---
type: "Bill"
title: "Vulnerable adults; seizure of property used in connection with financial exploitation, etc."
description: "Seizure of property used in connection with or derived from financial exploitation of vulnerable adults. Establishes a procedure for seizure of property used in connection with or derived from financial exploitation of vulnerable adults. The bill permits a guardian, adult proactive agent, or representative of the vulnerable adult to enforce such an action for good cause shown."
jurisdiction: "us/states/va"
legislature: "Virginia General Assembly"
session: "2025"
identifier: "HB 2120"
citation: "Virginia HB 2120 (2025)"
classification: ["bill"]
subjects: []
status: "enacted"
primary_sponsors: ["Michelle Lopes Maldonado"]
version_count: 8
action_count: 51
vote_count: 12
first_action: "2025-01-07"
last_action: "2025-03-19"
source: "openstates"
source_identifier: "ocd-bill/c998b093-c6c1-4b8d-9228-ac793f890607"
source_url: "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20251/HB2120"
source_hash: "d43cec5e6779ce2dc16c74cf818d1c0b5d42771722a281108511840950c9fd91"
vintage: "2026-07-01"
source_snapshot: "https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump"
retrieved_at: "2026-07-06"
confidence: "reported"
tags: ["legislation", "bill", "us-va"]
---

# Virginia HB 2120 (2025) — Vulnerable adults; seizure of property used in connection with financial exploitation, etc.

Seizure of property used in connection with or derived from financial exploitation of vulnerable adults. Establishes a procedure for seizure of property used in connection with or derived from financial exploitation of vulnerable adults. The bill permits a guardian, adult proactive agent, or representative of the vulnerable adult to enforce such an action for good cause shown.

## Version chain

The bill's text revisions, in order — the diff chain from filing to enrollment.

1. **Introduced** (filed) — [source](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1015179.PDF)
2. **Chaptered** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1071518.PDF)
3. **Conference Report** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1066309.HTML)
4. **Conference Substitute** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1066311.PDF)
5. **Courts of Justice Subcommittee Substitute** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1033968.PDF)
6. **Courts of Justice Amendment** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1044649.HTML)
7. **Courts of Justice Substitute** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1046181.PDF)
8. **Enrolled** (enrolled) — [source](https://lis.blob.core.windows.net/files/1068848.PDF)

## Votes

- Reported from Courts of Justice with substitute (20-Y 0-N) — **20–0** (pass) · lower
- Passed House (99-Y 0-N) — **99–0** (pass) · lower
- Senate substitute rejected by House (2-Y 94-N) — **2–94** (fail) · lower
- Read third time and passed House (97-Y 0-N) — **97–0** (pass) · lower
- Constitutional reading dispensed (on 2nd reading) (40-Y 0-N) — **40–0** (pass) · upper
- Conference report agreed to by House (96-Y 0-N) — **96–0** (pass) · lower
- Conference report agreed to by Senate (39-Y 0-N) — **39–0** (pass) · upper
- Senate insisted on amendment (39-Y 0-N) — **39–0** (pass) · upper
- Senate insisted on substitute (40-Y 0-N) — **40–0** (pass) · upper
- Passed Senate (39-Y 0-N) — **39–0** (pass) · upper
- Subcommittee recommends reporting with substitute (8-Y 0-N) — **8–0** (pass) · lower
- Reported from Courts of Justice with substitute (15-Y 0-N) — **15–0** (pass) · upper

## Sponsors

- Michelle Lopes Maldonado — primary (person)
- Amy J. Laufer — cosponsor (person)
- Irene Shin — cosponsor (person)
- Jackie H. Glass — cosponsor (person)

## Timeline

The legislative action history — every referral, reading, and vote.

- **2025-01-07** Prefiled and ordered printed; Offered 01-13-2025 25101920D `filing, introduction`
- **2025-01-07** Referred to Committee for Courts of Justice `referral-committee`
- **2025-01-15** Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB2120)
- **2025-01-25** Assigned Courts sub: Criminal `referral-committee`
- **2025-01-29** Subcommittee recommends reporting with substitute (8-Y 0-N) `substitution`
- **2025-01-30** Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB2120)
- **2025-01-31** Reported from Courts of Justice with substitute (20-Y 0-N) `committee-passage`
- **2025-01-31** Committee substitute printed 25106195D-H1 `substitution`
- **2025-02-02** Read first time `reading-1`
- **2025-02-03** Read second time `reading-2`
- **2025-02-03** Courts of Justice Substitute agreed to
- **2025-02-03** Engrossed by House - committee substitute `substitution`
- **2025-02-04** Read third time and passed House (97-Y 0-N) `passage, reading-3`
- **2025-02-04** Reconsideration of passage agreed to by House
- **2025-02-04** Passed House (99-Y 0-N) `passage`
- **2025-02-05** Constitutional reading dispensed (on 1st reading)
- **2025-02-05** Referred to Committee for Courts of Justice `referral-committee`
- **2025-02-10** Reported from Courts of Justice with substitute (15-Y 0-N) `committee-passage`
- **2025-02-10** Committee substitute printed 25107087D-S1 `substitution`
- **2025-02-11** Rules suspended
- **2025-02-11** Constitutional reading dispensed (on 2nd reading) (40-Y 0-N)
- **2025-02-11** Passed by for the day
- **2025-02-12** Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB2120)
- **2025-02-12** Read third time `reading-3`
- **2025-02-12** Reading of substitute waived
- **2025-02-12** Courts of Justice Substitute agreed to
- **2025-02-12** Engrossed by Senate - committee substitute `substitution`
- **2025-02-12** Passed Senate with substitute (39-Y 0-N) `passage`
- **2025-02-14** Passed by for the day
- **2025-02-17** Senate substitute rejected by House (2-Y 94-N)
- **2025-02-18** Senate insisted on substitute (40-Y 0-N) `substitution`
- **2025-02-18** Senate requested conference committee `referral-committee`
- **2025-02-19** House acceded to request
- **2025-02-19** Conferees appointed by House
- **2025-02-19** Delegates: Maldonado, Hernandez, Kilgore
- **2025-02-20** Conferees appointed by Senate
- **2025-02-20** Senators: Favola, Perry, Stuart
- **2025-02-21** Amended by conference committee
- **2025-02-21** Conference substitute printed 25107897D-H2
- **2025-02-21** Conference report agreed to by House (96-Y 0-N) `committee-passage-favorable`
- **2025-02-21** Conference report agreed to by Senate (39-Y 0-N) `committee-passage-favorable`
- **2025-02-24** Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB2120)
- **2025-03-07** Enrolled `enrolled`
- **2025-03-07** Bill text as passed House and Senate (HB2120ER) `passage`
- **2025-03-07** Signed by Speaker `passage`
- **2025-03-10** Signed by President `passage`
- **2025-03-10** Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB2120)
- **2025-03-11** Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 11, 2025 `enrolled, executive-receipt`
- **2025-03-11** Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., March 24, 2025 `executive-receipt`
- **2025-03-19** Approved by Governor-Chapter 160 (Effective 07/01/25) `executive-signature`
- **2025-03-19** Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0160)

## Source

OpenStates / OpenCivicData bulk snapshot [2026-07-01](https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump); origin `ocd-bill/c998b093-c6c1-4b8d-9228-ac793f890607`. Confidence: reported (aggregated from official Virginia legislature records).