Legal corpus: the complete U.S. Code (59,740 sections, all 53 titles)

Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code
now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 ->
59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun,
verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make
legal-us-code default now covers every title.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46302.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46302"
+description: "False information"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46302"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46302"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46302"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "ed440e56434c78a89d2620e046dee04fecfc742e9b79a0bbf85a2d9593b0cace"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "7ac7a8f917ed94466cd0d411fdd3b239d8eba2568288f2f2b754f0b810aa0a03"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46302 - False information
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Civil Penalty.— A person that, knowing the information to be false, gives, or causes to be given, under circumstances in which the information reasonably may be believed, false information about an alleged attempt being made or to be made to do an act that would violate section 46502(a), 46504, 46505, or 46506 of this title, is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $10,000 for each violation.
+
+(b) Compromise and Setoff.— (1) The Secretary of Homeland Security and, for a violation relating to section 46504, the Secretary of Transportation, may compromise the amount of a civil penalty imposed under subsection (a) of this section.
+
+(2) The Government may deduct the amount of a civil penalty imposed or compromised under this section from amounts it owes the person liable for the penalty.
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1234; Pub. L. 108–458, title IV, § 4027(b), Dec. 17, 2004, 118 Stat. 3727.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 46302(a)49 App.:1471(c).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 901(c); added Oct. 12, 1984, Pub. L. 98–473, § 2014(a)(1), 98 Stat. 2189. 46302(b)49 App.:1471(a)(2) (related to 1471(c)).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 901(a)(2) (related to § 901(c)), 72 Stat. 784; July 10, 1962, Pub. L. 87–528, § 12, 76 Stat. 150; restated Oct. 24, 1978, Pub. L. 95–504, § 35(b), 92 Stat. 1740; Oct. 12, 1984, Pub. L. 98–473, § 2014(b), 98 Stat. 2189.  49 App.:1551(b)(1)(E).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 1601(b)(1)(E); added Oct. 4, 1984, Pub. L. 98–443, § 3(e), 98 Stat. 1704. In subsection (a), the words “gives, or causes to be given” are substituted for “imparts or conveys or causes to be imparted or conveyed” to eliminate unnecessary words. The words “attempt or”, “a crime”, and “which shall be recoverable in a civil action brought in the name of the United States” are omitted as surplus. In subsection (b)(1), the words “imposed under” are substituted for “provided for in” for consistency. In subsection (b)(2), the words “imposed or compromised” are substituted for “The amount of such penalty when finally determined or fixed by order of the Board, or the amount agreed upon in compromise” to eliminate unnecessary words.
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2004—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 108–458 substituted “Secretary of Homeland Security and, for a violation relating to section 46504, the Secretary of Transportation,” for “Secretary of Transportation”.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46303.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46303"
+description: "Carrying a weapon"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46303"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46303"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46303"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "567fde9bfe8bdb33500110c091701731c8350c288823b81a67d6fbb6bd998fa4"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "2a33127492970815d39fa0b04f5f9d53fd333a176c4d30da956be4331f71012b"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46303 - Carrying a weapon
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Civil Penalty.— An individual who, when on, or attempting to board, an aircraft in, or intended for operation in, air transportation or intrastate air transportation, has on or about the individual or the property of the individual a concealed dangerous weapon that is or would be accessible to the individual in flight is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $10,000 for each violation.
+
+(b) Compromise and Setoff.— (1) The Secretary of Homeland Security may compromise the amount of a civil penalty imposed under subsection (a) of this section.
+
+(2) The Government may deduct the amount of a civil penalty imposed or compromised under this section from amounts it owes the individual liable for the penalty.
+
+(c) Nonapplication.— This section does not apply to—
+
+(1) a law enforcement officer of a State or political subdivision of a State, or an officer or employee of the Government, authorized to carry arms in an official capacity; or
+
+(2) another individual the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration or the Secretary of Homeland Security by regulation authorizes to carry arms in an official capacity.
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1234; Pub. L. 107–71, title I, § 140(d)(5), Nov. 19, 2001, 115 Stat. 642; Pub. L. 108–458, title IV, § 4027(c), Dec. 17, 2004, 118 Stat. 3727.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 46303(a)49 App.:1471(d) (words after 3d comma).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 901(d); added Oct. 12, 1984, Pub. L. 98–473, § 2014(a)(1), 98 Stat. 2189. 46303(b)49 App.:1471(a)(2) (related to 1471(d)).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 901(a)(2) (related to § 901(d)), 72 Stat. 784; July 10, 1962, Pub. L. 87–528, § 12, 76 Stat. 150; restated Oct. 24, 1978, Pub. L. 95–504, § 35(b), 92 Stat. 1740; Oct. 12, 1984, Pub. L. 98–473, § 2014(b), 98 Stat. 2189.  49 App.:1551(b)(1)(E).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 1601(b)(1)(E); added Oct. 4, 1984, Pub. L. 98–443, § 3(e), 98 Stat. 1704. 46303(c)49 App.:1471(d) (words before 3d comma). In subsection (a), the words “deadly or” and “which shall be recoverable in a civil action brought in the name of the United States” are omitted as surplus. In subsection (b)(1), the words “imposed under” are substituted for “provided for in” for consistency. In subsection (b)(2), the words “imposed or compromised” are substituted for “The amount of such penalty when finally determined or fixed by order of the Board, or the amount agreed upon in compromise” to eliminate unnecessary words. In subsection (c)(1), the words “State or political subdivision of a State” are substituted for “municipal or State government” for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The words “or required” are omitted as surplus.
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2004—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 108–458, § 4027(c)(1), substituted “Secretary of Homeland Security” for “Secretary of Transportation”. Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 108–458, § 4027(c)(2), substituted “Secretary of Homeland Security” for “Under Secretary of Transportation for Security”. 2001—Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 107–71 inserted “or the Under Secretary of Transportation for Security” after “Federal Aviation Administration”.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46304.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46304"
+description: "Liens on aircraft"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46304"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46304"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46304"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "e2146b53ae7b16dec3bc1ea833e3bf09291a67f95364efd9a5d568fe89bd1d70"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "45582a69524dbf1c676c6cf73d8b9b4271ab29a97edf79eaaf76172436d79151"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46304 - Liens on aircraft
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Aircraft Subject to Liens.— When an aircraft is involved in a violation referred to in section 46301(a)(1)(A)–(C) of this title and the violation is by the owner of, or individual commanding, the aircraft, the aircraft is subject to a lien for the civil penalty.
+
+(b) Seizure.— An aircraft subject to a lien under this section may be seized summarily and placed in the custody of a person authorized to take custody of it under regulations of the Secretary of Transportation (or the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration with respect to aviation safety duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration). A report on the seizure shall be submitted to the Attorney General. The Attorney General promptly shall bring a civil action in rem to enforce the lien or notify the Secretary or Administrator that the action will not be brought.
