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Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 10:51:44 -04:00

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LegalText 20 U.S.C. § 1703 Denial of equal educational opportunity prohibited us united_states_code code_section 20 EDUCATION 39 EQUAL EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES AND TRANSPORTATION OF STUDENTS 1703 20 U.S.C. § 1703 current 119-100 2026-06-26 official https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip /us/usc/t20/s1703 data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml 89c5cbb7a5fe88bde2f20cbb5a49bcd480d82a4c0a77500445351ab76304c4b6 6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052 9237d3ee466eeb00db2a027f3d802f1897bc85001d95fc8a9b519f85282a2958 2026-07-04 official
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20 U.S.C. § 1703 - Denial of equal educational opportunity prohibited

Text

No State shall deny equal educational opportunity to an individual on account of his or her race, color, sex, or national origin, by—

(a) the deliberate segregation by an educational agency of students on the basis of race, color, or national origin among or within schools;

(b) the failure of an educational agency which has formerly practiced such deliberate segregation to take affirmative steps, consistent with part 4 of this subchapter, to remove the vestiges of a dual school system;

(c) the assignment by an educational agency of a student to a school, other than the one closest to his or her place of residence within the school district in which he or she resides, if the assignment results in a greater degree of segregation of students on the basis of race, color, sex, or national origin among the schools of such agency than would result if such student were assigned to the school closest to his or her place of residence within the school district of such agency providing the appropriate grade level and type of education for such student;

(d) discrimination by an educational agency on the basis of race, color, or national origin in the employment, employment conditions, or assignment to schools of its faculty or staff, except to fulfill the purposes of subsection (f) below;

(e) the transfer by an educational agency, whether voluntary or otherwise, of a student from one school to another if the purpose and effect of such transfer is to increase segregation of students on the basis of race, color, or national origin among the schools of such agency; or

(f) the failure by an educational agency to take appropriate action to overcome language barriers that impede equal participation by its students in its instructional programs.

(Pub. L. 93380, title II, § 204, Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 515.)

Notes

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective DateSection effective on and after sixtieth day after Aug. 21, 1974, see section 2(c) of Pub. L. 93380, set out as a note under section 12211 of this title.