---
type: "Bill"
title: "Elected and certain appointed officers; procedure for removal by courts."
description: "Elected and certain appointed officers; procedure for removal by courts."
jurisdiction: "us/states/va"
legislature: "Virginia General Assembly"
session: "2023"
identifier: "SB 1431"
citation: "Virginia SB 1431 (2023)"
classification: ["bill"]
subjects: []
status: "enacted"
primary_sponsors: ["Surovell"]
version_count: 4
action_count: 45
vote_count: 8
first_action: "2023-01-11"
last_action: "2023-03-26"
source: "openstates"
source_identifier: "ocd-bill/8eb3d8e5-3f5c-4bdc-9d6e-52e42aab122c"
source_url: "https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?231+sum+SB1431"
source_hash: "23e30f582f4d5cf6c87493d3a1cbca2ec5025e780473c74fde5e573d2062579e"
vintage: "2026-07-01"
source_snapshot: "https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump"
retrieved_at: "2026-07-06"
confidence: "reported"
tags: ["legislation", "bill", "us-va"]
---

# Virginia SB 1431 (2023) — Elected and certain appointed officers; procedure for removal by courts.

## Version chain

The bill's text revisions, in order — the diff chain from filing to enrollment.

1. **CHAP0664** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?231+ful+CHAP0664)
2. **Prefiled and ordered printed; offered 01/11/23 23100264D** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?231+ful+SB1431)
3. **Printed as engrossed 23100264D-E** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?231+ful+SB1431E)
4. **SB1431ER** (committee substitute) — [source](https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?231+ful+SB1431ER)

## Votes

- Constitutional reading dispensed (39-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · upper
- VOTE: Block Vote Passage (98-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · lower
- Reported from Privileges and Elections with amendments (14-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · upper
- Reported from Privileges and Elections (22-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · lower
- Constitutional reading dispensed (40-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · upper
- Read third time and passed Senate (39-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · upper
- Subcommittee recommends reporting (8-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · lower
- VOTE: Block Vote Passage #2 (99-Y 0-N) — **0–0** (fail) · lower

## Sponsors

- Surovell — primary (person)

## Timeline

The legislative action history — every referral, reading, and vote.

- **2023-01-11** Prefiled and ordered printed; offered 01/11/23 23100264D `filing, introduction`
- **2023-01-11** Referred to Committee on Privileges and Elections `referral-committee`
- **2023-01-20** Assigned to P&E sub: Subcommittee #1 `referral-committee`
- **2023-01-24** Senate committee, floor amendments and substitutes offered
- **2023-01-26** Impact statement from DPB (SB1431)
- **2023-01-27** Senate subcommittee amendments and substitutes offered
- **2023-01-27** Senate committee, floor amendments and substitutes offered
- **2023-01-31** Reported from Privileges and Elections with amendments (14-Y 0-N) `committee-passage`
- **2023-02-02** Senate committee, floor amendments and substitutes offered
- **2023-02-02** Senate committee, floor amendments and substitutes offered
- **2023-02-02** Senate committee, floor amendments and substitutes offered
- **2023-02-02** Constitutional reading dispensed (40-Y 0-N)
- **2023-02-03** Read second time `reading-2`
- **2023-02-03** Reading of amendments waived
- **2023-02-03** Committee amendments agreed to `amendment-passage`
- **2023-02-03** Reading of amendments waived
- **2023-02-03** Amendments by Senator Surovell agreed to `amendment-passage`
- **2023-02-03** Engrossed by Senate as amended SB1431E
- **2023-02-03** Printed as engrossed 23100264D-E
- **2023-02-03** Constitutional reading dispensed (39-Y 0-N)
- **2023-02-03** Passed by for the day
- **2023-02-06** Read third time and passed Senate (39-Y 0-N) `passage, reading-3`
- **2023-02-06** Impact statement from DPB (SB1431E)
- **2023-02-08** Placed on Calendar
- **2023-02-08** Read first time `reading-1`
- **2023-02-08** Referred to Committee on Privileges and Elections `referral-committee`
- **2023-02-14** Assigned P & E sub: Subcommittee #2 `referral-committee`
- **2023-02-15** Subcommittee recommends reporting (8-Y 0-N)
- **2023-02-17** Reported from Privileges and Elections (22-Y 0-N) `committee-passage`
- **2023-02-21** Read second time `reading-2`
- **2023-02-22** Read third time `reading-3`
- **2023-02-22** Passed House BLOCK VOTE (98-Y 0-N) `passage`
- **2023-02-22** VOTE: Block Vote Passage (98-Y 0-N) `passage`
- **2023-02-22** Reconsideration of House passage agreed to by House
- **2023-02-22** Passed House BLOCK VOTE (99-Y 0-N) `passage`
- **2023-02-22** VOTE: Block Vote Passage #2 (99-Y 0-N) `passage`
- **2023-03-07** Enrolled `enrolled`
- **2023-03-07** Bill text as passed Senate and House (SB1431ER) `passage`
- **2023-03-07** Impact statement from DPB (SB1431ER)
- **2023-03-08** Signed by President `passage`
- **2023-03-08** Signed by Speaker `passage`
- **2023-03-13** Enrolled Bill Communicated to Governor on March 13, 2023 `enrolled`
- **2023-03-13** Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., March 27, 2023 `executive-receipt`
- **2023-03-26** Approved by Governor-Chapter 664 (effective 7/1/23) `executive-signature`
- **2023-03-26** Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0664)

## Source

OpenStates / OpenCivicData bulk snapshot [2026-07-01](https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump); origin `ocd-bill/8eb3d8e5-3f5c-4bdc-9d6e-52e42aab122c`. Confidence: reported (aggregated from official Virginia legislature records).