+
+(c) Release.— An aircraft seized under subsection (b) of this section shall be released from custody when—
+
+(1) the civil penalty is paid;
+
+(2) a compromise amount agreed on is paid;
+
+(3) the aircraft is seized under a civil action in rem to enforce the lien;
+
+(4) the Attorney General gives notice that a civil action will not be brought under subsection (b) of this section; or
+
+(5) a bond (in an amount and with a surety the Secretary or Administrator prescribes), conditioned on payment of the penalty or compromise, is deposited with the Secretary or Administrator.
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1235; Pub. L. 108–176, title V, § 503(d)(2), Dec. 12, 2003, 117 Stat. 2559; Pub. L. 115–254, div. K, title I, § 1991(g)(2), Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3644.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 46304(a)49 App.:1471(b).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, §§ 901(b), 903(b)(2), (3), 72 Stat. 784, 786. 46304(b)49 App.:1473(b)(2).  49 App.:1551(b)(1)(E).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 1601(b)(1)(E); added Oct. 4, 1984, Pub. L. 98–443, § 3(e), 98 Stat. 1704.  49 App.:1655(c)(1).Oct. 15, 1966, Pub. L. 89–670, § 6(c)(1), 80 Stat. 938; Jan. 12, 1983, Pub. L. 97–449, § 7(b), 96 Stat. 2444. 46304(c)49 App.:1473(b)(3).  49 App.:1551(b)(1)(E).  49 App.:1655(c)(1). In this section, the word “civil” is added before “penalty” for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. In subsections (b) and (c), the word “Administrator” in section 902(b)(2) and (3) of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (Public Law 85–726, 72 Stat. 786) is retained on authority of 49:106(g). The words “Attorney General” are substituted for “United States attorney for the judicial district in which the seizure is made” and “United States attorney” because of 28:503 and 509. In subsection (b), the words “report on the seizure” are substituted for “report of the cause” for clarity. The words “bring a civil action in rem” are substituted for “institute proceedings” for clarity and consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the Code and the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.). The words “that the action will not be brought” are substituted for “of his failure to so act” for clarity. In subsection (c)(3), the words “under a civil action in rem” are substituted for “in pursuance of process of any court in proceedings in rem” to eliminate unnecessary words and for consistency.
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2018—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–254 substituted “or the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration with respect to aviation safety duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration” for “or the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration with respect to aviation safety duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator”. 2003—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–176 struck out “, (2), or (3)” after “section 46301(a)(1)(A)–(C)”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2003 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 108–176 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 2003, except as otherwise specifically provided, see section 3 of Pub. L. 108–176, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46305.md

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46305"
+description: "Actions to recover civil penalties"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46305"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46305"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46305"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "171cd369d778ee52c4767b049aabd446831a1e11e23329232b8195ecf42d81ad"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "e49e4c022ffa7e858bab7cd020297d91ce7872db043374fd8a474314dda52e28"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46305 - Actions to recover civil penalties
+
+## Text
+
+A civil penalty under this chapter may be collected by bringing a civil action against the person subject to the penalty, a civil action in rem against an aircraft subject to a lien for a penalty, or both. The action shall conform as nearly as practicable to a civil action in admiralty, regardless of the place an aircraft in a civil action in rem is seized. However, a party may demand a jury trial of an issue of fact in an action involving a civil penalty under this chapter (except a penalty imposed by the Secretary of Transportation that formerly was imposed by the Civil Aeronautics Board) if the value of the matter in controversy is more than $20. Issues of fact tried by a jury may be reexamined only under common law rules.
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1235.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 4630549 App.:1473(b)(1).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 903(b)(1), 72 Stat. 786; Oct. 24, 1978, Pub. L. 95–504, § 36, 92 Stat. 1741.  49 App.:1473(b)(4).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 903(b)(4), 72 Stat. 787.  49 App.:1551(b)(1)(E).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 1601(b)(1)(E); added Oct. 4, 1984, Pub. L. 98–443, § 3(e), 98 Stat. 1704. The text of 49 App.:1473(b)(4) is omitted because of 28:ch. 131. The words “imposed or assessed” are omitted as surplus. The words “bringing a civil action” are substituted for “proceedings in personam”, the words “civil action in rem” are substituted for “proceedings in rem”, and the words “civil action” are substituted for “civil suits”, for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code and the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.). The words “regardless of the place an aircraft in a civil action in rem is seized” are substituted for 49 App.:1473(b)(1) (last sentence) to eliminate unnecessary words. The word “civil” is added after “involving a” for clarity. The words “(except a penalty imposed by the Secretary of Transportation that formerly was imposed by the Civil Aeronautics Board)” are substituted for “other than those assessed by the Board” because the Civil Aeronautics Board went out of existence and its duties and powers were transferred to the Secretary of Transportation.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46306.md

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46306"
+description: "Registration violations involving aircraft not providing air transportation"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46306"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46306"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46306"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "4b33c144bc2aef713ddeea0e4a2c017c37c1c2fdeb45cde206975051bc89d26e"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "75daedf783634ee51a2c9d5dfce9b98df01f4ad52a0aa8b0948ca5eea63d2174"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46306 - Registration violations involving aircraft not providing air transportation
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Application.— This section applies only to aircraft not used to provide air transportation.
+
+(b) General Criminal Penalty.— Except as provided by subsection (c) of this section, a person shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than 3 years, or both, if the person—
+
+(1) knowingly and willfully forges or alters a certificate authorized to be issued under this part;
+
+(2) knowingly sells, uses, attempts to use, or possesses with the intent to use, such a certificate;
+
+(3) knowingly and willfully displays or causes to be displayed on an aircraft a mark that is false or misleading about the nationality or registration of the aircraft;
+
+(4) obtains a certificate authorized to be issued under this part by knowingly and willfully falsifying or concealing a material fact, making a false, fictitious, or fraudulent statement, or making or using a false document knowing it contains a false, fictitious, or fraudulent statement or entry;
+
+(5) owns an aircraft eligible for registration under section 44102 of this title and knowingly and willfully operates, attempts to operate, or allows another person to operate the aircraft when—
+
+(A) the aircraft is not registered under section 44103 of this title or the certificate of registration is suspended or revoked; or
+
+(B) the owner knows or has reason to know that the other person does not have proper authorization to operate or navigate the aircraft without registration for a period of time after transfer of ownership;
+
+(6) knowingly and willfully operates or attempts to operate an aircraft eligible for registration under section 44102 of this title knowing that—
+
+(A) the aircraft is not registered under section 44103 of this title;
+
+(B) the certificate of registration is suspended or revoked; or
+
+(C) the person does not have proper authorization to operate or navigate the aircraft without registration for a period of time after transfer of ownership;
+
+(7) knowingly and willfully serves or attempts to serve in any capacity as an airman without an airman’s certificate authorizing the individual to serve in that capacity;
+
+(8) knowingly and willfully employs for service or uses in any capacity as an airman an individual who does not have an airman’s certificate authorizing the individual to serve in that capacity; or
+
+(9) operates an aircraft with a fuel tank or fuel system that has been installed or modified knowing that the tank, system, installation, or modification does not comply with regulations and requirements of the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration.
