republic-os/legal/us/code/title-05/chapter-35/section-3594.md

type, title, description, jurisdiction, corpus, kind, title_number, title_name, chapter_number, chapter_name, section, citation, status, release_point, release_date, source, source_url, source_identifier, source_file, source_hash, raw_snapshot_hash, text_hash, retrieved_at, confidence, tags

type	title	description	jurisdiction	corpus	kind	title_number	title_name	chapter_number	chapter_name	section	citation	status	release_point	release_date	source	source_url	source_identifier	source_file	source_hash	raw_snapshot_hash	text_hash	retrieved_at	confidence	tags
LegalText	5 U.S.C. § 3594	Guaranteed placement in other personnel systems	us	united_states_code	code_section	5	GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES	35	RETENTION PREFERENCE, VOLUNTARY SEPARATION INCENTIVE PAYMENTS, RESTORATION, AND REEMPLOYMENT	3594	5 U.S.C. § 3594	current	119-100	2026-06-26	official	https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc05@119-100.zip	/us/usc/t5/s3594	data/legal/raw/us/code/title-05/usc05.xml	ff0c5d65f1efc483ffaa6ef4229053fc423ec0eca5cf262e8d300f6f7bc6d1fa	719fdb18e7085aede50e1e97c1c129fa6058e2c5c12b3d77a9b9044b1769e540	d85128c6de0f5a01dc50b882d2b798d6ef8360b29d76f340002d81d8fd860f20	2026-07-04	official	legal us-code

5 U.S.C. § 3594 - Guaranteed placement in other personnel systems

Text

(a) A career appointee who was appointed from a civil service position held under a career or career-conditional appointment (or an appointment of equivalent tenure, as determined by the Office of Personnel Management) and who, for reasons other than misconduct, neglect of duty, or malfeasance, is removed from the Senior Executive Service during the probationary period under section 3393(d) of this title, shall be entitled to be placed in a civil service position (other than a Senior Executive Service position) in any agency.

(b) A career appointee who has completed the probationary period under section 3393(d) of this title, and who—

(1) is removed from the Senior Executive Service for less than fully successful executive performance as determined under subchapter II of chapter 43 of this title; or

(2) is removed from the Senior Executive Service under paragraph (4) or (5) of section 3595(b) of this title;

shall be entitled to be placed in a civil service position (other than a Senior Executive Service position) in any agency.

(c) (1) For purposes of subsections (a) and (b) of this section—

(A) the position in which any career appointee is placed under such subsections shall be a continuing position at GS–15 of the General Schedule or classified above GS–15 pursuant to section 5108, or an equivalent position, and, in the case of a career appointee referred to in subsection (a) of this section, the career appointee shall be entitled to an appointment of a tenure equivalent to the tenure of the appointment held in the position from which the career appointee was appointed;

(B) any career appointee placed under subsection (a) or (b) of this section shall be entitled to receive basic pay at the highest of—

(i) the rate of basic pay in effect for the position in which placed;

(ii) the rate of basic pay in effect at the time of the placement for the position the career appointee held in the civil service immediately before being appointed to the Senior Executive Service; or

(iii) the rate of basic pay in effect for the career appointee immediately before being placed under subsection (a) or (b) of this section; and

(C) the placement of any career appointee under subsection (a) or (b) of this section may not be made to a position which would cause the separation or reduction in grade of any other employee.

(2) An employee who is receiving basic pay under paragraph (1)(B)(ii) or (iii) of this subsection is entitled to have the basic pay rate of the employee increased by 50 percent of the amount of each increase in the maximum rate of basic pay for the grade of the position in which the employee is placed under subsection (a) or (b) of this section until the rate is equal to the rate in effect under paragraph (1)(B)(i) of this subsection for the position in which the employee is placed.

(Added Pub. L. 95–454, title IV, § 404(b), Oct. 13, 1978, 92 Stat. 1166; amended Pub. L. 98–615, title III, § 303(b), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3217; Pub. L. 101–194, title V, § 506(b)(5), Nov. 30, 1989, 103 Stat. 1758; Pub. L. 101–509, title V, § 529 [title I, § 101(b)(9)(E)], Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1427, 1441; Pub. L. 102–378, § 2(16), Oct. 2, 1992, 106 Stat. 1347; Pub. L. 107–296, title XIII, § 1321(a)(2)(C), Nov. 25, 2002, 116 Stat. 2297.)

Notes

Editorial Notes

References in TextGS–15 of the General Schedule, referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(A), is set out under section 5332 of this title.

Amendments2002—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 107–296, § 1321(a)(2)(C)(i), inserted “or” at end. Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 107–296, § 1321(a)(2)(C)(ii), struck out “or” at end. Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 107–296, § 1321(a)(2)(C)(iii), struck out par. (3) which read as follows: “is removed from the Senior Executive Service for failure to be recertified under section 3393a;”. 1992—Subsec. (c)(1)(A). Pub. L. 102–378 substituted “section 5108,” for “section 5108,,”. 1990—Subsec. (c)(1)(A). Pub. L. 101–509 substituted “at GS–15 of the General Schedule or classified above GS–15 pursuant to section 5108,” for “at GS–15 or above of the General Schedule”. 1989—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 101–194 added par. (3). 1984—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–615 inserted provision relating to career appointees removed from the Senior Executive Service under section 3595(b)(4) or (5) of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2002 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 107–296 effective 60 days after Nov. 25, 2002, see section 4 of Pub. L. 107–296, set out as an Effective Date note under section 101 of Title 6, Domestic Security.

Effective Date of 1990 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 101–509 effective on such date as the President shall determine, but not earlier than 90 days, and not later than 180 days, after Nov. 5, 1990, see section 529 [title III, § 305] of Pub. L. 101–509, set out as a note under section 5301 of this title.

Effective Date of 1989 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 101–194 effective Jan. 1, 1991, see section 506(d) of Pub. L. 101–194, set out as a note under section 3151 of this title.

Effective Date of 1984 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 98–615 effective following expiration of 90-day period beginning on Nov. 8, 1984, see section 307 of Pub. L. 98–615, set out as a note under section 3393 of this title.

Effective DateSection effective 9 months after Oct. 13, 1978, and congressional review of provisions of sections 401 through 412 of Pub. L. 95–454, see section 415(a)(1), (b), of Pub. L. 95–454, set out as a note under section 3131 of this title.