending sections 404 and 3622 of this title, section 7902 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and sections 652 and 668 of Title 29, Labor] may be cited as the ‘Postal Employees Safety Enhancement Act’.”
+
+Short Title of 1997 AmendmentPub. L. 105–41, § 1, Aug. 13, 1997, 111 Stat. 1119, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 414 of this title and provisions set out as a note under section 414 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Stamp Out Breast Cancer Act’.”
+
+Short Title of 1993 AmendmentPub. L. 103–123, title VII, § 701(a), Oct. 28, 1993, 107 Stat. 1267, provided that: “This title [enacting section 3642 of this title, amending sections 410, 2401, 3202, 3601, 3625 to 3627, and 3683 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 2401, 3621, 3626, and 3683 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Revenue Forgone Reform Act’.”
+
+Short Title of 1976 AmendmentPub. L. 94–421, § 1, Sept. 24, 1976, 90 Stat. 1303, provided: “That this Act [amending sections 404, 2003, 2401, 3601, 3604, 3622, 3623, 3624, 3626, 3641, and 3683 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 404, 3601, 3624, 3641, and 3661 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Postal Reorganization Act Amendments of 1976’.”
+
+Short TitlePub. L. 91–375, § 1, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 719, provided: “That this Act [revising this title, enacting sections 1735 to 1737 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, amending section 356 of Title 2, The Congress, section 19 of Title 3, The President, sections 101, 104, 2104, 2105, 3104, 3304a, 4301, 5102, 5303, 5304, 5312, 5314 to 5316, 5541, 6301, 6323, 7101, and 8344 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, sections 24 seventh par., 1701d–3, and 1701e of Title 12, Banks and Banking, section 637 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade, section 460l–1 of Title 16, Conservation, section 8 of former Title 17, Copyrights, sections 12, 440, 441, 500, 501, 612, 876, 877, 1114, 1303, 1341, 1342, 1463, 1696, 1699, 1703, 1704, 1707, 1709 to 1713, 1715, 1716, 1716A, 1717, 1718, 1721 to 1725, 1729, 1730, 1733, and 3061 of Title 18, section 611 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse, sections 72 fifth par., 129, and 724a of former Title 31, Money and Finance, sections 356, 474, 615, 723, and 724 of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, and section 2942 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, repealing section 3327 of Title 5 and section 1028 of former Title 31, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 201, 601, 1001, 1003, 1201, 2002, 2004, 3010, and 3621 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Postal Reorganization Act’.”
+
+SeverabilityPub. L. 117–108, title III, § 301, Apr. 6, 2022, 136 Stat. 1153, provided that: “If any provision of this Act [see Tables for classification] or any amendment made by this Act, or the application of a provision of this Act or an amendment made by this Act to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act, and the application of the provisions to any person or circumstance, shall not be affected by the holding.”
+
+Rule of ConstructionPub. L. 117–108, title II, § 202(b), Apr. 6, 2022, 136 Stat. 1147, provided that: “Nothing in subsection (a) [amending this section] or the amendment made by such subsection is intended to alter or amend the requirements of chapters 20 or 36 of title 39, United States Code, and related implementing regulations, including provisions relating to costing, accounting, or rates.”
+
+COVID–19 Funding for the United States Postal ServicePub. L. 116–136, div. A, title VI, § 6001, Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 504, as amended by Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title VIII, § 801, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2119, provided that: “(a) Definitions.—In this section—“(1) the term ‘COVID–19 emergency’ means the emergency involving Federal primary responsibility determined to exist by the President under section 501(b) of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5191(b)) with respect to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID–19); and “(2) the term ‘Postal Service’ means the United States Postal Service. “(b) Additional Borrowing Authority.—Notwithstanding section 2005 of title 39, United States Code, or any other provision of law, if the Postal Service determines that, due to the COVID–19 emergency, the Postal Service will not be able to fund operating expenses without borrowing money—“(1) the Postal Service may borrow money from the Treasury in an amount not to exceed $10,000,000,000—“(A) to be used for such operating expenses; and “(B) which may not be used to pay any outstanding debt of the Postal Service; and “(2) the Secretary of the Treasury may lend up to the amount described in paragraph (1) at the request of the Postal Service, upon terms and conditions mutually agreed upon by the Secretary and the Postal Service. “(c) No Repayment Required.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, including subsection (b) of this section, or any agreement entered into between the Secretary of the Treasury and the Postal Service under that subsection, the Postal Service shall not be required to repay the amounts borrowed under that subsection. “(d) Prioritization of Delivery for Medical Purposes During COVID–19 Emergency.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, during the COVID–19 emergency, the Postal Service—“(1) shall prioritize delivery of postal products for medical purposes; and “(2) may establish temporary delivery points, in such form and manner as the Postal Service determines necessary, to protect employees of the Postal Service and individuals receiving deliveries from the Postal Service.”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-1/section-102.md

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 102"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "1"
+chapter_name: "POSTAL POLICY AND DEFINITIONS"
+section: "102"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 102"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s102"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "36ea9dbda1e4745c3ab0386e70dd127a09075887e324c11f1d53ec0af5002085"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "ff7cff40dbac4e7bcb0537f93368fe552dad1cc243b26a923dfdc0c7d2e90d07"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 102 - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+As used in this title—
+
+(1) “Postal Service” means the United States Postal Service established by section 201 of this title;
+
+(2) “Board of Governors”, and “Board”, unless the context otherwise requires, mean the Board of Governors established under section 202 of this title;
+
+(3) “Governors” means the 9 members of the Board of Governors appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, under section 202(a) of this title;
+
+(4) “Inspector General” means the Inspector General appointed under section 202(e) of this title;
+
+(5) “postal service” refers to the delivery of letters, printed matter, or mailable packages, including acceptance, collection, sorting, transportation, or other functions ancillary thereto;
+
+(6) “product” means a postal service with a distinct cost or market characteristic for which a rate or rates are, or may reasonably be, applied;
+
+(7) “rates”, as used with respect to products, includes fees for postal services;
+
+(8) “market-dominant product” or “product in the market-dominant category of mail” means a product subject to subchapter I of chapter 36;
+
+(9) “competitive product” or “product in the competitive category of mail” means a product subject to subchapter II of chapter 36; and
+
+(10) “year”, as used in chapter 36 (other than subchapters I and VI thereof), means a fiscal year.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 720; Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title VI, § 662(a)(2)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–379; Pub. L. 109–435, title I, § 101, Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3199.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2006—Pars. (5) to (10). Pub. L. 109–435 added pars. (5) to (10). 1996—Par. (4). Pub. L. 104–208 added par. (4).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-10/section-1001.md

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1001"
+description: "Appointment and status"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "10"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYMENT WITHIN THE POSTAL SERVICE"
+section: "1001"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1001"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1001"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "82d48ba5725a670c910efd0a7dabfe060d1db88f04f887295e12b3fe453cd11d"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "0c5c1ce20b0ad2f94aaa3da9fea09cec478a7ab55c0c4e5db7487c49b993b036"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1001 - Appointment and status
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Except as otherwise provided in this title, the Postal Service shall appoint all officers and employees of the Postal Service.
+
+(b) Officers and employees of the Postal Service (other than those individuals appointed under sections 202, 204, and 1001(c) of this title) shall be in the postal career service, which shall be a part of the civil service. Such appointments and promotions shall be in accordance with the procedures established by the Postal Service. The Postal Service shall establish procedures, in accordance with this title, to assure its officers and employees meaningful opportunities for promotion and career development and to assure its officers and employees full protection of their employment rights by guaranteeing them an opportunity for a fair hearing on adverse actions, with representatives of their own choosing.
+
+(c) The Postal Service may hire individuals as executives under employment contracts for periods not in excess of 5 years. Notwithstanding any such contract, the Postal Service may at its discretion and at any time remove any such individual without prejudice to his contract rights.
+
+(d) Notwithstanding section 5533, 5535, or 5536 of title 5, or any other provision of law, any officer or employee of the Government of the United States is eligible to serve and receive pay concurrently as an officer or employee of the Postal Service (other than as a member of the Board or of the Postal Regulatory Commission) and as an officer or employee of any other department, agency, or establishment of the Government of the United States.
+
+(e) The Postal Service shall have the right, consistent with section 1003 and chapter 12 of this title and applicable laws, regulations, and collective-bargaining agreements—
+
+(1) to direct officers and employees of the Postal Service in the performance of official duties;
+
+(2) to hire, promote, transfer, assign, and retain officers and employees in positions within the Postal Service, and to suspend, demote, discharge, or take other disciplinary action against such officers and employees;
+
+(3) to relieve officers and employees from duties because of lack of work or for other legitimate reasons;
+
+(4) to maintain the efficiency of the operations entrusted to it;
+
+(5) to determine the methods, means, and personnel by which such operations are to be conducted;
+
+(6) to prescribe a uniform dress to be worn by letter carriers and other designated employees; and
+
+(7) to take whatever actions may be necessary to carry out its mission in emergency situations.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 728; Pub. L. 109–435, title VI, § 604(a), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3241.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2006—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 109–435 substituted “Postal Regulatory Commission” for “Postal Rate Commission”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective Mar. 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–13 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Performance EvaluationsPub. L. 109–435, title VII, § 706(b), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3246, provided that: “The United States Postal Service shall, as soon as is practicable, take such measures as may be necessary to incorporate the affirmative action and equal opportunity criteria contained in 4313(5) of title 5, United States Code, into the performance appraisals of senior supervisory or managerial employees.”
+
+Transfer to United States Postal Service of Post Office Department PersonnelPub. L. 91–375, § 8, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 783, as amended by Pub. L. 109–435, title X, § 1007(a), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3258, provided that: “(a) Officers and employees of the Post Office Department shall become officers and employees of the United States Postal Service on the effective date of this section. The provisions of this section shall not apply to persons occupying the positions of Postmaster General, Deputy Postmaster General, Assistant Postmasters General, General Counsel, or Judicial Officer. This section shall not be construed, however, to prohibit the appointment of such persons to positions in the Postal Service. “(b) For purposes of chapter 81 of title 5, United States Code, the Postal Service shall, with respect to any individual receiving benefits under such chapter as an officer or employee of the former Post Office Department, have the same authorities and responsibilities as it has with respect to an officer or employee of the Postal Service receiving such benefits.” [Pub. L. 109–435, title X, § 1007(b), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3258, provided that: “This section [amending section 8 of Pub. L. 91–375, set out above] and the amendments made by this section shall be effective as of the first day of the fiscal year in which this Act is enacted.” ] [Provisions of section 8 of Pub. L. 91–375 effective within 1 year after Aug. 12, 1970, on date established therefor by the Board of Governors and published by it in the Federal Register, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of this title.]
+
+Appointment of Postmasters and Other Employees on Merit BasisPub. L. 91–375, § 13, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 786, provided that: “(a) [Methods of Appointment; Order of precedence; Status of Postmasters in Office] Between the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 12, 1970] and the date on which the Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service determines that section 1001 of title 39, United States Code (as enacted by section 2 of this Act), is effective, the Postmaster General shall appoint postmasters at offices of all classes in the competitive civil service by one of the three following methods which shall be applied in the following order of precedence:“(1) by selection of a qualified employee serving at the post office where the vacancy occurs, including an acting postmaster who was serving on January 1, 1969, who shall acquire a competitive status upon being appointed postmaster; “(2) if no qualified employee serving at the post office where the vacancy occurs is available for, and willing to accept, appointment by the method described in subparagraph (1), by selection of a qualified employee serving in the postal field service; or “(3) if no qualified employee is available for, and willing to accept, appointment by the methods described in subparagraph (1) or (2), by competitive examination in accordance with the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service. Enactment of this subsection shall not affect the status or tenure of postmasters in office on the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 12, 1970]. “(b) [Political Test Prohibition; Merit and Fitness Basis of Personnel Actions; Disciplinary Actions for Violations; Exceptions] (1) In the selection, appointment, and promotion of employees of the Post Office Department between the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 12, 1970] and the date on which the Board of Governors of the Postal Service determines that former section 3311 of title 39, United States Code, is no longer effective, no political test or qualification shall be permitted or given consideration, and all such personnel actions shall be taken on the basis of merit and fitness. Any officer or employee of the Post Office Department who violates this subsection shall be removed from office or otherwise disciplined in accordance with procedures for disciplinary action established pursuant to law.“(2) This subsection does not apply to the selection and appointment of officers whose appointment is vested in the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, or to the selection, appointment, or promotion to a position designated by the Civil Service Commission as a position of a confidential or policy-determining character or as a position to be filled by a noncareer executive assignment.” [Provisions of section 13 of Pub. L. 91–375 effective Aug. 12, 1970, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of this title.]

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-10/section-1002.md

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1002"
+description: "Political recommendations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "10"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYMENT WITHIN THE POSTAL SERVICE"
+section: "1002"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1002"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1002"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "37b6ba20286f84b09e637723f63adceabb815388f692bb5a5d4ccfb0f3a805a7"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "8a5c9b0354c44c14ed27568cbd8109674fe2ddf2a62472a3e90d2b297f64c7d1"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1002 - Political recommendations
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Except as provided in subsection (e) of this section, each appointment, promotion, assignment, transfer, or designation, interim or otherwise, of an officer or employee in the Postal Service (except a Governor or member of the Postal Regulatory Commission) shall be made without regard to any recommendation or statement, oral or written, with respect to any person who requests or is under consideration for such appointment, promotion, assignment, transfer, or designation, made by—
+
+(1) any Member of the Senate or House of Representatives (including the Resident Commissioner from Puerto Rico);
+
+(2) any elected official of the government of any State (including the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico) or of any county, city, or other political subdivision of such State or Commonwealth;
+
+(3) any official of a national political party or of a political party of any State (including the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico), county, city, or other subdivision of such State or Commonwealth; or
+
+(4) any other individual or organization.
+
+(b) Except as provided in subsection (e) of this section, a person or organization referred to in clause (1), (2), (3), or (4) of subsection (a) of this section is prohibited from making or transmitting to the Postal Service, or to any other officer or employee of the Government of the United States, any recommendation or statement, oral or written, with respect to any person who requests or is under consideration for any such appointment, promotion, assignment, transfer, or designation. The Postal Service and any officer or employee of the Government of the United States, subject to subsection (e) of this section—
+
+(1) shall not solicit, request, consider, or accept any such recommendation or statement; and
+
+(2) shall return any such written recommendation or statement received by him, appropriately marked as in violation of this section, to the person or organization making or transmitting the same.
+
+(c) A person who requests or is under consideration for any such appointment, promotion, assignment, transfer, or designation is prohibited from requesting or soliciting any such recommendation or statement from any person or organization except a statement of the type referred to in subsection (e)(2) of this section.
+
+(d) Each employment form of the Postal Service used in connection with any such appointment, promotion, assignment, transfer, or designation shall contain appropriate language in boldface type informing all persons concerned of the provisions of this section. During the time any such appointment, promotion, assignment, transfer, or designation is under consideration, appropriate notice of the provisions of this section printed in boldface type shall be posted in the post office concerned.
+
+(e) The Postal Service or any authorized officer or employee of the Government of the United States may solicit, accept, and consider, and any other individual or organization may furnish or transmit to the Postal Service or such authorized officer or employee, any statement with respect to a person who requests or is under consideration for such appointment, promotion, assignment, transfer, or designation, if—
+
+(1) the statement is furnished pursuant to a request or requirement of the Postal Service and consists solely of an evaluation of the work performance, ability, aptitude, and general qualifications of such person;
+
+(2) the statement relates solely to the character and residence of such person;
+
+(3) the statement is furnished pursuant to a request made by an authorized representative of the Government of the United States solely in order to determine whether such person meets the loyalty, suitability, and character requirements for employment with the Government of the United States; or
+
+(4) the statement is furnished by a former employer of such person pursuant to a request of the Postal Service, and consists solely of an evaluation of the work performance, ability, aptitude, and general qualifications of such person during his employment with such former employer.
+
+(f) The Postal Service shall take any action it determines necessary and proper, including but not limited to suspension, removal from office, or disqualification from the Postal Service, to enforce the provisions of this section.
+
+(g) The provisions of this section shall not affect the right of an officer or employee of the Postal Service to petition Congress as authorized by section 7211 of title 5.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 729; Pub. L. 95–454, title VII, § 703(c)(5), Oct. 13, 1978, 92 Stat. 1217; Pub. L. 109–435, title VI, § 604(a), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3241.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–435 substituted “Postal Regulatory Commission” for “Postal Rate Commission”. 1978—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 95–454 substituted “section 7211” for “section 7102”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1978 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 95–454 effective 90 days after Oct. 13, 1978, see section 907 of Pub. L. 95–454, set out as a note under section 1101 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
+
+Effective DateSection effective Mar. 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–13 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-10/section-1003.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1003"
+description: "Employment policy"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "10"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYMENT WITHIN THE POSTAL SERVICE"
+section: "1003"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1003"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1003"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "48d31719ca50caddb52fce750b1921a25787e9512cd4812d83ccdcc9c2b5d199"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "ef61765ae322a5145d24a1ba9f079eb5ee59b35809fd6bb427a957d3e7bf3ed5"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1003 - Employment policy
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Except as provided under chapters 2 and 12 of this title, section 415 of title 5, or other provision of law, the Postal Service shall classify and fix the compensation and benefits of all officers and employees in the Postal Service. It shall be the policy of the Postal Service to maintain compensation and benefits for all officers and employees on a standard of comparability to the compensation and benefits paid for comparable levels of work in the private sector of the economy. No officer or employee shall be paid compensation at a rate in excess of the rate for level I of the Executive Schedule under section 5312 of title 5.
+
+(b) Compensation and benefits for all officers and employees serving in or under the Office of Inspector General of the United States Postal Service shall be maintained on a standard of comparability to the compensation and benefits paid for comparable levels of work in the respective Offices of Inspector General of the various establishments named in section 401(1) of title 5.
+
+(c) Compensation and benefits for all Postal Inspectors shall be maintained on a standard of comparability to the compensation and benefits paid for comparable levels of work in the executive branch of the Government outside of the Postal Service. As used in this subsection, the term “Postal Inspector” included 11 So in original. Probably should be “includes”. any agent to whom any investigative powers are granted under section 3061 of title 18.
+
+(d) The Postal Service shall follow an employment policy designed, without compromising the policy of section 101(a) of this title, to extend opportunity to the disadvantaged and the handicapped.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 730; Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title VI, § 662(c)(2)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–380; Pub. L. 117–286, § 4(b)(65), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4350.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2022—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117–286, § 4(b)(65)(A), substituted “section 415 of title 5,” for “section 8G of the Inspector General Act of 1978,”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 117–286, § 4(b)(65)(B), substituted “section 401(1) of title 5.” for “section 11(2) of the Inspector General Act of 1978.” 1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–208, § 101(f) [title VI, § 662(c)(2)(B)], substituted “chapters 2 and 12 of this title, section 8G of the Inspector General Act of 1978,” for “chapters 2 and 12 of this title”. Subsecs. (b) to (d). Pub. L. 104–208, § 101(f) [title VI, § 662(c)(2)(A)], added subsecs. (b) and (c) and redesignated former subsec. (b) as (d).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective Jan. 20, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–8 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Compensation of EmployeesPub. L. 91–375, § 9, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 784, provided that: “(a) [Increase in Basic Pay Rate; Effective Date] The Postmaster General, under regulations made by him, shall increase the rates of basic pay or compensation of employees in the Post Office Department so that such rates will equal, as nearly as practicable, 108 percent of the rates of basic pay or compensation in effect immediately prior to the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 12, 1970]. Such increases shall take effect on the first day of the first pay period which begins on or after April 16, 1970. “(b) [Retroactive Pay] Retroactive pay, compensation, or salary shall be paid by reason of this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title] only in the case of an individual in the service of the United States (including service in the Armed Forces of the United States) on the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 12, 1970], except that such retroactive pay, compensation, or salary shall be paid—“(1) to an officer or employee who retired, during the period beginning on the first day of the first pay period which began on or after April 16, 1970, and ending on the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 12, 1970], for services rendered during such period; and “(2) in accordance with subchapter VIII of chapter 55 of title 5, United States Code [section 5581 et seq. of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees], relating to settlement of accounts, for services rendered, during the period beginning on the first day of the first pay period which began on or after April 16, 1970, and ending on the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 12, 1970], by an officer or employee who died during such period. Such retroactive pay, compensation, or salary shall not be considered as basic pay for the purposes of subchapter III of chapter 83 of title 5, United States Code [section 8331 et seq. of Title 5], relating to civil service retirement, or any other retirement law or retirement system, in the case of any such retired or deceased officer or employee. “(c) [Period for Restoration to Government Position, as Service] For the purposes of this section, service in the Armed Forces of the United States, in the case of an individual relieved from training and service in the Armed Forces of the United States or discharged from hospitalization following such training and service, shall include the period provided by law for the mandatory restoration of such individual to a position in or under the Government of the United States. “(d) [Group Life Insurance; Amount; Effective Date] For purposes of determining the amount of insurance for which an individual is eligible under chapter 87 of title 5, United States Code [section 8701 et seq. of Title 5], relating to group life insurance for Government employees, all changes in rates of pay, compensation, and salary which result from the enactment of this section shall be held and considered to become effective as of the date of such enactment [Aug. 12, 1970]. “(e) [Limitation of Basic Pay Rate] No rate of basic pay or compensation, in excess of the rate of basic pay for GS–18 of the General Schedule in section 5332 of title 5, United States Code, shall be paid by reason of the enactment of this section.” [Provisions of section 9 of Pub. L. 91–375 effective Aug. 12, 1970, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of this title.]

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-10/section-1004.md

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1004"
+description: "Supervisory and other managerial organizations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "10"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYMENT WITHIN THE POSTAL SERVICE"
+section: "1004"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1004"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1004"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "cafd2d1653cbe6366c788691d6e0814f22d1f0b1adab355679f939ee353c6446"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "7b13ab5ecdbce906ad681bb48b32a2239848144494b60f6772ac27ccaf3430b0"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1004 - Supervisory and other managerial organizations
+
+## Text
+
+(a) It shall be the policy of the Postal Service to provide compensation, working conditions, and career opportunities that will assure the attraction and retention of qualified and capable supervisory and other managerial personnel; to provide adequate and reasonable differentials in rates of pay between employees in the clerk and carrier grades in the line work force and supervisory and other managerial personnel; to establish and maintain continuously a program for all such personnel that reflects the essential importance of a well-trained and well-motivated force to improve the effectiveness of postal operations; and to promote the leadership status of such personnel with respect to rank-and-file employees, recognizing that the role of such personnel in primary level management is particularly vital to the process of converting general postal policies into successful postal operations.
+
+(b) The Postal Service shall provide a program for consultation with recognized organizations of supervisory and other managerial personnel who are not subject to collective-bargaining agreements under chapter 12 of this title. Upon presentation of evidence satisfactory to the Postal Service that a supervisory organization represents a majority of supervisors, that an organization (other than an organization representing supervisors) represents at least 20 percent of postmasters, or that a managerial organization (other than an organization representing supervisors or postmasters) represents a substantial percentage of managerial employees, such organization or organizations shall be entitled to participate directly in the planning and development of pay policies and schedules, fringe benefit programs, and other programs relating to supervisory and other managerial employees.
+
+(c) (1) The Postal Service and the supervisors’ organization shall, unless otherwise mutually agreed to, meet at least once each month to implement the consultation and direct participation procedures of subsection (b) of this section.
+
+(2) (A) At least 7 days before each meeting, each party shall—
+
+(i) provide notice of agenda items, and
+
+(ii) describe in detail the proposals such party will make with respect to each such item.
+
+(B) Grievances of individual employees shall not be matters which may be included as agenda items under this paragraph.
+
+(d) (1) In order to facilitate consultation and direct participation by the supervisors’ organization in the planning and development of programs under subsection (b) of this section which affect members of the supervisors’ organization, the Postal Service shall—
+
+(A) provide in writing a description of any proposed program and the reasons for it;
+
+(B) give the organization at least 60 days (unless extraordinary circumstances require earlier action) to review and make recommendations with respect to the program; and
+
+(C) give any recommendation from the organization full and fair consideration in deciding whether or how to proceed with the program.
+
+(2) If the Postal Service decides to implement a program described in paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Postal Service shall before such implementation—
+
+(A) give the supervisors’ organization details of its decision to implement the program, together with the information upon which the decision is based;
+
+(B) give the organization an opportunity to make recommendations with respect to the program; and
+
+(C) give such recommendations full and fair consideration, including the providing of reasons to the organization if any of such recommendations are rejected.
+
+(3) If a program described in paragraph (1) of this subsection is implemented, the Postal Service shall—
+
+(A) develop a method for the supervisors’ organization to participate in further planning and development of the program, and
+
+(B) give the organization adequate access to information to make that participation productive.
+
+(4) The Postal Service and the supervisors’ organization may, by agreement, adopt procedures different from those provided by this subsection.
+
+(e) (1) The Postal Service shall, within 45 days of each date on which an agreement is reached on a collective bargaining agreement between the Postal Service and the bargaining representative recognized under section 1203 of this title which represents the largest number of employees, make a proposal for any changes in pay policies and schedules and fringe benefit programs for members of the supervisors’ organization which are to be in effect during the same period as covered by such agreement.
+
+(2) The Postal Service and the supervisors’ organization shall strive to resolve any differences concerning the proposal described in paragraph (1) of this subsection under the procedures provided for, or adopted under, subsection (d) of this section.
+
+(3) The Postal Service shall provide its decision concerning changes proposed under paragraph (1) of this subsection to the supervisors’ organization within 90 days following the submission of the proposal.
+
+(f) (1) If, notwithstanding the mutual efforts required by subsection (e) of this section, the supervisors’ organization believes that the decision of the Postal Service is not in accordance with the provisions of this title, the organization may, within 10 days following its receipt of such decision, request the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service to convene a factfinding panel (hereinafter referred to as the “panel”) concerning such matter.
+
+(2) Within 15 days after receiving a request under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service shall provide a list of 7 individuals recognized as experts in supervisory and managerial pay policies. Each party shall designate one individual from the list to serve on the panel. If, within 10 days after the list is provided, either of the parties has not designated an individual from the list, the Director of the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service shall make the designation. The first two individuals designated from the list shall meet within 5 days and shall designate a third individual from the list. The third individual shall chair the panel. If the two individuals designated from the list are unable to designate a third individual within 5 days after their first meeting, the Director shall designate the third individual.
+
+(3) (A) The panel shall recommend standards for pay policies and schedules and fringe benefit programs affecting the members of the supervisors’ organization for the period covered by the collective bargaining agreement specified in subsection (e)(1) of this section. The standards shall be consistent with the policies of this title, including sections 1003(a) and 1004(a) of this title.
+
+(B) The panel shall, consistent with such standards, make appropriate recommendations concerning the differences between the parties on such policies, schedules, and programs.
+
+(4) The panel shall make its recommendation no more than 30 days after its appointment, unless the Postal Service and the supervisors’ organization agree to a longer period. The panel shall hear from the Postal Service and the supervisors’ organization in such a manner as it shall direct. The cost of the panel shall be borne equally by the Postal Service and the supervisors’ organization.
+
+(5) Not more than 15 days after the panel has made its recommendation, the Postal Service shall provide the supervisors’ organization its final decision on the matters covered by factfinding under this subsection. The Postal Service shall give full and fair consideration to the panel’s recommendation and shall explain in writing any differences between its final decision and the panel’s recommendation.
+
+(g) Not earlier than 3 years after the date of the enactment of this subsection, and from time to time thereafter, the Postal Service or the supervisors’ organization may request, by written notice to the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service and to the other party, the creation of a panel to review the effectiveness of the procedures and the other provisions of this section and the provisions of section 1003 of this title. The panel shall be designated in accordance with the procedure established in subsection (f)(2) of this section. The panel shall make recommendations to the Congress for changes in this title as it finds appropriate.
+
+(h) (1) In order to ensure that postmasters and postmasters’ organizations are afforded the same rights under this section as are afforded to supervisors and the supervisors’ organization, subsections (c) through (g) shall be applied with respect to postmasters and postmasters’ organizations—
+
+(A) by substituting “postmasters’ organization” for “supervisors’ organization” each place it appears; and
+
+(B) if 2 or more postmasters’ organizations exist, by treating such organizations as if they constituted a single organization, in accordance with such arrangements as such organizations shall mutually agree to.
+
+(2) If 2 or more postmasters’ organizations exist, such organizations shall, in the case of any factfinding panel convened at the request of such organizations (in accordance with paragraph (1)(B)), be jointly and severally liable for the cost of such panel, apart from the portion to be borne by the Postal Service (as determined under subsection (f)(4)).
+
+(i) For purposes of this section—
+
+(1) “supervisors’ organization” means the organization recognized by the Postal Service under subsection (b) of this section as representing a majority of supervisors;
+
+(2) “members of the supervisors’ organization” means employees of the Postal Service who are recognized under an agreement between the Postal Service and the supervisors’ organization as represented by such organization;
+
+(3) “postmaster” means an individual who is the manager in charge of the operations of a post office, with or without the assistance of subordinate managers or supervisors;
+
+(4) “postmasters’ organization” means an organization recognized by the Postal Service under subsection (b) as representing at least 20 percent of postmasters; and
+
+(5) “members of the postmasters’ organization” shall be considered to mean employees of the Postal Service who are recognized under an agreement—
+
+(A) between the Postal Service and the postmasters’ organization as represented by the organization; or
+
+(B) in the circumstance described in subsection (h)(1)(B), between the Postal Service and the postmasters’ organizations (acting in concert) as represented by either or any of the postmasters’ organizations involved.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 731; Pub. L. 96–326, Aug. 8, 1980, 94 Stat. 1023; Pub. L. 108–86, § 2(a)–(c), Sept. 30, 2003, 117 Stat. 1052.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe date of the enactment of this subsection, referred to in subsec. (g), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 96–326, which was approved Aug. 8, 1980.
+
+Amendments2003—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108–86, § 2(a)(2), which directed substitution of “supervisors or postmasters)” for “supervisors)” in second sentence, was executed by making the substitution the second time “supervisors)” appears in the sentence to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Pub. L. 108–86, § 2(a)(1), inserted “that an organization (other than an organization representing supervisors) represents at least 20 percent of postmasters,” after “majority of supervisors,”. Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 108–86, § 2(b)(2), added subsec. (h). Former subsec. (h) redesignated (i). Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 108–86, § 2(b)(1), (c), redesignated subsec. (h) as (i) and added pars. (3) to (5). 1980—Subsecs. (c) to (h). Pub. L. 96–326 added subsecs. (c) to (h).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2003 AmendmentPub. L. 108–86, § 3, Sept. 30, 2003, 117 Stat. 1053, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [probably should be “this Act”, amending this section and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 101 of this title] shall take effect 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 30, 2003].”
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Thrift Advisory Council Not To Be AffectedPub. L. 108–86, § 2(d), Sept. 30, 2003, 117 Stat. 1053, provided that: “For purposes of section 8473(b)(4) of title 5, United States Code— “(1) each of the 2 or more organizations referred to in section 1004(h)(1)(B) of title 39, United States Code (as amended by subsection (b)) shall be treated as a separate organization; and “(2) any determination of the number of individuals represented by each of those respective organizations shall be made in a manner consistent with the purposes of this subsection.”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-10/section-1005.md