+
+(c) Controlled Substance Criminal Penalty.— (1) In this subsection, “controlled substance” has the same meaning given that term in section 102 of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 (21 U.S.C. 802).
+
+(2) A person violating subsection (b) of this section shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both, if the violation is related to transporting a controlled substance by aircraft or aiding or facilitating a controlled substance violation and the transporting, aiding, or facilitating—
+
+(A) is punishable by death or imprisonment of more than one year under a law of the United States or a State; or
+
+(B) that is provided is related to an act punishable by death or imprisonment for more than one year under a law of the United States or a State related to a controlled substance (except a law related to simple possession of a controlled substance).
+
+(3) A term of imprisonment imposed under paragraph (2) of this subsection shall be served in addition to, and not concurrently with, any other term of imprisonment imposed on the individual.
+
+(d) Seizure and Forfeiture.— (1) The Administrator of Drug Enforcement or the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection may seize and forfeit under the customs laws an aircraft whose use is related to a violation of subsection (b) of this section, or to aid or facilitate a violation, regardless of whether a person is charged with the violation.
+
+(2) An aircraft’s use is presumed to have been related to a violation of, or to aid or facilitate a violation of—
+
+(A) subsection (b)(1) of this section if the aircraft certificate of registration has been forged or altered;
+
+(B) subsection (b)(3) of this section if there is an external display of false or misleading registration numbers or country of registration;
+
+(C) subsection (b)(4) of this section if—
+
+(i) the aircraft is registered to a false or fictitious person; or
+
+(ii) the application form used to obtain the aircraft certificate of registration contains a material false statement;
+
+(D) subsection (b)(5) of this section if the aircraft was operated when it was not registered under section 44103 of this title; or
+
+(E) subsection (b)(9) of this section if the aircraft has a fuel tank or fuel system that was installed or altered—
+
+(i) in violation of a regulation or requirement of the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration; or
+
+(ii) if a certificate required to be issued for the installation or alteration is not carried on the aircraft.
+
+(3) The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration, the Administrator of Drug Enforcement, and the Commissioner shall agree to a memorandum of understanding to establish procedures to carry out this subsection.
+
+(e) Relationship to State Laws.— This part does not prevent a State from establishing a criminal penalty, including providing for forfeiture and seizure of aircraft, for a person that—
+
+(1) knowingly and willfully forges or alters an aircraft certificate of registration;
+
+(2) knowingly sells, uses, attempts to use, or possesses with the intent to use, a fraudulent aircraft certificate of registration;
+
+(3) knowingly and willfully displays or causes to be displayed on an aircraft a mark that is false or misleading about the nationality or registration of the aircraft; or
+
+(4) obtains an aircraft certificate of registration from the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration by—
+
+(A) knowingly and willfully falsifying or concealing a material fact;
+
+(B) making a false, fictitious, or fraudulent statement; or
+
+(C) making or using a false document knowing it contains a false, fictitious, or fraudulent statement or entry.
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1235; Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(78), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3397; Pub. L. 114–125, title VIII, § 802(d)(2), Feb. 24, 2016, 130 Stat. 210.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes Pub. L. 103–272 RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 46306(a)49 App.:1303 (note).Nov. 18, 1988, Pub. L. 100–690, § 7214, 102 Stat. 4434. 46306(b)49 App.:1472(b)(1), (2) (1st sentence cl. (A)).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 902(b)(1)–(4), 72 Stat. 784; Oct. 19, 1984, Pub. L. 98–499, § 6, 98 Stat. 2316; restated Nov. 18, 1988, Pub. L. 100–690, § 7209(a), 102 Stat. 4429. 46306(c)(1)49 App.:1472(b)(4). 46306(c)(2)49 App.:1472(b)(2) (1st sentence cl. (B)). 46306(c)(3)49 App.:1472(b)(2) (last sentence). 46306(d)49 App.:1472(b)(3). 46306(e)49 App.:1472(b)(5).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 902(b)(5); added Oct. 27, 1986, Pub. L. 99–570, § 3401(a)(1), 100 Stat. 3207–99; Nov. 18, 1988, Pub. L. 100–690, § 7209(a), (b)(1), 102 Stat. 4429, 4432. In subsections (b)(9), (d), and (e), the word “Administrator” in section 902(b) of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (Public Law 85–726, 72 Stat. 784) is retained on authority of 49:106(g). In subsection (b), before clause (1), the words “Except as provided by subsection (c) of this section” are added for clarity. The words “It shall be unlawful for any person” and “upon conviction” are omitted as surplus. The words “fined under title 18” are substituted for “a fine of not more than $15,000” for consistency with title 18. In clause (1), the words “counterfeit” and “falsely make” are omitted as surplus. In clause (4), the words “covering up”, “representation”, and “writing” are omitted as surplus. In clause (7), the word “valid” is omitted as surplus. In subsection (c)(2), before clause (A), the words “fined under title 18” are substituted for “a fine of not more than $25,000” for consistency with title 18. In subsection (d)(1) and (3), the words “Administrator of Drug Enforcement” are substituted for “Drug Enforcement Administration of the Department of Justice” and “Drug Enforcement Administration” because of section 5(a) of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1973 (eff. July 1, 1973, 87 Stat. 1092). The words “Commissioner of Customs” and “Commissioner” are substituted for “United States Customs Service” because of 19:2071. In subsection (d)(2)(A), the words “aircraft certificate of registration” are substituted for “registration” for consistency in this section. The words “counterfeited” and “falsely made” are omitted as surplus. In subsections (d)(2)(C)(ii) and (e), the words “aircraft certificate of registration” are substituted for “aircraft registration certificate” for consistency with 49 App.:1401, restated in chapter 441 of the revised title. In subsection (e), before clause (1), the words “this subsection or in any other provision of” are omitted as surplus. In clause (1), the words “counterfeits” and “falsely makes” are omitted as surplus. In clause (4)(A), the words “covering up” are omitted as surplus. In clause (4)(B), the words “or representation” are omitted as surplus. In clause (4)(C), the words “writing or” are omitted as surplus.
+
+Pub. L. 104–287This makes a clarifying amendment to 49:46306(c)(2)(B).
