Legal corpus: the complete U.S. Code (59,740 sections, all 53 titles)

Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code
now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 ->
59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun,
verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make
legal-us-code default now covers every title.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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---
type: "LegalText"
title: "49 U.S.C. § 32301"
description: "Definitions"
jurisdiction: "us"
corpus: "united_states_code"
kind: "code_section"
title_number: 49
title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
chapter_number: "323"
chapter_name: "CONSUMER INFORMATION"
section: "32301"
citation: "49 U.S.C. § 32301"
status: "current"
release_point: "119-100"
release_date: "2026-06-26"
source: "official"
source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s32301"
source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
source_hash: "3d58fa672d74cf94b79b1629c690099fe1094307a7efedd56354417e19bfa0ac"
raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
text_hash: "e8fad802b0c0e6ba6b622da7f269169da98315d18bead6ae7d665ea8d3ff8b29"
retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
confidence: "official"
tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
---
# 49 U.S.C. § 32301 - Definitions
## Text
In this chapter—
(1) “crash avoidance” means preventing or mitigating a crash;
(2) “crashworthiness” means the protection a passenger motor vehicle gives its passengers against personal injury or death from a motor vehicle accident; and
(3) “damage susceptibility” means the susceptibility of a passenger motor vehicle to damage in a motor vehicle accident.
(Pub. L. 103272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1035; Pub. L. 112141, div. C, title I, § 31305(a), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 765.)
## Notes
Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 3230115:1901(13), (14).Oct. 20, 1972, Pub. L. 92513, § 2(13), (14), 86 Stat. 948; Dec. 22, 1975, Pub. L. 94163, § 301, 89 Stat. 901; Oct. 10, 1980, Pub. L. 96425, § 8(a)(2), 94 Stat. 1828; Oct. 25, 1984, Pub. L. 98547, § 101(b), 98 Stat. 2767.
Editorial Notes
Amendments2012—Pub. L. 112141 added par. (1), redesignated former pars. (1) and (2) as (2) and (3), respectively, and, in par. (2), substituted “; and” for period at end.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2012 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 112141 effective Oct. 1, 2012, see section 3(a) of Pub. L. 112141, set out as an Effective and Termination Dates of 2012 Amendment note under section 101 of Title 23, Highways.