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1005"
+description: "Applicability of laws relating to Federal employees"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "10"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYMENT WITHIN THE POSTAL SERVICE"
+section: "1005"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1005"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1005"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "745760a2c0816248fb756d53c855d81dec4feb26b9879feb68dde21c2ef0bf5f"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "789b2a0005ab5152c20dd32da767d3b7855f4b8b06ca0e8413de33c209c605bb"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1005 - Applicability of laws relating to Federal employees
+
+## Text
+
+(a) (1) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, the provisions of chapter 75 of title 5 shall apply to officers and employees of the Postal Service except to the extent of any inconsistency with—
+
+(A) the provisions of any collective-bargaining agreement negotiated on behalf of and applicable to them; or
+
+(B) procedures established by the Postal Service and approved by the Civil Service Commission.
+
+(2) The provisions of title 5 relating to a preference eligible (as that term is defined under section 2108(3) of such title) shall apply to an applicant for appointment and any officer or employee of the Postal Service in the same manner and under the same conditions as if the applicant, officer, or employee were subject to the competitive service under such title. The provisions of this paragraph shall not be modified by any program developed under section 1004 of this title or any collective-bargaining agreement entered into under chapter 12 of this title.
+
+(3) The provisions of this subsection shall not apply to those individuals appointed under sections 202, 204, and 1001(c) of this title.
+
+(4) (A) Subchapter II of chapter 75 of title 5 shall apply—
+
+(i) to any preference eligible in the Postal Service who is an employee within the meaning of section 7511(a)(1)(B) of such title; and
+
+(ii) to any other individual who—
+
+(I) is in the position of a supervisor or a management employee in the Postal Service, or is an employee of the Postal Service engaged in personnel work in other than a purely nonconfidential clerical capacity; and
+
+(II) has completed 1 year of current continuous service in the same or similar positions.
+
+(B) (i) The second sentence of paragraph (2) of this subsection applies with respect to the provisions of subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, to the extent that such provisions relate to preference eligibles.
+
+(ii) The provisions of subparagraph (A) of this paragraph shall not, to the extent that such provisions relate to an individual under clause (ii) of such subparagraph, be modified by any program developed under section 1004 of this title.
+
+(b) (1) Except as provided under paragraph (2), section 5941 of title 5 shall apply to the Postal Service. Except as provided under paragraph (2), for purposes of section 5941 of that title, the pay of officers and employees of the Postal Service shall be considered to be fixed by statute, and the basic pay of an employee shall be the pay (but not any allowance or benefit) of that officer or employee established in accordance with the provisions of this title.
+
+(2) On and after the date of enactment of the Non-Foreign Area Retirement Equity Assurance Act of 2009—
+
+(A) the provisions of that Act and section 5941 of title 5 shall apply to officers and employees covered by section 1003(b) and (c) whose duty station is in a nonforeign area; and
+
+(B) with respect to officers and employees of the Postal Service (other than those officers and employees described under subparagraph (A)) of 11 So in original. The word “of” probably should not appear. section 1916(b)(2) of that Act shall apply.
+
+(c) Officers and employees of the Postal Service shall be covered by subchapter I of chapter 81 of title 5, relating to compensation for work injuries.
+
+(d) (1) Officers and employees of the Postal Service (other than the Governors) shall be covered by chapters 83 and 84 of title 5. The Postal Service shall withhold from pay and shall pay into the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund the amounts specified in or determined under such chapter 83 and subchapter II of such chapter 84, respectively. The Postal Service shall pay into the Federal Retirement Thrift Savings Fund the amounts specified in or determined under subchapters III and VII of such chapter 84.
+
+(2) The provisions of subsections (i) and (m)(2) of section 8344 and subsections (f) and (j)(2) of section 8468 of title 5 shall apply with respect to the Postal Service. For purposes of so applying such provisions—
+
+(A) any reference in such provisions to the head of an Executive agency shall be considered a reference to the Postmaster General; and
+
+(B) any reference in such provisions to an employee shall be considered a reference to an officer or employee of the Postal Service.
+
+(e) Sick and annual leave, and compensatory time of officers and employees of the Postal Service, whether accrued prior to or after commencement of operations of the Postal Service, shall be obligations of the Postal Service under the provisions of this chapter.
+
+(f) Compensation, benefits, and other terms and conditions of employment in effect immediately prior to the effective date of this section, whether provided by statute or by rules and regulations of the former Post Office Department or the executive branch of the Government of the United States, shall continue to apply to officers and employees of the Postal Service, until changed by the Postal Service in accordance with this chapter and chapter 12 of this title. Subject to the provisions of this chapter and chapter 12 of this title, the provisions of subchapter I of chapter 85 and chapters 87, 89, 89A, and 89B of title 5 shall apply to officers and employees of the Postal Service, unless varied, added to, or substituted for, under this subsection. No variation, addition, or substitution with respect to fringe benefits shall result in a program of fringe benefits which on the whole is less favorable to the officers and employees than fringe benefits in effect on the effective date of this section, and as to officers and employees for whom there is a collective-bargaining representative, no such variation, addition, or substitution shall be made except by agreement between the collective-bargaining representative and the Postal Service.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 731; Pub. L. 93–349, § 2, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 354; Pub. L. 99–335, title III, § 306, June 6, 1986, 100 Stat. 607; Pub. L. 100–90, § 1(a), Aug. 18, 1987, 101 Stat. 673; Pub. L. 103–336, § 3, Oct. 3, 1994, 108 Stat. 2661; Pub. L. 108–496, § 5, Dec. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 4011; Pub. L. 109–435, title X, § 1010(g)(1), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3262; Pub. L. 111–84, div. A, title XI, § 1122(d), title XIX, § 1916(b)(1), Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2509, 2624; Pub. L. 111–383, div. A, title X, § 1075(d)(22), Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4374.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Non-Foreign Area Retirement Equity Assurance Act of 2009, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is subtitle B (§§ 1911–1919) of title XIX of div. A of Pub. L. 111–84, Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2619, also known as the Non-Foreign AREA Act of 2009, which is set out as a note under section 5304 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables. The effective date of this section, referred to in subsec. (f), is July 1, 1971. See Effective Date note below.
+
+Amendments2011—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 111–383 made technical amendment to directory language of Pub. L. 111–84, § 1916(b)(1)(B). See 2009 Amendment note below. 2009—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 111–84, § 1916(b)(1)(A), inserted par. (1) designation before “Section 5941”. Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 111–84, § 1916(b)(1)(C), substituted “Except as provided under paragraph (2), for purposes of section 5941 of that title,” for “For purposes of such section,”. Pub. L. 111–84, § 1916(b)(1)(B), as amended by Pub. L. 111–383, substituted “Except as provided under paragraph (2), section 5941” for “Section 5941”. Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 111–84, § 1916(b)(1)(D), added par. (2). Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 111–84, § 1122(d), in introductory provisions, substituted “(m)(2)” for “(l)(2)” and “(j)(2)” for “(i)(2)”. 2006—Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 109–435 struck out “subsection (g) of section 5532,” after “The provisions of” and substituted “8344” for “8344,”. 2004—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 108–496 substituted “chapters 87, 89, 89A, and 89B” for “chapters 87 and 89” in second sentence. 1994—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 103–336 designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2). 1987—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 100–90 added par. (4). 1986—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 99–335 amended subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (d) read as follows: “Officers and employees of the Postal Service (other than the Governors) shall be covered by chapter 83 of title 5 relating to civil service retirement. The Postal Service shall withhold from pay and shall pay into the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund the amounts specified in such chapter. The Postal Service shall pay into the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund the amounts determined by the Civil Service Commission under section 8348(h) of title 5.” 1974—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 93–349 substituted requirement that the Postal Service pay into the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund the amounts determined by the Civil Service Commission under section 8348(h) of title 5, for requirement that the Postal Service pay to the Civil Service Commission upon request of the Civil Service Commission but not less frequently than annually the costs reasonably related to the administration of Fund activities for officers and employees of the Postal Service.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2011 AmendmentPub. L. 111–383, div. A, title X, § 1075(d), Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4372, provided that the amendment made by section 1075(d)(22) is effective as of Oct. 28, 2009, and as if included in Pub. L. 111–84 as enacted.
+
+Effective Date of 2009 AmendmentAmendment by section 1916(b)(1) of Pub. L. 111–84 effective Oct. 28, 2009, with transition and savings provisions, see sections 1914, 1915, and 1919(a) of Pub. L. 111–84, set out in a Non-Foreign Area Retirement Equity Assurance note under section 5304 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
+
+Effective Date of 2004 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 108–496 effective Dec. 23, 2004, and applicable to contracts that take effect with respect to the calendar year 2006, see section 7 of Pub. L. 108–496, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8951 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
+
+Effective Date of 1987 AmendmentPub. L. 100–90, § 1(b)(1), Aug. 18, 1987, 101 Stat. 673, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall be effective after the expiration of the 30-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 18, 1987].”
+
+Effective Date of 1974 AmendmentPub. L. 93–349, § 3, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 354, provided that: “The effective date of this Act [amending this section and section 8348 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees] shall be July 1, 1971, except that the Postal Service shall not be required to make (1) the payments due June 30, 1972, June 30, 1973, and June 30, 1974, attributable to pay increases granted by the Postal Service prior to July 1, 1973, until such time as funds are appropriated to the Postal Service for that purpose, and (2) the transfer to the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund required by title II of the Treasury, Postal Service, and General Government Appropriation Act, 1974, Public Law 93–143 [which is not classified to the Code].”
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Abatement of ActionsPub. L. 100–90, § 1(b)(2), Aug. 18, 1987, 101 Stat. 673, provided that: “An action which is commenced under section 1005(a)(1)(B) of title 39, United States Code, before the effective date of the amendment made by subsection (a) [see Effective Date of 1987 Amendment note above] shall not abate by reason of the enactment of this Act [amending this section and enacting provisions set out as a note above]. Determinations with respect to any such action shall be made as if this Act had not been enacted.”
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Transfer of Functions Functions vested by statute in United States Civil Service Commission or Chairman thereof transferred to Director of Office of Personnel Management (except as otherwise specified) by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1978, § 102, 43 F.R. 36037, 92 Stat. 3783, set out under section 1101 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–102 of Ex. Ord. No. 12107, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1055, set out under section 1101 of Title 5.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-10/section-1006.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1006"
+description: "Right of transfer"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "10"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYMENT WITHIN THE POSTAL SERVICE"
+section: "1006"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1006"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1006"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "14ef8cefa4a1667760a39f4cf7c251ca463b4941932cfb82682770ac923dea34"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "11a53fea3fd88c620aa5ffc8ed126fbb9ef537bdc1fb41d66537969829619244"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1006 - Right of transfer
+
+## Text
+
+Officers and employees in the postal career service of the Postal Service shall be eligible for promotion or transfer to any other position in the Postal Service or the executive branch of the Government of the United States for which they are qualified. The authority given by this section shall be used to provide a maximum degree of career promotion opportunities for officers and employees and to insure continued improvement of postal services.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 732.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-10/section-1007.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1007"
+description: "Seniority for employees in rural service"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "10"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYMENT WITHIN THE POSTAL SERVICE"
+section: "1007"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1007"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1007"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "8b5b384f63868b9cb598ce6b7851af08d7235771c29c56ab60b3a4e0fea08c87"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "cb1aaa13cd96bb9da68812dcc3eac053832cdc6c9432dca08bca4de6d33e5683"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1007 - Seniority for employees in rural service
+
+## Text
+
+Subject to agreements made under chapter 12 of this title, the seniority of an employee of the Postal Service occupying a position whose regular duty involves the collection and delivery of mail on a rural route shall be preserved. Seniority for such employee shall commence on the first day of his service in such a position, or, in the event such an employee transfers to another such position, on the day he enters duty in the other position. Upon initial assignment, such an employee shall be assigned to the least desirable route and shall attain assignment to more desirable routes by seniority. Promotions and assignments for such an employee in such position shall be based on seniority and ability. If ability be sufficient, seniority shall govern.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 732.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-10/section-1008.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1008"
+description: "Temporary employees or carriers"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "10"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYMENT WITHIN THE POSTAL SERVICE"
+section: "1008"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1008"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1008"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "2eab19feab351057fc46c44e69d62e21bea3da80d93e7af3756304548d9df090"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "d8515b2ec95d685bdda0c7e0e9374e0c082433eb9e5a0881d6c83a4386e628bb"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1008 - Temporary employees or carriers
+
+## Text
+
+(a) A person temporarily employed to deliver mail is deemed an employee of the Postal Service and is subject to the provisions of chapter 83 of title 18 to the same extent as other employees of the Postal Service.
+
+(b) Any person, when engaged in carrying mail under contract with the Postal Service, or employed by the Postal Service, is deemed a carrier or person entrusted with the mail and having custody thereof, within the meaning of sections 1701, 1708, and 2114 of title 18.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 732.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-10/section-1009.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1009"
+description: "Personnel not to receive fees"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "10"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYMENT WITHIN THE POSTAL SERVICE"
+section: "1009"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1009"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1009"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "0c034bbc49a0b57034e6f01c0ab993f7ed5462a800b2cf5e13a4368668684cb6"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "61e5103064c09270d438648a1704d106808765bfee43aaba45cd6217b2c453be"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1009 - Personnel not to receive fees
+
+## Text
+
+An officer or employee of the Postal Service may not receive any fee or perquisite from a patron of the Postal Service on account of the duties performed by virtue of his appointment, except as authorized by law.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 733.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-10/section-1010.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1010"
+description: "Administration of oaths related to postal inspection matters"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "10"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYMENT WITHIN THE POSTAL SERVICE"
+section: "1010"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1010"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1010"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "19a099d54764b54c503b7d00cbf67ad4e2a3c0575110f7d38da7f5f181b1dc8c"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "0a1fffd1a963da42f13481244e8bfd85be818869a44529a1e2e82996e4717ee7"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1010 - Administration of oaths related to postal inspection matters
+
+## Text
+
+Officers and employees of the Postal Service performing duties related to the inspection of postal matters may administer oaths required or authorized by law or regulation with respect to any matter coming before them in the performance of their official duties.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 733.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-10/section-1011.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1011"
+description: "Oath of office"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "10"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYMENT WITHIN THE POSTAL SERVICE"
+section: "1011"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1011"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1011"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "5f6fc5d5bff7ee34e37cef6143b379f1147d236ddcbdde0fc5f3dba5f6e105ed"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "35cd6f82c8afa318838fedc413433e201bcbcb6e519a4bc75555585bfb152542"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1011 - Oath of office
+
+## Text
+
+Before entering upon their duties and before receiving any salary, all officers and employees of the Postal Service shall take and subscribe the following oath or affirmation: “I, ________, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; that I take this obligation freely, without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that I will well and faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which I am about to enter.” A person authorized to administer oaths by the laws of the United States, including section 2903 of title 5, or of a State or territory, or an officer, civil or military, holding a commission under the United States, or any officer or employee of the Postal Service designated by the Board may administer and certify the oath or affirmation.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 733.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-12/section-1201.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1201"
+description: "Definition"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "12"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYEE-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS"
+section: "1201"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1201"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1201"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "b00d1018094dafe345db0e5d7dda054ed6ccbebda1123e8a8799d228e04ae11c"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "a67b77893480eb3750c56a1bca5ab6404107fe80547d86d40bf7cd32ecef08a5"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1201 - Definition
+
+## Text
+
+As used in this chapter, “guards” means—
+
+(1) maintenance guards who, on the effective date of this chapter, are in key position KP–5 under the provisions of former section 3514 of title 39; and
+
+(2) security guards, who may be employed in the Postal Service and whose primary duties shall include the exercise of authority to enforce rules to protect the safety of property, mail, or persons on the premises.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 733.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe effective date of this chapter, referred to in par. (1), is July 1, 1971. See Effective Date note below. Former section 3514 of title 39, referred to in par. (1), means section 3514 of former Title 39, The Postal Service, prior to the general revision and reenactment of Title 39 by Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 719.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Noninterference With Collective Bargaining AgreementsPub. L. 109–435, title V, § 505(b), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3236, provided that: “Except as otherwise provided by the amendment made by subsection (a) [amending section 1207 of this title], nothing in this Act [see Tables for classification] shall restrict, expand, or otherwise affect any of the rights, privileges, or benefits of either employees of or labor organizations representing employees of the United States Postal Service under chapter 12 of title 39, United States Code, the National Labor Relations Act [29 U.S.C. 151 et seq.], any handbook or manual affecting employee labor relations within the United States Postal Service, or any collective bargaining agreement.”
+
+Labor AgreementsPub. L. 91–375, § 10, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 784, provided that: “(a) [Wages, Hours, and Working Conditions; Parties to Agreement] As soon as practicable after the enactment of this Act [Aug. 12, 1970], the Postmaster General and the labor organizations which as of the effective date of this section [see note below] hold national exclusive recognition rights granted by the Post Office Department, shall negotiate an agreement or agreements covering wages, hours, and working conditions of the employees represented by such labor organizations. The parties shall commence bargaining for such agreement or agreements not later than 30 days following delivery of a written request therefor by a labor organization to the Postmaster General or by the Postmaster General to a labor organization. Any agreement made pursuant to this section shall continue in force after the commencement of operations of the United States Postal Service in the same manner and to the same extent as if entered into between the Postal Service and recognized collective-bargaining representatives under chapter 12 of title 39, United States Code. “(b) [Wage Schedule; Service Period for Maximum Pay; Pay Step Advancement] Any agreement negotiated under this section shall establish a new wage schedule whereunder postal employees will reach the maximum pay step for their respective labor grades after not more than 8 years of satisfactory service in such grades. The agreements shall provide that where an employee had sufficient satisfactory service in the pay step he occupied on the effective date of this section [see note below] to have qualified for advancement to the next highest pay step under the new wage schedule, had such schedule been in effect throughout the period of such service, the employee shall be advanced to such next highest pay step in the new schedule on the effective date of the new schedule. “(c) [Effective Date; Establishment of Wages, Hours, and Working Conditions] An agreement made under this section shall become effective at any time after the commencement of bargaining, in accordance with the terms thereof. The Postmaster General shall establish wages, hours, and working conditions in accordance with the terms of any agreement or agreements made under this section notwithstanding the provisions of any law other than title 39. “(d) [Fact-finding Panel, Other Procedure, or Arbitration Board for Resolution of Differences] If the parties fail to reach agreement within 90 days of the commencement of collective bargaining, a fact-finding panel will be established in accordance with the terms of section 1207(b) of title 39, United States Code, unless the parties have previously agreed to another procedure for a binding resolution of their differences. If the parties fail to reach agreement within 180 days of the commencement of collective bargaining, and if they have not agreed to another procedure for binding resolution, an arbitration board shall be established to provide conclusive and binding arbitration in accordance with the terms of section 1207(c) of such title. “(e) [Appropriation Provisions Inapplicable] Agreements made pursuant to this section and expenditures made under such agreements shall not be subject to the provisions of section 3679 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (31 U.S.C. 665) [sections 1341, 1342, and 1349–1351, subchapter II and chapter 15 of Title 31, Money and Finance]. “(f) [References to Title 39] For the purposes of this section, references to title 39 and sections of title 39 are references to title 39, United States Code, as enacted by section 2 of this Act.” [Provisions of section 10 of Pub. L. 91–375 effective Aug. 12, 1970, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of this title.]

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-12/section-1202.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1202"
+description: "Bargaining units"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "12"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYEE-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS"
+section: "1202"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1202"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1202"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "1053beeefe90bcf6c9a4a895b7d973e983b1960aff155204e8bc5bcd08dc32ff"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "b8c9bf2d735f6da2ee588afd82eec3d8f17a69a0c3d8d48d5c17d854c10246b5"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1202 - Bargaining units
+
+## Text
+
+The National Labor Relations Board shall decide in each case the unit appropriate for collective bargaining in the Postal Service. The National Labor Relations Board shall not include in any bargaining unit—
+
+(1) any management official or supervisor;
+
+(2) any employee engaged in personnel work in other than a purely nonconfidential clerical capacity;
+
+(3) both professional employees and employees who are not professional employees unless a majority of such professional employees vote for inclusion in such unit; or
+
+(4) together with other employees, any individual employed as a security guard to enforce against employees and other persons, rules to protect property of the Postal Service or to protect the safety of property, mail, or persons on the premises of the Postal Service; but no labor organization shall be certified as the representative of employees in a bargaining unit of security guards if such organization admits to membership, or is affiliated directly or indirectly with an organization which admits to membership, employees other than guards.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 733.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-12/section-1203.md

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1203"
+description: "Recognition of labor organizations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "12"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYEE-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS"
+section: "1203"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1203"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1203"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "048ac6b976a7b3293f77ff6b748c289da8f1e8cb17e2262d6934d988ad6cd5d5"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "1860bb211d8058a11ec2e7f01e54bf0cafdc9c020a80b426c8eecb080fcd65ba"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1203 - Recognition of labor organizations
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The Postal Service shall accord exclusive recognition to a labor organization when the organization has been selected by a majority of the employees in an appropriate unit as their representative.
+
+(b) Agreements and supplements in effect on the date of enactment of this section covering employees in the former Post Office Department shall continue to be recognized by the Postal Service until altered or amended pursuant to law.
+
+(c) When a petition has been filed, in accordance with such regulations as may be prescribed by the National Labor Relations Board—
+
+(1) by an employee, a group of employees, or any labor organization acting in their behalf, alleging that (A) a substantial number of employees wish to be represented for collective bargaining by a labor organization and that the Postal Service declines to recognize such labor organization as the representative; or (B) the labor organization which has been certified or is being currently recognized by the Postal Service as the bargaining representative is no longer a representative; or
+
+(2) by the Postal Service, alleging that one or more labor organizations has presented to it a claim to be recognized as the representative;
+
+the National Labor Relations Board shall investigate such petition and, if it has reasonable cause to believe that a question of representation exists, shall provide for an appropriate hearing upon due notice. Such hearing may be conducted by an officer or employee of the National Labor Relations Board, who shall not make any recommendations with respect thereto. If the National Labor Relations Board finds upon the record of such hearing that such a question of representation exists, it shall direct an election by secret ballot and shall certify the results thereof.
+
+(d) A petition filed under subsection (c)(1) of this section shall be accompanied by a statement signed by at least 30 percent of the employees in the appropriate unit stating that they desire that an election be conducted for either of the purposes set forth in such subsection.
+
+(e) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the waiving of hearings by stipulation for the purpose of a consent election in conformity with regulations and rules of decision of the National Labor Relations Board.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 734.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe date of enactment of this section, referred to in subsec. (b), means the date of enactment of Pub. L. 91–375, which was approved Aug. 12, 1970.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-12/section-1204.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1204"
+description: "Elections"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "12"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYEE-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS"
+section: "1204"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1204"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1204"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "946b95c52874f9aecca3d004d28da3ecee151fff92a9d29a8661ae2395223c50"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "1d6caece50501d136828d4f7af66a89844e2fe86814afc24bfce77635a603a1d"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1204 - Elections
+
+## Text
+
+(a) All elections authorized under this chapter shall be conducted under the supervision of the National Labor Relations Board, or persons designated by it, and shall be by secret ballot. Each employee eligible to vote shall be provided the opportunity to choose the labor organization he wishes to represent him, from among those on the ballot, or “no union”.
+
+(b) In any election where none of the choices on the ballot receives a majority, a runoff shall be conducted, the ballot providing for a selection between the 2 choices receiving the largest and second largest number of valid votes cast in the election. In the event of a tie vote, additional runoff elections shall be conducted until one of the choices has received a majority of the votes.
+
+(c) No election shall be held in any bargaining unit within which, in the preceding 12-month period, a valid election has been held.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 735.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-12/section-1205.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1205"
+description: "Deductions of dues"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "12"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYEE-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS"
+section: "1205"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1205"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1205"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "7b342929f06741c8ca2894e7bb5c4b0a61535b591e1f79a647e21908dd3be392"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "4540a5b170798b070f16a0b40e604a46cc8c8b067330720886ca3c309d0971cb"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1205 - Deductions of dues
+
+## Text
+
+(a) When a labor organization holds exclusive recognition, or when an organization of personnel not subject to collective-bargaining agreements has consultation rights under section 1004 of this title, the Postal Service shall deduct the regular and periodic dues of the organization from the pay of all members of the organization in the unit of recognition if the Post Office Department or the Postal Service has received from each employee, on whose account such deductions are made, a written assignment which shall be irrevocable for a period of not more than one year.
+
+(b) Any agreement in effect immediately prior to the date of enactment of the Postal Reorganization Act between the Post Office Department and any organization of postal employees which provides for deduction by the Department of the regular and periodic dues of the organization from the pay of its members, shall continue in full force and effect and the obligation for such deductions shall be assumed by the Postal Service. No such deduction shall be made from the pay of any employee except on his written assignment, which shall be irrevocable for a period of not more than one year.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 735.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe date of enactment of the Postal Reorganization Act, referred to in subsec. (b), means the date of enactment of Pub. L. 91–375, which was approved Aug. 12, 1970.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-12/section-1206.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1206"
+description: "Collective-bargaining agreements"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "12"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYEE-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS"
+section: "1206"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1206"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1206"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "43ec4e1f36049b8c926c3feb53439b115a4fa7eccbd1a6b8885a52e4914dfb79"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "b54ecf30a33d2d33950c669f272aeeab8533eeb29cc290926acddc518f861234"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1206 - Collective-bargaining agreements
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Collective-bargaining agreements between the Postal Service and bargaining representatives recognized under section 1203 of this title shall be effective for not less than 2 years.
+
+(b) Collective-bargaining agreements between the Postal Service and bargaining representatives recognized under section 1203 may include any procedures for resolution by the parties of grievances and adverse actions arising under the agreement, including procedures culminating in binding third-party arbitration, or the parties may adopt any such procedures by mutual agreement in the event of a dispute.
+
+(c) The Postal Service and bargaining representatives recognized under section 1203 may by mutual agreement adopt procedures for the resolution of disputes or impasses arising in the negotiation of a collective-bargaining agreement.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 735.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Use of Funds for Restructuring of Employee Compensation PracticesPub. L. 98–396, title III, § 303, Aug. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 1422, provided that: “None of the funds made available to the United States Postal Service under this Act [see Tables for classification] or any other Act may be used to restructure employee compensation practices as in effect under the most recently effective collective bargaining agreement under section 1206 of title 39, United States Code, except in accordance with the results of procedures set forth in section 1207 of such title.”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-12/section-1207.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1207"
+description: "Labor disputes"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "12"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYEE-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS"
+section: "1207"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1207"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1207"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "ade0b5e6ce4803fce1498487f32e4cec10c9c487f988ca4ea3fcca34dbe49f0f"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "16206c0441dcbcc04809e163020ecb4fdc04bed8fbdbe8247a1281a4300a0c10"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1207 - Labor disputes
+
+## Text
+
+(a) If there is a collective-bargaining agreement in effect, no party to such agreement shall terminate or modify such agreement unless the party desiring such termination or modification serves written notice upon the other party to the agreement of the proposed termination or modification not less than 90 days prior to the expiration date thereof, or not less than 90 days prior to the time it is proposed to make such termination or modification. The party serving such notice shall notify the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service of the existence of a dispute within 45 days after such notice, if no agreement has been reached by that time.
+
+(b) If the parties fail to reach agreement or to adopt a procedure providing for a binding resolution of a dispute by the expiration date of the agreement in effect, or the date of the proposed termination or modification, the Director of the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service shall within 10 days appoint a mediator of nationwide reputation and professional stature, and who is also a member of the National Academy of Arbitrators. The parties shall cooperate with the mediator in an effort to reach an agreement and shall meet and negotiate in good faith at such times and places that the mediator, in consultation with the parties, shall direct.
+
+(c) (1) If no agreement is reached within 60 days after the expiration or termination of the agreement or the date on which the agreement became subject to modification under subsection (a) of this section, or if the parties decide upon arbitration but do not agree upon the procedures therefore, an arbitration board shall be established consisting of 3 members, 1 of whom shall be selected by the Postal Service, 1 by the bargaining representative of the employees, and the third by the 2 thus selected. If either of the parties fails to select a member, or if the members chosen by the parties fail to agree on the third person within 5 days after their first meeting, the selection shall be made from a list of names provided by the Director. This list shall consist of not less then 9 names of arbitrators of nationwide reputation and professional nature, who are also members of the National Academy of Arbitrators, and whom the Director has determined are available and willing to serve.
+
+(2) The arbitration board shall give the parties a full and fair hearing, including an opportunity to present evidence in support of their claims, and an opportunity to present their case in person, by counsel or by other representative as they may elect. Decisions of the arbitration board shall be conclusive and binding upon the parties. The arbitration board shall render its decision within 45 days after its appointment.
+
+(3) Costs of the arbitration board and mediation shall be shared equally by the Postal Service and the bargaining representative.
+
+(d) In the case of a bargaining unit whose recognized collective-bargaining representative does not have an agreement with the Postal Service, if the parties fail to reach the agreement within 90 days after the commencement of collective bargaining, a mediator shall be appointed in accordance with the terms in subsection (b) of this section, unless the parties have previously agreed to another procedure for a binding resolution of their differences. If the parties fail to reach agreement within 180 days after the commencement of collective bargaining, and if they have not agreed to another procedure for binding resolution, an arbitration board shall be established to provide conclusive and binding arbitration in accordance with the terms of subsection (c) of this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 735; Pub. L. 109–435, title V, § 505(a), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3235.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2006—Pub. L. 109–435 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section consisted of subsecs. (a) to (d) relating to labor disputes between the Postal Service and bargaining representatives.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-12/section-1208.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1208"
+description: "Suits"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "12"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYEE-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS"
+section: "1208"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1208"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1208"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "be66bada87194e7665841dadb0fc598b1e97438cbe73a4d2169e45381076af88"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "cc7723b8bc486d9f284dc5078eab03ee57164e3c05fe3c699b76ca8773890a5e"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1208 - Suits
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction with respect to actions brought by the National Labor Relations Board under this chapter to the same extent that they have jurisdiction with respect to actions under title 29.
+
+(b) Suits for violation of contracts between the Postal Service and a labor organization representing Postal Service employees, or between any such labor organizations, may be brought in any district court of the United States having jurisdiction of the parties, without respect to the amount in controversy.
+
+(c) A labor organization and the Postal Service shall be bound by the authorized acts of their agents. Any labor organization may sue or be sued as an entity and in behalf of the employees whom it represents in the courts of the United States. Any money judgment against a labor organization in a district court of the United States shall be enforcible only against the organization as an entity and against its assets, and shall not be enforcible against any individual member or his assets.
+
+(d) For the purposes of actions and proceedings by or against labor organizations in the district courts of the United States, district courts shall be deemed to have jurisdiction of a labor organization (1) in the district in which such organization maintains its principal offices, or (2) in any district in which its duly authorized officers or agents are engaged in representing or acting for employee members.
+
+(e) The service of summons, subpena, or other legal process of any court of the United States upon an officer or agent of a labor organization, in his capacity as such, shall constitute service upon the labor organization.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 736.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-12/section-1209.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 1209"
+description: "Applicability of Federal labor laws"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "12"
+chapter_name: "EMPLOYEE-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS"
+section: "1209"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 1209"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s1209"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "3288cd811fbb062fcd80a4a34a758cd26e29c309295c1009d6476c96ee47755b"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "9f722f5f4f7badb8240c6447972e1a8d54ae311385ca40c3ccd9fd9de0550512"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 1209 - Applicability of Federal labor laws
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Employee-management relations shall, to the extent not inconsistent with provisions of this title, be subject to the provisions of subchapter II of chapter 7 of title 29.
+
+(b) The provisions of chapter 11 of title 29 shall be applicable to labor organizations that have or are seeking to attain recognition under section 1203 of this title, and to such organizations, officers, agents, shop stewards, other representatives, and members to the extent to which such provisions would be applicable if the Postal Service were an employer under section 402 of title 29. In addition to the authority conferred on him under section 438 of title 29, the Secretary of Labor shall have authority, by regulation issued with the written concurrence of the Postal Service, to prescribe simplified reports for any such labor organization. The Secretary of Labor may revoke such provision for simplified forms of any such labor organization if he determines, after such investigation as he deems proper and after due notice and opportunity for a hearing, that the purposes of this chapter and of chapter 11 of title 29 would be served thereby.
+
+(c) Each employee of the Postal Service shall have the right, freely and without fear of penalty or reprisal, to form, join, and assist a labor organization or to refrain from any such activity, and each employee shall be protected in the exercise of this right.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 737.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-2/section-201.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 201"
+description: "United States Postal Service"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "2"
+chapter_name: "ORGANIZATION"
+section: "201"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 201"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s201"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "b7c282265938fa61f54387c0e26b8be643d86b696a46cb8388e390545cf26856"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "212c526aa2f692eaad32e596668987d3bbc99969e681cec4410fdddf6ad7e7dd"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 201 - United States Postal Service
+
+## Text
+
+There is established, as an independent establishment of the executive branch of the Government of the United States, the United States Postal Service.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 720.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Transfer of Functions; Abolition of Office Pub. L. 91–375, § 4(a), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 773, provided that: “There are hereby transferred to the United States Postal Service all the functions, powers, and duties of the Post Office Department and the Postmaster General of the Post Office Department, and the Post Office Department and the office of Postmaster General of the Post Office Department are abolished.” Provisions of section 4(a) of Pub. L. 91–375 effective within 1 year after Aug. 12, 1970, on date established therefor by the Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service and published by it in the Federal Register, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Inspector General of the United States Postal ServicePub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title VI, § 662(e)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–382, provided that: “(1) First appointment.—The first Inspector General of the United States Postal Service appointed pursuant to the amendments made by this section [amending sections 102, 202, 204, 410, and 1003 of this title, section 5315 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and section 8G of the Inspector General Act of 1978, Pub. L. 95–452, formerly set out in the Appendix to Title 5, and renumbering another section 8G of the Inspector General Act of 1978 as 8H] shall be appointed before the end of the 90-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 30, 1996]. “(2) Transfers.—“(A) In general.—All measures described in section 8G(b) of the Inspector General Act of 1978 [see 5 U.S.C. 415(b)] necessary to establish an Office of Inspector General within the United States Postal Service pursuant to this section, including all appropriate transfers, shall occur—“(i) no earlier than the date the appointment under paragraph (1) is made; and “(ii) no later than 60 days after the date the appointment under paragraph (1) is made. “(B) Provisions relating to personnel.—“(i) Consultation.—Decisions concerning which personnel are to be transferred pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall be made by the Governors (within the meaning of section 102(3) of title 39, United States Code) in consultation with the Inspector General appointed under paragraph (1). “(ii) Transferred personnel.—Personnel transferred pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall, to the extent not inconsistent with other provisions of this subsection, be transferred in accordance with applicable laws and regulations relating to the transfer of functions within the United States Postal Service, except that, notwithstanding any provision of section 1003(b) of title 39, United States Code, as amended by this section, the classification and compensation of such personnel shall not be reduced, by reason of having been transferred, for 1 year after being so transferred. “(3) Transition provision.—The Chief Postal Inspector may continue to serve as Inspector General of the United States Postal Service until the date on which an Inspector General is appointed under paragraph (1) or, if earlier, the end of the period referred to in such paragraph. Compensation for any service under this paragraph shall be determined as if this section had not been enacted.”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-2/section-202.md

