Legal corpus: the complete U.S. Code (59,740 sections, all 53 titles)

Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 10:51:44 -04:00
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+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "42 U.S.C. § 10302"
+description: "Congressional declaration of purpose"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 42
+title_name: "THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE"
+chapter_number: "109"
+chapter_name: "WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH"
+section: "10302"
+citation: "42 U.S.C. § 10302"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc42@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t42/s10302"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-42/usc42.xml"
+source_hash: "21f609b23e0b856595009d0740136ea4bb895f8e091f09b51e2a3447208fc7f3"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "644321055a08eb1f260a6a3e31ac157fa024756abf612a9fd6857e7e400cf24e"
+text_hash: "f677309930bfb1dd7ffa38d81ce3eef8a3bc570a120befaf63d9af10e2e41e60"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 42 U.S.C. § 10302 - Congressional declaration of purpose
+
+## Text
+
+It is the purpose of this chapter to assist the Nation and the States in augmenting their water resources science and technology as a way to—
+
+(1) assure supplies of water sufficient in quantity and quality to meet the Nation’s expanding needs for the production of food, materials, and energy;
+
+(2) discover practical solutions to the Nation’s water and water resources related problems, particularly those problems related to impaired water quality;
+
+(3) assure the protection and enhancement of environmental and social values in connection with water resources management and utilization;
+
+(4) promote the interest of State and local governments as well as private industry in research and the development of technology that will reclaim waste water and to convert saline and other impaired waters to waters suitable for municipal, industrial, agricultural, recreational, and other beneficial uses;
+
+(5) promote more effective coordination of the Nation’s water resources research program;
+
+(6) promote the development of a cadre of trained research scientists, engineers, and technicians for future water resources problems; and
+
+(7) encourage long-term planning and research to meet future water management, quality, and supply challenges.
+
+(Pub. L. 98–242, title I, § 103, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 97; Pub. L. 101–397, § 1(a), Sept. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 852; Pub. L. 104–147, § 2, May 24, 1996, 110 Stat. 1375.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThis chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 98–242, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 97, known as the Water Resources Research Act of 1984. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 10301 of this title and Tables.
+
+Amendments1996—Par. (5). Pub. L. 104–147, § 2(1), struck out “to” before “promote” and “and” after “program;”. Par. (6). Pub. L. 104–147, § 2(2), substituted “; and” for period at end. Par. (7). Pub. L. 104–147, § 2(3), added par. (7). 1990—Par. (5). Pub. L. 101–397 substituted “to promote more effective coordination of” for “coordinate more effectively”.
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "42 U.S.C. § 10304"
+description: "Research concerning water resource-related problems deemed to be in national interest"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 42
+title_name: "THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE"
+chapter_number: "109"
+chapter_name: "WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH"
+section: "10304"
+citation: "42 U.S.C. § 10304"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc42@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t42/s10304"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-42/usc42.xml"
+source_hash: "e8516b83716bc144607d05e18d825cf85d5fc5f840b6c8514ead732a0f7a9c86"
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+text_hash: "a0308d373e258d23a193099c7d5bfa4da62577eec3e6419e0b09c6a0a2ca367a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 42 U.S.C. § 10304 - Research concerning water resource-related problems deemed to be in national interest
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Grants; matching funds (1) In addition to the grants authorized by section 10303 of this title, the Secretary is authorized to make grants, on a dollar-for-dollar matching basis, to the institutes established under such section, as well as other qualified educational institutions, private foundations, private firms, individuals, and agencies of local or State government for research concerning any aspect of a water resource-related problem which the Secretary may deem to be in the national interest. Such grants shall be made with such advice and review by peer or other expert groups of appropriate interdisciplinary composition as the Secretary deems appropriate on the basis of the merits of the project and the need for the knowledge such project is expected to produce upon completion.
+
+(2) Research funded under this section should to the extent possible utilize the best qualified graduate students so the Nation profits from the education and training benefits resulting from the use of the latest in technological developments in solving water problems.
+
+(b) Applications for grants Each application for a grant under this section shall state the nature of the project to be undertaken, the period during which it will be pursued, the qualifications of the personnel who will direct and conduct it, the importance of the project to the Nation as well as to the region and State concerned, its relation to other research projects previously or currently being pursued, and the extent to which it will provide an opportunity for the training of water resources scientists.
+
+(c) Authorization of appropriations There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary the sum of $10,000,000 for the purpose of carrying out this section for each of the fiscal years ending September 30, 1985, through September 30, 1995, such sums to remain available until expended.
+
+(Pub. L. 98–242, title I, § 105, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 100; Pub. L. 101–397, § 1(i), (j), Sept. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 853.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1990—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 101–397, § 1(i), struck out par. (3) which read as follows: “In cases where the Secretary determines, in accordance with criteria established by him, that research under this section is of a basic nature which would not otherwise be undertaken, the Secretary may approve grants under this section with a matching requirement other than that specified in paragraph (1) of this subsection.” Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101–397, § 1(j), substituted “$10,000,000” for “$20,000,000” and “1995” for “1989”.
