Legislation: batch D — NY OH OK OR PA RI SC SD TX UT

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

legislation/us/states/tx/88/sb-280.md

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+---
+type: "Bill"
+title: "Relating to the issuance of specialty license plates for members of the military who served in Operation Freedom's Sentinel."
+description: "Relating to the issuance of specialty license plates for members of the military who served in Operation Freedom's Sentinel."
+jurisdiction: "us/states/tx"
+legislature: "Texas Legislature"
+session: "88"
+identifier: "SB 280"
+citation: "Texas SB 280 (88)"
+classification: ["bill"]
+subjects: ["LICENSE PLATES (S9823)", "MARINE LANCE CORPORAL DAVID LEE ESPINOZA ACT (P075W)", "MOTOR VEHICLES", "TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF (V0812)", "Military & Veterans (I0535)", "Vehicles & Traffic--Vehicle Registration (I0845)"]
+status: "enacted"
+primary_sponsors: ["Hall", "Raymond", "Zaffirini"]
+version_count: 5
+action_count: 46
+vote_count: 1
+first_action: "2022-12-14"
+last_action: "2023-06-18"
+source: "openstates"
+source_identifier: "ocd-bill/b702b554-b7d8-44e4-86c1-10d4028096e5"
+source_url: "ftp://ftp.legis.state.tx.us/bills/88R/billhistory/senate_bills/SB00200_SB00299/SB 280.xml"
+source_hash: "cb1045fa47621529e6bd26c6aa351098e59d8422427ff7932eb6785cb0c22d1e"
+vintage: "2026-07-01"
+source_snapshot: "https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump"
+retrieved_at: "2026-07-06"
+confidence: "reported"
+tags: ["legislation", "bill", "us-tx"]
+---
+
+# Texas SB 280 (88) — Relating to the issuance of specialty license plates for members of the military who served in Operation Freedom's Sentinel.
+
+## Version chain
+
+The bill's text revisions, in order — the diff chain from filing to enrollment.
+
+1. **Introduced** (filed) — [source](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/88R/billtext/html/SB00280I.HTM)
+2. **Engrossed** (committee substitute) — [source](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/88R/billtext/html/SB00280E.HTM)
+3. **House Committee Report** (committee substitute) — [source](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/88R/billtext/html/SB00280H.HTM)
+4. **Senate Committee Report** (committee substitute) — [source](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/88R/billtext/html/SB00280S.HTM)
+5. **Enrolled** (enrolled) — [source](http://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/88R/billtext/html/SB00280F.HTM)
+
+## Votes
+
+- passage — **141–2** (pass) · lower
+
+## Sponsors
+
+- Hall — primary (person)
+- Raymond — primary (person)
+- Zaffirini — primary (person)
+
+## Timeline
+
+The legislative action history — every referral, reading, and vote.
+
+- **2022-12-14** Received by the Secretary of the Senate `filing, introduction`
+- **2022-12-14** Filed `filing`
+- **2023-02-15** Read first time `introduction, reading-1`
+- **2023-02-15** Referred to Transportation `referral-committee`
+- **2023-03-29** Scheduled for public hearing on . . .
+- **2023-03-29** Considered in public hearing
+- **2023-03-29** Vote taken in committee
+- **2023-03-29** Reported favorably w/o amendments `committee-passage-favorable`
+- **2023-03-29** Recommended for local & uncontested calendar
+- **2023-03-29** Committee report printed and distributed
+- **2023-04-12** Placed on local & uncontested calendar
+- **2023-04-12** Laid before the Senate `receipt`
+- **2023-04-12** Read 2nd time & passed to engrossment `reading-2`
+- **2023-04-12** Vote recorded in Journal
+- **2023-04-12** Three day rule suspended
+- **2023-04-12** Record vote
+- **2023-04-12** Read 3rd time `reading-3`
+- **2023-04-12** Passed `passage`
+- **2023-04-12** Record vote
+- **2023-04-12** Reported engrossed
+- **2023-04-12** Received from the Senate `introduction`
+- **2023-04-18** Read first time `introduction, reading-1`
+- **2023-04-18** Referred to Defense & Veterans' Affairs `referral-committee`
+- **2023-05-09** Posting rule suspended
+- **2023-05-10** Considered in public hearing
+- **2023-05-10** Recommended to be sent to Local & Consent `referral-committee`
+- **2023-05-10** Reported favorably w/o amendment(s) `committee-passage, committee-passage-favorable`
+- **2023-05-10** Comte report filed with Committee Coordinator `filing`
+- **2023-05-10** Committee report distributed
+- **2023-05-10** Comm. report sent to Local & Consent Calendar
+- **2023-05-17** Considered in Local & Consent Calendars
+- **2023-05-19** Placed on Local, Consent, and Res. Calendar
+- **2023-05-19** Read 2nd time `reading-2`
+- **2023-05-19** Passed to 3rd reading
+- **2023-05-19** Nonrecord vote recorded in Journal
+- **2023-05-19** Read 3rd time `reading-3`
+- **2023-05-19** Passed `passage`
+- **2023-05-19** Record vote
+- **2023-05-19** Nonrecord vote recorded in Journal
+- **2023-05-21** House passage reported `passage`
+- **2023-05-21** Reported enrolled `enrolled`
+- **2023-05-22** Signed in the Senate `passage`
+- **2023-05-22** Signed in the House `passage`
+- **2023-05-23** Sent to the Governor `executive-receipt`
+- **2023-06-18** Signed by the Governor `executive-signature`
+- **2023-06-18** Effective immediately `became-law`
+
+## Source
+
+OpenStates / OpenCivicData bulk snapshot [2026-07-01](https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump); origin `ocd-bill/b702b554-b7d8-44e4-86c1-10d4028096e5`. Confidence: reported (aggregated from official Texas legislature records).
+