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 202"
+description: "Board of Governors"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "2"
+chapter_name: "ORGANIZATION"
+section: "202"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 202"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s202"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "31cec7423ae63580a3e41dde7e1fe41a9db587d014f5f5ed278bda7e1126f4a3"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "81e9f6458a2ad1e3a9e137f2e22a39d642fce8e70ad4d3e18fe770d095da91fb"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 202 - Board of Governors
+
+## Text
+
+(a) (1) The exercise of the power of the Postal Service shall be directed by a Board of Governors composed of 11 members appointed in accordance with this section. Nine of the members, to be known as Governors, shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, not more than 5 of whom may be adherents of the same political party. The Governors shall elect a Chairman from among the members of the Board. The Governors shall represent the public interest generally, and shall be chosen solely on the basis of their experience in the field of public service, law or accounting or on their demonstrated ability in managing organizations or corporations (in either the public or private sector) of substantial size; except that at least 4 of the Governors shall be chosen solely on the basis of their demonstrated ability in managing organizations or corporations (in either the public or private sector) that employ at least 50,000 employees. The Governors shall not be representatives of specific interests using the Postal Service, and may be removed only for cause. Each Governor shall receive a salary of $30,000 a year plus $300 a day for not more than 42 days of meetings each year and shall be reimbursed for travel and reasonable expenses incurred in attending meetings of the Board. Nothing in the preceding sentence shall be construed to limit the number of days of meetings each year to 42 days.
+
+(2) In selecting the individuals described in paragraph (1) for nomination for appointment to the position of Governor, the President should consult with the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the minority leader of the House of Representatives, the majority leader of the Senate, and the minority leader of the Senate.
+
+(b) (1) The terms of the 9 Governors shall be 7 years, except that the terms of the 9 Governors first taking office shall expire as designated by the President at the time of appointment, 1 at the end of 1 year, 1 at the end of 2 years, 1 at the end of 3 years, 1 at the end of 4 years, 1 at the end of 5 years, 1 at the end of 6 years, 1 at the end of 7 years, 1 at the end of 8 years, and 1 at the end of 9 years, following the appointment of the first of them. Any Governor appointed to fill a vacancy before the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall serve for the remainder of such term. A Governor may continue to serve after the expiration of his term until his successor has qualified, but not to exceed one year.
+
+(2) No person may serve more than 2 terms as a Governor.
+
+(c) The Governors shall appoint and shall have the power to remove the Postmaster General, who shall be a voting member of the Board. His pay and term of service shall be fixed by the Governors.
+
+(d) The Governors and the Postmaster General shall appoint and shall have the power to remove the Deputy Postmaster General, who shall be a voting member of the Board. His term of service shall be fixed by the Governors and the Postmaster General and his pay by the Governors.
+
+(e) (1) The Governors and the members of the Postal Regulatory Commission shall appoint, by a favorable vote of a majority of the Governors in office and of a majority of the members of the Commission in office, and shall have the power to remove the Inspector General.
+
+(2) The Inspector General shall be appointed—
+
+(A) for a term of 7 years;
+
+(B) without regard to political affiliation; and
+
+(C) solely on the basis of integrity and demonstrated ability in accounting, auditing, financial analysis, law, management analysis, public administration, or investigations.
+
+(3) The Inspector General may at any time be removed upon the written concurrence of at least 7 Governors and 3 members of the Postal Regulatory Commission, but only for cause. Nothing in this subsection shall be considered to exempt the Governors from the requirements of section 415(e) of title 5.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 720; Pub. L. 98–81, § 2, Aug. 23, 1983, 97 Stat. 487; Pub. L. 99–190, § 144, Dec. 19, 1985, 99 Stat. 1324; Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title VI, §§ 644(a), 662(a)(1)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–366, 3009–378; Pub. L. 109–435, title V, § 501(a)(1), (b), (c)(1), (d)(1), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3232, 3233; Pub. L. 117–108, title II, § 209(b), Apr. 6, 2022, 136 Stat. 1152; Pub. L. 117–286, § 4(b)(62), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4350.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2022—Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 117–108, § 209(b)(1), substituted “The Governors and the members of the Postal Regulatory Commission shall appoint, by a favorable vote of a majority of the Governors in office and of a majority of the members of the Commission in office,” for “The Governors shall appoint”. Subsec. (e)(3). Pub. L. 117–286 substituted “section 415(e) of title 5.” for “section 8G(e) of the Inspector General Act of 1978.” Pub. L. 117–108, § 209(b)(2), inserted “and 3 members of the Postal Regulatory Commission” after “at least 7 Governors”. 2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–435, § 501(a)(1), designated existing provisions as par. (1) and substituted “The Governors shall represent the public interest generally, and shall be chosen solely on the basis of their experience in the field of public service, law or accounting or on their demonstrated ability in managing organizations or corporations (in either the public or private sector) of substantial size; except that at least 4 of the Governors shall be chosen solely on the basis of their demonstrated ability in managing organizations or corporations (in either the public or private sector) that employ at least 50,000 employees. The Governors shall not be representatives of specific interests using the Postal Service, and may be removed only for cause.” for “The Governors shall be chosen to represent the public interest generally, and shall not be representatives of specific interests using the Postal Service, and may be removed only for cause.” Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 109–435, § 501(b), added par. (2). Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–435, § 501(d)(1), designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2). Pub. L. 109–435, § 501(c)(1), which directed amendment of first sentence by substituting “7 years” for “9 years”, was executed by making substitution for “9 years” the first place appearing in first sentence, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. 1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–208, § 101(f) [title VI, § 644(a)], substituted “$30,000 a year” for “$10,000 a year”. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 104–208, § 101(f) [title VI, § 662(a)(1)], added subsec. (e). 1985—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–190 substituted “42” for “30” in two places. 1983—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–81 inserted provision that a Governor may continue to serve after the expiration of his term until his successor has qualified, but not to exceed one year.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2022 AmendmentPub. L. 117–108, title II, § 209(e), Apr. 6, 2022, 136 Stat. 1152, provided that: “This section [amending this section, section 504 of this title, and former section 8G of Pub. L. 95–452 (see section 415 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees), and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 415 of Title 5] and the amendments made by this section shall take effect on the date that is 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Apr. 6, 2022].”
+
+Effective Date of 2006 AmendmentPub. L. 109–435, title V, § 501(a)(2), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3232, provided that: “The amendment made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall not affect the appointment or tenure of any person serving as a Governor of the United States Postal Service under an appointment made before the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 20, 2006][;] however, when any such office becomes vacant, the appointment of any person to fill that office shall be made in accordance with such amendment. The requirement set forth in the fourth sentence of section 202(a)(1) of title 39, United States Code (as amended by subsection (a)) shall be met beginning not later than 9 years after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 20, 2006].” Pub. L. 109–435, title V, § 501(c)(2), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3233, provided that: “(A) Continuation by incumbents.—The amendment made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall not affect the tenure of any person serving as a Governor of the United States Postal Service on the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 20, 2006] and such person may continue to serve the remainder of the applicable term. “(B) Vacancy by incumbent before 7 years of service.—If a person who is serving as a Governor of the United States Postal Service on the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 20, 2006] resigns, is removed, or dies before the expiration of the 9-year term of that Governor, and that Governor has served less than 7 years of that term, the resulting vacancy in office shall be treated as a vacancy in a 7-year term. “(C) Vacancy by incumbent after 7 years of service.—If a person who is serving as a Governor of the United States Postal Service on the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 20, 2006] resigns, is removed, or dies before the expiration of the 9-year term of that Governor, and that Governor has served 7 years or more of that term, that term shall be deemed to have been a 7-year term beginning on its commencement date for purposes of determining vacancies in office. Any appointment to the vacant office shall be for a 7-year term beginning at the end of the original 9-year term determined without regard to the deeming under the preceding sentence. Nothing in this subparagraph shall be construed to affect any action or authority of any Governor or the Board of Governors during any portion of a 9-year term deemed to be a 7-year term under this subparagraph.” Pub. L. 109–435, title V, § 501(d)(2), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3233, provided that: “The amendments made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall not affect the tenure of any person serving as a Governor of the United States Postal Service on the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 20, 2006] with respect to the term which that person is serving on that date. Such person may continue to serve the remainder of the applicable term, after which the amendments made by paragraph (1) shall apply.”
+
+Effective Date of 1996 AmendmentPub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title VI, § 644(b)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–366, provided that: “Subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect at the beginning of the next applicable pay period beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 30, 1996].”
+
+Effective DateSection effective Aug. 12, 1970, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Savings ProvisionPayment to Governors of Board of Governors of Postal Service of $300 a day for not more than 60 days of meetings in each of first 2 years following effective date of this section [see Effective Date note set out above], notwithstanding this section, see section 5(g) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-2/section-203.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 203"
+description: "Postmaster General; Deputy Postmaster General"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "2"
+chapter_name: "ORGANIZATION"
+section: "203"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 203"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s203"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "04b042dab3b22442e92e8365f7c1a029a4c6ab26377b0572417a8a9379821bea"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "b64257fd425f08b9140e7193916c47c79e0f6252d4ba193da432fae69225ed20"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 203 - Postmaster General; Deputy Postmaster General
+
+## Text
+
+The chief executive officer of the Postal Service is the Postmaster General appointed under section 202(c) of this title. The alternate chief executive officer of the Postal Service is the Deputy Postmaster General appointed under section 202(d) of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 721.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective Aug. 12, 1970, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-2/section-204.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 204"
+description: "General Counsel; Judicial Officer; Chief Postal Inspector"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "2"
+chapter_name: "ORGANIZATION"
+section: "204"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 204"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s204"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "62e0b11b9a168306be8ebc6fa85ef68616c32dcdc92237f7c869cd4afa58d614"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "fbcbb0aee862b21c4ca5e16669a6939ddab5711f03245df4d6b595a4d5076da8"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 204 - General Counsel; Judicial Officer; Chief Postal Inspector
+
+## Text
+
+There shall be within the Postal Service a General Counsel, such number of Assistant Postmasters General as the Board shall consider appropriate, a Judicial Officer, and a Chief Postal Inspector. The General Counsel, the Assistant Postmasters General, the Judicial Officer, and the Chief Postal Inspector shall be appointed by, and serve at the pleasure of, the Postmaster General. The Judicial Officer shall perform such quasi-judicial duties, not inconsistent with chapter 36 of this title, as the Postmaster General may designate. The Judicial Officer shall be the agency for the purposes of the requirements of chapter 5 of title 5, to the extent that functions are delegated to him by the Postmaster General. The Chief Postal Inspector shall report to, and be under the general supervision of, the Postmaster General. The Postmaster General shall promptly notify the Governors and both Houses of Congress in writing if he or she removes the Chief Postal Inspector or transfers the Chief Postal Inspector to another position or location within the Postal Service, and shall include in any such notification the reasons for the removal or transfer.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 721; Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title VI, § 662(f)(2)(A)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–382.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1996—Pub. L. 104–208, § 101(f) [title VI, § 662(f)(2)(A)(i)], in section catchline substituted “General Counsel; Judicial Officer; Chief Postal Inspector” for “Assistant Postmasters General; General Counsel; Judicial Officer”. Pub. L. 104–208, § 101(f) [title VI, § 662(f)(2)(A)(ii)–(iv)], substituted “a Judicial Officer, and a Chief Postal Inspector.” for “and a Judicial Officer.” and “the Judicial Officer, and the Chief Postal Inspector” for “and the Judicial Officer”, and inserted at end “The Chief Postal Inspector shall report to, and be under the general supervision of, the Postmaster General. The Postmaster General shall promptly notify the Governors and both Houses of Congress in writing if he or she removes the Chief Postal Inspector or transfers the Chief Postal Inspector to another position or location within the Postal Service, and shall include in any such notification the reasons for the removal or transfer.”
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective Jan. 20, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–7 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-2/section-205.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 205"
+description: "Procedures of the Board of Governors"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "2"
+chapter_name: "ORGANIZATION"
+section: "205"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 205"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s205"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "9647b44c6b6e848a5d2f033d698ae83bb2f6e69910f6acdd892da98be1e35b24"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "a3a2ce10a93963d415ed1b70357a3a10c84ce706254ef7740cdb5e1796568d5c"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 205 - Procedures of the Board of Governors
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The Board shall direct and control the expenditures and review the practices and policies of the Postal Service, and perform other functions and duties prescribed by this title.
+
+(b) Vacancies in the Board, as long as there are sufficient members to form a quorum, shall not impair the powers of the Board under this title.
+
+(c) The Board shall act upon majority vote of those members who are present, and any 6 members present shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business by the Board, except—
+
+(1) that in the appointment or removal of the Postmaster General, and in setting the compensation of the Postmaster General and Deputy Postmaster General, a favorable vote of an absolute majority of the Governors in office shall be required;
+
+(2) that in the appointment or removal of the Deputy Postmaster General, a favorable vote of an absolute majority of the Governors in office and the member serving as Postmaster General shall be required; and
+
+(3) as otherwise provided in this title.
+
+(d) No officer or employee of the United States may serve concurrently as a Governor. A Governor may hold any other office or employment not inconsistent or in conflict with his duties, responsibilities, and powers as an officer of the Government of the United States in the Postal Service.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 721.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSubsecs. (a) and (d) effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors, and subsecs. (b) and (c) effective Aug. 12, 1970. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-2/section-206.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 206"
+description: "Advisory Council"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "2"
+chapter_name: "ORGANIZATION"
+section: "206"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 206"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s206"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "eaf2f73a1e220e202a8e2776745c983430079cc36227060792a9ff12fb52e8bb"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "0ed87bab9afbfb0b80a5d9a3971e9d569ed5d4c4c7da686bceeee6694e86327a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 206 - Advisory Council
+
+## Text
+
+(a) There shall be a Postal Service Advisory Council of which the Postmaster General shall be the Chairman and the Deputy Postmaster General shall be the Vice Chairman. The Advisory Council shall have 11 additional members appointed by the President. He shall appoint as such members (1) 4 persons from among persons nominated by those labor organizations recognized as collective-bargaining representatives for employees of the Postal Service in one or more collective-bargaining units, (2) 4 persons as representatives of major mail users, and (3) 3 persons as representatives of the public at large. All members shall be appointed for terms of 2 years except that, of those first appointed, 2 of the members representative of labor organizations, 2 of the members representative of major postal users, and 1 member representing the public at large shall be appointed for 1 year. Any member appointed to fill a vacancy occurring before the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall serve for the remainder of such term.
+
+(b) The Postal Service shall consult with and receive the advice of the Advisory Council regarding all aspects of postal operations.
+
+(c) The members of the Council representative of the public at large shall receive for each meeting of the Council an amount equal to the daily rate applicable to level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of title 5. All members of the Council shall be reimbursed for necessary travel and reasonable expenses incurred in attending meetings of the Council.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 722.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective Aug. 12, 1970, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Termination of Advisory CouncilsAdvisory councils in existence on Jan. 5, 1973, to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period following Jan. 5, 1973, unless, in the case of a council established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such council is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a council established by the Congress, its duration is otherwise provided by law. See sections 1001(2) and 1013 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-2/section-207.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 207"
+description: "Seal"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "2"
+chapter_name: "ORGANIZATION"
+section: "207"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 207"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s207"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "ed7874679f5c8b46b5589ff6e01961ed00f8a080556605c1c1e489bc3c53c99c"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "a656e6c1a1b25dd39e5b897e1351d540b38d451c535ad3a27a938d283e48c6f0"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 207 - Seal
+
+## Text
+
+The seal of the Postal Service shall be filed by the Board in the Office of the Secretary of State, judicially noticed, affixed to all commissions of officers of the Postal Service, and used to authenticate records of the Postal Service.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 722.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective Jan. 16, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–5 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-2/section-208.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 208"
+description: "Reservation of powers"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "2"
+chapter_name: "ORGANIZATION"
+section: "208"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 208"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s208"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "0304ef8ac31e1bf30dcc3e5d2e4434d16aad97896a5e810a8ca472c7997d6bba"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "8336188751574117132463048b747d19cdb5d1056c9c841c39b7c91bd850e891"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 208 - Reservation of powers
+
+## Text
+
+Congress reserves the power to alter, amend, or repeal any or all of the sections of this title, but no such alteration, amendment, or repeal shall impair the obligation of any contract made by the Postal Service under any power conferred by this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 722.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-20/section-2001.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2001"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "20"
+chapter_name: "FINANCE"
+section: "2001"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2001"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2001"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "a525360f152d9fa5d4f1a252efdf24efdec11ed39f0464a1a74dde5dba1e40bd"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "911e03b8043281328891fb64f510fb23ec26390a639b67e4e1478c986bc263fb"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2001 - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+As used in this chapter—
+
+(1) “Fund” means the Postal Service Fund established by section 2003 of this chapter;
+
+(2) Competitive products fund.— The term “Competitive Products Fund” means the Postal Service Competitive Products Fund established by section 2011; and
+
+(3) “obligations”, when referring to debt instruments issued by the Postal Service, means notes, bonds, debentures, mortgages, and any other evidence of indebtedness.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 738; Pub. L. 109–435, title IV, § 401(b)(1), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3225.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2006—Pars. (2), (3). Pub. L. 109–435 added par. (2) and redesignated former par. (2) as (3).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-20/section-2002.md

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2002"
+description: "Capital of the Postal Service"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "20"
+chapter_name: "FINANCE"
+section: "2002"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2002"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2002"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "09520c7c59087d199b83cfa0448bb83f9ba71fca6ef8ab71f4b07de8b1461e64"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "6571551f6c3682e6a0c85d91a2c6cac91d3a851b15f00b90170da3c9650f8f61"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2002 - Capital of the Postal Service
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The initial capital of the Postal Service shall consist of the equity, as reflected in the budget of the President, of the Government of the United States in the former Post Office Department. The value of assets and the amount of liabilities transferred to the Postal Service upon the commencement of operations of the Postal Service shall be determined by the Postal Service subject to the approval of the Comptroller General, in accordance with the following guidelines:
+
+(1) Assets shall be valued on the basis of original cost less depreciation, to the extent that such value can be determined. The value recorded on the former Post Office Department’s books of account shall be prima facie evidence of asset value.
+
+(2) All liabilities attributable to operations of the former Post Office Department shall remain liabilities of the Government of the United States, except that upon commencement of operations of the Postal Service, the unexpended balances of appropriations made to, held or used by, or available to the former Post Office Department and all liabilities chargeable thereto shall become assets and liabilities, respectively, of the Postal Service.
+
+(b) The capital of the Postal Service at any time shall consist of its assets, including the balance in the Fund and the balance in the Competitive Products Fund, less its liabilities.
+
+(c) The Postal Service, and the Administrator of General Services where properties under the jurisdiction of the Administrator are involved, with the approval of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, shall determine which Federal properties shall be transferred to the Postal Service and which shall remain under the jurisdiction of any other department, agency, or establishment of the Government of the United States upon the commencement of operations of the Postal Service. The transfer shall be accomplished at the time of or as near as possible to the commencement of operations of the Postal Service and the valuation of the assets and capital of the Postal Service shall be adjusted accordingly. The following properties shall be included in the transfer:
+
+(1) the mail equipment shops located in Washington, District of Columbia;
+
+(2) all machinery, equipment, and appurtenances of the former Post Office Department;
+
+(3) all real property whose ownership was acquired by the Postmaster General under former section 2103 of this title, as in effect immediately prior to the effective date of this section, or which immediately prior to such effective date, is under the administration of the former Post Office Department for the purpose of constructing a postal building from funds appropriated or transferred to the former Post Office Department, together with all funds appropriated or allocated therefor;
+
+(4) all real property 55 percent or more of which is occupied by or under control of the former Post Office Department immediately prior to the effective date of this section;
+
+(5) all contracts, records, and documents relating to the operation of the departmental service and the postal field service of the former Post Office Department; and
+
+(6) all other property and assets of the former Post Office Department.
+
+(d) After the commencement of operations of the Postal Service, the President is authorized to transfer to the Postal Service, and the Postal Service is authorized to transfer to other departments, agencies, or independent establishments of the Government of the United States, with or without reimbursement, any property of that department, agency, or independent establishment and the Postal Service, respectively, when the public interest would be served by such transfer.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 738; Pub. L. 109–435, title IV, § 401(b)(2), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3225.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe effective date of this section, referred to in subsec. (c)(3), (4), is July 1, 1971. See Effective Date note set out under section 2001 of this title.
+
+Amendments2006—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–435 substituted “Fund and the balance in the Competitive Products Fund,” for “Fund,”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Assets of Postal ServicePub. L. 91–375, § 4(b), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 774, provided that: “Postal revenues and fees collected on and after the effective date of this section [see note below] shall be considered assets of the Postal Service.” [Provisions of section 4(b) of Pub. L. 91–375 effective within 1 year after Aug. 12, 1970, on date established therefor by the Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service and published by it in the Federal Register, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of this title.]
+
+Executive Documents
+
+Ex. Ord. No. 11672. Transfer or Furnishing of Property Ex. Ord. No. 11672, June 6, 1972, 37 F.R. 11455, provided: By virtue of the authority vested in me by the Postal Reorganization Act (39 U.S.C. 2002(d)) and section 301 of title 3 of the United States Code, and as President of the United States it is hereby ordered as follows: Section 1. The authority conferred upon the President by section 2002(d) of title 39 of the United States Code is hereby delegated to the Administrator of General Services subject to the provisions of this order. Sec. 2. Property transferred to the Postal Service under this order shall be subject to reimbursement at fair market value, as agreed to by the Administrator of General Services and the Postmaster General, unless the Director of the Office of Management and Budget finds that a different basis of valuation, or transfer without reimbursement, is more equitable or better serves the public interest. Sec. 3. Reimbursement of fair market value required for property transfers to the Postal Service under this order may consist of cash payments or, subject to approval by the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, property transferred from the Postal Service to other departments, agencies, or independent establishments of the Government of the United States, or both cash and approved properties. Sec. 4. Heads of agencies furnishing property to the Postal Service under section 411 of title 39 of the United States Code shall require reimbursement at fair market value of such property or at a rate based on appropriate commercial charges for comparable property, as agreed to by the agency head and the Postmaster General, unless the Director of the Office of Management and Budget finds that a different basis of valuation is more equitable or better serves the public interest. Sec. 5. Delegations of authority made in this order may be redelegated. Richard Nixon.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-20/section-2003.md