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1996—Subsec. (c)(2)(B). Pub. L. 104–287 inserted “that is” before “provided”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Change of Name “Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection” substituted for “Commissioner of Customs” in subsec. (d)(1) on authority of section 802(d)(2) of Pub. L. 114–125, set out as a note under section 211 of Title 6, Domestic Security.
+
+Effective Date of 1996 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 104–287 effective July 5, 1994, see section 8(1) of Pub. L. 104–287, set out as a note under section 5303 of this title.
+
+Transfer of Functions For transfer of functions, personnel, assets, and liabilities of the United States Customs Service of the Department of the Treasury, including functions of the Secretary of the Treasury relating thereto, to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 203(1), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6. For establishment of U.S. Customs and Border Protection in the Department of Homeland Security, treated as if included in Pub. L. 107–296 as of Nov. 25, 2002, see section 211 of Title 6, as amended generally by Pub. L. 114–125, and section 802(b) of Pub. L. 114–125, set out as a note under section 211 of Title 6.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46307.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46307"
+description: "Violation of national defense airspace"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46307"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46307"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46307"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "26cf7cc24d1846423cfc11a27961419451c9eee6f23a9907458dc6855663b044"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "095ccef42cfbc6abc5bf946199adac55572cefc4cc8d1a786529d7b66f3f4523"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46307 - Violation of national defense airspace
+
+## Text
+
+A person that knowingly or willfully violates section 40103(b)(3) of this title or a regulation prescribed or order issued under section 40103(b)(3) shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than one year, or both. If a person is convicted of a second or subsequent offense under this section, the punishment shall be imprisonment for not more than 5 years, a fine under title 18, or both.
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1237; Pub. L. 119–60, div. H, title LXXXVI, § 8605(b), Dec. 18, 2025, 139 Stat. 1943.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 4630749 App.:1523.Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 1203, 72 Stat. 800. The words “In addition to the penalties otherwise provided for by this chapter” are omitted as surplus. The word “prescribed” is added for consistency in the revised title. The words “fined under title 18” are substituted for “a fine of not exceeding $10,000”, and the words “shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor” are omitted, for consistency with title 18. The words “and upon conviction thereof” and “such fine and imprisonment” are omitted as surplus.
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2025—Pub. L. 119–60 inserted at end “If a person is convicted of a second or subsequent offense under this section, the punishment shall be imprisonment for not more than 5 years, a fine under title 18, or both.”

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46308.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46308"
+description: "Interference with air navigation"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46308"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46308"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46308"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "89513eec8888cf02055c1541394846613c2678dc79ccc7817a7c5534630185dd"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "6249af35e4f7e306d6e98ac3f52b854f2c4f779a3d4fa4094c49aa03b94c39ab"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46308 - Interference with air navigation
+
+## Text
+
+A person shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both, if the person—
+
+(1) with intent to interfere with air navigation in the United States, exhibits in the United States a light or signal at a place or in a way likely to be mistaken for a true light or signal established under this part or for a true light or signal used at an air navigation facility;
+
+(2) after a warning from the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration, continues to maintain a misleading light or signal; or
+
+(3) knowingly interferes with the operation of a true light or signal.
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1238.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 4630849 App.:1472(c).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 902(c), 72 Stat. 784.  49 App.:1655(c)(1).Oct. 15, 1966, Pub. L. 89–670, § 6(c)(1), 80 Stat. 938; Jan. 12, 1983, Pub. L. 97–449, § 7(b), 96 Stat. 2444. In this section, before clause (1), the words “fined under title 18” are substituted for “a fine of not exceeding $5,000” for consistency with title 18. The words “such fine and imprisonment” are omitted as surplus. In clause (1), the words “used at” are substituted for “in connection with” for clarity. The words “airport or other” are omitted as being included in the definition of “air navigation facility” in section 40102(a) of the revised title. In clause (2), the word “due” is omitted as surplus. The word “Administrator” in section 902(c) of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (Public Law 85–726, 72 Stat. 784) is retained on authority of 49:106(g). In clause (3), the words “removes, extinguishes, or” are omitted as surplus.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46309.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46309"
+description: "Concession and price violations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46309"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46309"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46309"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "8c34a118bb5df810fb9334a4a10f3ed8c9717fbbe34e62f6ae0670020c8734ef"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "817d4b5331a1dd0c06e9b7f8ece5ee3fc380c3cdea103a0175f75c3618d5a215"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46309 - Concession and price violations
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Criminal Penalty for Offering, Granting, Giving, or Helping To Obtain Concessions and Lower Prices.— An air carrier, foreign air carrier, ticket agent, or officer, agent, or employee of an air carrier, foreign air carrier, or ticket agent shall be fined under title 18 if the air carrier, foreign air carrier, ticket agent, officer, agent, or employee—
+
+(1) knowingly and willfully offers, grants, or gives, or causes to be offered, granted, or given, a rebate or other concession in violation of this part; or
+
+(2) by any means knowingly and willfully assists, or willingly allows, a person to obtain transportation or services subject to this part at less than the price lawfully in effect.
+
+(b) Criminal Penalty for Receiving Rebates, Privileges, and Facilities.— A person shall be fined under title 18 if the person by any means—
+
+(1) knowingly and willfully solicits, accepts, or receives a rebate of a part of a price lawfully in effect for the foreign air transportation of property, or a service related to the foreign air transportation; or
+
+(2) knowingly solicits, accepts, or receives a privilege or facility related to a matter the Secretary of Transportation requires be specified in a currently effective tariff applicable to the foreign air transportation of property.
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1238.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 46309(a)49 App.:1472(d)(1).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 902(d)(1), 72 Stat. 785; Jan. 3, 1975, Pub L. 93–623, § 8(b), 88 Stat. 2105. 46309(b)49 App.:1472(d)(2).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 902(d)(2); added Jan. 3, 1975, Pub. L. 93–623, § 8(b), 88 Stat. 2106.  49 App.:1551(b)(1)(E).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 1601(b)(1)(E); added Oct. 4, 1984, Pub. L. 98–443, § 3(e), 98 Stat. 1704. In this section, the words “fined under title 18” are substituted for “a fine of not less than $100 and not more than $5,000” and “fined not less than $100, nor more than $5,000” for consistency with title 18. The words “for each offense” are omitted as surplus. The words “fares, or charges” are omitted as surplus because of the definition of “rate” in section 40102(a) of the revised title. In subsection (a), before clause (1), the word “representative” is omitted as surplus. The words “shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor” are omitted as superseded by 18:3559. The words “and, upon conviction thereof” are omitted as surplus. In clause (2), the words “device or” and “suffer or” are omitted as surplus. In subsection (b), before clause (1), the words “by any means” are substituted for “in any manner or by any device” for consistency in this section and to eliminate unnecessary words. In clauses (1) and (2), the word “foreign” is added for clarity because only foreign air transportation has regulated prices. In clause (1), the word “rebate” is substituted for “refund or remittance” for consistency in this section. In clause (2), the word “favor” is omitted as being included in “privilege”.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46310.md

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46310"
+description: "Reporting and recordkeeping violations"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46310"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46310"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46310"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "5b64e4addb9be9b242b119e4fe4851bc050787db527da356ebc2acc123c0ab85"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "000250ee70ca77c96c7d9cdd0d8cd4cedc358bfd4ca3a0a427e8727da9aad194"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46310 - Reporting and recordkeeping violations
+
+## Text
+
+(a) General Criminal Penalty.— An air carrier or an officer, agent, or employee of an air carrier shall be fined under title 18 for intentionally—
+
+(1) failing to make a report or keep a record under this part;
+
+(2) falsifying, mutilating, or altering a report or record under this part; or
+
+(3) filing a false report or record under this part.
