Legal corpus: the complete U.S. Code (59,740 sections, all 53 titles)

Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 10:51:44 -04:00
parent 511d65f9a0
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+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "46 U.S.C. § 30702"
+description: "Application"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 46
+title_name: "SHIPPING"
+chapter_number: "307"
+chapter_name: "LIABILITY OF WATER CARRIERS"
+section: "30702"
+citation: "46 U.S.C. § 30702"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc46@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t46/s30702"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-46/usc46.xml"
+source_hash: "6153ea24eb4defcc0e75666d328a7c5413a94a81c3bd835f72005dd05e740b50"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "eb1331aa3c08ed87231a3606d86b30d1b5942cdf8542f6a3df8ac1d66e86057f"
+text_hash: "97836c66b6932092f4d0cc9eec4614c5e0d05b4ddefcaf49814c2fa45f953e0a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 46 U.S.C. § 30702 - Application
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In General.— Except as otherwise provided, this chapter applies to a carrier engaged in the carriage of goods to or from any port in the United States.
+
+(b) Live Animals.— Sections 30703 and 30704 of this title do not apply to the carriage of live animals.
+
+(Pub. L. 109–304, § 6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1516.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 30702(a)(no source). 30702(b)46 App.:195.Feb. 13, 1893, ch. 105, § 7, 27 Stat. 446. Subsection (a) is added based on language appearing in various source provisions restated in this chapter. The word “carriage” is substituted for “transporting”, and the word “goods” is substituted for “merchandise or property”, to use the same terminology as in the Carriage of Goods By Sea Act (Apr. 16, 1936, ch. 229, 49 Stat. 1207). The words “to or from any port in the United States” are substituted for “from or between ports of the United States and foreign ports” in 46 App. U.S.C. 190 and 193, “from or between ports of the United States of America and foreign ports” in 46 App. U.S.C. 191, and “to or from any port in the United States of America” in 46 App. U.S.C. 192, for clarity and consistency. See Knott v. Botany Mills, 179 U.S. 69 (1900).
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "46 U.S.C. § 30703"
+description: "Bills of lading"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 46
+title_name: "SHIPPING"
+chapter_number: "307"
+chapter_name: "LIABILITY OF WATER CARRIERS"
+section: "30703"
+citation: "46 U.S.C. § 30703"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc46@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t46/s30703"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-46/usc46.xml"
+source_hash: "341d71d4a8ccf7211295841a74c30c28b0c208c05d1cce4f3b4916c373175d46"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "eb1331aa3c08ed87231a3606d86b30d1b5942cdf8542f6a3df8ac1d66e86057f"
+text_hash: "fca3e45d4593cfd028781af8b551bbc340a33459b380fa4614cd9c2607cd52ad"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 46 U.S.C. § 30703 - Bills of lading
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Issuance.— On demand of a shipper, the carrier shall issue a bill of lading or shipping document.
+
+(b) Contents.— The bill of lading or shipping document shall include a statement of—
+
+(1) the marks necessary to identify the goods;
+
+(2) the number of packages, or the quantity or weight, and whether it is carrier’s or shipper’s weight; and
+
+(3) the apparent condition of the goods.
+
+(c) Prima Facie Evidence of Receipt.— A bill of lading or shipping document issued under this section is prima facie evidence of receipt of the goods described.
+
+(Pub. L. 109–304, § 6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1516.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 3070346 App.:193.Feb. 13, 1893, ch. 105, § 4, 27 Stat. 445. In subsection (a), the words “On demand of a shipper” are added because of the reference to a demand in 46 App. U.S.C. 194. The words “transporting merchandise or property from or between ports of the United States and foreign ports” are omitted because of section 30702(a) of the revised title. The word “lawful” (which modifies “merchandise”) is omitted as unnecessary. In subsection (b)(2), the words “or weight” are added for consistency with the requirement to state whether it is the carrier’s or shipper’s weight. In subsection (b)(3), the word “order” is omitted as redundant to “condition”. The words “delivered to and received by . . . for transportation” are omitted as unnecessary.