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2003"
+description: "The Postal Service Fund"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "20"
+chapter_name: "FINANCE"
+section: "2003"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2003"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2003"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "cb3b0e2808f1e4480b0a0d26cd480e57972d3e99fabe38dac4b3e975cb54d8ae"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "8b37f171a3d5da2738cf5ec258fdf9bcfc453c4a3f13f01a5a7d4eae88a3a299"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2003 - The Postal Service Fund
+
+## Text
+
+(a) There is established in the Treasury of the United States a revolving fund to be called the Postal Service Fund which shall be available to the Postal Service without fiscal-year limitation to carry out the purposes, functions, and powers authorized by this title (other than any of the purposes, functions, or powers for which the Competitive Products Fund is available).
+
+(b) Except as otherwise provided in section 2011, there shall be deposited in the Fund, subject to withdrawal by check by the Postal Service—
+
+(1) revenues from postal and nonpostal services rendered by the Postal Service;
+
+(2) amounts received from obligations issued by the Postal Service;
+
+(3) amounts appropriated for the use of the Postal Service;
+
+(4) interest which may be earned on investments of the Fund;
+
+(5) any other receipts of the Postal Service;
+
+(6) the balance in the Post Office Department Fund established under former section 2202 of title 39 as of the commencement of operations of the Postal Service;
+
+(7) amounts (including proceeds from the sale of forfeited items) from any civil forfeiture conducted by the Postal Service;
+
+(8) any transfers from the Secretary of the Treasury from the Department of the Treasury Forfeiture Fund which shall be available to the Postmaster General only for Federal law enforcement related purposes; and
+
+(9) any amounts collected under section 3018.
+
+(c) If the Postal Service determines that the moneys of the Fund are in excess of current needs, it may request the investment of such amounts as it deems advisable by the Secretary of the Treasury in obligations of, or obligations guaranteed by, the Government of the United States, and, with the approval of the Secretary, in such other obligations or securities as it deems appropriate.
+
+(d) With the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury, the Postal Service may deposit moneys of the Fund in any Federal Reserve bank, any depository for public funds, or in such other places and in such manner as the Postal Service and the Secretary may mutually agree.
+
+(e) (1) The Fund shall be available for the payment of (A) all expenses incurred by the Postal Service in carrying out its functions as provided by law, subject to the same limitation as set forth in the parenthetical matter under subsection (a); (B) all expenses of the Postal Regulatory Commission, pursuant to section 504(d); and (C) all expenses of the Office of Inspector General, subject to the availability of amounts appropriated under section 415(f) of title 5. The Postmaster General shall transfer from the Fund to the Secretary of the Treasury for deposit in the Department of the Treasury Forfeiture Fund amounts appropriate to reflect the degree of participation of Department of the Treasury law enforcement organizations (described in section 9705(n) of title 31) in the law enforcement effort resulting in the forfeiture pursuant to laws enforced or administered by the Postal Service. Neither the Fund nor any of the funds credited to it shall be subject to apportionment under the provisions of subchapter II of chapter 15 of title 31.
+
+(2) Funds appropriated to the Postal Service under section 2401 of this title shall be apportioned as provided in this paragraph. From the total amounts appropriated to the Postal Service for any fiscal year under the authorizations contained in section 2401 of this title, the Secretary of the Treasury shall make available to the Postal Service 25 percent of such amount at the beginning of each quarter of such fiscal year.
+
+(f) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, any amounts appropriated to the Postal Service under subsection (d) of section 2401 of this title and deposited into the Fund shall be expended by the Postal Service only for the purposes provided in such subsection.
+
+(g) Notwithstanding any provision of section 8147 of title 5, whenever the Secretary of Labor furnishes a statement to the Postal Service indicating an amount due from the Postal Service under subsection (b) of that section, the Postal Service shall make the deposit required pursuant to that statement (and any additional payment under subsection (c) of that section, to the extent that it relates to the period covered by such statement) not later than 30 days after the date on which such statement is so furnished. Any deposit (and any additional payment) which is subject to the preceding sentence shall, once made, remain available without fiscal year limitation.
+
+(h) Liabilities of the former Post Office Department to the Employees’ Compensation Fund (appropriations for which were authorized by former section 2004, as in effect before the effective date of this subsection) shall be liabilities of the Postal Service payable out of the Fund.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 739; Pub. L. 94–421, § 2(c), Sept. 24, 1976, 90 Stat. 1304; Pub. L. 97–35, title XVII, § 1725, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 760; Pub. L. 97–258, § 3(l)(1), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1066; Pub. L. 99–500, § 101(m) [title II, § 201(b)], Oct. 18, 1986, 100 Stat. 1783–308, 1783–314, and Pub. L. 99–591, § 101(m) [title II, § 201(b)], Oct. 30, 1986, 100 Stat. 3341–308, 3341–314; Pub. L. 100–690, title VI, § 6252, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4362; Pub. L. 101–239, title IV, § 4004(a), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2135; Pub. L. 102–393, title VI, § 638(g), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1790; Pub. L. 105–33, title VII, § 7003(a)(2)(B), (b), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 663; Pub. L. 109–435, title IV, § 401(b)(3), title VI, § 603(c)(2), title X, § 1008(c)(1), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3225, 3241, 3260; Pub. L. 114–22, title I, § 105(c)(2)(A)(iii), May 29, 2015, 129 Stat. 237; Pub. L. 117–108, title II, § 205(b)(1), Apr. 6, 2022, 136 Stat. 1148; Pub. L. 117–286, § 4(b)(66), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4350; Pub. L. 119–60, div. G, title LXXII, § 7207(d)(3), Dec. 18, 2025, 139 Stat. 1693.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextFormer section 2202 of title 39, referred to in subsec. (a)(6), means section 2202 of former Title 39, The Postal Service, prior to the general revision and reenactment of Title 39 by Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 719. Section 2004, as in effect before the effective date of this subsection, referred to in subsec. (h), means section 2004 of this title, as in effect before Oct. 1, 1997. Section 2004 was repealed by Pub. L. 105–33, title VII, § 7003(a)(1), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 663.
+
+Codification Pub. L. 99–591 is a corrected version of Pub. L. 99–500.
+
+Amendments2025—Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 119–60 substituted “9705(n)” for “9705(o)”. 2022—Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 117–286 substituted “section 415(f) of title 5.” for “section 8G(f) of the Inspector General Act of 1978.” Pub. L. 117–108, which directed amendment of subsec. (e) by substituting “(B) all expenses of the Postal Regulatory Commission, pursuant to section 504(d);” for “(B) all expenses of the Postal Regulatory Commission, subject to the availability of amounts appropriated under section 504(d);”, was executed to subsec. (e)(1) to reflect the probable intent of Congress. 2015—Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 114–22 substituted “section 9705(o)” for “section 9703(p)”. 2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–435, § 401(b)(3)(A), substituted “title (other than any of the purposes, functions, or powers for which the Competitive Products Fund is available)” for “title”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–435, § 401(b)(3)(B), substituted “Except as otherwise provided in section 2011, there” for “There”. Subsec. (b)(9). Pub. L. 109–435, § 1008(c)(1), added par. (9). Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 109–435, § 603(c)(2), substituted “The Fund shall be available for the payment of (A) all expenses incurred by the Postal Service in carrying out its functions as provided by law, subject to the same limitation as set forth in the parenthetical matter under subsection (a); (B) all expenses of the Postal Regulatory Commission, subject to the availability of amounts appropriated under section 504(d); and (C) all expenses of the Office of Inspector General, subject to the availability of amounts appropriated under section 8G(f) of the Inspector General Act of 1978.” for “The Fund shall be available for the payment of all expenses incurred by the Postal Service in carrying out its functions as provided by law and, subject to the provisions of section 3604 of this title, all of the expenses of the Postal Rate Commission.” 1997—Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 105–33, § 7003(a)(2)(B), substituted “section 2401” for “sections 2401 and 2004” in two places. Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 105–33, § 7003(b), added subsec. (h). 1992—Subsec. (b)(8). Pub. L. 102–393, § 638(g)(1), added par. (8). Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 102–393, § 638(g)(2), inserted after first sentence “The Postmaster General shall transfer from the Fund to the Secretary of the Treasury for deposit in the Department of the Treasury Forfeiture Fund amounts appropriate to reflect the degree of participation of Department of the Treasury law enforcement organizations (described in section 9703(p) of title 31) in the law enforcement effort resulting in the forfeiture pursuant to laws enforced or administered by the Postal Service.” 1989—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 101–239 added subsec. (g). 1988—Subsec. (b)(7). Pub. L. 100–690 struck out “administrative” after “civil” and “under title 18” after “Service”. 1986—Subsec. (b)(7). Pub. L. 99–500 and Pub. L. 99–591, § 101(m) [title II, § 201(b)(1)–(3)], added par. (7). Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 99–500 and Pub. L. 99–591, § 101(m) [title II, § 201(b)(4)], substituted “as provided by law” for “under this title”. 1982—Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 97–258 substituted “subchapter II of chapter 15 of title 31” for “section 665 of title 31”. 1981—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 97–35 redesignated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2). 1976—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 94–421 added subsec. (f).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2006 Amendment; Savings ProvisionsAmendment by section 603(c)(2) of Pub. L. 109–435 applicable with respect to fiscal years beginning on or after Oct. 1, 2008, subject to savings provisions, see section 603(d) of Pub. L. 109–435, set out as a note under section 504 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1997 AmendmentPub. L. 105–33, title VII, § 7003(c), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 663, provided that: “(1) In general.—This section [amending this section and repealing section 2004 of this title] and the amendments made by this section shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 5, 1997] or October 1, 1997, whichever is later. “(2) Provisions relating to payments for fiscal year 1998.—“(A) Amounts not yet paid.—No payment may be made to the Postal Service Fund, on or after the date of the enactment of this Act, pursuant to any appropriation for fiscal year 1998 authorized by section 2004 of title 39, United States Code (as in effect before the effective date of this section). “(B) Amounts paid.—If any payment to the Postal Service Fund is or has been made pursuant to an appropriation for fiscal year 1998 authorized by such section 2004, then, an amount equal to the amount of such payment shall be paid from such Fund into the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts before October 1, 1998.”
+
+Effective Date of 1989 AmendmentPub. L. 101–239, title IV, § 4004(b), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2135, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1989.”
+
+Effective Date of 1981 AmendmentPub. L. 97–35, title XVII, § 1727, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 761, provided that: “The provisions of this subtitle [subtitle B (§§ 1721–1727) of title XVII of Pub. L. 97–35, amending this section and section 2401 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 403, 2004, and 2401 of this title] (other than section 1726 and this section) shall take effect on October 1, 1981. The provisions of sections 1726 [enacting a provision set out as a note under section 403 of this title] and this section [enacting this provision] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 13, 1981].”
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Contributions by United States Postal Service to Civil Service Retirement and Disability FundPub. L. 100–203, title VI, § 6002, Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–276, provided that: “(a) Establishment of Postal Service Escrow Fund.—There is established as a separate account in the United States Treasury, the ‘Postal Service Escrow Fund’. Such Fund shall—“(1) have such amounts described under subsection (b)(2) deposited no later than October 31, 1988; “(2) not be available for expenditures of any amounts therein during the existence of such Fund; and “(3) cease to exist on October 1, 1989, and on such date all amounts deposited in such Fund under subsection (b)(2) shall be deposited in the Postal Service Fund established under section 2003 of title 39, United States Code. “(b) Deposit of Certain Savings in Certain Funds.—“(1) Fiscal year 1988.—From all funds available to the United States Postal Service in fiscal year 1988, the Postal Service shall deposit into the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund established under section 8348 of title 5, United States Code, an amount of $350,000,000 in fiscal year 1988, in addition to any amount deposited pursuant to subsection (h) of such section. “(2) Fiscal year 1989.—From all funds available to the United States Postal Service in fiscal year 1989, the Postal Service shall deposit into the Postal Service Escrow Fund an amount of $465,000,000 no later than October 31, 1988. “(c) Capital Limitations for Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989.—“(1) The United States Postal Service may not make any commitment or obligation to expend any monies deposited in the Postal Service Fund established under section 2003 of title 39, United States Code, for the capital investment program—“(A) in excess of $625,000,000 in fiscal year 1988; and “(B) in excess of $1,995,000,000 in fiscal year 1989. “(2) Capital investment programs.—For the purposes of paragraph (1) the term ‘capital investment program’ shall include all investments in long-term assets and capital investment expenditures (including direct and indirect costs associated with such investments and expenditures, such as obligations through contracts).”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-20/section-2004.md

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2004"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 105–33, title VII, § 7003(a)(1), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 663]"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "20"
+chapter_name: "FINANCE"
+section: "2004"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2004"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2004"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "ffdbc3ed6d9da1648e9636906af5227cd3c5c4254d482e4cf24d1c78a2d77668"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "5433520096daae7bfd757e29c48600162843adc770443a6118a6bd19c92a13f9"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2004 - Repealed. Pub. L. 105–33, title VII, § 7003(a)(1), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 663]
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 739, authorized appropriations to ensure a sound financial transition for the Postal Service.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of RepealRepeal effective Oct. 1, 1997, with special provisions relating to payments for fiscal year 1998, see section 7003(c) of Pub. L. 105–33, set out as an Effective Date of 1997 Amendment note under section 2003 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-20/section-2005.md

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2005"
+description: "Obligations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "20"
+chapter_name: "FINANCE"
+section: "2005"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2005"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2005"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "012307f9b4e4f58eb53375c30615535407fd587eefcbd6f053c4f87b833a7e6d"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "d5445da001b580bc2ed8fdf30583d24fb1c15898e321e2799f33ae2d4c1c9b76"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2005 - Obligations
+
+## Text
+
+(a) (1) The Postal Service is authorized to borrow money and to issue and sell such obligations as it determines necessary to carry out the purposes of this title, other than any of the purposes for which the corresponding authority is available to the Postal Service under section 2011. The aggregate amount of obligations issued by the Postal Service which may be outstanding at any one time shall not exceed the maximum amount then allowable under paragraph (2) of this subsection. In any one fiscal year, the net increase in the amount of obligations outstanding issued for the purpose of capital improvements and the net increase in the amount of obligations outstanding issued for the purpose of defraying operating expenses of the Postal Service shall not exceed a combined total of $3,000,000,000.
+
+(2) The maximum amount allowable under this paragraph is—
+
+(A) $10,000,000,000 for fiscal year 1990;
+
+(B) $12,500,000,000 for fiscal year 1991; and
+
+(C) $15,000,000,000 for fiscal year 1992 and each fiscal year thereafter.
+
+(3) For purposes of applying the respective limitations under this subsection, the aggregate amount of obligations issued by the Postal Service which are outstanding as of any one time, and the net increase in the amount of obligations outstanding issued by the Postal Service for the purpose of capital improvements or for the purpose of defraying operating expenses of the Postal Service in any fiscal year, shall be determined by aggregating the relevant obligations issued by the Postal Service under this section with the relevant obligations issued by the Postal Service under section 2011.
+
+(b) (1) The Postal Service may pledge the assets of the Postal Service and pledge and use its revenues and receipts for the payment of the principal of or interest on obligations issued by the Postal Service under this section, for the purchase or redemption thereof, and for other purposes incidental thereto, including creation of reserve, sinking, and other funds which may be similarly pledged and used, to such extent and in such manner as it deems necessary or desirable. The Postal Service is authorized to enter into binding covenants with the holders of such obligations, and with the trustee, if any, under any agreement entered into in connection with the issuance thereof with respect to the establishment of reserve, sinking, and other funds, application and use of revenues and receipts of the Postal Service, stipulations concerning the subsequent issuance of obligations or the execution of leases or lease purchases relating to properties of the Postal Service and such other matters as the Postal Service deems necessary or desirable to enhance the marketability of such obligations.
+
+(2) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section—
+
+(A) the authority to pledge assets of the Postal Service under this subsection shall be available only to the extent that such assets are not related to the provision of competitive products (as determined under section 2011(h) or, for purposes of any period before accounting practices and principles under section 2011(h) have been established and applied, the best information available from the Postal Service, including the audited statements required by section 2008(e)); and
+
+(B) any authority under this subsection relating to the pledging or other use of revenues or receipts of the Postal Service shall be available only to the extent that they are not revenues or receipts of the Competitive Products Fund.
+
+(c) Obligations issued by the Postal Service under this section—
+
+(1) shall be in such forms and denominations;
+
+(2) shall be sold at such times and in such amounts;
+
+(3) shall mature at such time or times;
+
+(4) shall be sold at such prices;
+
+(5) shall bear such rates of interest;
+
+(6) may be redeemable before maturity in such manner, at such times, and at such redemption premiums;
+
+(7) may be entitled to such relative priorities of claim on the assets of the Postal Service with respect to principal and interest payments; and
+
+(8) shall be subject to such other terms and conditions;
+
+as the Postal Service determines.
+
+(d) Obligations issued by the Postal Service under this section shall—
+
+(1) be negotiable or nonnegotiable and bearer or registered instruments, as specified therein and in any indenture or covenant relating thereto;
+
+(2) contain a recital that they are issued under this section, and such recital shall be conclusive evidence of the regularity of the issuance and sale of such obligations and of their validity;
+
+(3) be lawful investments and may be accepted as security for all fiduciary, trust, and public funds, the investment or deposit of which shall be under the authority or control of any officer or agency of the Government of the United States, and the Secretary of the Treasury or any other officer or agency having authority over or control of any such fiduciary, trust, or public funds, may at any time sell any of the obligations of the Postal Service acquired under this section;
+
+(4) be exempt both as to principal and interest from all taxation now or hereafter imposed by any State or local taxing authority except estate, inheritance, and gift taxes; and
+
+(5) not be obligations of, nor shall payment of the principal thereof or interest thereon be guaranteed by, the Government of the United States, except as provided in section 2006(c) of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 740; Pub. L. 101–227, § 3(a), Dec. 12, 1989, 103 Stat. 1944; Pub. L. 109–435, title V, § 502, Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3233.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2006—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 109–435, § 502(c)(2), substituted “obligations issued by the Postal Service which may be” for “any such obligations” in second sentence. Pub. L. 109–435, § 502(b), substituted third sentence for former third sentence which read: “In any one fiscal year the net increase in the amount of obligations outstanding issued for the purpose of capital improvements shall not exceed $2,000,000,000, and the net increase in the amount of obligations outstanding issued for the purpose of defraying operating expenses of the Postal Service shall not exceed $1,000,000,000.” Pub. L. 109–435, § 502(a), substituted “title, other than any of the purposes for which the corresponding authority is available to the Postal Service under section 2011” for “title” in first sentence. Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 109–435, § 502(c)(1), added par. (3). Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–435, § 502(d), substituted “obligations issued by the Postal Service under this section,” for “such obligations,”, designated existing provisions as par. (1), and added par. (2). 1989—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–227 designated existing provisions as par. (1), substituted “the maximum amount then allowable under paragraph (2) of this subsection” for “$10,000,000,000”, “$2,000,000,000” for “$1,500,000,000”, and “$1,000,000,000” for “$500,000,000” and added par. (2).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1989 AmendmentPub. L. 101–227, § 3(b), Dec. 12, 1989, 103 Stat. 1944, provided that: “(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2), the amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1990. “(2) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the amendments made by subsection (a) shall not take effect, if no law to provide for reconciliation pursuant to section 5 of the concurrent resolution on the budget for the fiscal year 1990 is enacted before October 1, 1990.” [Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1989, Pub. L. 101–239, Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2106, was enacted Dec. 19, 1989.]
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-20/section-2006.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2006"
+description: "Relationship between the Treasury and the Postal Service"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "20"
+chapter_name: "FINANCE"
+section: "2006"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2006"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2006"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "d1338848abd203099dfe003471296f35c1833a96962f4274a19ca0dc9501b606"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "e2e2429757b4fab1d845860c8e35e2f9d3434ff10d42abbbd9c988d152e5d747"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2006 - Relationship between the Treasury and the Postal Service
+
+## Text
+
+(a) At least 15 days before selling any issue of obligations under section 2005 or 2011 of this title, the Postal Service shall advise the Secretary of the Treasury of the amount, proposed date of sale, maturities, terms and conditions, and expected maximum rates of interest of the proposed issue in appropriate detail and shall consult with him or his designee thereon. The Secretary may elect to purchase such obligations under such terms, including rates of interest, as he and the Postal Service may agree, but at a rate of yield no less than the prevailing yield on outstanding marketable Treasury securities of comparable maturity, as determined by the Secretary. If the Secretary does not purchase such obligations, the Postal Service may proceed to issue and sell them to a party or parties other than the Secretary upon notice to the Secretary and upon consultation as to the date of issuance, maximum rates of interest, and other terms and conditions.
+
+(b) Subject to the conditions of subsection (a) of this section, the Postal Service may require the Secretary of the Treasury to purchase obligations of the Postal Service under section 2005 in such amounts as will not cause the holding by the Secretary of the Treasury resulting from such required purchases to exceed $2,000,000,000 at any one time. This subsection shall not be construed as limiting the authority of the Secretary to purchase obligations of the Postal Service under section 2005 in excess of such amount.
+
+(c) Notwithstanding section 2005(d)(5) or 2011(e)(4)(E) of this title, obligations issued by the Postal Service shall be obligations of the Government of the United States, and payment of principal and interest thereon shall be fully guaranteed by the Government of the United States, such guaranty being expressed on the face thereof, if and to the extent that—
+
+(1) the Postal Service requests the Secretary of the Treasury to pledge the full faith and credit of the Government of the United States for the payment of principal and interest thereon; and
+
+(2) the Secretary, in his discretion, determines that it would be in the public interest to do so.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 741; Pub. L. 109–435, title IV, § 401(b)(4), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3225.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–435, § 401(b)(4)(A), inserted “or 2011” after “section 2005” in first sentence. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–435, § 401(b)(4)(B), inserted “under section 2005” before “in such amounts” in first sentence and before “in excess of such amount.” in second sentence. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 109–435, § 401(b)(4)(C), inserted “or 2011(e)(4)(E)” after “section 2005(d)(5)”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-20/section-2007.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2007"
+description: "Public debt character of the obligations of the Postal Service"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "20"
+chapter_name: "FINANCE"
+section: "2007"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2007"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2007"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "4ac1ef31d49d48636b9e6f9b956e2138c5f91cf1193b0c02093155f766ebac04"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "f8f1c468aa660a7c8a7dd933c97e52be638a9749c61118ef60f2ef09c71a569d"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2007 - Public debt character of the obligations of the Postal Service
+
+## Text
+
+For the purpose of any purchase of the obligations of the Postal Service, the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to use as a public debt transaction the proceeds from the sale of any securities issued under chapter 31 of title 31, as now or hereafter in force, and the purposes for which securities may be issued under chapter 31 of title 31, as now or hereafter in force, are extended to include any purchases of the obligations of the Postal Service under this chapter. The Secretary of the Treasury may, at any time, sell any of the obligations of the Postal Service acquired by him under this chapter. All redemptions, purchases, and sales by the Secretary of the obligations of the Postal Service shall be treated as public debt transactions of the United States.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 741; Pub. L. 97–452, § 2(f), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2479.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1983—Pub. L. 97–452 substituted “chapter 31 of title 31” for “the Second Liberty Bond Act” wherever appearing.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-20/section-2008.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2008"
+description: "Audit and expenditures"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "20"
+chapter_name: "FINANCE"
+section: "2008"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2008"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2008"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "a52aa3027374d471fdec8aa51eeca54124275bdf1ca28397915db8cdd5a8e6a7"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "629671abcc534d5db737e68ed51cdba51cabd6b059c49700a29e8a49b4559a35"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2008 - Audit and expenditures
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The accounts and operations of the Postal Service shall be audited by the Comptroller General and reports thereon made to the Congress to the extent and at such times as he may determine.
+
+(b) The Postal Service shall maintain an adequate internal audit of the financial transactions of the Postal Service.
+
+(c) Subject only to the provisions of this chapter, the Postal Service is authorized to make such expenditures and to enter into such contracts, agreements, and arrangements, upon such terms and conditions and in such manner as it deems necessary, including the final settlement of all claims and litigation by or against the Postal Service.
+
+(d) Nothing in this section shall be construed as denying to the Postal Service the power to obtain audits of the accounts of the Postal Service and reports concerning its financial condition and operations by certified public accounting firms. Such audits and reports shall be in addition to those required by this section.
+
+(e) At least once each year beginning with the fiscal year commencing after June 30, 1971, the Postal Service shall obtain a certification from an independent, certified public accounting firm of the accuracy of any financial statements of the Postal Service used in determining and establishing postal rates.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 741.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-20/section-2009.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2009"
+description: "Annual budget"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "20"
+chapter_name: "FINANCE"
+section: "2009"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2009"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2009"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "0ac05f68b00eb78889591ea4c27b02ccc60d0d0179f9cab60c6e4bead3bc9ae2"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "6b2ee6601da3e72820c233374a0d7852034493bdcbe9759c909a295e3739a1ef"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2009 - Annual budget
+
+## Text
+
+The Postal Service shall cause to be prepared annually a budget program which shall be submitted to the Office of Management and Budget, under such rules and regulations as the President may establish as to the date of submission, the form and content, the classifications of data, and the manner in which such budget program shall be prepared and presented. The budget program shall be a business-type budget, or plan of operations, with due allowance given to the need for flexibility, including provision for emergencies and contingencies, in order that the Postal Service may properly carry out its activities as authorized by law. The budget program shall contain estimates of the financial condition and operations of the Postal Service for the current and ensuing fiscal years and the actual condition and results of operation for the last completed fiscal year. Such budget program shall include a statement of financial condition, a statement of income and expense, an analysis of surplus or deficit, a statement of sources and application of funds, and such other supplementary statements and information as are necessary or desirable to make known the financial condition and operations of the Postal Service. Such statements shall include estimates of operations by major types of activities, together with estimates of administrative expenses and estimates of borrowings. The budget program shall also include separate statements of the amounts which (1) the Postal Service requests to be appropriated under subsections (b) and (c) of section 2401, and (2) the Office of Inspector General of the United States Postal Service requests to be appropriated, out of the Postal Service Fund, under section 415(f) of title 5. The President shall include these amounts, with his recommendations but without revision, in the budget transmitted to Congress under section 1105 of title 31.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 742; Pub. L. 93–328, § 3, June 30, 1974, 88 Stat. 288; Pub. L. 97–258, § 3(l)(2), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1066; Pub. L. 109–435, title VI, § 603(c)(1), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3241; Pub. L. 117–108, title II, § 205(b)(2), Apr. 6, 2022, 136 Stat. 1148; Pub. L. 117–286, § 4(b)(67), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4350.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2022—Pub. L. 117–286, which directed substitution of “section 415(f) of title 5,” for “section 8G(f) of the Inspector General Act of 1978,”, was executed by substituting “section 415(f) of title 5” for “section 8G(f) of the Inspector General Act of 1978” to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the intervening amendment by Pub. L. 117–108, which had struck out the comma after “1978”. See below. Pub. L. 117–108 inserted “and” before “(2)” and struck out “, and (3) the Postal Regulatory Commission requests to be appropriated, out of the Postal Service Fund, under section 504(d) of this title” after “Inspector General Act of 1978”. 2006—Pub. L. 109–435 substituted “The budget program shall also include separate statements of the amounts which (1) the Postal Service requests to be appropriated under subsections (b) and (c) of section 2401, (2) the Office of Inspector General of the United States Postal Service requests to be appropriated, out of the Postal Service Fund, under section 8G(f) of the Inspector General Act of 1978, and (3) the Postal Regulatory Commission requests to be appropriated, out of the Postal Service Fund, under section 504(d) of this title.” for “The budget program shall also include separate statements of the amounts which the Postal Service requests to be appropriated under subsections (b) and (c) of section 2401 of this title.” 1982—Pub. L. 97–258 substituted “section 1105 of title 31” for “section 11 of title 31”. 1974—Pub. L. 93–328 required the budget program to include separate statements of the amounts which the Postal Service requests to be appropriated under section 2401(b) and (c) of this title and the President to include these amounts in the budget transmitted to Congress.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2006 Amendment; Savings ProvisionsAmendment by Pub. L. 109–435 applicable with respect to fiscal years beginning on or after Oct. 1, 2008, subject to savings provisions, see section 603(d) of Pub. L. 109–435, set out as a note under section 504 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Operations of Inspector General as Major Type of Activity for Budget PurposesPub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title VI, § 662(a)(3)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–379, provided that: “For purposes of the fifth sentence of section 2009 of title 39, United States Code, the operations of the Office of Inspector General of the United States Postal Service shall be considered a major type of activity.”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-20/section-2009a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2009a"
+description: "Budgetary treatment of the Postal Service Fund"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "20"
+chapter_name: "FINANCE"
+section: "2009a"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2009a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2009a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "d9ba25eb93ff3d78948fec7b4839c4ae0a6bf82ec4cb8c501e066c89f6fd3c53"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "59d7944fdb56e759a41bad8615c732fc2b16bfe615a3d20836535c9fa7ce8d68"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2009a - Budgetary treatment of the Postal Service Fund
+
+## Text
+
+Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the receipts and disbursements of the Postal Service Fund, including disbursements for administrative expenses incurred in connection with the Fund—
+
+(1) shall not be included in the totals of—
+
+(A) the budget of the United States Government as submitted by the President, or
+
+(B) the congressional budget (including allocations of budget authority and outlays provided therein);
+
+(2) shall be exempt from any general budget limitation imposed by statute on expenditures and net lending (budget outlays) of the United States Government; and
+
+(3) shall be exempt from any order issued under part C of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, and shall not be counted for purposes of calculating the deficit under section 3(6) of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 for purposes of comparison with the maximum deficit amount under the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 nor counted in calculating the excess deficit for purposes of sections 251 and 252 11 See References in Text note below. of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, for any fiscal year.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 101–239, title IV, § 4001(a)(1), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2133.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, referred to in par. (3), is title II of Pub. L. 99–177, Dec. 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 1038. Part C of the Act is classified generally to subchapter I (§ 900 et seq.) of chapter 20 of Title 2, The Congress. Sections 251 and 252 of the Act are classified to sections 901 and 902, respectively, of Title 2, and were amended generally by Pub. L. 101–508, title XIII, § 13101(a), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–577, 1388–581. Section 251 of the Act was further amended generally by Pub. L. 112–25, title I, § 101, Aug. 2, 2011, 125 Stat. 241. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 900 of Title 2 and Tables. Section 3(6) of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, referred to in par. (3), is classified to section 622(6) of Title 2.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DatePub. L. 101–239, title IV, § 4001(c), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2133, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [enacting this section] shall apply with respect to budgets for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1989.”
+
+ConstructionPub. L. 101–239, title IV, § 4001(b), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2133, provided that: “Nothing in any amendment made by subsection (a) [enacting this section] shall be considered to diminish the oversight responsibilities or authority of the Congress under law, rule, or regulation with respect to the budget and operations of the United States Postal Service.”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-20/section-2010.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2010"
+description: "Restrictions on agreements"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "20"
+chapter_name: "FINANCE"
+section: "2010"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2010"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2010"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "eef7f4cfc621bf9323f6c3908a003732039759e322e2b35745497749639796b0"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "0e9696b7d20a52a06a44fadb82537fa3bdca8402f93b8a6663c735abf386b77d"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2010 - Restrictions on agreements
+
+## Text
+
+The Postal Service shall promote modern and efficient operations and should refrain from expending any funds, engaging in any practice, or entering into any agreement or contract, other than an agreement or contract under chapter 12 of this title, which restricts the use of new equipment or devices which may reduce the cost or improve the quality of postal services, except where such restriction is necessary to insure safe and healthful employment conditions.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 742.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-20/section-2011.md

