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Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 10:51:44 -04:00

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LegalText 18 U.S.C. § 177 Injunctions us united_states_code code_section 18 CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE 10 BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS 177 18 U.S.C. § 177 current 119-100 2026-06-26 official https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc18@119-100.zip /us/usc/t18/s177 data/legal/raw/us/code/title-18/usc18.xml 78465c5ed27fd3ad314a4f325dd2568b077f77d0ac01958f7591114a0c136a4f 1a1bbbbdb59e376ada4eb7ad1056fd68d396679ee7ab59f0561af15006122708 9418055248c59dedeb8d1e3da07418acac43e1968b8a8d1f96f0dd7d22c29c8f 2026-07-04 official
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18 U.S.C. § 177 - Injunctions

Text

(a) In General.— The United States may obtain in a civil action an injunction against—

(1) the conduct prohibited under section 175 of this title;

(2) the preparation, solicitation, attempt, threat, or conspiracy to engage in conduct prohibited under section 175 of this title; or

(3) the development, production, stockpiling, transferring, acquisition, retention, or possession, or the attempted development, production, stockpiling, transferring, acquisition, retention, or possession of any biological agent, toxin, or delivery system of a type or in a quantity that under the circumstances has no apparent justification for prophylactic, protective, or other peaceful purposes.

(b) Affirmative Defense.— It is an affirmative defense against an injunction under subsection (a)(3) of this section that—

(1) the conduct sought to be enjoined is for a prophylactic, protective, or other peaceful purpose; and

(2) such biological agent, toxin, or delivery system is of a type and quantity reasonable for that purpose.

(Added Pub. L. 101298, § 3(a), May 22, 1990, 104 Stat. 202; amended Pub. L. 104132, title V, § 511(b)(2), Apr. 24, 1996, 110 Stat. 1284.)

Notes

Editorial Notes

Amendments1996—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 104132 inserted “threat,” after “attempt,”.