+
+(b) Safety Regulation Criminal Penalty.— An air carrier or an officer, agent, or employee of an air carrier shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both, for intentionally falsifying or concealing a material fact, or inducing reliance on a false statement of material fact, in a report or record under section 44701(a) or (b) or any of sections 44702–44716 of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1238; Pub. L. 103–429, § 6(56), Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4385.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes Pub. L. 103–272 RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 4631049 App.:1472(e).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 902(e), 72 Stat. 785; restated Sept. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–121, 101 Stat. 792. In this section, the word “representative” is omitted as surplus. The words “account” and “memorandum” are omitted as being included in “record”. In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words “fined under title 18” are substituted for “fined not more than $5,000 in the case of an individual and not more than $10,000 in the case of a person other than an individual” for consistency in this section and with title 18. In subsection (b), the words “or representation” are omitted a surplus.
+
+Pub. L. 103–429This amends 49:44711(a)(2)(B), (5), and (7) and 46310(b) to correct erroneous cross-references.
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments1994—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–429 inserted “any of sections” before “44702–44716”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1994 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 103–429 effective July 5, 1994, see section 9 of Pub. L. 103–429, set out as a note under section 321 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46311.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46311"
+description: "Unlawful disclosure of information"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46311"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46311"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46311"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "f10be6288e62bbe5c7efdc57bb74fe944c2281b22535c751fbfa35ab856e0cbc"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "227e298fe8be290e646c6652ab3e9fdb1d1b319e6506efb366bb906179dfc53c"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46311 - Unlawful disclosure of information
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Criminal Penalty.— The Secretary of Transportation, the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration with respect to security duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration, or the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration with respect to aviation safety duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration, or an officer or employee of the Secretary, Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration, or Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than 2 years, or both, if the Secretary, Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration, Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration, officer, or employee knowingly and willfully discloses information that—
+
+(1) the Secretary, Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration, Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration, officer, or employee acquires when inspecting the records of an air carrier; or
+
+(2) is withheld from public disclosure under section 40115 of this title.
+
+(b) Nonapplication.— Subsection (a) of this section does not apply if—
+
+(1) the officer or employee is directed by the Secretary, Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration, or Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to disclose information that the Secretary, Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration, or Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration had ordered withheld; or
+
+(2) the Secretary, Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration, Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration, officer, or employee is directed by a court of competent jurisdiction to disclose the information.
+
+(c) Withholding Information From Congress.— This section does not authorize the Secretary, Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration, or Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to withhold information from a committee of Congress authorized to have the information.
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1239; Pub. L. 107–71, title I, § 140(d)(6), Nov. 19, 2001, 115 Stat. 642; Pub. L. 115–254, div. K, title I, § 1991(g)(3), Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3644.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 46311(a), (b)49 App.:1472(f) (words before proviso).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 902(f), 72 Stat. 785.  49 App.:1551(b)(1)(E).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 1601(b)(1)(E); added Oct. 4, 1984, Pub. L. 98–443, § 3(e), 98 Stat. 1704.  49 App.:1655(c)(1).Oct. 15, 1966, Pub. L. 89–670, § 6(c)(1), 80 Stat. 938; Jan. 12, 1983, Pub. L. 97–449, § 7(b), 96 Stat. 2444. 46311(c)49 App.:1472(f) (proviso).  49 App.:1551(b)(1)(E).  49 App.:1655(c)(1). In this section, the word “Administrator” in section 902(f) of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (Public Law 85–726, 72 Stat. 785) is retained on authority of 49:106(g). In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words “fined under title 18” are substituted for “a fine of not more than $5,000” for consistency with title 18. The words “upon conviction thereof be subject for each offense” are omitted as surplus. The words “any fact or” are omitted as being included in “information”. In clause (1), the words “the Secretary, Administrator, officer, or employee acquires” are substituted for “may come to his knowledge” for clarity and consistency. In subsection (b)(2), the words “or a judge thereof” are omitted as surplus. In subsection (c), the word “duly” is omitted as surplus.
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2018—Pub. L. 115–254, § 1991(g)(3)(C), substituted “Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration” for “Under Secretary” wherever appearing. Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–254, § 1991(g)(3)(A)(i), in introductory provisions, substituted “Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration with respect to security duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration, or the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration with respect to aviation safety duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration” for “Under Secretary of Transportation for Security with respect to security duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Under Secretary, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration with respect to aviation safety duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator”, “Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall” for “Administrator shall”, and “Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration,” for “Administrator,”. Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 115–254, § 1991(g)(3)(A)(ii), substituted “Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration” for “Administrator”. Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 115–254, § 1991(g)(3)(B), substituted “Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration” for “Administrator” wherever appearing. 2001—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–71, § 140(d)(6), in introductory provisions, inserted “the Under Secretary of Transportation for Security with respect to security duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Under Secretary,” after “Transportation,” and “Under Secretary,” after “Secretary,” and substituted “, Under Secretary, or Administrator” for “or Administrator”. Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 107–71, § 140(d)(6)(B) inserted “Under Secretary,” after “Secretary,”. Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 107–71, § 140(d)(6)(C), substituted “, Under Secretary, or Administrator” for “or Administrator” in two places. Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 107–71, § 140(d)(6)(B) inserted “Under Secretary,” after “Secretary,”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–71, § 140(d)(6)(C), substituted “, Under Secretary, or Administrator” for “or Administrator”.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46312.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46312"
+description: "Transporting hazardous material"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46312"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46312"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46312"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "dbb681c753bb4e8cccf828040c7641701e47044ce1418dc1011c1e3d69e11a2d"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "46470ccb0146dd306cbd4f4cbca47841d71897e5a8901b98933d174a483e3976"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46312 - Transporting hazardous material
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In General.— A person shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both, if the person, in violation of a regulation or requirement related to the transportation of hazardous material prescribed by the Secretary of Transportation under this part or chapter 51—
+
+(1) willfully delivers, or causes to be delivered, property containing hazardous material to an air carrier or to an operator of a civil aircraft for transportation in air commerce; or
+
+(2) recklessly causes the transportation in air commerce of the property.