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2011"
+description: "Provisions relating to competitive products"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "20"
+chapter_name: "FINANCE"
+section: "2011"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2011"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2011"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "935f990e0880ba640b1d77620f977f0c65c8ae0fa97f8734a82bf6485b91ff6f"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "c24f4fc890693fdf436afab766bddf9d77a96eca99de2e7ba4482e1aa83ec17b"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2011 - Provisions relating to competitive products
+
+## Text
+
+(a) (1) In this subsection, the term “costs attributable” has the meaning given such term by section 3631.
+
+(2) There is established in the Treasury of the United States a revolving fund, to be called the Postal Service Competitive Products Fund, which shall be available to the Postal Service without fiscal year limitation for the payment of—
+
+(A) costs attributable to competitive products; and
+
+(B) all other costs incurred by the Postal Service, to the extent allocable to competitive products.
+
+(b) There shall be deposited in the Competitive Products Fund, subject to withdrawal by the Postal Service—
+
+(1) revenues from competitive products;
+
+(2) amounts received from obligations issued by Postal Service under subsection (e);
+
+(3) interest and dividends earned on investments of the Competitive Products Fund; and
+
+(4) any other receipts of the Postal Service (including from the sale of assets), to the extent allocable to competitive products.
+
+(c) If the Postal Service determines that the moneys of the Competitive Products Fund are in excess of current needs, the Postal Service may request the investment of such amounts as the Postal Service determines advisable by the Secretary of the Treasury in obligations of, or obligations guaranteed by, the Government of the United States, and, with the approval of the Secretary, in such other obligations or securities as the Postal Service determines appropriate.
+
+(d) With the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury, the Postal Service may deposit moneys of the Competitive Products Fund in any Federal Reserve bank, any depository for public funds, or in such other places and in such manner as the Postal Service and the Secretary may mutually agree.
+
+(e) (1) (A) Subject to the limitations specified in section 2005(a), the Postal Service is authorized to borrow money and to issue and sell such obligations as the Postal Service determines necessary to provide for competitive products and deposit such amounts in the Competitive Products Fund.
+
+(B) Subject to paragraph (5), any borrowings by the Postal Service under subparagraph (A) shall be supported and serviced by—
+
+(i) the revenues and receipts from competitive products and the assets related to the provision of competitive products (as determined under subsection (h)); or
+
+(ii) for purposes of any period before accounting practices and principles under subsection (h) have been established and applied, the best information available from the Postal Service, including the audited statements required by section 2008(e).
+
+(2) The Postal Service may enter into binding covenants with the holders of such obligations, and with any trustee under any agreement entered into in connection with the issuance of such obligations with respect to—
+
+(A) the establishment of reserve, sinking, and other funds;
+
+(B) application and use of revenues and receipts of the Competitive Products Fund;
+
+(C) stipulations concerning the subsequent issuance of obligations or the execution of leases or lease purchases relating to properties of the Postal Service; and
+
+(D) such other matters as the Postal Service considers necessary or desirable to enhance the marketability of such obligations.
+
+(3) Obligations issued by the Postal Service under this subsection—
+
+(A) shall be in such forms and denominations;
+
+(B) shall be sold at such times and in such amounts;
+
+(C) shall mature at such time or times;
+
+(D) shall be sold at such prices;
+
+(E) shall bear such rates of interest;
+
+(F) may be redeemable before maturity in such manner, at such times, and at such redemption premiums;
+
+(G) may be entitled to such relative priorities of claim on the assets of the Postal Service with respect to principal and interest payments; and
+
+(H) shall be subject to such other terms and conditions,
+
+as the Postal Service determines.
+
+(4) Obligations issued by the Postal Service under this subsection—
+
+(A) shall be negotiable or nonnegotiable and bearer or registered instruments, as specified therein and in any indenture or covenant relating thereto;
+
+(B) shall contain a recital that such obligations are issued under this section, and such recital shall be conclusive evidence of the regularity of the issuance and sale of such obligations and of their validity;
+
+(C) shall be lawful investments and may be accepted as security for all fiduciary, trust, and public funds, the investment or deposit of which shall be under the authority or control of any officer or agency of the Government of the United States, and the Secretary of the Treasury or any other officer or agency having authority over or control of any such fiduciary, trust, or public funds, may at any time sell any of the obligations of the Postal Service acquired under this section;
+
+(D) shall not be exempt either as to principal or interest from any taxation now or hereafter imposed by any State or local taxing authority; and
+
+(E) except as provided in section 2006(c), shall not be obligations of, nor shall payment of the principal thereof or interest thereon be guaranteed by, the Government of the United States, and the obligations shall so plainly state.
+
+(5) The Postal Service shall make payments of principal, or interest, or both on obligations issued under this section out of revenues and receipts from competitive products and assets related to the provision of competitive products (as determined under subsection (h)), or for purposes of any period before accounting practices and principles under subsection (h) have been established and applied, the best information available, including the audited statements required by section 2008(e). For purposes of this subsection, the total assets of the Competitive Products Fund shall be the greater of—
+
+(A) the assets related to the provision of competitive products as calculated under subsection (h); or
+
+(B) the percentage of total Postal Service revenues and receipts from competitive products times the total assets of the Postal Service.
+
+(f) The receipts and disbursements of the Competitive Products Fund shall be accorded the same budgetary treatment as is accorded to receipts and disbursements of the Postal Service Fund under section 2009a.
+
+(g) A judgment (or settlement of a claim) against the Postal Service or the Government of the United States shall be paid out of the Competitive Products Fund to the extent that the judgment or claim arises out of activities of the Postal Service in the provision of competitive products.
+
+(h) (1) (A) The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Postal Service and an independent, certified public accounting firm and other advisors as the Secretary considers appropriate, shall develop recommendations regarding—
+
+(i) the accounting practices and principles that should be followed by the Postal Service with the objectives of—
+
+(I) identifying and valuing the assets and liabilities of the Postal Service associated with providing competitive products, including the capital and operating costs incurred by the Postal Service in providing such competitive products; and
+
+(II) subject to subsection (e)(5), preventing the subsidization of such products by market-dominant products; and
+
+(ii) the substantive and procedural rules that should be followed in determining the assumed Federal income tax on competitive products income of the Postal Service for any year (within the meaning of section 3634).
+
+(B) Not earlier than 6 months after the date of enactment of this section, and not later than 12 months after such date, the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit the recommendations under subparagraph (A) to the Postal Regulatory Commission.
+
+(2) (A) Upon receiving the recommendations of the Secretary of the Treasury under paragraph (1), the Commission shall give interested parties, including the Postal Service, users of the mails, and an officer of the Commission who shall be required to represent the interests of the general public, an opportunity to present their views on those recommendations through submission of written data, views, or arguments with or without opportunity for oral presentation, or in such other manner as the Commission considers appropriate.
+
+(B) (i) After due consideration of the views and other information received under subparagraph (A), the Commission shall by rule—
+
+(I) provide for the establishment and application of the accounting practices and principles which shall be followed by the Postal Service;
+
+(II) provide for the establishment and application of the substantive and procedural rules described under paragraph (1)(A)(ii); and
+
+(III) provide for the submission by the Postal Service to the Postal Regulatory Commission of annual and other periodic reports setting forth such information as the Commission may require.
+
+(ii) Final rules under this subparagraph shall be issued not later than 12 months after the date on which recommendations are submitted under paragraph (1) (or by such later date on which the Commission and the Postal Service may agree). The Commission is authorized to promulgate regulations revising such rules.
+
+(C) (i) Reports described under subparagraph (B)(i)(III) shall be submitted at such time and in such form, and shall include such information, as the Commission by rule requires.
+
+(ii) The Commission may, on its own motion or on request of an interested party, initiate proceedings (to be conducted in accordance with such rules as the Commission shall prescribe) to improve the quality, accuracy, or completeness of Postal Service information under subparagraph (B)(i)(III) whenever it shall appear that—
+
+(I) the quality of the information furnished in those reports has become significantly inaccurate or can be significantly improved; or
+
+(II) such revisions are, in the judgment of the Commission, otherwise necessitated by the public interest.
+
+(D) A copy of each report described under subparagraph (B)(i)(III) shall be submitted by the Postal Service to the Secretary of the Treasury and the Inspector General of the United States Postal Service.
+
+(i) (1) The Postal Service shall submit an annual report to the Secretary of the Treasury concerning the operation of the Competitive Products Fund. The report shall address such matters as risk limitations, reserve balances, allocation or distribution of moneys, liquidity requirements, and measures to safeguard against losses.
+
+(2) A copy of the most recent report submitted under paragraph (1) shall be included in the annual report submitted by the Postal Regulatory Commission under section 3652(g).
+
+(Added Pub. L. 109–435, title IV, § 401(a)(1), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3221.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe date of enactment of this section, referred to in subsec. (h)(1)(B), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 109–435, which was approved Dec. 20, 2006.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-22/section-2201.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2201"
+description: "No postal equipment or supplies manufactured by convict labor"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "22"
+chapter_name: "CONVICT LABOR"
+section: "2201"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2201"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2201"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "ef0facd93e7f2b2d70ff03d266b55d508a249b134c6d0df81e6e10a0564f6f97"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "d33ed20ef48e4fc482ee9b6785a9242fcbd5a918aad010e6f9d5b0b1c0e96bec"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2201 - No postal equipment or supplies manufactured by convict labor
+
+## Text
+
+Except as provided in chapter 307 of title 18, the Postal Service may not make a contract for the purchase of equipment or supplies to be manufactured by convict labor.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 742.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-24/section-2402.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2402"
+description: "Annual report"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "24"
+chapter_name: "APPROPRIATIONS AND ANNUAL REPORT"
+section: "2402"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2402"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2402"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "d4ae825e4d3e83ef1320aae76ebbc1b233821b609d126e6593d1e57526fedebf"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "6dcdd995dee054fa7019aa1f61263dbc2d559dd5b6c1b14176b72823ec9cf4d2"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2402 - Annual report
+
+## Text
+
+The Postmaster General shall render an annual report to the Board concerning the operations of the Postal Service under this title. Upon approval thereof, or after making such changes as it considers appropriate, the Board shall transmit such reports to the President and the Congress.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 743.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Termination of Reporting RequirementsFor termination, effective May 15, 2000, of provisions in this section relating to the requirement that the Board transmit annual reports to Congress, see section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance, and page 195 of House Document No. 103–7.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-26/section-2601.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2601"
+description: "Collection and adjustment of debts"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "26"
+chapter_name: "DEBTS AND COLLECTION"
+section: "2601"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2601"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2601"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "2c4282f640be612ab8d5dae9cd880034667d5793611c4d3beb39f1b4eeb8ec09"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "2e3dabbc9c3dc56c4b12aa070a53b493a70616edf315e166d837366420f5cf9c"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2601 - Collection and adjustment of debts
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The Postal Service—
+
+(1) shall collect debts due the Postal Service;
+
+(2) shall collect and remit fines, penalties, and forfeitures arising out of matters affecting the Postal Service;
+
+(3) may adjust, pay, or credit the account of a postmaster or of an enlisted person of an Armed Force performing postal duties, for any loss of Postal Service funds, papers, postage, or other stamped stock or accountable paper; and
+
+(4) may prescribe penalties for failure to render accounts.
+
+The Postal Service may refer any matter, which is uncollectable through administrative action, to the Government Accountability Office for collection. This subsection does not affect the authority of the Attorney General in cases in which judicial proceedings are instituted.
+
+(b) In all cases of disability or alleged liability for any sum of money by way of damages or otherwise, under any provision of law in relation to the officers, employees, operations, or business of the Postal Service, the Postal Service shall determine whether the interests of the Postal Service probably require the exercise of its powers over the same. Upon the determination, the Postal Service on such terms as it deems just and expedient, may—
+
+(1) remove the disability; or
+
+(2) compromise, release, or discharge the claim for such sum of money and damages.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 744; Pub. L. 108–271, § 8(b), July 7, 2004, 118 Stat. 814.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2004—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–271 substituted “Government Accountability Office” for “General Accounting Office” in concluding provisions.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-26/section-2602.md

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2602"
+description: "Transportation of international mail by air carriers of the United States"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "26"
+chapter_name: "DEBTS AND COLLECTION"
+section: "2602"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2602"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2602"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "6ae6b537ce0fc86994b25cf235ada3a7e82941e828d552462b64c982488ba625"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "60ffbedc8eff36c99b73bcf7252289e317f61c7c311be3658518ddd42d7951f5"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2602 - Transportation of international mail by air carriers of the United States
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The Postal Service may offset against any balances due another country resulting from the transaction of international money order business, or otherwise, amounts due from that country to the United States, or to the United States for the account of air carriers of the United States transporting mail of that country, when—
+
+(1) the Postal Service puts into effect rates of compensation to be charged another country for transportation; and
+
+(2) the United States is required to collect from another country the amounts owed for transportation for the account of the air carriers.
+
+(b) When the Postal Service has proceeded under authority of subsection (a) of this section, it shall—
+
+(1) give appropriate credit to the country involved;
+
+(2) pay to the air carrier the portion of the amount so credited which is owed to the air carrier for its services in transporting the mail of the other country; and
+
+(3) deposit in the Postal Service Fund that portion of the amount so credited which is due the United States on its own account.
+
+(c) The Postal Service may advance to an air carrier, out of funds available for payment of balances due other countries, the amounts determined by the Postal Service to be due from another country to an air carrier for the transportation of its mails when—
+
+(1) collections are to be made by the United States for the account of air carriers; and
+
+(2) the Postal Service determines that the balance of funds available is such that the advances may be made therefrom.
+
+Collection from another country of the amount so advanced shall be made by offset, or otherwise, and the appropriation from which the advance is made shall be reimbursed by the collections made by the United States.
+
+(d) If the United States is unable to collect from the debtor country an amount paid or advanced to an air carrier within 12 months after payment or advance has been made, the United States may deduct the uncollected amount from any sums owed by it to the air carrier.
+
+(e) The Postal Service shall adopt such accounting procedures as may be necessary to conform to and carry out the purposes of this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 744.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-26/section-2603.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2603"
+description: "Settlement of claims for damages caused by the Postal Service"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "26"
+chapter_name: "DEBTS AND COLLECTION"
+section: "2603"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2603"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2603"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "203c8bca0d1316990e6d2b171899100ad2bf346d5c4f20626c7735647c7a9f4f"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "4a3b193b6b7914b7c1cbf800089dc619f4e68f711ae8e4223faf3d5f4a44e1d5"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2603 - Settlement of claims for damages caused by the Postal Service
+
+## Text
+
+When the Postal Service finds a claim for damage to persons or property resulting from the operation of the Postal Service to be a proper charge against the United States, and it is not cognizable under section 2672 of title 28, it may adjust and settle the claim.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 745.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Charge Against Postal Revenues for Settlement of Claims for Damages and for Losses Resulting From Unavoidable CasualtyPub. L. 89–57, title II, § 201, June 30, 1965, 79 Stat. 200, provided in part: “That hereafter settlement of claims, pursuant to law, current and prior fiscal years, for damages, and for losses resulting from unavoidable casualty shall be paid from postal revenues.”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-26/section-2604.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2604"
+description: "Delivery of stolen money to owner"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "26"
+chapter_name: "DEBTS AND COLLECTION"
+section: "2604"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2604"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2604"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "2bc163568d01781c9a4e0da9b84cf1e793215e2b9553cf7c5cd36bd2b5652abd"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "99b42c48073a1616dd9b15d11bdb6c97c1b51e873cec001b6cfe9b312bf8a937"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2604 - Delivery of stolen money to owner
+
+## Text
+
+When the Postal Service is satisfied that money or property in the possession of the Postal Service represents money or property stolen from the mails, or the proceeds thereof, it may deliver it to the person it finds to be the rightful owner.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 745.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-26/section-2605.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2605"
+description: "Suits to recover wrongful or fraudulent payments"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "26"
+chapter_name: "DEBTS AND COLLECTION"
+section: "2605"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2605"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2605"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "98fd0f86a593fb945886ebe0a7e505b21ccdda0d2fba9549935478671db966c5"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "9cad9e39fe48f041a19affc693d2b0668f462bf28534ddd24b2500431741396a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2605 - Suits to recover wrongful or fraudulent payments
+
+## Text
+
+The Postal Service shall request the Attorney General to bring a suit to recover with interest any payment made from moneys of, or credit granted by, the Postal Service as a result of—
+
+(1) mistake;
+
+(2) fraudulent representations;
+
+(3) collusion; or
+
+(4) misconduct of an officer or employee of the Postal Service.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 745.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-28/section-2801.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2801"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "STRATEGIC PLANNING AND PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT"
+section: "2801"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2801"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2801"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "7e16e020f86f290426f992753b81533abfc8c68e9a25d7631c267bae5689290d"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "2c6fd1c5fd2aaaf548dfaaa2137845905e19557e0c1494b3b8d1b44303fe7c52"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2801 - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+For purposes of this chapter the term—
+
+(1) “outcome measure” refers to an assessment of the results of a program activity compared to its intended purpose;
+
+(2) “output measure” refers to the tabulation, calculation, or recording of activity or effort and can be expressed in a quantitative or qualitative manner;
+
+(3) “performance goal” means a target level of performance expressed as a tangible, measurable objective, against which actual achievement shall be compared, including a goal expressed as a quantitative standard, value, or rate;
+
+(4) “performance indicator” refers to a particular value or characteristic used to measure output or outcome;
+
+(5) “program activity” means a specific activity related to the mission of the Postal Service; and
+
+(6) “program evaluation” means an assessment, through objective measurement and systematic analysis, of the manner and extent to which Postal Service programs achieve intended objectives.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 103–62, § 7, Aug. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 292.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+ConstructionNo provision or amendment made by Pub. L. 103–62 to be construed as creating any right, privilege, benefit, or entitlement for any person who is not an officer or employee of the United States acting in such capacity, and no person not an officer or employee of the United States acting in such capacity to have standing to file any civil action in any court of the United States to enforce any provision or amendment made by Pub. L. 103–62, or to be construed as superseding any statutory requirement, see section 10 of Pub. L. 103–62, set out as a Construction of 1993 Amendment note under section 1101 of Title 31, Money and Finance.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-28/section-2802.md

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2802"
+description: "Strategic plans"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "STRATEGIC PLANNING AND PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT"
+section: "2802"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2802"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2802"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "c4207efba96edaa268dfae9b4f2f668b0cefb084389dd66323bc415770f8fbdc"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "a1646c4ed12612d6149e3a0dece95eec6b34206d535f2e828edc3fcceb794233"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2802 - Strategic plans
+
+## Text
+
+(a) No later than September 30, 1997, the Postal Service shall submit to the President and the Congress a strategic plan for its program activities. Such plan shall contain—
+
+(1) a comprehensive mission statement covering the major functions and operations of the Postal Service;
+
+(2) general goals and objectives, including outcome-related goals and objectives, for the major functions and operations of the Postal Service;
+
+(3) a description of how the goals and objectives are to be achieved, including a description of the operational processes, skills and technology, and the human, capital, information, and other resources required to meet those goals and objectives;
+
+(4) a description of how the performance goals included in the plan required under section 2803 shall be related to the general goals and objectives in the strategic plan;
+
+(5) an identification of those key factors external to the Postal Service and beyond its control that could significantly affect the achievement of the general goals and objectives; and
+
+(6) a description of the program evaluations used in establishing or revising general goals and objectives, with a schedule for future program evaluations.
+
+(b) The strategic plan shall cover a period of not less than five years forward from the fiscal year in which it is submitted, and shall be updated and revised at least every three years.
+
+(c) The performance plan required under section 2803 shall be consistent with the Postal Service’s strategic plan. A performance plan may not be submitted for a fiscal year not covered by a current strategic plan under this section.
+
+(d) When developing a strategic plan, the Postal Service shall solicit and consider the views and suggestions of those entities potentially affected by or interested in such a plan, and shall advise the Congress of the contents of the plan.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 103–62, § 7, Aug. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 292.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Strategic PlanningPub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title VI, § 662(d)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–381, provided that: “(1) Office of inspector general of the united states postal service.—“(A) In general.—Strategic plans shall be prepared under this paragraph addressing staffing requirements, general goals and objectives for major functions and operations of the Office of Inspector General of the United States Postal Service, and how goals and objectives of the Office are to be achieved, including a description of operational processes, skills and technology, and the human, capital, information, and other resources required to meet those goals and objectives. “(B) Specific requirements.—Plans under this paragraph—“(i) shall be prepared by the Inspector General of the United States Postal Service; “(ii) shall each cover a 5-year period (the beginning and ending dates of which shall be specified in each such plan); and “(iii) shall be included, as part of the annual budget required under section 2009 of title 39, United States Code, at least every 3 years. “(C) First submission.—The first plan under this paragraph shall be prepared in time to be included with the annual budget under section 2009 of title 39, United States Code, next due to be submitted after the end of the 6-month period beginning on the date of the appointment of the first Inspector General to be appointed pursuant to the amendments made by this section [amending sections 102, 202, 204, 410, and 1003 of this title, section 5315 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and section 8G of the Inspector General Act of 1978, Pub. L. 95–452, formerly set out in the Appendix to Title 5, and renumbering another section 8G of the Inspector General Act of 1978 as 8H]. “(2) Postal inspection service.—The Chief Postal Inspector shall, with respect to the Postal Inspection Service, prepare a strategic plan similar in content to that required under paragraph (1)(A) with respect to the Office of Inspector General of the United States Postal Service. Such plan shall be prepared in time to be included with the annual budget under section 2009 of such title 39 next due to be submitted after the end of the 30-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 30, 1996].”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-28/section-2803.md

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2803"
+description: "Performance plans"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "STRATEGIC PLANNING AND PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT"
+section: "2803"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2803"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2803"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "07e933f535c989483adbb8a28af61e4eeb8d9bc5fd99ad25586fd91bc627aee8"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "d1b52bb77c3e993e356013e9954ac141d1e6009422ba2e65cc162b7476fadaf6"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2803 - Performance plans
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The Postal Service shall prepare an annual performance plan covering each program activity set forth in the Postal Service budget, which shall be included in the comprehensive statement presented under section 2401(e) of this title. Such plan shall—
+
+(1) establish performance goals to define the level of performance to be achieved by a program activity;
+
+(2) express such goals in an objective, quantifiable, and measurable form unless an alternative form is used under subsection (b);
+
+(3) briefly describe the operational processes, skills and technology, and the human, capital, information, or other resources required to meet the performance goals;
+
+(4) establish performance indicators to be used in measuring or assessing the relevant outputs, service levels, and outcomes of each program activity;
+
+(5) provide a basis for comparing actual program results with the established performance goals; and
+
+(6) describe the means to be used to verify and validate measured values.
+
+(b) If the Postal Service determines that it is not feasible to express the performance goals for a particular program activity in an objective, quantifiable, and measurable form, the Postal Service may use an alternative form. Such alternative form shall—
+
+(1) include separate descriptive statements of—
+
+(A) a minimally effective program, and
+
+(B) a successful program,
+
+with sufficient precision and in such terms that would allow for an accurate, independent determination of whether the program activity’s performance meets the criteria of either description; or
+
+(2) state why it is infeasible or impractical to express a performance goal in any form for the program activity.
+
+(c) In preparing a comprehensive and informative plan under this section, the Postal Service may aggregate, disaggregate, or consolidate program activities, except that any aggregation or consolidation may not omit or minimize the significance of any program activity constituting a major function or operation.
+
+(d) The Postal Service may prepare a non-public annex to its plan covering program activities or parts of program activities relating to—
+
+(1) the avoidance of interference with criminal prosecution; or
+
+(2) matters otherwise exempt from public disclosure under section 410(c) of this title.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 103–62, § 7, Aug. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 293; amended Pub. L. 109–435, title X, § 1010(d)(2), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3261.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–435 substituted “section 2401(e)” for “section 2401(g)” in introductory provisions.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-28/section-2804.md

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2804"
+description: "Program performance reports"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "STRATEGIC PLANNING AND PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT"
+section: "2804"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2804"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2804"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "914d601f96d5dfb707f4e9e4d73e3845474f10d9c782560504f4468ce405bf49"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "8c37849807e5dd9aceb3d1507deb62823e54035ccc16abab1a7cd02b859d6b63"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2804 - Program performance reports
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The Postal Service shall prepare a report on program performance for each fiscal year, which shall be included in the annual comprehensive statement presented under section 2401(e) of this title.
+
+(b) (1) The program performance report shall set forth the performance indicators established in the Postal Service performance plan, along with the actual program performance achieved compared with the performance goals expressed in the plan for that fiscal year.
+
+(2) If performance goals are specified by descriptive statements of a minimally effective program activity and a successful program activity, the results of such program shall be described in relationship to those categories, including whether the performance failed to meet the criteria of either category.
+
+(c) The report for fiscal year 2000 shall include actual results for the preceding fiscal year, the report for fiscal year 2001 shall include actual results for the two preceding fiscal years, and the report for fiscal year 2002 and all subsequent reports shall include actual results for the three preceding fiscal years.
+
+(d) Each report shall—
+
+(1) review the success of achieving the performance goals of the fiscal year;
+
+(2) evaluate the performance plan for the current fiscal year relative to the performance achieved towards the performance goals in the fiscal year covered by the report;
+
+(3) explain and describe, where a performance goal has not been met (including when a program activity’s performance is determined not to have met the criteria of a successful program activity under section 2803(b)(2))—
+
+(A) why the goal was not met;
+
+(B) those plans and schedules for achieving the established performance goal; and
+
+(C) if the performance goal is impractical or infeasible, why that is the case and what action is recommended; and
+
+(4) include the summary findings of those program evaluations completed during the fiscal year covered by the report.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 103–62, § 7, Aug. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 294; amended Pub. L. 109–435, title X, § 1010(d)(2), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3261.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–435 substituted “section 2401(e)” for “section 2401(g)”.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-28/section-2805.md

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2805"
+description: "Inherently Governmental functions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "28"
+chapter_name: "STRATEGIC PLANNING AND PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT"
+section: "2805"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2805"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2805"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "dbaa92cd9a5d021ca047a0188aff9b6841f4b1b399f7fb32d2a2080db40f1898"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "ab3773e54993f8dcbbaea7cf5024300b0d40022abd0c817c55657ec95dfe03ee"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2805 - Inherently Governmental functions
+
+## Text
+
+The functions and activities of this chapter shall be considered to be inherently Governmental functions. The drafting of strategic plans, performance plans, and program performance reports under this section shall be performed only by employees of the Postal Service.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 103–62, § 7, Aug. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 294.)

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-29/section-2901.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2901"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "29"
+chapter_name: "PROPERTY MANAGEMENT"
+section: "2901"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2901"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2901"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "36d7eb57f355a8828f52b2bf2e46f4ac9efdff5fc901bac06ff10585eddf68c3"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "a685eb6cc6647e9cb90c9fd6c7990024905ac669e2d3b7b849ceaba2889d048a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2901 - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+In this chapter:
+
+(1) Excess property.— The term “excess property” means any postal property that the Postal Service determines is not required to meet the needs or responsibilities of the Postal Service.
+
+(2) Postal property.— The term “postal property” means any property owned or leased by the Postal Service.
+
+(3) Underutilized property.— The term “underutilized property” means a portion or the entirety of any real property that is postal property, including any improvements, that is used—
+
+(A) irregularly or intermittently by the Postal Service for program purposes of the Postal Service; or
+
+(B) for program purposes that can be satisfied only with a portion of the property.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 114–318, § 4(a), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1613.)

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-29/section-2902.md

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2902"
+description: "Property management"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "29"
+chapter_name: "PROPERTY MANAGEMENT"
+section: "2902"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2902"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2902"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "7d1522e822273f51f97d687413197a606218264680c8a71ea13c61836c7b3362"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "bb98dba36e42dfcb1e9a5ea4ec4c95bbda5828030822c81314d588a6d3a84916"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2902 - Property management
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In General.— The Postal Service—
+
+(1) shall maintain adequate inventory controls and accountability systems for postal property;
+
+(2) shall develop current and future workforce projections so as to have the capacity to assess the needs of the Postal Service workforce regarding the use of property;
+
+(3) may develop a 5-year management template that—
+
+(A) establishes goals and policies that will lead to the reduction of excess property and underutilized property in the inventory of the Postal Service;
+
+(B) adopts workplace practices, configurations, and management techniques that can achieve increased levels of productivity and decrease the need for real property assets;
+
+(C) assesses leased space to identify space that is not fully used or occupied;
+
+(D) develops recommendations on how to address excess capacity at Postal Service facilities without negatively impacting mail delivery; and
+
+(E) develops recommendations on ensuring the security of mail processing operations; and
+
+(4) if the Postal Service develops a template under paragraph (3) shall, as part of that template and on a regular basis—
+
+(A) conduct an inventory of postal property that is real property; and
+
+(B) publish a report that covers each property identified under subparagraph (A), similar to the USPS Owned Facilities Report and the USPS Leased Facilities Report, that includes—
+
+(i) the date on which the Postal Service first occupied the property;
+
+(ii) the size of the property in square footage and acreage;
+
+(iii) the geographical location of the property, including an address and description;
+
+(iv) the extent to which the property is being utilized;
+
+(v) the actual annual operating costs associated with the property;
+
+(vi) the total cost of capital expenditures associated with the property;
+
+(vii) the number of postal employees, contractor employees, and functions housed at the property;
+
+(viii) the extent to which the mission of the Postal Service is dependent on the property; and
+
+(ix) the estimated amount of capital expenditures projected to maintain and operate the property over each of the next 5 years after the date of enactment of this chapter.
+
+(b) Rule of Construction.— Nothing in subsection (a)(4)(B) shall be construed to require the Postal Service to obtain an appraisal of postal property.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 114–318, § 4(a), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1613.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe date of enactment of this chapter, referred to in subsec. (a)(4)(B)(ix), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 114–318, which was approved Dec. 16, 2016.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-29/section-2903.md

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 2903"
+description: "Use of funds from sale of property"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "29"
+chapter_name: "PROPERTY MANAGEMENT"
+section: "2903"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 2903"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s2903"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "e496b7cb874db1cd563042af36ed1d7439a53e4431b81745cb7f11500332f183"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "942c6ab77e9fae3d326e1392e739ecb72f328e155c12c700e306758dc9cd9441"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 2903 - Use of funds from sale of property
+
+## Text
+
+In the event that the Postal Service permanently ceases operations, any funds derived from the sale of any real property owned by the Postal Service shall be used to pay any outstanding liability with respect to the salaries and expenses of any Postal Service employee. The balance of any remaining funds shall be deposited into the Postal Service Retiree Health Benefits Fund established under section 8909a of title 5.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 117–108, title I, § 102(d)(1), Apr. 6, 2022, 136 Stat. 1140.)

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3002.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3002"
+description: "Nonmailable motor vehicle master keys"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3002"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3002"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3002"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "f72c83294b4317d15fefb005e4d6e9cea3e90a10970d498c2326c1d8fef19a23"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "647082678f0cda85966a22d54fd1a581c24c2f8232e43d11bf419e58f227b36e"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3002 - Nonmailable motor vehicle master keys
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, any motor vehicle master key, any pattern, impression, or mold from which a motor vehicle master key may be made, or any advertisement for the sale of any such key, pattern, impression, or mold, is nonmailable matter and shall not be carried or delivered by mail.
+
+(b) The Postal Service is authorized to make such exemptions from the provisions of subsection (a) of this section as it deems necessary.
+
+(c) For the purposes of this section, “motor vehicle master key” means any key (other than the key furnished by the manufacturer with the motor vehicle, or the key furnished with a replacement lock, or any exact duplicate of such keys) designed to operate 2 or more motor vehicle ignition, door, or trunk locks of different combinations.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 746.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3002a.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3002a"
+description: "Nonmailability of locksmithing devices"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3002a"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3002a"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3002a"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "eb2d97f38ed2e8a2df09fc87240c14dcc2289a6695eec49164e96c22c05ad9b5"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "d39adc2ba421022f4a2c7fe42c8f1c7f39d154c0b12d82db80ba75d917007646"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3002a - Nonmailability of locksmithing devices
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Any locksmithing device is nonmailable mail, shall not be carried or delivered by mail, and shall be disposed of as the Postal Service directs, unless such device is mailed to—
+
+(1) a lock manufacturer or distributor;
+
+(2) a bona fide locksmith;
+
+(3) a bona fide repossessor; or
+
+(4) a motor vehicle manufacturer or dealer.
+
+(b) For the purpose of this section, “locksmithing device” means—
+
+(1) a device or tool (other than a key) designed to manipulate the tumblers in a lock into the unlocked position through the keyway of such lock;
+
+(2) a device or tool (other than a key or a device or tool under paragraph (1)) designed for the unauthorized opening or bypassing of a lock or similar security device; and
+
+(3) a device or tool designed for making an impression of a key or similar security device to duplicate such key or device.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, § 7090(a), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4409.)

