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Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 10:51:44 -04:00

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LegalText 18 U.S.C. § 436 Convict labor contracts us united_states_code code_section 18 CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE 23 CONTRACTS 436 18 U.S.C. § 436 current 119-100 2026-06-26 official https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc18@119-100.zip /us/usc/t18/s436 data/legal/raw/us/code/title-18/usc18.xml e17da61542c5a256433dc9b48ee1929fa22a65eb96efd736a38dffb7d59844f5 1a1bbbbdb59e376ada4eb7ad1056fd68d396679ee7ab59f0561af15006122708 1441087ce9c18bfeb393ff0c747d4faaa1730525671aae702906cf6d41a18c44 2026-07-04 official
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18 U.S.C. § 436 - Convict labor contracts

Text

Whoever, being an officer, employee, or agent of the United States or any department or agency thereof, contracts with any person or corporation, or permits any warden, agent, or official of any penal or correctional institution, to hire out the labor of any prisoners confined for violation of any laws of the United States, shall be fined under this title 11 See 1994 Amendment note below. or imprisoned not more than three years, or both.

(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 703; Pub. L. 103322, title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(K), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147.)

Notes

Historical and Revision NotesBased on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., §§ 708, 709 (Feb. 23, 1887, ch. 213, §§ 1, 2, 24 Stat. 411). This section consolidates sections 708 and 709 of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., as the offense and penalty provisions, respectively. Words “department or agency thereof” were inserted to clarify scope of section. See definition of department and agency in section 6 of this title. To retain uniformity words “shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and,” were omitted. The reference to misdemeanor is now covered by the definition in section 1 of this title. Words “on conviction thereof” were omitted as unnecessary since punishment can follow only upon conviction. The minimum punishment provisions “less than one year nor” and “less than $500 nor” were deleted to conform to the policy followed by codifiers of 1909 Criminal Code. (See revisers note under section 203 of this title.) Changes were also made in phraseology.

Editorial Notes

Amendments1994—Pub. L. 103322, which directed the amendment of this section by substituting “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $5,000”, was executed by making the substitution for “fined not more than $1,000”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.