---
type: "Bill"
title: "Judges; maximum number in each judicial district."
description: "Judges; maximum number in each judicial district."
jurisdiction: "us/states/va"
legislature: "Virginia General Assembly"
session: "2023"
identifier: "HB 1412"
citation: "Virginia HB 1412 (2023)"
classification: ["bill"]
subjects: []
status: "enacted"
primary_sponsors: ["Marshall"]
version_count: 3
action_count: 32
vote_count: 9
first_action: "2022-12-06"
last_action: "2023-03-21"
source: "openstates"
source_identifier: "ocd-bill/072812b9-a338-4f8f-b9b4-39ed0715aa84"
source_url: "https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?231+sum+HB1412"
source_hash: "43f7a54b607a4d8eb46066d12674c7bfbcdba0395a18e32fc5906f87ffd997b1"
vintage: "2026-07-01"
source_snapshot: "https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump"
retrieved_at: "2026-07-06"
confidence: "reported"
tags: ["legislation", "bill", "us-va"]
---

# Virginia HB 1412 (2023) — Judges; maximum number in each judicial district.

## Version chain

The bill's text revisions, in order — the diff chain from filing to enrollment.

1. **CHAP0072** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?231+ful+CHAP0072)
2. **HB1412ER** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?231+ful+HB1412ER)
3. **Prefiled and ordered printed; offered 01/11/23 23101400D** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?231+ful+HB1412)

## Votes

- Reported from Appropriations (22-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · lower
- Reported from Finance and Appropriations (14-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · upper
- Reported from Judiciary (13-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · upper
- VOTE: Block Vote Passage (99-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · lower
- Subcommittee recommends reporting (8-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · lower
- Subcommittee recommends reporting (8-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · lower
- Passed Senate (39-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · upper
- Constitutional reading dispensed (40-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · upper
- Reported from Courts of Justice (19-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · lower

## Sponsors

- Marshall — primary (person)

## Timeline

The legislative action history — every referral, reading, and vote.

- **2022-12-06** Prefiled and ordered printed; offered 01/11/23 23101400D `filing, introduction`
- **2022-12-06** Referred to Committee for Courts of Justice `referral-committee`
- **2023-01-04** Impact statement from DPB (HB1412)
- **2023-01-17** Assigned Courts sub: Subcommittee #2 `referral-committee`
- **2023-01-18** Subcommittee recommends reporting (8-Y 0-N)
- **2023-01-18** Subcommittee recommends referring to Committee on Appropriations `referral-committee`
- **2023-01-23** Reported from Courts of Justice (19-Y 0-N) `committee-passage`
- **2023-01-23** Referred to Committee on Appropriations `referral-committee`
- **2023-01-24** Assigned App. sub: General Government and Capital Outlay `referral-committee`
- **2023-01-30** Subcommittee recommends reporting (8-Y 0-N)
- **2023-01-30** Reported from Appropriations (22-Y 0-N) `committee-passage`
- **2023-02-01** Read first time `reading-1`
- **2023-02-02** Read second time and engrossed `reading-2`
- **2023-02-03** Read third time and passed House BLOCK VOTE (99-Y 0-N) `passage, reading-3`
- **2023-02-03** VOTE: Block Vote Passage (99-Y 0-N) `passage`
- **2023-02-06** Constitutional reading dispensed
- **2023-02-06** Referred to Committee on the Judiciary `referral-committee`
- **2023-02-13** Reported from Judiciary (13-Y 0-N) `committee-passage`
- **2023-02-13** Rereferred to Finance and Appropriations `referral-committee`
- **2023-02-15** Reported from Finance and Appropriations (14-Y 0-N) `committee-passage`
- **2023-02-16** Constitutional reading dispensed (40-Y 0-N)
- **2023-02-17** Read third time `reading-3`
- **2023-02-17** Passed Senate (39-Y 0-N) `passage`
- **2023-02-22** Enrolled `enrolled`
- **2023-02-22** Bill text as passed House and Senate (HB1412ER) `passage`
- **2023-02-22** Signed by Speaker `passage`
- **2023-02-23** Impact statement from DPB (HB1412ER)
- **2023-02-24** Signed by President `passage`
- **2023-03-02** Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 2, 2023 `enrolled, executive-receipt`
- **2023-03-02** Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., March 27, 2023 `executive-receipt`
- **2023-03-21** Approved by Governor-Chapter 72 (effective 7/1/23) `executive-signature`
- **2023-03-21** Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0072)

## Source

OpenStates / OpenCivicData bulk snapshot [2026-07-01](https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump); origin `ocd-bill/072812b9-a338-4f8f-b9b4-39ed0715aa84`. Confidence: reported (aggregated from official Virginia legislature records).