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3003.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3003"
+description: "Mail bearing a fictitious name or address"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3003"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3003"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3003"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "f4b56ccfcda49becca0dd2fbafcb36d1be4d5e87099f065625e7781fac675674"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "c7c753584e31eaef4be5af18780e2447af0e390af229c0297f6e5d7b114c7e5d"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3003 - Mail bearing a fictitious name or address
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Upon evidence satisfactory to the Postal Service that any person is using a fictitious, false, or assumed name, title, or address in conducting, promoting, or carrying on or assisting therein, by means of the postal services of the United States, an activity in violation of sections 1302, 1341, and 1342 of title 18, it may—
+
+(1) withhold mail so addressed from delivery; and
+
+(2) require the party claiming the mail to furnish proof to it of the claimant’s identity and right to receive the mail.
+
+(b) The Postal Service may issue an order directing that mail, covered by subsection (a) of this section, be forwarded to a dead letter office as fictitious matter, or be returned to the sender when—
+
+(1) the party claiming the mail fails to furnish proof of his identity and right to receive the mail; or
+
+(2) the Postal Service determines that the mail is addressed to a fictitious, false, or assumed name, title, or address.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 746.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3004.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3004"
+description: "Delivery of mail to persons not residents of the place of address"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3004"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3004"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3004"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "687c99effd9aa5ca3e85c0f5ece678b9494a16da4575e20163dd3701563120fa"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "1e611577fbbd9b3bf67e00aa0fcccf584595bae2dc98f7362d458688c9e24d96"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3004 - Delivery of mail to persons not residents of the place of address
+
+## Text
+
+Whenever the Postal Service determines that letters or parcels sent in the mail are addressed to places not the residence or regular business address of the person for whom they are intended, to enable the person to escape identification, the Postal Service may deliver the mail only upon identification of the person so addressed.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 747.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3005.md

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3005"
+description: "False representations; lotteries"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3005"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3005"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3005"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "a97237d41e62488e6f91be93b3d9984a4e4aba4461b0f09550e6930f9376fc90"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "bf2c9329c7e4a485607f69296b7e505ac4188c6284a3890c9022be10534a157d"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3005 - False representations; lotteries
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Upon evidence satisfactory to the Postal Service that any person is engaged in conducting a scheme or device for obtaining money or property through the mail by means of false representations, including the mailing of matter which is nonmailable under section 3001(d), (h), (i), (j), or (k) of this title, or is engaged in conducting a lottery, gift enterprise, or scheme for the distribution of money or of real or personal property, by lottery, chance, or drawing of any kind, the Postal Service may issue an order which—
+
+(1) directs the postmaster of the post office at which mail arrives, addressed to such a person or to his representative, to return such mail to the sender appropriately marked as in violation of this section, if the person, or his representative, is first notified and given reasonable opportunity to be present at the receiving post office to survey the mail before the postmaster returns the mail to the sender;
+
+(2) forbids the payment by a postmaster to the person or his representative of any money order or postal note drawn to the order of either and provides for the return to the remitter of the sum named in the money order or postal note; and
+
+(3) requires the person or his representative to cease and desist from engaging in any such scheme, device, lottery, or gift enterprise.
+
+For purposes of the preceding sentence, the mailing of matter which is nonmailable under such section 3001(d), (h), (i), (j), or (k) by any person shall constitute prima facie evidence that such person is engaged in conducting a scheme or device for obtaining money or property through the mail by false representations.
+
+(b) The public advertisement by a person engaged in activities covered by subsection (a) of this section, that remittances may be made by mail to a person named in the advertisement, is prima facie evidence that the latter is the agent or representative of the advertiser for the receipt of remittances on behalf of the advertiser. The Postal Service may ascertain the existence of the agency in any other legal way satisfactory to it.
+
+(c) As used in this section, the term “representative” includes an agent or representative acting as an individual or as a firm, bank, corporation, or association of any kind.
+
+(d) Nothing in this section shall prohibit the mailing of (1) publications containing advertisements, lists of prizes, or information concerning a lottery, which are exempt, pursuant to section 1307 of title 18 of the United States Code, from the provisions of sections 1301, 1302, 1303, and 1304 of title 18 of the United States Code, (2) tickets or other materials concerning such a lottery within that State to addresses within that State, or (3) an advertisement promoting the sale of a book or other publication, or a solicitation to purchase, or a purchase order for any such publication, if (A) such advertisement, solicitation, or purchase order is not materially false or misleading in its description of the publication; (B) such advertisement, solicitation, or purchase order contains no material misrepresentation of fact: Provided, however, That no statement quoted or derived from the publication shall constitute a misrepresentation of fact as long as such statement complies with the requirements of subparagraphs (A) and (C); and (C) the advertisement, solicitation, or purchase order accurately discloses the source of any statements quoted or derived from the publication. Paragraph (3) shall not be applicable to any publication, advertisement, solicitation, or purchase order which is used to sell some other product in which the publisher or author has a financial interest as part of a commercial scheme. For the purposes of this subsection, “State” means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any territory or possession of the United States.
+
+(e) (1) In conducting an investigation to determine if a person is engaged in any of the activities covered by subsection (a) of this section, the Postmaster General (or any duly authorized agent of the Postmaster General) may tender, at any reasonable time and by any reasonable means, the price advertised or otherwise requested for any article or service that such person has offered to provide through the mails.
+
+(2) A failure to provide the article or service offered after the Postmaster General or his agent has tendered the price advertised or otherwise requested in the manner described in paragraph (1) of this subsection, and any reasons for such failure, may be considered in a proceeding held under section 3007 of this title to determine if there is probable cause to believe that a violation of this section has occurred.
+
+(3) The Postmaster General shall prescribe regulations under which any individual seeking to make a purchase on behalf of the Postal Service under this subsection from any person shall—
+
+(A) identify himself as an employee or authorized agent of the Postal Service, as the case may be;
+
+(B) state the nature of the conduct under investigation; and
+
+(C) inform such person that the failure to complete the transaction may be considered in a proceeding under section 3007 of this title to determine probable cause, in accordance with paragraph (2) of this subsection.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 747; Pub. L. 93–583, § 4, Jan. 2, 1975, 88 Stat. 1916; Pub. L. 94–525, § 2, Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 2478; Pub. L. 95–360, Sept. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 594; Pub. L. 98–186, § 2, Nov. 30, 1983, 97 Stat. 1315; Pub. L. 100–625, § 2(c), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3205; Pub. L. 101–524, § 2(b), Nov. 6, 1990, 104 Stat. 2302; Pub. L. 102–71, § 2(2), July 10, 1991, 105 Stat. 330; Pub. L. 106–168, title I, §§ 104, 105(b)(2)(A), Dec. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1810, 1811; Pub. L. 109–435, title X, § 1010(g)(3), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3262.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–435 substituted “under section 3001(d),” for “under 3001(d),” in introductory provisions and “under such section 3001(d),” for “under such 3001(d),” in concluding provisions. 1999—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–168, § 104, in two places, struck out “or” after “(h),” and inserted “, (j), or (k)” after “(i)”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 106–168, § 105(b)(2)(A), substituted “section,” for “section and section 3006 of this title,”. 1991—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102–71 substituted “3001(d), (h), or (i)” for “section 3001(d), (f), or (g)” in two places. 1990—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–524 substituted “section 3001(d), (f), or (g)” for “section 3001(d)” in two places. 1988—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 100–625 amended cl. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, cl. (1) read as follows: “a newspaper of general circulation containing advertisements, lists of prizes, or information concerning a lottery conducted by a State acting under authority of State law, published in that State, or in an adjacent State which conducts such a lottery,”. 1983—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 98–186, § 2(a), added par. (3). Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 98–186, § 2(b), struck out “or” before “(2)”, inserted “or” before “(3)”, and inserted cl. (3) and provision relating to applicability of cl. (3). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 98–186, § 2(c), added subsec. (e). 1978—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95–360 inserted provisions relating to nonmailable matter under section 3001(d) of this title. 1976—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 94–525 substituted “a newspaper of general circulation containing advertisements, lists of prizes, or information concerning a lottery conducted by a State acting under authority of State law, published in that State, or in an adjacent State which conducts such a lottery,” for “a newspaper of general circulation published in a State containing advertisements, lists of prizes, or information concerning a lottery conducted by that State acting under authority of State law,”. 1975—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 93–583 added subsec. (d).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1999 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 106–168 effective 120 days after Dec. 12, 1999, see section 111 of Pub. L. 106–168, set out as a note under section 3001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1990 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 101–524 effective Nov. 6, 1990, and applicable to matter deposited for mailing and delivery on or after 180 days after Nov. 6, 1990, see section 6 of Pub. L. 101–524, set out as a note under section 3001 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1988 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–625 effective 18 months after Nov. 7, 1988, see section 5 of Pub. L. 100–625, set out as a note under section 1304 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Consumer Education Program on Schemes Involving False RepresentationsPub. L. 98–186, § 4, Nov. 30, 1983, 97 Stat. 1317, as amended by Pub. L. 104–66, title II, § 2211(a), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 732; Pub. L. 117–286, § 4(b)(68), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4350, provided that: “(a) As soon as practicable after the date of enactment of this Act [Nov. 30, 1983], the Postmaster General or his designee, following consultation with representatives of the mail order industry, shall develop and carry out a program designed to provide consumer education to the public on schemes involving false representations through use of the mails, including the dissemination of information on recognizing practices commonly associated with such schemes, as well as appropriate measures which an individual may take upon receiving mail matter which the individual believes may be part of such a scheme. “(b) A summary of the activities carried out under subsection (a) shall be included in the first semiannual report submitted each year as required under section 405 of title 5, United States Code.”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3006.md

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3006"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 106–168, title I, § 105(b)(1), Dec. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1811]"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3006"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3006"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3006"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "a77aeb101e12060dd149f19474fa5d1595d469627ddbf86a1c7dc49eb90ad1ad"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "f3a8b395e5cf76c9e0259f5196299e4a3cc59f03c289721d8e22f5ab341ffa88"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3006 - Repealed. Pub. L. 106–168, title I, § 105(b)(1), Dec. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1811]
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 747, prohibited persons from obtaining or attempting to obtain remittances of money or property of any kind through the mail for an obscene, lewd, lascivious, indecent, filthy, or vile thing.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of RepealRepeal effective 120 days after Dec. 12, 1999, see section 111 of Pub. L. 106–168, set out as an Effective Date of 1999 Amendment note under section 3001 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3007.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3007"
+description: "Detention of mail for temporary periods"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3007"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3007"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3007"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "d1fddf94028b0bb57ba453d55c596102e75700b8d65c926beb7eb7c22b508dcf"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "80955b11717492a189a44e978da6e11a5e9a23ba03d705d528bddbb85c69b87c"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3007 - Detention of mail for temporary periods
+
+## Text
+
+(a) (1) In preparation for or during the pendency of proceedings under section 3005, the Postal Service may, under the provisions of section 409(d), apply to the district court in any district in which mail is sent or received as part of the alleged scheme, device, lottery, gift enterprise, sweepstakes, skill contest, or facsimile check or in any district in which the defendant is found, for a temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction under the procedural requirements of rule 65 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
+
+(2) (A) Upon a proper showing, the court shall enter an order which shall—
+
+(i) remain in effect during the pendency of the statutory proceedings, any judicial review of such proceedings, or any action to enforce orders issued under the proceedings; and
+
+(ii) direct the detention by the postmaster, in any and all districts, of the defendant’s incoming mail and outgoing mail, which is the subject of the proceedings under section 3005.
+
+(B) A proper showing under this paragraph shall require proof of a likelihood of success on the merits of the proceedings under section 3005.
+
+(3) Mail detained under paragraph (2) shall—
+
+(A) be made available at the post office of mailing or delivery for examination by the defendant in the presence of a postal employee; and
+
+(B) be delivered as addressed if such mail is not clearly shown to be the subject of proceedings under section 3005.
+
+(4) No finding of the defendant’s intent to make a false representation or to conduct a lottery is required to support the issuance of an order under this section.
+
+(b) If any order is issued under subsection (a) and the proceedings under section 3005 are concluded with the issuance of an order under that section, any judicial review of the matter shall be in the district in which the order under subsection (a) was issued.
+
+(c) This section does not apply to mail addressed to publishers of newspapers and other periodical publications entitled to a periodical publication rate or to mail addressed to the agents of those publishers.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 747; Pub. L. 106–168, title I, § 105(a), Dec. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1810.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextRule 65 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is set out in the Appendix to Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
+
+Amendments1999—Pub. L. 106–168 added subsecs. (a) and (b), struck out former subsec. (a) which provided for injunctive relief and other orders by the district court in which the defendant gets his mail, and redesignated former subsec. (b) as (c).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1999 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 106–168 effective 120 days after Dec. 12, 1999, see section 111 of Pub. L. 106–168, set out as a note under section 3001 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3008.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3008"
+description: "Prohibition of pandering advertisements"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3008"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3008"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3008"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "8c48a7131f9a8ad47a15643fda7629e4210dc2e40c054107e11bfab4046d1787"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "d5f54cd6c6615bf0ed93cd1fc4aa8c831ddb2f8969c4475b11829f7b3eaaa738"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3008 - Prohibition of pandering advertisements
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Whoever for himself, or by his agents or assigns, mails or causes to be mailed any pandering advertisement which offers for sale matter which the addressee in his sole discretion believes to be erotically arousing or sexually provocative shall be subject to an order of the Postal Service to refrain from further mailings of such materials to designated addresses thereof.
+
+(b) Upon receipt of notice from an addressee that he has received such mail matter, determined by the addressee in his sole discretion to be of the character described in subsection (a) of this section, the Postal Service shall issue an order, if requested by the addressee, to the sender thereof, directing the sender and his agents or assigns to refrain from further mailings to the named addressees.
+
+(c) The order of the Postal Service shall expressly prohibit the sender and his agents or assigns from making any further mailings to the designated addresses, effective on the thirtieth calendar day after receipt of the order. The order shall also direct the sender and his agents or assigns to delete immediately the names of the designated addressees from all mailing lists owned or controlled by the sender or his agents or assigns and, further, shall prohibit the sender and his agents or assigns from the sale, rental, exchange, or other transaction involving mailing lists bearing the names of the designated addressees.
+
+(d) Whenever the Postal Service believes that the sender or anyone acting on his behalf has violated or is violating the order given under this section, it shall serve upon the sender, by registered or certified mail, a complaint stating the reasons for its belief and request that any response thereto be filed in writing with the Postal Service within 15 days after the date of such service. If the Postal Service, after appropriate hearing if requested by the sender, and without a hearing if such a hearing is not requested, thereafter determines that the order given has been or is being violated, it is authorized to request the Attorney General to make application, and the Attorney General is authorized to make application, to a district court of the United States for an order directing compliance with such notice.
+
+(e) Any district court of the United States within the jurisdiction of which any mail matter shall have been sent or received in violation of the order provided for by this section shall have jurisdiction, upon application by the Attorney General, to issue an order commanding compliance with such notice. Failure to observe such order may be punishable by the court as contempt thereof.
+
+(f) Receipt of mail matter 30 days or more after the effective date of the order provided for by this section shall create a rebuttable presumption that such mail was sent after such effective date.
+
+(g) Upon request of any addressee, the order of the Postal Service shall include the names of any of his minor children who have not attained their nineteenth birthday, and who reside with the addressee.
+
+(h) The provisions of subchapter II of chapter 5, relating to administrative procedure, and chapter 7, relating to judicial review, of title 5, shall not apply to any provisions of this section.
+
+(i) For purposes of this section—
+
+(1) mail matter, directed to a specific address covered in the order of the Postal Service, without designation of a specific addressee thereon, shall be considered as addressed to the person named in the Postal Service’s order; and
+
+(2) the term “children” includes natural children, stepchildren, adopted children, and children who are wards of or in custody of the addressee or who are living with such addressee in a regular parent-child relationship.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 748.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3009.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3009"
+description: "Mailing of unordered merchandise"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3009"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3009"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3009"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "854a45514bcb2d73e026b2a50826b366a1b2599e5a99c4d4dc5f6954c048315b"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "7b395cc9cbe424bf4d2cd7fb1aead659f229c97f4af92bdcc1eff016b93d2efb"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3009 - Mailing of unordered merchandise
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Except for (1) free samples clearly and conspicuously marked as such, and (2) merchandise mailed by a charitable organization soliciting contributions, the mailing of un­ordered merchandise or of communications prohibited by subsection (c) of this section constitutes an unfair method of competition and an unfair trade practice in violation of section 45(a)(1) of title 15.
+
+(b) Any merchandise mailed in violation of subsection (a) of this section, or within the exceptions contained therein, may be treated as a gift by the recipient, who shall have the right to retain, use, discard, or dispose of it in any manner he sees fit without any obligation whatsoever to the sender. All such merchandise shall have attached to it a clear and conspicuous statement informing the recipient that he may treat the merchandise as a gift to him and has the right to retain, use, discard, or dispose of it in any manner he sees fit without any obligation whatsoever to the sender.
+
+(c) No mailer of any merchandise mailed in violation of subsection (a) of this section, or within the exceptions contained therein, shall mail to any recipient of such merchandise a bill for such merchandise or any dunning communications.
+
+(d) For the purposes of this section, “un­ordered merchandise” means merchandise mailed without the prior expressed request or consent of the recipient.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 749.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3010.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3010"
+description: "Mailing of sexually oriented advertisements"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3010"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3010"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3010"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "2caab5043d1c05be61902eda8ba1e42ccda3a7208558d4d402eb503137a10f88"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "d40be92204e4a62ec0b56c60b7cd9d691621f0d4573d25c57d6508fe3db26f81"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3010 - Mailing of sexually oriented advertisements
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Any person who mails or causes to be mailed any sexually oriented advertisement shall place on the envelope or cover thereof his name and address as the sender thereof and such mark or notice as the Postal Service may prescribe.
+
+(b) Any person, on his own behalf or on the behalf of any of his children who has not attained the age of 19 years and who resides with him or is under his care, custody, or supervision, may file with the Postal Service a statement, in such form and manner as the Postal Service may prescribe, that he desires to receive no sexually oriented advertisements through the mails. The Postal Service shall maintain and keep current, insofar as practicable, a list of the names and addresses of such persons and shall make the list (including portions thereof or changes therein) available to any person, upon such reasonable terms and conditions as it may prescribe, including the payment of such service charge as it determines to be necessary to defray the cost of compiling and maintaining the list and making it available as provided in this sentence. No person shall mail or cause to be mailed any sexually oriented advertisement to any individual whose name and address has been on the list for more than 30 days.
+
+(c) No person shall sell, lease, lend, exchange, or license the use of, or, except for the purpose expressly authorized by this section, use any mailing list compiled in whole or in part from the list maintained by the Postal Service pursuant to this section.
+
+(d) “Sexually oriented advertisement” means any advertisement that depicts, in actual or simulated form, or explicitly describes, in a predominantly sexual context, human genitalia, any act of natural or unnatural sexual intercourse, any act of sadism or masochism, or any other erotic subject directly related to the foregoing. Material otherwise within the definition of this subsection shall be deemed not to constitute a sexually oriented advertisement if it constitutes only a small and insignificant part of the whole of a single catalog, book, periodical, or other work the remainder of which is not primarily devoted to sexual matters.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 749.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective first day of sixth month which begins after Aug. 12, 1970, see section 15(b) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Invasion of Privacy by Mailing of Sexually Oriented AdvertisementsPub. L. 91–375, § 14, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 786, provided that: “(a) [Congressional findings] The Congress finds—“(1) that the United States mails are being used for the indiscriminate dissemination of advertising matter so designed and so presented as to exploit sexual sensationalism for commercial gain; “(2) that such matter is profoundly shocking and offensive to many persons who receive it, unsolicited, through the mails; “(3) that such use of the mails constitutes a serious threat to the dignity and sanctity of the American home and subjects many persons to an unconscionable and unwarranted intrusion upon their fundamental personal right to privacy; “(4) that such use of the mail reduces the ability of responsible parents to protect their minor children from exposure to material which they as parents believe to be harmful to the normal and healthy ethical, mental, and social development of their children; and “(5) that the traffic in such offensive advertisements is so large that individual citizens will be helpless to protect their privacy or their families without stronger and more effective Federal controls over the mailing of such matter. “(b) [Congressional Determination of Public Policy] On the basis of such findings, the Congress determines that it is contrary to the public policy of the United States for the facilities and services of the United States Postal Service to be used for the distribution of such materials to persons who do not want their privacy invaded in this manner or to persons who wish to protect their minor children from exposure to such material.” [Provisions of section 14 of Pub. L. 91–375 effective within 1 year after Aug. 12, 1970, on date established therefor by the Board of Governors and published by it in the Federal Register, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as an Effective Date not preceding section 101 of this title.]

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3011.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3011"
+description: "Judicial enforcement"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3011"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3011"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3011"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "65f0923b3f462f584916f0515597d187278a589f9172ed00ce4da305371560f2"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "d2e8041ccf7daf1db34cd7fbce273add4c15f53286c476c868fb2e59cdaabe5e"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3011 - Judicial enforcement
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Whenever the Postal Service believes that any person is mailing or causing to be mailed any sexually oriented advertisement in violation of section 3010 of this title, it may request the Attorney General to commence a civil action against such person in a district court of the United States. Upon a finding by the court of a violation of that section, the court may issue an order including one or more of the following provisions as the court deems just under the circumstances:
+
+(1) a direction to the defendant to refrain from mailing any sexually oriented advertisement to a specific addressee, to any group of addressees, or to all persons;
+
+(2) a direction to any postmaster to whom sexually oriented advertisements originating with such defendant are tendered for transmission through the mails to refuse to accept such advertisements for mailing; or
+
+(3) a direction to any postmaster at the office at which registered or certified letters or other letters or mail arrive, addressed to the defendant or his representative, to return the registered or certified letters or other letters or mail to the sender appropriately marked as being in response to mail in violation of section 3010 of this title, after the defendant, or his representative, has been notified and given reasonable opportunity to examine such letters or mail and to obtain delivery of mail which is clearly not connected with activity alleged to be in violation of section 3010 of this title.
+
+(b) The statement that remittances may be made to a person named in a sexually oriented advertisement is prima facie evidence that such named person is the principal, agent, or representative of the mailer for the receipt of remittances on his behalf. The court is not precluded from ascertaining the existence of the agency on the basis of any other evidence.
+
+(c) In preparation for, or during the pendency of, a civil action under subsection (a) of this section, a district court of the United States, upon application therefor by the Attorney General and upon a showing of probable cause to believe the statute is being violated, may enter a temporary restraining order or preliminary injunction containing such terms as the court deems just, including, but not limited to, provisions enjoining the defendant from mailing any sexually oriented advertisement to any person or class of persons, directing any postmaster to refuse to accept such defendant’s sexually oriented advertisements for mailing, and directing the detention of the defendant’s incoming mail by any postmaster pending the conclusion of the judicial proceedings. Any action taken by a court under this subsection does not affect or determine any fact at issue in any other proceeding under this section.
+
+(d) A civil action under this section may be brought in the judicial district in which the defendant resides, or has his principal place of business, or in any judicial district in which any sexually oriented advertisement mailed in violation of section 3010 has been delivered by mail according to the direction thereon.
+
+(e) Nothing in this section or in section 3010 shall be construed as amending, preempting, limiting, modifying, or otherwise in any way affecting section 1461 or 1463 of title 18 or section 3007 or 3008 of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 750; Pub. L. 106–168, title I, § 105(b)(2)(B), Dec. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1811.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1999—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 106–168 substituted “3007” for “3006, 3007,”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1999 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 106–168 effective 120 days after Dec. 12, 1999, see section 111 of Pub. L. 106–168, set out as a note under section 3001 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSection effective first day of sixth month which begins after Aug. 12, 1970, see section 15(b) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3012.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3012"
+description: "Civil penalties"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3012"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3012"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3012"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "65f90fc1989be1f1f2692155185265af345aec88efa25926e23ea527558cb2f3"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "ae95642a262bd7a009e26c2eb4c511a7c789fce370784183d0834aa45a238bc6"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3012 - Civil penalties
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Any person—
+
+(1) who, through the use of the mail, evades or attempts to evade the effect of an order issued under section 3005(a)(1) or 3005(a)(2) of this title;
+
+(2) who fails to comply with an order issued under section 3005(a)(3) of this title; or
+
+(3) who (other than a publisher described by section 3007(b) of this title) has actual knowledge of any such order, is in privity with any person described by paragraph (1) or (2) of this subsection, and engages in conduct to assist any such person to evade, attempt to evade, or fail to comply with any such order, as the case may be, through the use of the mail;
+
+shall be liable to the United States for a civil penalty in an amount not to exceed $50,000 for each mailing of less than 50,000 pieces; $100,000 for each mailing of 50,000 to 100,000 pieces; with an additional $10,000 for each additional 10,000 pieces above 100,000, not to exceed $2,000,000. A separate penalty may be assessed under this subsection with respect to the conduct described in each such paragraph.
+
+(b) (1) Whenever, on the basis of any information available to it, the Postal Service finds that any person has engaged, or is engaging, in conduct described by paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (a), (c), or (d), the Postal Service may, under the provisions of section 409(d) of this title, commence a civil action to enforce the civil penalties established by such subsection. Any such action shall be brought in the district court of the United States for the district in which the defendant resides or receives mail.
+
+(2) If the district court determines that a person has engaged, or is engaging, in conduct described by paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (a), (c), or (d), the court shall determine the civil penalty, if any under this section, taking into account the nature, circumstances, extent, and gravity of the violation or violations of such subsection, and, with respect to the violator, the ability to pay the penalty, the effect of the penalty on the ability of the violator to conduct lawful business, any history of prior violations of such subsection, the degree of culpability, and such other matters as justice may require.
+
+(c) (1) In any proceeding in which the Postal Service may issue an order under section 3005(a), the Postal Service may in lieu of that order or as part of that order assess civil penalties in an amount not to exceed $25,000 for each mailing of less than 50,000 pieces; $50,000 for each mailing of 50,000 to 100,000 pieces; with an additional $5,000 for each additional 10,000 pieces above 100,000, not to exceed $1,000,000.
+
+(2) In any proceeding in which the Postal Service assesses penalties under this subsection the Postal Service shall determine the civil penalty taking into account the nature, circumstances, extent, and gravity of the violation or violations of section 3005(a), and with respect to the violator, the ability to pay the penalty, the effect of the penalty on the ability of the violator to conduct lawful business, any history of prior violations of such section, the degree of culpability and other such matters as justice may require.
+
+(d) Any person who violates section 3001(l) shall be liable to the United States for a civil penalty not to exceed $10,000 for each mailing to an individual.
+
+(e) All penalties collected under authority of this section shall be paid into the Treasury of the United States.
+
+(f) In any proceeding at any time under this section, the defendant shall be entitled as a defense or counterclaim to seek judicial review, if not already had, pursuant to chapter 7 of title 5, of the order issued under section 3005 of this title. However, nothing in this section shall be construed to preclude independent judicial review otherwise available pursuant to chapter 7 of title 5 of an order issued under section 3005 of this title.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 98–186, § 3(a), Nov. 30, 1983, 97 Stat. 1316; amended Pub. L. 106–168, title I, § 106, Dec. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1811.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1999—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–168, § 106(1), in concluding provisions, substituted “$50,000 for each mailing of less than 50,000 pieces; $100,000 for each mailing of 50,000 to 100,000 pieces; with an additional $10,000 for each additional 10,000 pieces above 100,000, not to exceed $2,000,000” for “$10,000 for each day that such person engages in conduct described by paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of this subsection”. Subsec. (b)(1), (2). Pub. L. 106–168, § 106(2), inserted “, (c), or (d)” after “of subsection (a)”. Subsecs. (c) to (f). Pub. L. 106–168, § 106(3), (4), added subsecs. (c) and (d) and redesignated former subsecs. (c) and (d) as (e) and (f), respectively.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1999 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 106–168 effective 120 days after Dec. 12, 1999, see section 111 of Pub. L. 106–168, set out as a note under section 3001 of this title.
+
+Effective DatePub. L. 98–186, § 3(b), Nov. 30, 1983, 97 Stat. 1317, provided that: “Section 3012 of title 39, United States Code (as added by subsection (a) of this section) shall apply with respect to conduct which occurs on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 30, 1983].”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3013.md

