Legislation: batch D — NY OH OK OR PA RI SC SD TX UT

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

legislation/us/states/ny/2023-2024/a-8491.md

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+---
+type: "Bill"
+title: "Requires certain trains and locomotives to have a crew size of not less than two persons"
+description: "Provides that no person operating or controlling any Class I railroad or Class II railroad shall allow the operation of any railroad train or locomotive for the movement of hazardous materials unless such railroad train or locomotive has a crew of not less than two individuals."
+jurisdiction: "us/states/ny"
+legislature: "New York Legislature"
+session: "2023-2024"
+identifier: "A 8491"
+citation: "New York A 8491 (2023-2024)"
+classification: ["bill"]
+subjects: []
+status: "enacted"
+primary_sponsors: ["William Magnarelli"]
+version_count: 1
+action_count: 13
+vote_count: 2
+first_action: "2024-01-04"
+last_action: "2024-02-13"
+source: "openstates"
+source_identifier: "ocd-bill/03c81a4c-4f06-48ba-81c9-49fcbc132765"
+source_url: "http://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2023/A8491"
+source_hash: "f9b55e7822ba3a5c56701b3a8cd79da846cfbb4f9c27df2883765d3798a7bb15"
+vintage: "2026-07-01"
+source_snapshot: "https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-06"
+confidence: "reported"
+tags: ["legislation", "bill", "us-ny"]
+---
+
+# New York A 8491 (2023-2024) — Requires certain trains and locomotives to have a crew size of not less than two persons
+
+Provides that no person operating or controlling any Class I railroad or Class II railroad shall allow the operation of any railroad train or locomotive for the movement of hazardous materials unless such railroad train or locomotive has a crew of not less than two individuals.
+
+## Version chain
+
+The bill's text revisions, in order — the diff chain from filing to enrollment.
+
+1. **A8491** (committee substitute) — [source](http://assembly.state.ny.us/leg/?sh=printbill&bn=A8491&term=2023&Text=Y)
+
+## Votes
+
+- Floor Vote — **60–1** (pass) · upper
+- Assembly Vote — **112–32** (pass) · lower
+
+## Sponsors
+
+- William Magnarelli — primary (person)
+- Donna Lupardo — cosponsor (person)
+
+## Timeline
+
+The legislative action history — every referral, reading, and vote.
+
+- **2024-01-04** REFERRED TO TRANSPORTATION `referral-committee`
+- **2024-01-17** REPORTED REFERRED TO CODES `referral-committee`
+- **2024-01-23** REPORTED
+- **2024-01-25** ADVANCED TO THIRD READING CAL.273
+- **2024-01-31** PASSED ASSEMBLY `passage`
+- **2024-01-31** DELIVERED TO SENATE
+- **2024-01-31** REFERRED TO TRANSPORTATION `referral-committee`
+- **2024-02-07** SUBSTITUTED FOR S8083
+- **2024-02-07** 3RD READING CAL.199
+- **2024-02-07** PASSED SENATE `passage`
+- **2024-02-07** RETURNED TO ASSEMBLY
+- **2024-02-13** DELIVERED TO GOVERNOR `executive-receipt`
+- **2024-02-13** SIGNED CHAP.79 `executive-signature`
+
+## Source
+
+OpenStates / OpenCivicData bulk snapshot [2026-07-01](https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump); origin `ocd-bill/03c81a4c-4f06-48ba-81c9-49fcbc132765`. Confidence: reported (aggregated from official New York legislature records).
+