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "46 U.S.C. § 30704"
+description: "Loading, stowage, custody, care, and delivery"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 46
+title_name: "SHIPPING"
+chapter_number: "307"
+chapter_name: "LIABILITY OF WATER CARRIERS"
+section: "30704"
+citation: "46 U.S.C. § 30704"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc46@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t46/s30704"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-46/usc46.xml"
+source_hash: "246974e8620dd2aaee128cdcf40b2ae40fdd3307647a0ec714f4e61a61da9fe5"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "eb1331aa3c08ed87231a3606d86b30d1b5942cdf8542f6a3df8ac1d66e86057f"
+text_hash: "72769059d7b9d673521958eee3e897cbc7cf7909a39a24a8c81673224871b4a9"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 46 U.S.C. § 30704 - Loading, stowage, custody, care, and delivery
+
+## Text
+
+A carrier may not insert in a bill of lading or shipping document a provision avoiding its liability for loss or damage arising from negligence or fault in loading, stowage, custody, care, or proper delivery. Any such provision is void.
+
+(Pub. L. 109–304, § 6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1516.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 3070446 App.:190.Feb. 13, 1893, ch. 105, § 1, 27 Stat. 445. The words “transporting merchandise or property from or between ports of the United States and foreign ports” are omitted because of section 30702(a) of the revised title. The words “may not” are substituted for “It shall not be lawful . . . to”, and the word “provision” is substituted for “clause, covenant, or agreement”, to eliminate unnecessary words. The words “any and all lawful” and “committed to its or their charge” are omitted as unnecessary. The words “Any such provision is void” are substituted for “Any and all words or clauses of such import inserted in bills of lading or shipping receipts shall be null and void and of no effect” to eliminate unnecessary words.
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "46 U.S.C. § 30705"
+description: "Seaworthiness"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 46
+title_name: "SHIPPING"
+chapter_number: "307"
+chapter_name: "LIABILITY OF WATER CARRIERS"
+section: "30705"
+citation: "46 U.S.C. § 30705"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc46@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t46/s30705"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-46/usc46.xml"
+source_hash: "c4ac31da6889fa473e072d83abe0ace9330f98a309ec53d4e1fb81815f1d9891"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "eb1331aa3c08ed87231a3606d86b30d1b5942cdf8542f6a3df8ac1d66e86057f"
+text_hash: "3c821d23aed88d7bd2b1f83e2b0d6b97b232babaaab2572cd60f90e1c772e7b1"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 46 U.S.C. § 30705 - Seaworthiness
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Prohibition.— A carrier may not insert in a bill of lading or shipping document a provision lessening or avoiding its obligation to exercise due diligence to—
+
+(1) make the vessel seaworthy; and
+
+(2) properly man, equip, and supply the vessel.
+
+(b) Voidness.— A provision described in subsection (a) is void.
+
+(Pub. L. 109–304, § 6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1516.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 3070546 App.:191.Feb. 13, 1893, ch. 105, § 2, 27 Stat. 445. In subsection (a), before paragraph (1), the words “transporting merchandise or property from or between ports of the United States of America and foreign ports” are omitted because of section 30702(a) of the revised title. The words “may not” are substituted for “It shall not be lawful . . . to”, the word “provision” is substituted for “covenant or agreement”, and the words “lessening or avoiding its obligation” are substituted for “whereby the obligations . . . shall in any wise be lessened, weakened, or avoided”, to eliminate unnecessary words. In paragraph (1), the words “and capable of performing her intended voyage” are omitted as unnecessary. In paragraph (2), the word “supply” is substituted for “provision, and outfit” to eliminate unnecessary words. The words “or whereby the obligations of the master, officers, agents, or servants to carefully handle and stow her cargo and to care for and properly deliver same” are omitted as covered by section 30704 of the revised title. Subsection (b) is added for clarity and for consistency with section 30704 of the revised title.
