republic-os/legal/us/code/title-45/chapter-20/section-1104.md

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LegalText	45 U.S.C. § 1104	Definitions	us	united_states_code	code_section	45	RAILROADS	20	NORTHEAST RAIL SERVICE	1104	45 U.S.C. § 1104	current	119-100	2026-06-26	official	https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc45@119-100.zip	/us/usc/t45/s1104	data/legal/raw/us/code/title-45/usc45.xml	bf208c896741a064b42a2eb7a0ffb6046fd235ec4813fa5ba889cdbae19c67c9	6ff04cb352e22f8a18f24c94e9adb8036909cf2a75f41489d768a5934fb9667c	88cadef7f77efd27d86b93b2b5b8b8cd247de9dc5d5dc478a43b8374d093ae61	2026-07-04	official	legal us-code

45 U.S.C. § 1104 - Definitions

Text

As used in this subtitle, unless the context otherwise requires, the term:

(1) “Amtrak” means the National Railroad Passenger Corporation created under chapter 243 of title 49.

(2) “Commission” means the Interstate Commerce Commission.

(3) “Commuter authority” means any State, local, or regional authority, corporation, or other entity established for purposes of providing commuter service, and includes the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, the Connecticut Department of Transportation, the Maryland Department of Transportation, the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority, the New Jersey Transit Corporation, the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, the Port Authority Trans-Hudson Corporation, any successor agencies, and any entity created by one or more such agencies for the purpose of operating, or contracting for the operation of, commuter service.

(4) “Commuter service” means short-haul rail passenger service operated in metropolitan and suburban areas, whether within or across the geographical boundaries of a State, usually characterized by reduced fare, multiple-ride, and commutation tickets, and by morning and evening peak period operations.

(5) “Conrail” means the Consolidated Rail Corporation created under title III of the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973 (45 U.S.C. 741 et seq.).

(6) “Rail carrier” means a common carrier engaged in interstate or foreign commerce by rail subject to subtitle IV of title 49.

(7) “Secretary” means the Secretary of Transportation.

(8) “Special court” means the judicial panel established under section 209(b)(1) of the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973 (45 U.S.C. 719(b)(1)) or, with respect to any proceedings that arise or continue after the panel is abolished pursuant to section 209(b)(2) of such Act [45 U.S.C. 719(b)(2)], the United States District Court for the District of Columbia.

(Pub. L. 97–35, title XI, § 1135(a), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 645; Pub. L. 104–317, title VI, § 605(c)(3), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3859.)

Notes

Editorial Notes

References in TextThis subtitle, referred to in text, is subtitle E (§§ 1131–1169) of title XI of Pub. L. 97–35, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 643, known as the Northeast Rail Service Act of 1981. For complete classification of this subtitle to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1101 of this title and Tables. The Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973, referred to in par. (5), is Pub. L. 93–236, Jan. 2, 1974, 87 Stat. 985. Title III of the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973 is classified generally to subchapter III (§ 741 et seq.) of chapter 16 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 701 of this title and Tables.

Codification In par. (1), “chapter 243 of title 49” substituted for “title III of the Rail Passenger Service Act (45 U.S.C. 541 et seq.)” on authority of Pub. L. 103–272, § 6(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378, the first section of which enacted subtitles II, III, and V to X of Title 49, Transportation.

Amendments1996—Par. (8). Pub. L. 104–317 amended par. generally. Prior to amendment, par. read as follows: “ ‘Special court’ means the judicial panel established under section 209 of the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973 (45 U.S.C. 719).”

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1996 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 104–317 effective 90 days after Oct. 19, 1996, and except as otherwise provided, applicable proceedings that arise or continue after such effective date, see section 605(e) of Pub. L. 104–317, set out as a note under section 719 of this title.

Abolition of Interstate Commerce Commission and Transfer of Functions Interstate Commerce Commission abolished and functions of Commission transferred, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 104–88, to Surface Transportation Board effective Jan. 1, 1996, by section 1302 of Title 49, Transportation, and section 101 of Pub. L. 104–88, set out as a note under section 1301 of Title 49. References to Interstate Commerce Commission deemed to refer to Surface Transportation Board, a member or employee of the Board, or Secretary of Transportation, as appropriate, see section 205 of Pub. L. 104–88, set out as a note under section 1301 of Title 49.