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "42 U.S.C. § 10305"
+description: "Development of water-related technology"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 42
+title_name: "THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE"
+chapter_number: "109"
+chapter_name: "WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH"
+section: "10305"
+citation: "42 U.S.C. § 10305"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc42@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t42/s10305"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-42/usc42.xml"
+source_hash: "b7aacdf5c578a305c420702c789ce66675de78d4e7b446d96e33023d1e1f14b4"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "644321055a08eb1f260a6a3e31ac157fa024756abf612a9fd6857e7e400cf24e"
+text_hash: "b53761e97388caeae828a790766962365a9c87cd0e4d27ce3e66378c046ea97d"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 42 U.S.C. § 10305 - Development of water-related technology
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Grants; matching funds (1) The Secretary shall make grants in addition to those authorized under sections 10303 and 10304 of this title for technology development concerning any aspect of water resources including water-related technology which the Secretary may deem to be of State, regional, or national importance. Activities funded under this section may be carried out by educational institutions, private firms, foundations, individuals, or agencies of State or local government. Care shall be taken to protect proprietary information of private individuals or firms associated with the technology.
+
+(2) The Secretary may establish any condition for the matching of funds by the recipient of any grant or contract under this section which the Secretary considers to be in the best interest of the Nation considering the information transfer and technology needs of the Nation. However, in the case of institutes established by section 10303 of this title no match greater than that required under section 10303 of this title may be required.
+
+(b) Applications for grants Each application for a grant under this section shall state the nature of the project to be undertaken, the qualifications of the personnel who will direct and conduct it, facilities of the organization performing any technology development, the importance of the project to the Nation, region, and State concerned, and the potential benefit to be accrued.
+
+(c) Authorization of appropriations There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary the sum of $6,000,000 for the purpose of carrying out this section for each of the fiscal years ending September 30, 1990, through September 30, 1995; such sums to remain available until expended.
+
+(Pub. L. 98–242, title I, § 106, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 100; Pub. L. 101–397, § 1(n), Sept. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 853.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1990—Pub. L. 101–397, in amending section generally, in subsec. (a)(1) struck out provision directing that grant be made on basis of merit and feasibility of project, in subsec. (a)(2) inserted provisions relating to match in the case of institutes established by section 10303 of this title, and in subsec. (c) substituted provisions authorizing $6,000,000 appropriation for fiscal years 1990 through 1995, for provisions authorizing the same sum for fiscal years 1985 through 1989, and struck out provisions authorizing obligation of funds under this section and par. (1) and (2) designations.
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "42 U.S.C. § 10306"
+description: "Administrative costs"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 42
+title_name: "THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE"
+chapter_number: "109"
+chapter_name: "WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH"
+section: "10306"
+citation: "42 U.S.C. § 10306"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc42@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t42/s10306"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-42/usc42.xml"
+source_hash: "14d0c0e694c68ac3a3b4fe9660ce2faee08fe4e2787d38449d8320a217d2fd07"
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+text_hash: "fc33f300dfc2d7c051cb28ffad4159773ab758b9964f263ea03d15e905c01955"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 42 U.S.C. § 10306 - Administrative costs
+
+## Text
+
+From the sums appropriated pursuant to this chapter, not more than 7.5 per centum shall be utilized for administrative costs.
+
+(Pub. L. 98–242, title I, § 107, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 101; Pub. L. 109–471, § 2(f), Jan. 11, 2007, 120 Stat. 3553.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThis chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 98–242, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 97, known as the Water Resources Research Act of 1984, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 10301 of this title and Tables.
+
+Amendments2007—Pub. L. 109–471 substituted “7.5” for “15”.
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "42 U.S.C. § 10307"
+description: "Types of research and development"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 42
+title_name: "THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE"
+chapter_number: "109"
+chapter_name: "WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH"
+section: "10307"
+citation: "42 U.S.C. § 10307"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc42@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t42/s10307"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-42/usc42.xml"
+source_hash: "50f18fd212b99e395aa282cc73e622cbaa9cfbe2a0b2a670911cad3a4b196e07"
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+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 42 U.S.C. § 10307 - Types of research and development
+
+## Text
+
+The type of research and development to be undertaken under the authority of sections 10304 and 10305 of this title and to be encouraged by the institutes established under section 10303 of this title shall include the following:
+
+(1) Aspects of the hydrologic cycle;
+
+(2) Supply and demand for water;
+
+(3) Demineralization of saline and other impaired waters;
+
+(4) Conservation and best use of available supplies of water and methods of increasing such supplies;
+
+(5) Water reuse;
+
+(6) Depletion, contamination, and degradation of groundwater supplies;
+
+(7) Improvements in the productivity of water when used for agricultural, municipal, and commercial purposes;
+
+(8) The economic, legal, engineering, social, recreational, biological, geographic, ecological, and other aspects of water quality and quantity problems;
+
+(9) Scientific information dissemination activities, including identifying, assembling, and interpreting the results of scientific and engineering research on water resources problems; and
+
+(10) Providing means for improved communication of research results, having due regard for the varying conditions and needs for the respective States and regions.
