---
type: "LegalText"
title: "30 U.S.C. § 661"
description: "Short title; definitions"
jurisdiction: "us"
corpus: "united_states_code"
kind: "code_section"
title_number: 30
title_name: "MINERAL LANDS AND MINING"
chapter_number: "18"
chapter_name: "COAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT"
section: "661"
citation: "30 U.S.C. § 661"
status: "current"
release_point: "119-100"
release_date: "2026-06-26"
source: "official"
source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc30@119-100.zip"
source_identifier: "/us/usc/t30/s661"
source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-30/usc30.xml"
source_hash: "bb884538565410260c0e029f3290f96819b2f040cc1be12485c327e9054d08d3"
raw_snapshot_hash: "355f8eb5c6ad5372de4a8e665d9ed90202d53d2aac19ac001d43948af4a4dd2f"
text_hash: "b17ee48a7b87a7a70b39ef828270dfbcfe6132e18b2bd28d748f855f7722f5d4"
retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
confidence: "official"
tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
---

# 30 U.S.C. § 661 - Short title; definitions

## Text

(a) This chapter may be cited as the “Coal Research and Development Act of 1960”.

(b) In this chapter:

(1) The term “research” means scientific, technical, and economic research and the practical application of that research.

(2) The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy.

(Pub. L. 86–599, § 1, as added Pub. L. 109–58, title X, § 1009(a)(1)(A), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 934.)

## Notes

Editorial Notes

Prior ProvisionsA prior section 661, Pub. L. 86–599, § 1, July 7, 1960, 74 Stat. 336, defined terms for purposes of this chapter, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 109–58, title X, § 1009(a)(1)(A), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 934.