+
+(b) Knowledge of Regulations.— For purposes of subsection (a), knowledge by the person of the existence of a regulation or requirement related to the transportation of hazardous material prescribed by the Secretary under this part or chapter 51 is not an element of an offense under this section but shall be considered in mitigation of the penalty.
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1239; Pub. L. 106–181, title V, § 507, Apr. 5, 2000, 114 Stat. 140; Pub. L. 109–59, title VII, § 7128(a), Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1909.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 4631249 App.:1472(h)(2).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 902(h)(2), 72 Stat. 785; restated Jan. 3, 1975, Pub. L. 93–633, § 113(c), 88 Stat. 2162. In this section, before clause (1), the words “is guilty of an offense”, “Upon conviction”, and “for each offense” are omitted as surplus. The words “fined under title 18” are substituted for “a fine of not more than $25,000” for consistency with title 18. The word “prescribed” is substituted for “issued” for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. In clause (1), the words “shipment, baggage, or other” are omitted as surplus.
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2005—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–59, § 7128(a)(1), substituted “this part or chapter 51—” for “this part—” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–59, § 7128(a)(2), inserted “or chapter 51” after “under this part”. 2000—Pub. L. 106–181 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, and added subsec. (b).
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 2000 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 106–181 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 1999, see section 3 of Pub. L. 106–181, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46313.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46313"
+description: "Refusing to appear or produce records"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46313"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46313"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46313"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "1bbfc8d4f41d0f5f9cb9cb9b5ca780083fa17b8a76d9d9e9d338be790e4604dd"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "e4ec7645b7cb06699f01c9d2fde592ae48497fac41326721b5678d233d6234c7"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46313 - Refusing to appear or produce records
+
+## Text
+
+A person not obeying a subpoena or requirement of the Secretary of Transportation (or the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration with respect to security duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration or the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration with respect to aviation safety duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration) to appear and testify or produce records shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than one year, or both.
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1239; Pub. L. 107–71, title I, § 140(d)(7), Nov. 19, 2001, 115 Stat. 642; Pub. L. 115–254, div. K, title I, § 1991(g)(4), Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3644.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 4631349 App.:1472(g).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 902(g), 72 Stat. 785.  49 App.:1551(b)(1)(E).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 1601(b)(1)(E); added Oct. 4, 1984, Pub. L. 98–443, § 3(e), 98 Stat. 1704.  49 App.:1655(c)(1).Oct. 15, 1966, Pub. L. 89–670, § 6(c)(1), 80 Stat. 938; Jan. 12, 1983, Pub. L. 97–449, § 7(b), 96 Stat. 2444. The word “Administrator” in section 902(g) of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (Public Law 85–726, 72 Stat. 785) is retained on authority of 49:106(g). The words “not obeying” are substituted for “who shall neglect or refuse . . . or to answer any lawful inquiry . . . in obedience to” to eliminate surplus words. The word “lawful” is omitted as surplus. The word “appear” is substituted for “attend” for clarity. The word “records” is substituted for “books, papers, or documents” for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The words “if in his power to do so” are omitted as surplus. The words “shall be guilty of a misdemeanor” are omitted for consistency with title 18. The words “and, upon conviction thereof” are omitted as surplus. The words “fined under title 18” are substituted for “a fine of not less than $100 nor more than $5,000” for consistency with title 18.
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2018—Pub. L. 115–254 substituted “subpoena” for “subpena” and “Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration with respect to security duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration or the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration with respect to aviation safety duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration” for “Under Secretary of Transportation for Security with respect to security duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Under Secretary or the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration with respect to aviation safety duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator”. 2001—Pub. L. 107–71 inserted “the Under Secretary of Transportation for Security with respect to security duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Under Secretary or” after “(or”.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46314.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46314"
+description: "Entering aircraft or airport area in violation of security requirements"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46314"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46314"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46314"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "cb76ea7c0da210f756e3b7fd89dd74e094856835cc2bde3d90078c67de4cbd33"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "9a85a2d273e382ec16a5e5375a9881093f0f408b80dbdf0669aaa1707971a6df"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46314 - Entering aircraft or airport area in violation of security requirements
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Prohibition.— A person may not knowingly and willfully enter, in violation of security requirements prescribed under section 44901, 44903(b) or (c), or 44906 of this title, an aircraft or an airport area that serves an air carrier or foreign air carrier.
+
+(b) Criminal Penalty.— (1) A person violating subsection (a) of this section shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than one year, or both.
+
+(2) A person violating subsection (a) of this section with intent to evade security procedures or restrictions or with intent to commit, in the aircraft or airport area, a felony under a law of the United States or a State shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than 10 years, or both.
+
+(c) Notice of Penalties.— (1) In general.— Each operator of an airport in the United States that is required to establish an air transportation security program pursuant to section 44903(c) shall ensure that signs that meet such requirements as the Secretary of Homeland Security may prescribe providing notice of the penalties imposed under section 46301(a)(5)(A)(i) and subsection (b) of this section are displayed near all screening locations, all locations where passengers exit the sterile area, and such other locations at the airport as the Secretary of Homeland Security determines appropriate.
+
+(2) Effect of signs on penalties.— An individual shall be subject to a penalty imposed under section 46301(a)(5)(A)(i) or subsection (b) of this section without regard to whether signs are displayed at an airport as required by paragraph (1).
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1239; Pub. L. 112–74, div. D, title V, § 564(b), (c), Dec. 23, 2011, 125 Stat. 981.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 4631449 App.:1472(r).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 902(r); added Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, § 204(f)(2), 101 Stat. 1520. In subsection (b), the words “fined under title 18” are substituted for “a fine not to exceed $1,000” and “a fine not to exceed $10,000” for consistency with title 18. In subsection (b)(1), the words “Upon conviction” are omitted as surplus. In subsection (b)(2), the words “airport area” are substituted for “secured area” for consistency in this section.
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2011—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 112–74, § 564(b), inserted “with intent to evade security procedures or restrictions or” after “of this section”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 112–74, § 564(c), added subsec. (c).

