---
type: "Bill"
title: "Civil procedure: civil actions; lawsuits for exercising rights to free expression; provide protections against. Creates new act."
description: "Civil procedure: civil actions; lawsuits for exercising rights to free expression; provide protections against. Creates new act."
jurisdiction: "us/states/mi"
legislature: "Michigan Legislature"
session: "2025-2026"
identifier: "HB 4045"
citation: "Michigan HB 4045 (2025-2026)"
classification: ["bill"]
subjects: ["Civil procedure: civil actions"]
status: "enacted"
primary_sponsors: ["Kara Hope"]
version_count: 7
action_count: 26
vote_count: 2
first_action: "2025-01-30"
last_action: "2025-12-31"
source: "openstates"
source_identifier: "ocd-bill/466153a5-6ac0-4a17-b061-aecda47f1135"
source_url: "https://legislature.mi.gov/Bills/Bill?ObjectName=2025-HB-4045"
source_hash: "924dfbc125deb86ef3ea64351ad3fb364ea6a640bf19dc2925125c47cb2594a2"
vintage: "2026-07-01"
source_snapshot: "https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump"
retrieved_at: "2026-07-06"
confidence: "reported"
tags: ["legislation", "bill", "us-mi"]
---

# Michigan HB 4045 (2025-2026) — Civil procedure: civil actions; lawsuits for exercising rights to free expression; provide protections against. Creates new act.

## Version chain

The bill's text revisions, in order — the diff chain from filing to enrollment.

1. **As Passed by the House** (committee substitute) — [source](https://legislature.mi.gov/documents/2025-2026/billengrossed/House/pdf/2025-HEBH-4045.pdf)
2. **As Passed by the Senate** (committee substitute) — [source](https://legislature.mi.gov/documents/2025-2026/billengrossed/House/pdf/2025-HEBS-4045.pdf)
3. **House Concurred Bill** (committee substitute) — [source](https://legislature.mi.gov/documents/2025-2026/billconcurred/House/pdf/2025-HCB-4045.pdf)
4. **House Introduced Bill** (committee substitute) — [source](https://legislature.mi.gov/documents/2025-2026/billintroduced/House/pdf/2025-HIB-4045.pdf)
5. **Public Act** (committee substitute) — [source](https://legislature.mi.gov/documents/2025-2026/publicact/pdf/2025-PA-0052.pdf)
6. **Substitute (H-1)** (committee substitute) — [source](https://legislature.mi.gov/Home/GetObject?objectName=2025-HCVBH-4045-0N295.pdf)
7. **Substitute (H-1) - 2** (committee substitute) — [source](https://legislature.mi.gov/Home/GetObject?objectName=2025-HCVBH-4045-0O338.pdf)

## Votes

- PASSED ROLL CALL # 347 YEAS 36 NAYS 0 EXCUSED 1 NOT VOTING 0 — **36–0** (pass) · upper
- passed; given immediate effect Roll Call #262 Yeas 103 Nays 0 Excused 0 Not Voting 7 — **103–0** (pass) · lower

## Sponsors

- Kara Hope — primary (person)
- Carrie Rheingans — cosponsor (person)
- Erin Byrnes — cosponsor (person)
- Jason Hoskins — cosponsor (person)
- Jason Morgan — cosponsor (person)
- Jasper Martus — cosponsor (person)
- Jennifer Conlin — cosponsor (person)
- Jimmie Wilson — cosponsor (person)
- Julie Brixie — cosponsor (person)
- Julie Rogers — cosponsor (person)
- Kelly Breen — cosponsor (person)
- Matt Longjohn — cosponsor (person)

## Timeline

The legislative action history — every referral, reading, and vote.

- **2025-01-30** introduced by Representative Rep. Kara Hope `introduction`
- **2025-01-30** read a first time `reading-1`
- **2025-01-30** referred to Committee on Judiciary `referral-committee`
- **2025-02-04** bill electronically reproduced 01/30/2025
- **2025-04-16** reported with recommendation with substitute (H-1) `committee-passage`
- **2025-04-16** referred to second reading
- **2025-10-21** read a second time `reading-2`
- **2025-10-21** substitute (H-1) adopted
- **2025-10-21** placed on third reading
- **2025-10-22** read a third time `reading-3`
- **2025-10-22** passed; given immediate effect Roll Call #262 Yeas 103 Nays 0 Excused 0 Not Voting 7 `passage`
- **2025-10-22** transmitted
- **2025-10-28** PASSED BY HOUSE WITH IMMEDIATE EFFECT `passage`
- **2025-10-28** REFERRED TO COMMITTEE ON CIVIL RIGHTS, JUDICIARY, AND PUBLIC SAFETY `referral-committee`
- **2025-12-11** REPORTED FAVORABLY WITHOUT AMENDMENT 12/10/2025 `committee-passage`
- **2025-12-11** REFERRED TO COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE `referral-committee`
- **2025-12-16** REPORTED BY COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE FAVORABLY WITHOUT AMENDMENT(S) `committee-passage`
- **2025-12-16** PLACED ON ORDER OF THIRD READING
- **2025-12-18** PASSED ROLL CALL # 347 YEAS 36 NAYS 0 EXCUSED 1 NOT VOTING 0 `passage`
- **2025-12-18** RETURNED TO HOUSE
- **2025-12-18** returned from Senate without amendment
- **2025-12-18** bill ordered enrolled
- **2025-12-23** presented to the Governor 12/22/2025 01:40 PM `executive-receipt`
- **2025-12-31** approved by the Governor 12/23/2025 10:26 AM `executive-signature`
- **2025-12-31** filed with Secretary of State 12/23/2025 11:56 AM
- **2025-12-31** assigned PA 52'25

## Source

OpenStates / OpenCivicData bulk snapshot [2026-07-01](https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump); origin `ocd-bill/466153a5-6ac0-4a17-b061-aecda47f1135`. Confidence: reported (aggregated from official Michigan legislature records).