+
+(Pub. L. 98–242, title I, § 108, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 101; Pub. L. 101–397, § 1(k), (l), Sept. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 853.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1990—Par. (6). Pub. L. 101–397, § 1(k), which directed that “, contamination,” be inserted after “depletion”, was executed by making the insertion after “Depletion” to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Par. (8). Pub. L. 101–397, § 1(l), inserted “quality and quantity” after “water”.
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "42 U.S.C. § 10308"
+description: "Patent policy"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 42
+title_name: "THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE"
+chapter_number: "109"
+chapter_name: "WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH"
+section: "10308"
+citation: "42 U.S.C. § 10308"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc42@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t42/s10308"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-42/usc42.xml"
+source_hash: "b3c6551dcf3ec6240abcf00681496a8337669e53fd128bb69e00d2c8131777fe"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "644321055a08eb1f260a6a3e31ac157fa024756abf612a9fd6857e7e400cf24e"
+text_hash: "51e59b0fbec4f1d4264d36a54a821f9972512237bbd6c5ff38fb409230732f93"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 42 U.S.C. § 10308 - Patent policy
+
+## Text
+
+Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary shall be governed by the provisions of sections 5908 (except subsections (l) and (n)) and 5909 of this title with respect to patent policy and to the definition of title to and licensing of inventions made or conceived in the course of work performed, or under any contract or grant made, pursuant to this chapter. Subject to such patent policy, all research or development contracted for, sponsored, cosponsored, or authorized under authority of this chapter shall be provided in such manner that all information, data, and know-how, regardless of their nature or mediums, resulting from such research and development shall (with such exceptions and limitations, if any, as the Secretary may find to be necessary in the interest of national defense) be usefully available for practice by the general public.
+
+(Pub. L. 98–242, title I, § 109, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 101.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextThis chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 98–242, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 97, known as the Water Resources Research Act of 1984, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 10301 of this title and Tables.
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "42 U.S.C. § 10309"
+description: "New spending authority; amounts provided in advance"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 42
+title_name: "THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE"
+chapter_number: "109"
+chapter_name: "WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH"
+section: "10309"
+citation: "42 U.S.C. § 10309"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc42@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t42/s10309"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-42/usc42.xml"
+source_hash: "8dd46847790b2eb2f4eb7d3f8d9c1d0247f0f4335597cb45c4b216f638be7957"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "644321055a08eb1f260a6a3e31ac157fa024756abf612a9fd6857e7e400cf24e"
+text_hash: "8b6221c14734598b7eece1c8922722ac4170200a673e91bb04f0a7c57811564f"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 42 U.S.C. § 10309 - New spending authority; amounts provided in advance
+
+## Text
+
+Any new spending authority described in subsection (c)(2)(A) or (B) of section 651 11 See References in Text note below. of title 2 which is provided under this chapter shall be effective for any fiscal year only to such extent or in such amounts as are provided in advance in appropriations Acts.
+
+(Pub. L. 98–242, title I, § 111, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 101.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+References in TextSection 651 of title 2, referred to in text, was amended by Pub. L. 105–33, title X, § 10116(a)(3), (5), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 691, by striking out subsec. (c) and redesignating former subsec. (d) as (c). This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 98–242, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 97, known as the Water Resources Research Act of 1984, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 10301 of this title and Tables.
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "42 U.S.C. § 10310"
+description: "Produced water research and development"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 42
+title_name: "THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE"
+chapter_number: "109"
+chapter_name: "WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH"
+section: "10310"
+citation: "42 U.S.C. § 10310"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc42@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t42/s10310"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-42/usc42.xml"
+source_hash: "406fcdf0c7f01af4f7ab5ea99ceaea5885393d0f2c3bf4d75f110333440cd31f"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "644321055a08eb1f260a6a3e31ac157fa024756abf612a9fd6857e7e400cf24e"
+text_hash: "02bc8f9cc5194dc1fed39fcd001132b4ae9d285761f8ff0e0c1c9ec2065cd221"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 42 U.S.C. § 10310 - Produced water research and development
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Establishment As soon as possible after December 27, 2020, the Secretary of Energy (in this section referred to as the “Secretary”) shall establish a research and development program on produced water to develop—
+
+(1) new technologies and practices to reduce the environmental impact; and
+
+(2) opportunities for reprocessing of produced water at natural gas or oil development sites.
+
+(b) Prioritization In carrying out the program established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall give priority to projects that develop and bring to market—
+
+(1) effective systems for on-site management or repurposing of produced water; and
+
+(2) new technologies or approaches to reduce the environmental impact of produced water on local water sources and the environment.
+
+(c) Conduct of program In carrying out the program established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall carry out science-based research and development activities to pursue—
+
+(1) improved efficiency, technologies, and techniques for produced water recycling stations; and
+
+(2) alternative approaches to treating, reusing, storing, or decontaminating produced water.
+
+(d) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025.
+
+(Pub. L. 116–260, div. Z, title IV, § 4008, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2546.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Codification Section was enacted as part of the Energy Act of 2020, and not as part of the Water Resources Research Act of 1984 which comprises this chapter.