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LegalText 10 U.S.C. § 899 Art. 99. Misbehavior before the enemy us united_states_code code_section 10 ARMED FORCES 47 UNIFORM CODE OF MILITARY JUSTICE 899 10 U.S.C. § 899 current 119-100 2026-06-26 official https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc10@119-100.zip /us/usc/t10/s899 data/legal/raw/us/code/title-10/usc10.xml bfdfeb9bea40298e2105563ccf008fea9ca38419e116f39899aee3d449417b5b 06a2679d38355c44f4219c983fdad34009233205d6ba271593a4c1b17a739ec1 af0b4291befdea49b3f16b32b31df2c6cce884ae1149f27fec3861db0673e0a4 2026-07-04 official
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10 U.S.C. § 899 - Art. 99. Misbehavior before the enemy

Text

Any member of the armed forces who before or in the presence of the enemy—

(1) runs away;

(2) shamefully abandons, surrenders, or delivers up any command, unit, place, or military property which it is his duty to defend;

(3) through disobedience, neglect, or intentional misconduct endangers the safety of any such command, unit, place, or military property;

(4) casts away his arms or ammunition;

(5) is guilty of cowardly conduct;

(6) quits his place of duty to plunder or pillage;

(7) causes false alarms in any command, unit, or place under control of the armed forces;

(8) willfully fails to do his utmost to encounter, engage, capture, or destroy any enemy troops, combatants, vessels, aircraft, or any other thing, which it is his duty so to encounter, engage, capture, or destroy; or

(9) does not afford all practicable relief and assistance to any troops, combatants, vessels, or aircraft of the armed forces belonging to the United States or their allies when engaged in battle;

shall be punished by death or such other punishment as a court-martial may direct.

(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 69.)

Notes

Historical and Revision Notes Revised sectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 89950:693.May 5, 1950, ch. 169, § 1 (Art. 99), 64 Stat. 137.