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3013"
+description: "Semiannual reports on investigative activities of the Postal Service"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3013"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3013"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3013"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "a8d4e4561525932d7c71f7eb9357eb0b2672c40ede57c7ef702e92ea49baf5f0"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "fdca91838504c295e8fa9b264dcc3c7d634f108578b0a269934d116db963d16d"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3013 - Semiannual reports on investigative activities of the Postal Service
+
+## Text
+
+The Postmaster General shall submit semi­annual reports to the Inspector General summarizing the investigative activities of the Postal Service. One semiannual report shall be submitted for the reporting period beginning on October 1 and ending on March 31, and the other semiannual report shall be submitted for the reporting period beginning on April 1 and ending on September 30. Each such report shall be submitted within 1 month (or such shorter length of time as the Inspector General may specify) after the close of the reporting period involved and shall include with respect to such reporting period—
+
+(1) a summary of any proceedings instituted under section 3005 of this title, and the results of those and of any other such proceedings decided, settled, or otherwise concluded during such period;
+
+(2) the number of cases in which the authority described in section 3005(e) of this title was used;
+
+(3) the number of applications for temporary restraining orders or preliminary injunctions submitted under section 3007 of this title and, of those applications, the number granted;
+
+(4) the total amount of expenditures and obligations incurred in carrying out the investigative activities of the Postal Service;
+
+(5) the number of cases in which the authority described in section 3016 was used, and a comprehensive statement describing how that authority was used in each of those cases; and
+
+(6) such other information relating to the investigative activities of the Postal Service as the Inspector General may require.
+
+The information in a report submitted under this section to the Inspector General with respect to a reporting period shall be included as part of the semiannual report prepared by the Inspector General under section 405 of title 5 for the same reporting period. Nothing in this section shall be considered to permit or require that any report by the Postmaster General under this section include any information relating to activities of the Inspector General.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 98–186, § 3(a), Nov. 30, 1983, 97 Stat. 1317; amended Pub. L. 104–66, title II, § 2211(b), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 733; Pub. L. 106–168, title I, §§ 107(c), 110(b)(1), Dec. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1813, 1817; Pub. L. 117–286, § 4(b)(69), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4350.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2022—Pub. L. 117–286 substituted “section 405 of title 5” for “section 5 of the Inspector General Act of 1978” in concluding provisions. 1999—Pub. L. 106–168, § 110(b)(1), in introductory provisions, substituted “Inspector General” for “Board” and “1 month (or such shorter length of time as the Inspector General may specify)” for “sixty days” and substituted concluding provisions for former concluding provisions which read as follows: “Upon approval of a report submitted under the first sentence of this section, the information in such report shall be included in the next semiannual report required under section 5 of the Inspector General Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.).” Par. (5). Pub. L. 106–168, § 107(c), added par. (5). Former par. (5) redesignated (6). Par. (6). Pub. L. 106–168, § 110(b)(1)(A), substituted “Inspector General” for “Board”. Pub. L. 106–168, § 107(c), redesignated par. (5) as (6). 1995—Pub. L. 104–66 substituted at end “the information in such report shall be included in the next semiannual report required under section 5 of the Inspector General Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.)” for “the Board shall transmit such report to the Congress”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1999 AmendmentAmendment by section 107(c) of Pub. L. 106–168 effective 120 days after Dec. 12, 1999, see section 111 of Pub. L. 106–168, set out as a note under section 3001 of this title. Pub. L. 106–168, title I, § 110(b)(2), (3), Dec. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1817, provided that: “(2) Effective date.—This subsection [amending this section] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 12, 1999], and the amendments made by this subsection shall apply with respect to semiannual reporting periods beginning on or after such date of enactment. “(3) Savings provision.—For purposes of any semiannual reporting period preceding the first semiannual reporting period referred to in paragraph (2), the provisions of title 39, United States Code, shall continue to apply as if the amendments made by this subsection had not been enacted.”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3014.md

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3014"
+description: "Nonmailable plants"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3014"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3014"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3014"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "0dc7f6be3e153a8a58beda9bef2e41d8c50a379e3acaf4b2a033d30d598db26d"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "d659c2803ff9a943c71d5a904e6f5d7ab85000547efdd7ca4b376c381c4d18a9"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3014 - Nonmailable plants
+
+## Text
+
+(a) (1) Whenever the Secretary of Agriculture establishes a quarantine under section 8 of the Plant Quarantine Act, prohibiting the transportation by common carrier of any plant from any State or other geographic area, the Secretary shall give notice of the establishment of such quarantine to the Postal Service in writing.
+
+(2) Upon receiving any such notice under paragraph (1), the Postal Service shall ensure that copies of such notice are prominently displayed at post offices located within each State or area covered by the quarantine, and shall take any other measures which the Postal Service considers necessary in order to inform the public both of the establishment of such quarantine and of relevant provisions of this section and sections 1716B and 1716C of title 18 in connection therewith.
+
+(b) Any plant, the transportation of which by common carrier from any State or other area is prohibited or restricted under any quarantine referred to in subsection (a), is nonmailable matter, and may not be accepted by the Postal Service or conveyed in the mails, if the matter involved is tendered for transmission through the mails from such State or area or if such matter first enters the mails within such State or area.
+
+(c) The Postal Service shall, after consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture, prescribe rules and regulations permitting the mailing of a plant, and otherwise making subsection (b) of this section inapplicable with respect to such plant, if the method or manner of mailing such plant would be consistent with the procedures set forth in the rules and regulations prescribed under the fourth sentence of section 8 of the Plant Quarantine Act (relating to the inspection, disinfection, and certification of, and other conditions for, the delivery and shipment of plants otherwise subject to quarantine).
+
+(d) For the purposes of this section—
+
+(1) “Plant Quarantine Act” means the Act entitled “An Act to regulate the importation of nursery stock and other plants and plant products; to enable the Secretary of Agriculture to establish and maintain quarantine districts for plant diseases and insect pests; to permit and regulate the movement of fruits, plants, and vegetables therefrom, and for other purposes”, enacted August 20, 1912 11 See References in Text note below. (37 Stat. 315 et seq.); and
+
+(2) “plant” means any class of plants, fruits, vegetables, roots, bulbs, seeds, or other plant products, any class of nursery stock (as defined by section 6 of the Plant Quarantine Act),1 and any other article or matter which is capable of carrying any dangerous plant disease or pest.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 100–574, § 1(a)(1), Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2892.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Act of Aug. 20, 1912, referred to in subsec. (d), is act Aug. 20, 1912, ch. 308, 37 Stat. 315, commonly known as the Plant Quarantine Act, which was classified generally to chapter 8 (§ 151 et seq.) of Title 7, Agriculture, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 106–224, title IV, § 438(a)(1), June 20, 2000, 114 Stat. 454. Sections 6 and 8 of the Plant Quarantine Act, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1), (c), and (d)(2), were classified to sections 152 and 161, respectively, of Title 7. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DatePub. L. 100–574, § 4, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2894, provided that: “(a) In General.—This Act and the amendments made by this Act [enacting this section and sections 1716B and 1716C of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure] shall become effective on the earlier of—“(1) the 366th day after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 31, 1988]; or “(2) the first date as of which all rules and regulations required to be prescribed under the amendments made by this Act have first been published in the Federal Register. [For publication of regulations, see 54 F.R. 49978, Dec. 4, 1989.] “(b) Regulations.—Nothing in this section shall prevent the United States Postal Service from taking any action which may be necessary to prepare and issue, as soon as possible after the date of the enactment of this Act, any rules and regulations which the Postal Service is required to prescribe under any of the amendments made by this Act.”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3016.md

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3016"
+description: "Administrative subpoenas"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3016"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3016"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3016"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "4c58819fe1f0ac327e1c101c0416ab3ad26facac8fb6eb5940dc5714ee6bae91"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "e9a3bfd76db508802bbecc49c5d525a5ce1cfff58cf88177825fd384c59b6f6a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3016 - Administrative subpoenas
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Subpoena Authority.— (1) Investigations.— (A) In general.— In any investigation conducted under section 3005(a), the Postmaster General may require by subpoena the production of any records (including books, papers, documents, and other tangible things which constitute or contain evidence) which the Postmaster General considers relevant or material to such investigation.
+
+(B) Condition.— No subpoena shall be issued under this paragraph except in accordance with procedures, established by the Postal Service, requiring that—
+
+(i) a specific case, with an individual or entity identified as the subject, be opened before a subpoena is requested;
+
+(ii) appropriate supervisory and legal review of a subpoena request be performed; and
+
+(iii) delegation of subpoena approval authority be limited to the Postal Service’s General Counsel or a Deputy General Counsel.
+
+(2) Statutory proceedings.— In any statutory proceeding conducted under section 3005(a), the Judicial Officer may require by subpoena the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of any records (including books, papers, documents, and other tangible things which constitute or contain evidence) which the Judicial Officer considers relevant or material to such proceeding.
+
+(3) Rule of construction.— Nothing in paragraph (2) shall be considered to apply in any circumstance to which paragraph (1) applies.
+
+(b) Service.— (1) Service within the united states.— A subpoena issued under this section may be served by a person designated under section 3061 of title 18 at any place within the territorial jurisdiction of any court of the United States.
+
+(2) Foreign service.— Any such subpoena may be served upon any person who is not to be found within the territorial jurisdiction of any court of the United States, in such manner as the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure prescribe for service in a foreign country. To the extent that the courts of the United States may assert jurisdiction over such person consistent with due process, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia shall have the same jurisdiction to take any action respecting compliance with this section by such person that such court would have if such person were personally within the jurisdiction of such court.
+
+(3) Service on business persons.— Service of any such subpoena may be made upon a partnership, corporation, association, or other legal entity by—
+
+(A) delivering a duly executed copy thereof to any partner, executive officer, managing agent, or general agent thereof, or to any agent thereof authorized by appointment or by law to receive service of process on behalf of such partnership, corporation, association, or entity;
+
+(B) delivering a duly executed copy thereof to the principal office or place of business of the partnership, corporation, association, or entity; or
+
+(C) depositing such copy in the United States mails, by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, duly addressed to such partnership, corporation, association, or entity at its principal office or place of business.
+
+(4) Service on natural persons.— Service of any subpoena may be made upon any natural person by—
+
+(A) delivering a duly executed copy to the person to be served; or
+
+(B) depositing such copy in the United States mails, by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, duly addressed to such person at his residence or principal office or place of business.
+
+(5) Verified return.— A verified return by the individual serving any such subpoena setting forth the manner of such service shall be proof of such service. In the case of service by registered or certified mail, such return shall be accompanied by the return post office receipt of delivery of such subpoena.
+
+(c) Enforcement.— (1) In general.— Whenever any person, partnership, corporation, association, or entity fails to comply with any subpoena duly served upon him, the Postmaster General may request that the Attorney General seek enforcement of the subpoena in the district court of the United States for any judicial district in which such person resides, is found, or transacts business, and serve upon such person a petition for an order of such court for the enforcement of this section.
+
+(2) Jurisdiction.— Whenever any petition is filed in any district court of the United States under this section, such court shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine the matter so presented, and to enter such order or orders as may be required to carry into effect the provisions of this section. Any final order entered shall be subject to appeal under section 1291 of title 28, United States Code. Any disobedience of any final order entered under this section by any court may be punished as contempt.
+
+(d) Disclosure.— Any documentary material provided pursuant to any subpoena issued under this section shall be exempt from disclosure under section 552 of title 5, United States Code.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 106–168, title I, § 107(a), Dec. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1812.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThe Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), are set out in the Appendix to Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective 120 days after Dec. 12, 1999, see section 111 of Pub. L. 106–168, set out as an Effective Date of 1999 Amendment note under section 3001 of this title.
+
+RegulationsPub. L. 106–168, title I, § 107(b), Dec. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1813, provided that: “Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this section [Dec. 12, 1999], the Postal Service shall promulgate regulations setting out the procedures the Postal Service will use to implement the amendment made by subsection (a) [enacting this section].”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3017.md

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3017"
+description: "Nonmailable skill contests or sweepstakes matter; notification to prohibit mailings"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3017"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3017"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3017"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "f5e7015a50aff8190af4a948fdf8f05b63a02f433ce5deb19dcc2468a5d3c7ab"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "037d4f3888f7588bdc7c83af3497237d353c61539d28299c2e324d402b87081a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3017 - Nonmailable skill contests or sweepstakes matter; notification to prohibit mailings
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Definitions.— In this section—
+
+(1) the term “promoter” means any person who—
+
+(A) originates and mails any skill contest or sweepstakes, except for any matter described in section 3001(k)(4); or
+
+(B) originates and causes to be mailed any skill contest or sweepstakes, except for any matter described in section 3001(k)(4);
+
+(2) the term “removal request” means a request stating that an individual elects to have the name and address of such individual excluded from any list used by a promoter for mailing skill contests or sweepstakes;
+
+(3) the terms “skill contest”, “sweepstakes”, and “clearly and conspicuously displayed” have the same meanings as given them in section 3001(k); and
+
+(4) the term “duly authorized person”, as used in connection with an individual, means a conservator or guardian of, or person granted power of attorney by, such individual.
+
+(b) Nonmailable Matter.— (1) In general.— Matter otherwise legally acceptable in the mails described in paragraph (2)—
+
+(A) is nonmailable matter;
+
+(B) shall not be carried or delivered by mail; and
+
+(C) shall be disposed of as the Postal Service directs.
+
+(2) Nonmailable matter described.— Matter described in this paragraph is any matter that—
+
+(A) is a skill contest or sweepstakes, except for any matter described in section 3001(k)(4); and
+
+(B) (i) is addressed to an individual who made an election to be excluded from lists under subsection (d); or
+
+(ii) does not comply with subsection (c)(1).
+
+(c) Requirements of Promoters.— (1) Notice to individuals.— Any promoter who mails a skill contest or sweepstakes shall provide with each mailing a statement that—
+
+(A) is clearly and conspicuously displayed;
+
+(B) includes the address or toll-free telephone number of the notification system established under paragraph (2); and
+
+(C) states that the notification system may be used to prohibit the mailing of all skill contests or sweepstakes by that promoter to such individual.
+
+(2) Notification system.— Any promoter that mails or causes to be mailed a skill contest or sweepstakes shall establish and maintain a notification system that provides for any individual (or other duly authorized person) to notify the system of the individual’s election to have the name and address of the individual excluded from all lists of names and addresses used by that promoter to mail any skill contest or sweepstakes.
+
+(d) Election To Be Excluded From Lists.— (1) In general.— An individual (or other duly authorized person) may elect to exclude the name and address of that individual from all lists of names and addresses used by a promoter of skill contests or sweepstakes by submitting a removal request to the notification system established under subsection (c).
+
+(2) Response after submitting removal request to the notification system.— Not later than 60 calendar days after a promoter receives a removal request pursuant to an election under paragraph (1), the promoter shall exclude the individual’s name and address from all lists of names and addresses used by that promoter to select recipients for any skill contest or sweepstakes.
+
+(3) Effectiveness of election.— An election under paragraph (1) shall remain in effect, unless an individual (or other duly authorized person) notifies the promoter in writing that such individual—
+
+(A) has changed the election; and
+
+(B) elects to receive skill contest or sweepstakes mailings from that promoter.
+
+(e) Private Right of Action.— (1) In general.— An individual who receives one or more mailings in violation of subsection (d) may, if otherwise permitted by the laws or rules of court of a State, bring in an appropriate court of that State—
+
+(A) an action to enjoin such violation;
+
+(B) an action to recover for actual monetary loss from such a violation, or to receive $500 in damages for each such violation, whichever is greater; or
+
+(C) both such actions.
+
+It shall be an affirmative defense in any action brought under this subsection that the defendant has established and implemented, with due care, reasonable practices and procedures to effectively prevent mailings in violation of subsection (d). If the court finds that the defendant willfully or knowingly violated subsection (d), the court may, in its discretion, increase the amount of the award to an amount equal to not more than 3 times the amount available under subparagraph (B).
+
+(2) Action allowable based on other sufficient notice.— A mailing sent in violation of section 3001(l) shall be actionable under this subsection, but only if such an action would not also be available under paragraph (1) (as a violation of subsection (d)) based on the same mailing.
+
+(f) Promoter Nonliability.— A promoter shall not be subject to civil liability for the exclusion of an individual’s name or address from any list maintained by that promoter for mailing skill contests or sweepstakes, if—
+
+(1) a removal request is received by the promoter’s notification system; and
+
+(2) the promoter has a good faith belief that the request is from—
+
+(A) the individual whose name and address is to be excluded; or
+
+(B) another duly authorized person.
+
+(g) Prohibition on Commercial Use of Lists.— (1) In general.— (A) Prohibition.— No person may provide any information (including the sale or rental of any name or address) derived from a list described in subparagraph (B) to another person for commercial use.
+
+(B) Lists.— A list referred to under subparagraph (A) is any list of names and addresses (or other related information) compiled from individuals who exercise an election under subsection (d).
+
+(2) Civil penalty.— Any person who violates paragraph (1) shall be assessed a civil penalty by the Postal Service not to exceed $2,000,000 per violation.
+
+(h) Civil Penalties.— (1) In general.— Any promoter—
+
+(A) who recklessly mails nonmailable matter in violation of subsection (b) shall be liable to the United States in an amount of $10,000 per violation for each mailing to an individual of nonmailable matter; or
+
+(B) who fails to comply with the requirements of subsection (c)(2) shall be liable to the United States.
+
+(2) Enforcement.— The Postal Service shall, in accordance with the same procedures as set forth in section 3012(b), provide for the assessment of civil penalties under this section.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 106–168, title I, § 108(a), Dec. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1814.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DatePub. L. 106–168, title I, § 108(c), Dec. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1816, provided that: “This section [enacting this section] shall take effect 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 12, 1999].”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-30/section-3018.md

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3018"
+description: "Hazardous material"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "30"
+chapter_name: "NONMAILABLE MATTER"
+section: "3018"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3018"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3018"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "e607e11c9f53a505e9a26421bccd9f91e40cd2ecf2e4b8034eb4110cc4a3c2ff"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "7a2aee4797700d7b6693b79025905c62e1a8affe0acbd62786dcf422b7edaf33"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3018 - Hazardous material
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In General.— The Postal Service shall prescribe regulations for the safe transportation of hazardous material in the mail.
+
+(b) Prohibitions.— No person may—
+
+(1) mail or cause to be mailed hazardous material that has been declared by statute or Postal Service regulation to be nonmailable;
+
+(2) mail or cause to be mailed hazardous material in violation of any statute or Postal Service regulation restricting the time, place, or manner in which hazardous material may be mailed; or
+
+(3) manufacture, distribute, or sell any container, packaging kit, or similar device that—
+
+(A) is represented, marked, certified, or sold by such person for use in the mailing of hazardous material; and
+
+(B) fails to conform with any statute or Postal Service regulation setting forth standards for a container, packaging kit, or similar device used for the mailing of hazardous material.
+
+(c) Civil Penalty; Clean-Up Costs and Damages.— (1) In general.— A person who knowingly violates this section or a regulation prescribed under this section shall be liable for—
+
+(A) a civil penalty of at least $250, but not more than $100,000, for each violation;
+
+(B) the costs of any clean-up associated with each violation; and
+
+(C) damages.
+
+(2) Knowing action.— A person acts knowingly for purposes of paragraph (1) when—
+
+(A) the person has actual knowledge of the facts giving rise to the violation; or
+
+(B) a reasonable person acting in the circumstances and exercising reasonable care would have had that knowledge.
+
+(3) Separate violations.— (A) Violations over time.— A separate violation under this subsection occurs for each day hazardous material, mailed or caused to be mailed in noncompliance with this section, is in the mail.
+
+(B) Separate items.— A separate violation under this subsection occurs for each item containing hazardous material that is mailed or caused to be mailed in noncompliance with this section.
+
+(d) Hearings.— The Postal Service may determine that a person has violated this section or a regulation prescribed under this section only after notice and an opportunity for a hearing. Proceedings under this section shall be conducted in accordance with section 3001(m).
+
+(e) Penalty Considerations.— In determining the amount of a civil penalty for a violation of this section, the Postal Service shall consider—
+
+(1) the nature, circumstances, extent, and gravity of the violation;
+
+(2) with respect to the person who committed the violation, the degree of culpability, any history of prior violations, the ability to pay, and any effect on the ability to continue in business;
+
+(3) the impact on Postal Service operations; and
+
+(4) any other matters that justice requires.
+
+(f) Civil Actions to Collect.— (1) In general.— In accordance with section 409(d), a civil action may be commenced in an appropriate district court of the United States to collect a civil penalty, clean-up costs, and damages assessed under subsection (c).
+
+(2) Compromise.— The Postal Service may compromise the amount of a civil penalty, clean-up costs, and damages assessed under subsection (c) before commencing a civil action with respect to such civil penalty, clean-up costs, and damages under paragraph (1).
+
+(g) Civil Judicial Penalties.— (1) In general.— At the request of the Postal Service, the Attorney General may bring a civil action in an appropriate district court of the United States to enforce this section or a regulation prescribed under this section.
+
+(2) Relief.— The court in a civil action under paragraph (1) may award appropriate relief, including a temporary or permanent injunction, civil penalties as determined in accordance with this section, or punitive damages.
+
+(3) Construction.— A civil action under this subsection shall be in lieu of civil penalties for the same violation under subsection (c)(1)(A).
+
+(h) Deposit of Amounts Collected.— (1) Postal service fund.— Except as provided under paragraph (2), amounts collected under subsection (c)(1)(B) and (C) shall be deposited into the Postal Service Fund under section 2003.
+
+(2) Treasury.— Amounts collected under subsection (c)(1)(A) and any punitive damages collected under subsection (c)(1)(C) shall be deposited into the Treasury of the United States.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 109–435, title X, § 1008(b), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3259.)

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3201.md

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3201"
+description: "Definitions"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3201"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3201"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3201"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "c8aea820e6c6f9b9f4d9749b631feb52186a9981e07a8f73cf215ca768f469d6"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "6974f5bbed51dadea588ed94e01db7ef1e2a9992a9153b32b57b314a93780e45"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3201 - Definitions
+
+## Text
+
+As used in this chapter—
+
+(1) “penalty mail” means official mail, other than franked mail, which is authorized by law to be transmitted in the mail without prepayment of postage;
+
+(2) “penalty cover” means envelopes, wrappers, labels, or cards used to transmit penalty mail;
+
+(3) “frank” means the autographic or facsimile signature of persons authorized by sections 3210–3216 and 3218 of this title to transmit matter through the mail without prepayment of postage or other indicia contemplated by sections 733 and 907 of title 44;
+
+(4) “franked mail” means mail which is transmitted in the mail under a frank;
+
+(5) “Members of Congress” includes Senators, Representatives, Delegates, and Resident Commissioners; and
+
+(6) “missing child” has the meaning provided by section 403(1) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 751; Pub. L. 99–87, § 1(b), Aug. 9, 1985, 99 Stat. 291.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextSection 403 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, referred to in par. (6), is section 403 of Pub. L. 93–415, which is classified to section 11292 of Title 34, Crime Control and Law Enforcement.
+
+Amendments1985—Par. (6). Pub. L. 99–87 added par. (6).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3202.md