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46315.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46315"
+description: "Lighting violations involving transporting controlled substances by aircraft not providing air transportation"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46315"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46315"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46315"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "936664537e4f95246a6a961e5a381fe1ccbb6a95ec5440032deabd3a116d3f0a"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "272edac22bdbde9c4a00e305de245d2613c40c88ed05a3251360877533e66929"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46315 - Lighting violations involving transporting controlled substances by aircraft not providing air transportation
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Application.— This section applies only to aircraft not used to provide air transportation.
+
+(b) Criminal Penalty.— A person shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both, if—
+
+(1) the person knowingly and willfully operates an aircraft in violation of a regulation or requirement of the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration related to the display of navigation or anticollision lights;
+
+(2) the person is knowingly transporting a controlled substance by aircraft or aiding or facilitating a controlled substance offense; and
+
+(3) the transporting, aiding, or facilitating—
+
+(A) is punishable by death or imprisonment for more than one year under a law of the United States or a State; or
+
+(B) is provided in connection with an act punishable by death or imprisonment for more than one year under a law of the United States or a State related to a controlled substance (except a law related to simple possession of a controlled substance).
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1240.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 46315(a)49 App.:1303 (note).Nov. 18, 1988, Pub. L. 100–690, § 7214, 102 Stat. 4434. 46315(b)49 App.:1472(q).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 902(q); added Oct. 19, 1984, Pub. L. 98–499, § 5(a), 98 Stat. 2315; restated Oct. 27, 1986, Pub. L. 99–570, § 3401(b)(1), 100 Stat. 3207–100; Nov. 18, 1988, Pub. L. 100–690, § 7209(c)(1), (2)(A), 102 Stat. 4432. In subsection (b), before clause (1), the words “fined under title 18” are substituted for “a fine not exceeding $25,000” for consistency with title 18. In clause (2), the word “knowingly” is substituted for “and with knowledge of such act” to eliminate unnecessary words.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46316.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46316"
+description: "General criminal penalty when specific penalty not provided"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46316"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46316"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46316"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "91ec854f351e62ba2effa3a5fd100b79114e9fb114fd4a5b10b243372331f9cd"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "2adf785e85bb04921e49a7e169aff39e66749a48f5e1c6e9144039ff6c44c19a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46316 - General criminal penalty when specific penalty not provided
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Criminal Penalty.— Except as provided by subsection (b) of this section, when another criminal penalty is not provided under this chapter, a person that knowingly and willfully violates this part, a regulation prescribed or order issued by the Secretary of Transportation (or the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration with respect to security duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration or the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration with respect to aviation safety duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration) under this part, or any term of a certificate or permit issued under section 41102, 41103, or 41302 of this title shall be fined under title 18. A separate violation occurs for each day the violation continues.
+
+(b) Nonapplication.— Subsection (a) of this section does not apply to chapter 401 (except sections 40103(a) and (d), 40105, 40116, and 40117), chapter 441 (except section 44109), chapter 445, chapter 447 (except section 44718(a)), and chapter 449 (except sections 44902, 44903(d), 44904, and 44907–44909) of this title.
+
+(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1240; Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(79), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3397; Pub. L. 105–102, § 3(d)(1)(D), Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat. 2215; Pub. L. 107–71, title I, § 140(d)(7), Nov. 19, 2001, 115 Stat. 642; Pub. L. 115–254, div. K, title I, § 1991(g)(5), Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3645.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Historical and Revision Notes Pub. L. 103–272 RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 4631649 App.:1472(a).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 902(a), 72 Stat. 784; restated July 10, 1962, Pub. L. 87–528, § 13, 76 Stat. 150.  49 App.:1551(b)(1)(E).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 1601(b)(1)(E); added Oct. 4, 1984, Pub. L. 98–443, § 3(e), 98 Stat. 1704.  49 App.:1655(c)(1).Oct. 15, 1966, Pub. L. 89–670, § 6(c)(1), 80 Stat. 938; Jan. 12, 1983, Pub. L. 97–449, § 7(b), 96 Stat. 2444. In subsection (a), the word “prescribed” is added for consistency in the revised title. The words “condition, or limitation of” are omitted as surplus. The word “Administrator” in section 902(a) of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (Public Law 85–726, 72 Stat. 784) is retained on authority of 49:106(g). The words “or in section 1474 of this Appendix” are omitted as surplus because 49 App.:1474 is not included in the revised title. The words “shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor” are omitted for consistency with title 18. The words “and upon conviction thereof” are omitted as surplus. The words “shall be fined under title 18” are substituted for “shall be subject for the first offense to a fine of not more than $500, and for any subsequent offense to a fine of not more than $2,000” for consistency with title 18. In subsection (b), reference to 49 App.:ch. 20, subch. VII is omitted as unnecessary because subchapter VII is not restated in this part.
+
+Pub. L. 104–287This amends 49:46316(b) to make it easier to include future sections in the cross-reference by restating it in terms of chapters.
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–254 substituted “Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration with respect to security duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration or the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration with respect to aviation safety duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration” for “Under Secretary of Transportation for Security with respect to security duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Under Secretary or the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration with respect to aviation safety duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator”. 2001—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–71 inserted “the Under Secretary of Transportation for Security with respect to security duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Under Secretary or” after “(or”. 1997—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–102 amended directory language of Pub. L. 104–287. See 1996 Amendment note below. 1996—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–287, as amended by Pub. L. 105–102, substituted “chapter 447 (except section 44718(a)), and chapter 449 (except sections 44902, 44903(d), 44904, and 44907–44909)” for “and sections 44701(a) and (b), 44702–44716, 44901, 44903(b) and (c), 44905, 44906, 44912–44915, and 44932–44938”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective Date of 1997 AmendmentPub. L. 105–102, § 3(d), Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat. 2215, provided that the amendment made by section 3(d)(1)(D) is effective Oct. 11, 1996. Amendment by Pub. L. 105–102 effective as if included in the provisions of the Act to which the amendment relates, see section 3(f) of Pub. L. 105–102, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.
+
+Effective Date of 1996 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 104–287 effective July 5, 1994, see section 8(1) of Pub. L. 104–287, set out as a note under section 5303 of this title.
+
+Transfer of Functions For transfer of functions, personnel, assets, and liabilities of the Transportation Security Administration of the Department of Transportation, including the functions of the Secretary of Transportation, and of the Under Secretary of Transportation for Security, relating thereto, to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 203(2), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46317.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46317"
+description: "Criminal penalty for pilots operating in air transportation without an airman’s certificate"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46317"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46317"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46317"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "a4c26a19f8506e7b64e6f5fffbe67aeb4ff5f479c6ba0dcea1f3b9bce654d88d"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "3293efad6c7dd78128d08fea22041484241e350eff3b16eecb1b8ec713f58e15"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46317 - Criminal penalty for pilots operating in air transportation without an airman’s certificate
+
+## Text
+
+(a) General Criminal Penalty.— An individual shall be fined under title 18 or imprisoned for not more than 3 years, or both, if that individual—
+
+(1) knowingly and willfully serves or attempts to serve in any capacity as an airman operating an aircraft in air transportation without an airman’s certificate authorizing the individual to serve in that capacity; or
+
+(2) knowingly and willfully employs for service or uses in any capacity as an airman to operate an aircraft in air transportation an individual who does not have an airman’s certificate authorizing the individual to serve in that capacity.