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "46 U.S.C. § 30706"
+description: "Defenses"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 46
+title_name: "SHIPPING"
+chapter_number: "307"
+chapter_name: "LIABILITY OF WATER CARRIERS"
+section: "30706"
+citation: "46 U.S.C. § 30706"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc46@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t46/s30706"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-46/usc46.xml"
+source_hash: "f99b2f5dcfa981c3bf10edb067f3ef6c90c774dd2c3e62211d306be68288dc28"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "eb1331aa3c08ed87231a3606d86b30d1b5942cdf8542f6a3df8ac1d66e86057f"
+text_hash: "3a621c39bd2af0e3af81ef5baa3dda2a159ac2a6278022aa89df158455c91bc0"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 46 U.S.C. § 30706 - Defenses
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Due Diligence.— If a carrier has exercised due diligence to make the vessel in all respects seaworthy and to properly man, equip, and supply the vessel, the carrier and the vessel are not liable for loss or damage arising from an error in the navigation or management of the vessel.
+
+(b) Other Defenses.— A carrier and the vessel are not liable for loss or damage arising from—
+
+(1) dangers of the sea or other navigable waters;
+
+(2) acts of God;
+
+(3) public enemies;
+
+(4) seizure under legal process;
+
+(5) inherent defect, quality, or vice of the goods;
+
+(6) insufficiency of package;
+
+(7) act or omission of the shipper or owner of the goods or their agent; or
+
+(8) saving or attempting to save life or property at sea, including a deviation in rendering such a service.
+
+(Pub. L. 109–304, § 6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1517.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 3070646 App.:192.Feb. 13, 1893, ch. 105, § 3, 27 Stat. 445. This section is restated as two subsections to clarify that the exercise of due diligence in making the vessel seaworthy is a condition only to the defense of error in navigation or management restated in subsection (a). See May v. Hamburg-Amerikanische Packetfahrt Aktiengesellschaft (The Isis), 290 U.S. 333, 353 (1933). The words “transporting merchandise or property to or from any port in the United States of America” are omitted because of section 30702(a) of the revised title.
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "46 U.S.C. § 30707"
+description: "Criminal penalty"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 46
+title_name: "SHIPPING"
+chapter_number: "307"
+chapter_name: "LIABILITY OF WATER CARRIERS"
+section: "30707"
+citation: "46 U.S.C. § 30707"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc46@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t46/s30707"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-46/usc46.xml"
+source_hash: "581126221310917b5e327e5a0db57320d07dac1d9cf62d45a7ae9aa5d5ec22c1"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "eb1331aa3c08ed87231a3606d86b30d1b5942cdf8542f6a3df8ac1d66e86057f"
+text_hash: "c27232c4c296e7e3810d6f30fff87e0e1c9269bf6ab6d28932433f085288f888"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 46 U.S.C. § 30707 - Criminal penalty
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In General.— A carrier that violates this chapter shall be fined under title 18.
+
+(b) Lien.— The amount of the fine and costs for the violation constitute a lien on the vessel engaged in the carriage. A civil action in rem to enforce the lien may be brought in the district court of the United States for any district in which the vessel is found.
+
+(c) Disposition of Fine.— Half of the fine shall go to the person injured by the violation and half to the United States Government.
+
+(Pub. L. 109–304, § 6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1517.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 3070746 App.:194.Feb. 13, 1893, ch. 105, § 5, 27 Stat. 446. In subsection (a), the words “and who refuses to issue on demand the bill of lading herein provided for” are omitted as unnecessary. The words “shall be fined under title 18” are substituted for “shall be liable to a fine not exceeding $2,000” because of chapter 227 of title 18. In subsection (b), the words “A civil action in rem to enforce the lien may be brought in the district court of the United States for any district in which the vessel is found” are substituted for “such vessel may be libeled therefor in any district court of the United States” for clarity and to modernize the language.