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3202"
+description: "Penalty mail"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3202"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3202"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3202"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "268fbc976904a02f19fe66e61a4061534b8d7b87e67cf4128d0a022946d038b9"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "f5df4d2e162b11e17918a2c0d5d5387fc3712f778b3702d714e86327fb6944f7"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3202 - Penalty mail
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Subject to the limitations imposed by sections 3204 and 3207 of this title, there may be transmitted as penalty mail—
+
+(1) official mail of—
+
+(A) officers of the Government of the United States other than Members of Congress;
+
+(B) the Smithsonian Institution;
+
+(C) the Pan American Union;
+
+(D) the Pan American Sanitary Bureau; and
+
+(E) the United States Employment Service and the system of employment offices operated by it in conformity with the provisions of sections 49–49c, 49d, 49e–49k of title 29, and all State employment systems which receive funds appropriated under authority of those sections.
+
+(2) mail relating to naturalization to be sent to the Immigration and Naturalization Service by clerks of courts addressed to the Department of Justice or the Immigration and Naturalization Service, or any official thereof; and
+
+(3) mail relating to a collection of statistics, survey, or census authorized by title 13 and addressed to the Department of Commerce or a bureau or agency thereof.
+
+(b) A department or officer authorized to use penalty covers may enclose them with return address to any person from or through whom official information is desired. The penalty cover may be used only to transmit the official information and endorsements relating thereto.
+
+(c) This section does not apply to officers who receive a fixed allowance as compensation for their services including expenses of postage.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 751; Pub. L. 94–553, § 105(e), Oct. 19, 1976, 90 Stat. 2599; Pub. L. 103–123, title VII, § 708(b), Oct. 28, 1993, 107 Stat. 1272; Pub. L. 110–234, title VII, § 7404(b)(2)(B), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1247; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title VII, § 7404(b)(2)(B), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2008.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.
+
+Amendments2008—Subsec. (a)(1)(D) to (F). Pub. L. 110–246, § 7404(b)(2)(B)(i), in subpar. (D) inserted “and” at end, in subpar. (E) substituted period for “; and” at end, and struck out subpar. (F) which read as follows: “any college officer or other person connected with the extension department of the college as the Secretary of Agriculture may designate to the Postal Service to the extent that the official mail consists of correspondence, bulletins, and reports for the furtherance of the purpose of sections 341–343 and 344–348 of title 7;”. Subsec. (a)(2) to (4). Pub. L. 110–246, § 7404(b)(2)(B)(ii)–(iv), in par. (2) inserted “and” at end, in par. (3) substituted period for “; and” at end, and struck out par. (4) which read as follows: “mail of State agriculture experiment stations pursuant to sections 325 and 361f of title 7.” 1993—Subsec. (a)(3), (4). Pub. L. 103–123 inserted “and” at end of par. (3) and substituted period for “; and” at end of par. (4). 1976—Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 94–553 struck out par. (5) which related to articles for copyright deposited with postmasters and addressed to the Register of Copyrights pursuant to section 15 of title 17.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2008 AmendmentAmendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of Title 7, Agriculture.
+
+Effective Date of 1976 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 94–553 effective Jan. 1, 1978, see section 102 of Pub. L. 94–553, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of Title 17, Copyrights.
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Abolition of Immigration and Naturalization Service and Transfer of Functions For abolition of Immigration and Naturalization Service, transfer of functions, and treatment of related references, see note set out under section 1551 of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality.
+
+Payment of Postage for State Unemployment Compensation Systems and Employment ServicesPub. L. 92–80, title I, Aug. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 287, which required Department of Labor and Post Office Department to use such amounts as may be agreed upon for the payment of postage for the transmission of official mail matter in connection with the administration of unemployment compensation systems and employment services by States receiving grants, was from the Department of Labor Appropriation Act, 1972, and was not repeated in subsequent appropriation acts. See section 3202(a)(1)(E) of this title. Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts: Jan. 11, 1971, Pub. L. 91–667, title I, 84 Stat. 2002. Mar. 5, 1970, Pub. L. 91–204, title I, 84 Stat. 24. Oct. 11, 1968, Pub. L. 90–557, title I, 82 Stat. 971. Nov. 8, 1967, Pub. L. 90–132, title I, 81 Stat. 387. Nov. 7, 1966, Pub. L. 89–787, title I, 80 Stat. 1379. Aug. 31, 1965, Pub. L. 89–156, title I, 79 Stat. 590. Sept. 19, 1964, Pub. L. 88–605, title I, 78 Stat. 960. Oct. 11, 1963, Pub. L. 88–136, title I, 77 Stat. 226. Aug. 14, 1962, Pub. L. 87–582, title I, 76 Stat. 363. Sept. 22, 1961, Pub. L. 87–290, title I, 75 Stat. 591. Sept. 2, 1960, Pub. L. 86–703, title I, 74 Stat. 757. Aug. 14, 1959, Pub. L. 86–158, title I, 73 Stat. 341. Aug. 1, 1958, Pub. L. 85–580, title I, 72 Stat. 459. June 29, 1957, Pub. L. 85–67, title I, 71 Stat. 212. June 29, 1956, ch. 477, title I, 70 Stat. 424. Aug. 1, 1955, ch. 437, title I, 69 Stat. 398. July 2, 1954, ch. 457, title I, 68 Stat. 435 July 31, 1953, ch. 296, title I, 67 Stat. 246. July 5, 1952, ch. 575, title I, 66 Stat. 360. Aug. 31, 1951, ch. 373, title I, 65 Stat. 210. Sept. 6, 1950, ch. 896, ch. V, title I, 64 Stat. 644. June 29, 1949, ch. 275, title II, 63 Stat. 293. June 16, 1948, ch. 472, title I, 62 Stat. 445.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3203.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3203"
+description: "Endorsements on penalty covers"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3203"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3203"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3203"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "b65f34d89ad1c54049254625eae3aa7b6bec32fe5200b43c8803fa887c599381"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "0fc2bdd5d5db23b0f1fd9a758563df33c80b7e9b10494c3258cb2fc67430669f"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3203 - Endorsements on penalty covers
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, penalty covers shall bear, over the words “Official Business” an endorsement showing the name of the department, bureau, or office from which, or officer from whom, it is transmitted. The penalty for the unlawful use of all penalty covers shall be printed thereon.
+
+(b) The Postal Service shall prescribe the endorsement to be placed on covers mailed under clauses (1)(E), (2), and (3) of section 3202(a) of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 752.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3204.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3204"
+description: "Restrictions on use of penalty mail"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3204"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3204"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3204"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "d30aa5e2a300c859c84722dc133d1faab62b4ce20d6db448a110125ffc1ca91b"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "da6aed2a9c3f20d0aeeed95d7add14391e15e28a8bc1d0e6eb1f057342704399"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3204 - Restrictions on use of penalty mail
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section or section 3220(a) of this title, an officer, executive department, or independent establishment of the Government of the United States may not mail, as penalty mail, any article or document unless—
+
+(1) a request therefor has been previously received by the department or establishment; or
+
+(2) its mailings is required by law.
+
+(b) Subsection (a) of this section does not prohibit the mailing, as penalty mail, by an officer, executive department, or independent agency of—
+
+(1) enclosures reasonably related to the subject matter of official correspondence;
+
+(2) informational releases relating to the census of the United States and authorized by title 13;
+
+(3) matter concerning the sale of Government securities;
+
+(4) forms, blanks, and copies of statutes, rules, regulations, instructions, administrative orders, and interpretations necessary in the administration of the department or establishment;
+
+(5) agricultural bulletins;
+
+(6) lists of public documents offered for sale by the Superintendent of Documents;
+
+(7) announcements of the publication of maps, atlases, and statistical and other reports offered for sale by the Federal Power Commission as authorized by section 825k of title 16; or
+
+(8) articles or documents to educational institutions or public libraries, or to Federal, State, or other public authorities.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 752; Pub. L. 99–87, § 1(c)(1), Aug. 9, 1985, 99 Stat. 291.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1985—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–87 substituted “section or section 3220(a) of this title,” for “section,” in introductory provisions.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Transfer of Functions The Federal Power Commission was terminated, and its functions, personnel, property, funds, etc., were transferred to the Secretary of Energy (except for certain functions which were transferred to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission) by sections 7151(b), 7171(a), 7172(a), 7291, and 7293 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3205.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3205"
+description: "Accounting for penalty covers"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3205"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3205"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3205"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "da04def3b14bbe8fec184f49c18a542137d05fd97f3d897bfe9a7e076b9838f8"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "9abcdd7ed37636d22f2080f24e81301c388d6e284b09da55c62d02a8d2494f4c"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3205 - Accounting for penalty covers
+
+## Text
+
+Executive departments and agencies, independent establishments of the Government of the United States, and organizations and persons authorized by law to use penalty mail, shall account for all penalty covers through the Postal Service.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 753.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3206.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3206"
+description: "Reimbursement for penalty mail service"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3206"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3206"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3206"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "f5d4d62a66d36e2cb713dc04daef99ebe46306f3ed705a558619d34c3b8f4a62"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "4b7a92bc200382a973dce9dd2f4e0a35a334ba1f18fa1863e597c456d48e82f3"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3206 - Reimbursement for penalty mail service
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, executive departments and agencies, independent establishments of the Government of the United States, and Government corporations concerned, shall transfer to the Postal Service as postal revenue out of any appropriations or funds available to them, as a necessary expense of the appropriations or funds and of the activities concerned, the equivalent amount of postage due, as determined by the Postal Service, for matter sent in the mails by or to them as penalty mail under authority of section 3202 of this title.
+
+(b) The Department of Agriculture shall transfer to the Postal Service as postal revenues out of any appropriations made to it for that purpose the equivalent amount of postage, as determined by the Postal Service, for penalty mailings under clauses (1)(F) and (4) of section 3202(a) of this title.
+
+(c) The Department of State shall transfer to the Postal Service as postal revenues out of any appropriations made to it for that purpose the equivalent amount of postage, as determined by the Postal Service, for penalty mailings under clause (1)(C) and (D) of section 3202(a) of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 753; Pub. L. 93–191, § 9, Dec. 18, 1973, 87 Stat. 745; Pub. L. 94–553, § 105(e), Oct. 19, 1976, 90 Stat. 2599.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1976—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–553 substituted “subsection (b)” for “subsections (b) and (c)”. Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 94–553 redesignated subsec. (d) as (c). Former subsec. (c), directing the Library of Congress to transfer to the Postal Service as postal revenues out of any appropriations made to the Library for that purpose the equivalent amount of postage, as determined by the Postal Service, for penalty mailings under clause (5) of section 3202(a) of this title, was struck out. 1973—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 93–191 added subsec. (d).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1976 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 94–553 effective Jan. 1, 1978, see section 102 of Pub. L. 94–553, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of Title 17, Copyrights.
+
+Effective Date of 1973 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 93–191 effective Dec. 18, 1973, see section 14 of Pub. L. 93–191, set out as a note under section 3210 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3207.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3207"
+description: "Limit of weight of penalty mail; postage on overweight matter"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3207"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3207"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3207"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "b0fa748a65181f7321f64d443e85fad7f7ce29e372fd9f18d37168a7f7480d5d"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "6df90e862656d52441e1b0ad34c03cc4e0a39262ecd128a4fc865ee6869baac7"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3207 - Limit of weight of penalty mail; postage on overweight matter
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Penalty mail is restricted to articles not in excess of the weight and size prescribed for that class of mail receiving high priority in handling and delivery, except—
+
+(1) stamped paper and supplies sold or used by the Postal Service; and
+
+(2) books and documents published or circulated by order of Congress when mailed by the Superintendent of Documents.
+
+(b) A penalty mail article which is—
+
+(1) over 4 pounds in weight;
+
+(2) not in excess of the weight and size prescribed for mail matter; and
+
+(3) otherwise mailable;
+
+is mailable at rates for that class of mail entitled to the lowest priority in handling and delivery, even though it may include written matter and may be sealed.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 753.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3208.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3208"
+description: "Shipment by most economical means"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3208"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3208"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3208"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "f2ed068c9e25412f2df3446d52aa1b4cdd2590c5a3bb008f261453b205b4fff6"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "3c0d9789b1e80c39db08e65bf0a87e59cdc77635881a28a2b78e4d3b9f1b6b3e"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3208 - Shipment by most economical means
+
+## Text
+
+Shipments of official matter other than franked mail shall be sent by the most economical means of transportation practicable. The Postal Service may refuse to accept official matter for shipment by mail when in its judgment it may be shipped by other means at less expense, or it may provide for its transportation by freight or express whenever a saving to the Government of the United States will result therefrom without detriment to the public service.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 753.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3209.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3209"
+description: "Executive departments to supply information"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3209"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3209"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3209"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "231f54d762bb3baaa1b5e4015ec1f56311584e8707b8979feab03f33f8687d98"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "f19f19bf85bdfc9f091ddaef987a6d4381aaad0deb5cdf25b480237e6929e4c3"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3209 - Executive departments to supply information
+
+## Text
+
+Persons and governmental organizations authorized to use penalty mail shall supply all information requested by the Postal Service necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter as soon as practicable after request therefor.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 754.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3211.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3211"
+description: "Public documents"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3211"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3211"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3211"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "8d9f8a77c40a9420f1e60c6602b79bee3e969302a9e9182306293b80186768fb"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "846d1a6c0d56e5b1c7b4f2d2f56192c1b57cf446289b5dfc4c80ee3a3660c68a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3211 - Public documents
+
+## Text
+
+The Vice President, Members of Congress, the Secretary of the Senate, the Sergeant at Arms of the Senate, each of the elected officers of the House of Representatives (other than a Member of the House) during the 90-day period immediately following the expiration of their respective terms of office, may send and receive as franked mail all public documents printed by order of Congress.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 754; Pub. L. 93–191, § 2, Dec. 18, 1973, 87 Stat. 741; Pub. L. 97–69, § 5(a), Oct. 26, 1981, 95 Stat. 1043.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1981—Pub. L. 97–69 substituted “during the 90-day period immediately” for “until the first day of April”. 1973—Pub. L. 93–191 substituted “each of the elected officers of the House of Representatives (other than a Member of the House) until the first day of April” for “the Clerk of the House of Representatives, and the Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives, until the thirtieth day of June”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1973 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 93–191 effective Dec. 18, 1973, see section 14 of Pub. L. 93–191, set out as a note under section 3210 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3212.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3212"
+description: "Congressional Record under frank of Members of Congress"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3212"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3212"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3212"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "e7df929ec7631072f0d037dc0b7f2c734e09bada35732e1e3c952435836a81da"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "ede71c00a81847e3460fbd8ba2b24354f9f41a713999997bd913acc6099833e3"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3212 - Congressional Record under frank of Members of Congress
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Members of Congress may send the Congressional Record as franked mail.
+
+(b) Members of Congress may send, as franked mail, any part of, or a reprint of any part of, the Congressional Record, including speeches or reports contained therein, if such matter is mailable as franked mail under section 3210 of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 754; Pub. L. 93–191, § 3, Dec. 18, 1973, 87 Stat. 741.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1973—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 93–191 incorporated existing text in provisions designated as subsec. (a). Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 93–191 incorporated existing text in provisions designated as subsec. (b), authorized sending, as franked mail, reprints of parts of Congressional Record, and authorized the mailing of Congressional Record if the listed matter is mailable as franked mail under section 3210 of this title.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1973 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 93–191 effective Dec. 18, 1973, see section 14 of Pub. L. 93–191, set out as a note under section 3210 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3213.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3213"
+description: "Seeds and reports from Department of Agriculture"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3213"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3213"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3213"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "03ae5433ed326cc672608b1ca731a514e963d2d7fbcd207ef9e998035ed66283"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "5085e2d80b39ce34ba4f29c13de0ed6c0bf8a926e166fb9c7fbee687e96b3578"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3213 - Seeds and reports from Department of Agriculture
+
+## Text
+
+Seeds and agricultural reports emanating from the Department of Agriculture may be mailed—
+
+(1) as penalty mail by the Secretary of Agriculture; and
+
+(2) during the 90-day period immediately following the expiration of their terms of office, as franked mail by Members of Congress.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 754; Pub. L. 97–69, § 5(b), Oct. 26, 1981, 95 Stat. 1043.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1981—Par. (2). Pub. L. 97–69 substituted “during the 90-day period immediately” for “until the thirtieth day of June”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3214.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3214"
+description: "Mailing privilege of former President; surviving spouse of former President"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3214"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3214"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3214"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "840075134ccf0e972f000a578fe94aaefdec7cfe7d8d99cafe68c8589c59b294"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "4f4f4a041cb92c5f75958c205a37791837c38cbbfd92268815319fc75ceaf940"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3214 - Mailing privilege of former President; surviving spouse of former President
+
+## Text
+
+A former President and the surviving spouse of a former President may send nonpolitical mail within the United States and its territories and possessions as franked mail. Such mail of a former President and of the surviving spouse of a former President marked “Postage and Fees Paid” in the manner prescribed by the Postal Service shall be accepted by the Postal Service for transmission in the international mails.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 754; Pub. L. 93–191, § 4(a), Dec. 18, 1973, 87 Stat. 742; Pub. L. 103–123, title IV, § 6(b), Oct. 28, 1993, 107 Stat. 1246; Pub. L. 105–61, title IV, § 409(b), Oct. 10, 1997, 111 Stat. 1299.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1997—Pub. L. 105–61 struck out subsec. (a) designation, substituted “A former President” for “Subject to subsection (b), a former President”, and struck out subsec. (b) which read as follows: “Subsection (a) shall cease to apply— “(1) 5 years after the effective date of this subsection, in the case of any individual who, on such effective date— “(A) is a former President (including any individual who might become entitled to the mailing privilege under subsection (a) as the surviving spouse of such a former President); or “(B) is the surviving spouse of a former President; and “(2) 4 years and 6 months after the expiration of the period for which services and facilities are authorized to be provided under section 4 of the Presidential Transition Act of 1963 (3 U.S.C. 102 note), in the case of an individual who becomes a former President after such effective date (including any surviving spouse of such individual, as described in the parenthetical matter in paragraph (1)(A)).” 1993—Pub. L. 103–123 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), substituted “Subject to subsection (b), a former” for “A former”, and added subsec. (b). 1973—Pub. L. 93–191 limited the mailing privilege to nonpolitical mail, extended the privilege to surviving spouse of former President and provided for acceptance of such mail marked “Postage and Fees Paid” by the Postal Service for transmission in the international mails.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1993 AmendmentPub. L. 103–123, title IV, § 6(c), Oct. 28, 1993, 107 Stat. 1247, provided that: “The amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) [amending this section and provisions set out as a note under section 102 of Title 3, The President] shall take effect on October 1, 1993.”
+
+Effective Date of 1973 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 93–191 effective Dec. 27, 1972, see section 14 of Pub. L. 93–191, set out as a note under section 3210 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3215.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3215"
+description: "Lending or permitting use of frank unlawful"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3215"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3215"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3215"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "4147277f821569d1bbd57827f8e273bc2550c6a7f407db61b2aaf070fd5353ed"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "11560125daaca988977cf174bf16f5a6b28a59c9b6dcfd1da0a070ba73051143"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3215 - Lending or permitting use of frank unlawful
+
+## Text
+
+A person entitled to use a frank may not lend it or permit its use by any committee, organization, or association, or permit its use by any person for the benefit or use of any committee, organization, or association. This section does not apply to any standing, select, special, or joint committee, or subcommittee thereof, or commission, of the Senate, House of Representatives, or Congress, composed of Members of Congress, or to the Democratic caucus or the Republican conference of the House of Representatives or of the Senate.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 754; Pub. L. 93–191, § 10, Dec. 18, 1973, 87 Stat. 746.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1973—Pub. L. 93–191 substituted provision for nonapplication of section to “any standing, select, special, or joint committee, or subcommittee thereof, or commission, of the Senate, House of Representatives, or Congress, composed of Members of Congress, or to the Democratic caucus or the Republican conference of the House of Representatives or of the Senate” for such nonapplication to “any committee composed of Members of Congress”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1973 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 93–191 effective Dec. 18, 1973, see section 14 of Pub. L. 93–191, set out as a note under section 3210 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3216.md

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3216"
+description: "Reimbursement for franked mailings"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3216"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3216"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3216"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "a6299c8f0caebb12fc33e9b108e700256b65dc769155d779e81d0e732555f227"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "c3a5919daa28895d5819dc6dd4c878452e7cbba72e543a31041dd639bd26e997"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3216 - Reimbursement for franked mailings
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The equivalent of—
+
+(1) postage on, and fees and charges in connection with, mail matter sent through the mails—
+
+(A) under the franking privilege (other than under section 3219 of this title), by the Vice President, Members of and Members-elect to Congress, the Secretary of the Senate, the Sergeant at Arms of the Senate, each of the elected officers of the House of Representatives (other than a Member of the House), the Legislative Counsels of the House of Representatives and the Senate, the Law Revision Counsel of the House of Representatives, and the Senate Legal Counsel; and
+
+(B) by the survivors of a Member of Congress under section 3218 of this title; and
+
+(2) those portions of fees and charges to be paid for handling and delivery by the Postal Service of Mailgrams considered as franked mail under section 3219 of this title;
+
+shall be paid by appropriations for the official mail costs of the Senate and the House of Representatives for that purpose and then paid to the Postal Service as postal revenue. Except as to Mailgrams and except as provided by sections 733 and 907 of title 44, envelopes, wrappers, cards, or labels used to transmit franked mail shall bear, in the upper right-hand corner, the sender’s signature, or a fac­simile thereof.
+
+(b) Postage on, and fees and charges in connection with, mail matter sent through the mails under section 3214 of this title shall be paid each fiscal year, out of any appropriation made for that purpose, to the Postal Service as postal revenue in an amount equivalent to the postage, fees, and charges which would otherwise be payable on, or in connection with, such mail matter.
+
+(c) Payment under subsection (a) or (b) of this section shall be deemed payment for all matter mailed under the frank and for all fees and charges due the Postal Service in connection therewith.
+
+(d) Money collected for matter improperly mailed under the franking privilege shall be deposited as miscellaneous receipts in the general fund of the Treasury.
+
+(e) (1) Not later than two weeks after the last day of each quarter of the fiscal year, or as soon as practicable thereafter, the Postmaster General shall send to the Chief Administrative Officer of the House of Representatives, the House Communications Standards Commission, the Secretary of the Senate, and the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration a report which shall contain a tabulation of the estimated number of pieces and costs of franked mail, as defined in section 3201 of this title, in each mail classification sent through the mail for that quarter and for the preceding quarters in the fiscal year, together with separate tabulations of the number of pieces and costs of such mail sent by the House and by the Senate.
+
+(2) Two weeks after the close of the second quarter of the fiscal year, or as soon as practicable thereafter, the Postmaster General shall send to the Chief Administrative Officer of the House of Representatives, the House Communications Standards Commission, the Committee on House Oversight, the Secretary of the Senate, and the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration, a statement of the costs of postage on, and fees and charges in connection with, mail matter sent through the mails as described in paragraph (1) of this subsection for the preceding two quarters together with an estimate of such costs for the balance of the fiscal year. As soon as practicable after receipt of this statement, the House Communications Standards Commission, the Committee on House Oversight, and the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration shall consider promulgating such regulations for their respective Houses as may be necessary to ensure that total postage costs, as described in paragraph (1) of this subsection, will not exceed the amounts available for the fiscal year.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 754; Pub. L. 92–51, § 101, July 9, 1971, 85 Stat. 132; Pub. L. 93–191, § 7, Dec. 18, 1973, 87 Stat. 745; Pub. L. 93–255, § 2(a), Mar. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 52; Pub. L. 95–521, title VII, § 714(b), Oct. 26, 1978, 92 Stat. 1884; Pub. L. 97–69, § 6(a), Oct. 26, 1981, 95 Stat. 1043; Pub. L. 97–263, § 1(3), Sept. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 1132; Pub. L. 101–163, title III, §§ 316(b), formerly § 316(c), 317, Nov. 21, 1989, 103 Stat. 1067, renumbered § 316(b), Pub. L. 101–520, title III, § 311(h)(3)(B), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 2280; Pub. L. 102–90, title III, § 306, Aug. 14, 1991, 105 Stat. 466; Pub. L. 104–186, title II, § 220, Aug. 20, 1996, 110 Stat. 1748; Pub. L. 116–260, div. I, title I, § 116(b)(2)(A)(ii), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 1637.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2020—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 116–260 substituted “House Communications Standards Commission” for “House Commission on Congressional Mailing Standards” wherever appearing. 1996—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 104–186 substituted “Chief Administrative Officer of the House of Representatives” for “Clerk of the House” in pars. (1) and (2) and “House Oversight” for “House Administration” in two places in par. (2). 1991—Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 102–90 substituted “paragraph (1) of this subsection” for “subsection (1) of this section” in two places. 1990—Pub. L. 101–520 made technical amendment to Pub. L. 101–163, § 316(b). See 1989 Amendment note below. 1989—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–163, § 316(b), formerly § 316(c), as renumbered by Pub. L. 101–520, which directed substitution of “by appropriations for the official mail costs of the Senate and the House of Representatives” for “by a lump sum appropriation to the legislative branch” was executed by making the substitution for “by a lump-sum appropriation to the legislative branch” to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 101–163, § 317, added subsec. (e). 1982—Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 97–263 inserted reference to Law Revision Counsel of House of Representatives. 1981—Subsec. (a)(1)(B). Pub. L. 97–69 substituted “survivors” for “surviving spouse”. 1978—Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 95–521 inserted reference to Senate Legal Counsel. 1974—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 93–255 struck out “, and the printed words ‘Postage paid by Congress’ ” at end of last sentence. 1973—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 93–191 incorporated existing text in provisions designated as par. (1)(A) and (B), substituted in subpar. (a) reference to elected officers of House of Representatives (other than a Member of House) for former references to Clerk of House of Representatives and Sergeant at Arms of House of Representatives, included in subpar. (A) reference to Legislative Counsel of Senate, added par. (2) and provision for the sender’s signature, or facsimile thereof, and printed words “Postage paid by Congress” in upper right-hand corner on transmitted franked mail. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 93–191 added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b), which provided that the postage on mail matter sent through the mails under the franking privilege by former Presidents shall be paid by reimbursement of the postal revenues each fiscal year out of the general funds of the Treasury in an amount equivalent to the postage which would otherwise be payable on the mail matter, was struck out. Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 93–191 added subsecs. (c) and (d). 1971—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 92–51 inserted reference to Legislative Counsel of House of Representatives.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Change of Name Committee on House Oversight of House of Representatives changed to Committee on House Administration of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Sixth Congress, Jan. 6, 1999.
+
+Effective Date of 2020 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 116–260 applicable with respect to communications disseminated on or after Dec. 27, 2020, see section 116(f) of div. I of Pub. L. 116–260, set out as a note under section 501 of Title 2, The Congress.
+
+Effective Date of 1989 AmendmentPub. L. 101–163, title III, § 316(b), formerly § 316(c), Nov. 21, 1989, 103 Stat. 1067, renumbered § 316(b), Pub. L. 101–520, title III, § 311(h)(3)(B), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 2280, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective Oct. 1, 1989.
+
+Effective Date of 1978 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 95–521 effective Jan. 3, 1979, see section 717 of Pub. L. 95–521, set out as an Effective Date note under section 288 of Title 2, The Congress.
+
+Effective Date of 1973 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 93–191 effective Dec. 18, 1973, except that subsec. (b) of this section effective Dec. 27, 1972, see section 14 of Pub. L. 93–191, set out as a note under section 3210 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3217.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3217"
+description: "Correspondence of members of diplomatic corps and consuls of countries of Postal Union of Americas and Spain"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3217"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3217"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3217"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "e52c1829fe1be334807d47d11b33a3e490f04b260bbcd04a300ac7db24a2a69a"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "75ce91647b46ca40d1eecae027d76700889169dc7514bfcaae232db53f270226"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3217 - Correspondence of members of diplomatic corps and consuls of countries of Postal Union of Americas and Spain
+
+## Text
+
+Correspondence of the members of the diplomatic corps of the countries of the Postal Union of the Americas and Spain stationed in the United States may be reciprocally transmitted in the domestic mails free of postage, and be entitled to free registration without right to indemnity in case of loss. The same privilege is accorded consuls and vice consuls when they are discharging the function of consuls of countries stationed in the United States, for official correspondence among themselves, and with the Government of the United States.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 755.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.
+
+Free Mailing Privileges Continue UnchangedPub. L. 109–435, title V, § 505(c), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3236, provided that: “Nothing in this Act [see Tables for classification] or any amendment made by this Act shall affect any free mailing privileges accorded under section 3217 or sections 3403 through 3406 of title 39, United States Code.”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3218.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3218"
+description: "Franked mail for survivors of Members of Congress"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3218"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3218"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3218"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "a9ca37e95b1469fee21360da7982a6282cb75ba8850f278986bf30ed674f05b9"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "e0e7cafb99a0eb4f3d1b7f00d79b5fb29d3729a8a9dc874a3f46f943e68e4148"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3218 - Franked mail for survivors of Members of Congress
+
+## Text
+
+Upon the death of a Member of Congress during his term of office, the surviving spouse of such Member (or, if there is no surviving spouse, a member of the immediate family of the Member designated by the Secretary of the Senate or the Clerk of the House of Representatives, as appropriate, in accordance with rules and procedures established by the Secretary or the Clerk) may send, for a period not to exceed 180 days after his death, as franked mail, nonpolitical correspondence relating to the death of the Member.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 755; Pub. L. 93–191, § 11, Dec. 18, 1973, 87 Stat. 746; Pub. L. 97–69, § 6(b), (c)(1), Oct. 26, 1981, 95 Stat. 1043.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1981—Pub. L. 97–69 substituted “survivors” for “surviving spouses” in section catchline and, in text, inserted “(or, if there is no surviving spouse, a member of the immediate family of the Member designated by the Secretary of the Senate or the Clerk of the House of Representatives, as appropriate, in accordance with rules and procedures established by the Secretary or the Clerk)” after “such Member”. 1973—Pub. L. 93–191 inserted “nonpolitical” before “correspondence”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1973 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 93–191 effective Dec. 18, 1973, see section 14 of Pub. L. 93–191, set out as a note under section 3210 of this title.
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3219.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3219"
+description: "Mailgrams"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3219"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3219"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3219"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "f4bc82d58cb4fb51cceea5a844cb112acb1cf2aa6d40e13496825c67132d6081"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "063725d1813e8ecb9ba7f5a7c3ba1e184bbd9187d4bdf16fe7ee2aa8be92e19d"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3219 - Mailgrams
+
+## Text
+
+Any Mailgram sent by the Vice President, a Member of or Member-elect to Congress, the Secretary of the Senate, the Sergeant at Arms of the Senate, an elected officer of the House of Representatives (other than a Member of the House), the Legislative Counsel of the House of Representatives or the Senate, the Law Revision Counsel of the House of Representatives, or the Senate Legal Counsel, and then delivered by the Postal Service, shall be considered as franked mail, subject to section 3216(a)(2) of this title, if such Mailgram contains matter of the kind authorized to be sent by that official as franked mail under section 3210 of this title.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 93–191, § 12(a), Dec. 18, 1973, 87 Stat. 746; amended Pub. L. 95–521, title VII, § 714(c), Oct. 26, 1978, 92 Stat. 1884; Pub. L. 97–263, § 1(4), Sept. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 1132.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1982—Pub. L. 97–263 inserted reference to Law Revision Counsel of House of Representatives. 1978—Pub. L. 95–521 inserted reference to Senate Legal Counsel.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1978 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 95–521 effective Jan. 3, 1979, see section 717 of Pub. L. 95–521, set out as an Effective Date note under section 288 of Title 2, The Congress.
+
+Effective DateSection effective Dec. 18, 1973, see section 14 of Pub. L. 93–191, set out as an Effective Date of 1976 Amendment note under section 3210 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-32/section-3220.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3220"
+description: "Use of official mail in the location and recovery of missing children"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "32"
+chapter_name: "PENALTY AND FRANKED MAIL"
+section: "3220"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3220"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3220"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "6e914a907a53810b15325ea8412e94c22d157d35b6f45e30b6d54ae38709b0e8"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "d1965aa7f87a559c9231d7126e976bc3c8e9ff44baad22e7a0fa45be36af0f83"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3220 - Use of official mail in the location and recovery of missing children
+
+## Text
+
+(a) (1) The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, after consultation with appropriate public and private agencies, shall prescribe general guidelines under which penalty mail may be used to assist in the location and recovery of missing children. The guidelines shall provide information relating to—
+
+(A) the form and manner in which materials and information relating to missing children (such as biographical data and pictures, sketches, or other likenesses) may be included in penalty mail;
+
+(B) appropriate sources from which such materials and information may be obtained;
+
+(C) the procedures by which such materials and information may be obtained; and
+
+(D) any other matter which the Office considers appropriate.
+
+(2) Each executive department and independent establishment of the Government of the United States shall prescribe regulations under which penalty mail sent by such department or establishment may be used in conformance with the guidelines prescribed under paragraph (1).
+
+(b) The Senate Committee on Rules and Administration and the House Communications Standards Commission shall prescribe for their respective Houses rules and regulations, and shall take such other action as the Committee or Commission considers necessary and proper, in order that purposes similar to those of subsection (a) may, in the discretion of the congressional official or office concerned, be carried out by the use of franked mail sent by such official or office.
+
+(c) As used in this section, “Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention” and “Office” each means the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention within the Department of Justice, as established by section 201 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 99–87, § 1(a)(1), Aug. 9, 1985, 99 Stat. 290; Pub. L. 116–260, div. I, title I, § 116(b)(2)(A)(iii), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 1637.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextSection 201 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 201 of Pub. L. 93–415, which enacted section 11111 of Title 34, Crime Control and Law Enforcement, and amended section 5108 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
+
+Amendments2020—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 116–260 substituted “House Communications Standards Commission” for “House Commission on Congressional Mailing Standards”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2020 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 116–260 applicable with respect to communications disseminated on or after Dec. 27, 2020, see section 116(f) of div. I of Pub. L. 116–260, set out as a note under section 501 of Title 2, The Congress.
+
+Termination DatePub. L. 99–87, § 5, Aug. 9, 1985, 99 Stat. 290, as amended by Pub. L. 100–202, § 101(m) [title VI, § 627(a)], Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1329–390, 1329–430; Pub. L. 102–514, § 1(2), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3371; Pub. L. 105–126, § 1(2), Dec. 1, 1997, 111 Stat. 2542, which provided that the amendments made by section 1 of Pub. L. 99–87, enacting this section and amending sections 3201 and 3204 of this title and section 733 of Title 44, Public Printing and Documents, and any guidelines, rules, or regulations prescribed to carry out such amendments were to cease to be effective after December 31, 2002, was repealed by Pub. L. 109–426, § 1, Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 2911.
+
+Issuance of Guidelines, Rules, and RegulationsPub. L. 99–87, § 2, Aug. 9, 1985, 99 Stat. 291, provided that: “(a) Guidelines.—The guidelines described in section 3220(a)(1) of title 39, United States Code, as added by this Act, shall be prescribed not later than ninety days after the date of the enactment of this Act (Aug. 9, 1985). “(b) Rules and Regulations.—The regulations described in subsection (a)(2) of section 3220 of title 39, United States Code, as added by this Act, and the rules and regulations described in subsection (b) of such section, as so added, shall be prescribed not later than one hundred and eighty days after the date of the enactment of this Act (Aug. 9, 1985).”
+
+Reporting RequirementsPub. L. 99–87, § 3, Aug. 9, 1985, 99 Stat. 291, as amended by Pub. L. 100–202, § 101(m) (title VI, § 627(b)), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1329–390, 1329–430; Pub. L. 102–514, § 1(1), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3371; Pub. L. 105–126, § 1(1), Dec. 1, 1997, 111 Stat. 2542, required the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration, and the House Commission on Congressional Mailing Standards each to submit a report no later than June 30, 2002, on the authority provided by this section.
+
+Clarification Relating to Coordination of Government ProgramsPub. L. 99–87, § 4, Aug. 9, 1985, 99 Stat. 292, provided that: “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the authority provided by section 3220(b) of title 39, United States Code, as added by this Act, shall not be considered to be subject to the authority of any agency within the executive branch of the Government of the United States to coordinate programs relating to missing children.”

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-34/section-3402.md

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3402"
+description: "Repealed. Pub. L. 96–70, title I, § 1331(e)(3)(A), Sept. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 482]"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "34"
+chapter_name: "ARMED FORCES AND FREE POSTAGE"
+section: "3402"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3402"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3402"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "ae7be52d44198ec343bdc8d0b9968dd7bc292481d6a16204bc0ca93690456162"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "694487d5465eae71f4481264f0648a1a078499a44005cd3b052850d346b41031"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3402 - Repealed. Pub. L. 96–70, title I, § 1331(e)(3)(A), Sept. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 482]
+
+## Notes
+
+Section, Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 757, related to mailing privileges of members of Armed Forces of the United States and of friendly foreign nations in the Canal Zone.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of RepealRepeal effective Oct. 1, 1979, see section 3304 of Pub. L. 96–70, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3601 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

legal/us/code/title-39/chapter-34/section-3403.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "39 U.S.C. § 3403"
+description: "Matter for blind and other handicapped persons"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 39
+title_name: "POSTAL SERVICE"
+chapter_number: "34"
+chapter_name: "ARMED FORCES AND FREE POSTAGE"
+section: "3403"
+citation: "39 U.S.C. § 3403"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc39@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t39/s3403"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-39/usc39.xml"
+source_hash: "d06652e78d7e262cd080468aa586d583348cb5d0a4491654055bcd0924310598"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "ccea35969be78d053165f1170bf2aa826a68e5b4dea1fe3356d8a09e86e19a65"
+text_hash: "aa90967fb2024d5950070a6a0ad70de0462f4b0ff34cfc9356738cab8573fed8"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 39 U.S.C. § 3403 - Matter for blind and other handicapped persons
+
+## Text
+
+(a) The matter described in subsection (b) of this section (other than matter mailed under section 3404 of this title) may be mailed free of postage, if—
+
+(1) the matter is for the use of the blind or other persons who cannot use or read conventionally printed material because of a physical impairment and who are certified by competent authority as unable to read normal reading material in accordance with the provisions of sections 135a and 135b of title 2;
+
+(2) no charge, or rental, subscription, or other fee, is required for such matter or a charge, or rental, subscription, or other fee is required for such matter not in excess of the cost thereof;
+
+(3) the matter may be opened by the Postal Service for inspection; and
+
+(4) the matter contains no advertising.
+
+(b) The free mailing privilege provided by subsection (a) of this section is extended to—
+
+(1) reading matter and musical scores;
+
+(2) sound reproductions;
+
+(3) paper, records, tapes, and other material for the production of reading matter, musical scores, or sound reproductions;
+
+(4) reproducers or parts thereof, for sound reproductions; and
+
+(5) braille writers, typewriters, educational or other materials or devices, or parts thereof, used for writing by, or specifically designed or adapted for use of, a blind person or a person having a physical impairment as described in subsection (a)(1) of this section.
+
+(Pub. L. 91–375, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 757.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection effective July 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors. See section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as a note preceding section 101 of this title.