+
+(b) Controlled Substance Criminal Penalty.— (1) Controlled substances defined.— In this subsection, the term “controlled substance” has the meaning given that term in section 102 of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 (21 U.S.C. 802).
+
+(2) Criminal penalty.— An individual violating subsection (a) shall be fined under title 18 or imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both, if the violation is related to transporting a controlled substance by aircraft or aiding or facilitating a controlled substance violation and that transporting, aiding, or facilitating—
+
+(A) is punishable by death or imprisonment of more than 1 year under a Federal or State law; or
+
+(B) is related to an act punishable by death or imprisonment for more than 1 year under a Federal or State law related to a controlled substance (except a law related to simple possession (as that term is used in section 46306(c)) of a controlled substance).
+
+(3) Terms of imprisonment.— A term of imprisonment imposed under paragraph (2) shall be served in addition to, and not concurrently with, any other term of imprisonment imposed on the individual subject to the imprisonment.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 106–181, title V, § 509(a), Apr. 5, 2000, 114 Stat. 141.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 1999, see section 3 of Pub. L. 106–181, set out as an Effective Date of 2000 Amendments note under section 106 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46318.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46318"
+description: "Interference with cabin or flight crew"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46318"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46318"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46318"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "c293d98543d342589926acb5a52bbcd8da4a650296ca8c2160ab399c7c147250"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "42274b1c87afd82d00bbb127cf5025dfdde01a071c2fc0b84ab2d9c7901f3eb4"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46318 - Interference with cabin or flight crew
+
+## Text
+
+(a) General Rule.— An individual who physically or sexually assaults or threatens to physically or sexually assault a member of the flight crew or cabin crew of a civil aircraft or any other individual on the aircraft, or takes any action that poses an imminent threat to the safety of the aircraft or other individuals on the aircraft is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $35,000.
+
+(b) Compromise and Setoff.— (1) Compromise.— The Secretary may compromise the amount of a civil penalty imposed under this section.
+
+(2) Setoff.— The United States Government may deduct the amount of a civil penalty imposed or compromised under this section from amounts the Government owes the person liable for the penalty.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 106–181, title V, § 511(a), Apr. 5, 2000, 114 Stat. 142; amended Pub. L. 115–254, div. B, title III, § 339(a), Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3282.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Editorial Notes
+
+Amendments2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–254 inserted “or sexually” after “physically” in two places and substituted “$35,000” for “$25,000”.
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 1999, see section 3 of Pub. L. 106–181, set out as an Effective Date of 2000 Amendments note under section 106 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46319.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46319"
+description: "Permanent closure of an airport without providing sufficient notice"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46319"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46319"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46319"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "c871842a3a1d9c9b4a954401450823a3d893fa9a502584244474e1b4b4057ed2"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "670ff62f39ad746003837a0c90e7c7219b76686abf16c7f12d55cc0eb777402a"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46319 - Permanent closure of an airport without providing sufficient notice
+
+## Text
+
+(a) Prohibition.— A public agency (as defined in section 47102) may not permanently close an airport listed in the national plan of integrated airport systems under section 47103 without providing written notice to the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration at least 30 days before the date of the closure.
+
+(b) Publication of Notice.— The Administrator shall publish each notice received under subsection (a) in the Federal Register.
+
+(c) Civil Penalty.— A public agency violating subsection (a) shall be liable for a civil penalty of $10,000 for each day that the airport remains closed without having given the notice required by this section.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 108–176, title I, § 185(a), Dec. 12, 2003, 117 Stat. 2517.)
+
+## Notes
+
+Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
+
+Effective DateSection applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 2003, except as otherwise specifically provided, see section 3 of Pub. L. 108–176, set out as an Effective Date of 2003 Amendment note under section 106 of this title.

legal/us/code/title-49/chapter-463/section-46320.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+type: "LegalText"
+title: "49 U.S.C. § 46320"
+description: "Interference with wildfire suppression, law enforcement, or emergency response effort by operation of unmanned aircraft"
+jurisdiction: "us"
+corpus: "united_states_code"
+kind: "code_section"
+title_number: 49
+title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
+chapter_number: "463"
+chapter_name: "PENALTIES"
+section: "46320"
+citation: "49 U.S.C. § 46320"
+status: "current"
+release_point: "119-100"
+release_date: "2026-06-26"
+source: "official"
+source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc49@119-100.zip"
+source_identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s46320"
+source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-49/usc49.xml"
+source_hash: "eb56c5b2ec8e3e6929b4ff242488fe554b085ca83d4dd02fda69baaa79fc3b14"
+raw_snapshot_hash: "0786acdd244d8f42c5a8e8ed1ec2a8dcb47dd0e02a286752710a20745702a4fb"
+text_hash: "e307ba462901b09c15fda4f1814c7f4cc13c4c4f09131345ccf05a4c9df7487f"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
+confidence: "official"
+tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
+---
+
+# 49 U.S.C. § 46320 - Interference with wildfire suppression, law enforcement, or emergency response effort by operation of unmanned aircraft
+
+## Text
+
+(a) In General.— Except as provided in subsection (b), an individual who operates an unmanned aircraft and in so doing knowingly or recklessly interferes with a wildfire suppression, law enforcement, or emergency response effort is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $20,000.
+
+(b) Exceptions.— This section does not apply to the operation of an unmanned aircraft conducted by a unit or agency of the United States Government or of a State, tribal, or local government (including any individual conducting such operation pursuant to a contract or other agreement entered into with the unit or agency) for the purpose of protecting the public safety and welfare, including firefighting, law enforcement, or emergency response.
+
+(c) Compromise and Setoff.— (1) Compromise.— The United States Government may compromise the amount of a civil penalty imposed under this section.
+
+(2) Setoff.— The United States Government may deduct the amount of a civil penalty imposed or compromised under this section from the amounts the Government owes the person liable for the penalty.
+
+(d) Definitions.— In this section, the following definitions apply:
+
+(1) Wildfire.— The term “wildfire” has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Emergency Wildfire Suppression Act (42 U.S.C. 1856m).
+
+(2) Wildfire suppression.— The term “wildfire suppression” means an effort to contain, extinguish, or suppress a wildfire.
+
+(Added Pub. L. 114–190, title II, § 2205(a), July 15, 2016, 130 Stat. 630.)