republic-os/legislation/us/states/in/2025/sb-1.md

type, title, description, jurisdiction, legislature, session, identifier, citation, classification, subjects, status, primary_sponsors, version_count, action_count, vote_count, first_action, last_action, source, source_identifier, source_url, source_hash, vintage, source_snapshot, retrieved_at, confidence, tags

type	title	description	jurisdiction	legislature	session	identifier	citation	classification	subjects	status	primary_sponsors	version_count	action_count	vote_count	first_action	last_action	source	source_identifier	source_url	source_hash	vintage	source_snapshot	retrieved_at	confidence	tags
Bill	Local government finance.	Places restrictions on the issuance of certain general obligation bonds. Amends a capitalization rate percentage under the statewide agricultural land base rate determination. Provides that the percentage cap used to determine the maximum levy growth quotient is 4% in 2026. Provides that, notwithstanding any growth in a political subdivision's assessed value (AV) in the previous year, a political subdivision's ad valorem property tax levy shall not exceed the ad valorem property tax levy for its last preceding annual budget, unless the fiscal body of the political subdivision adopts an affirmative tax rate and tax levy increase by ordinance following a separate public hearing. Requires a resulting decrease in tax rates for each political subdivision in which there was an increase in the political subdivision's AV in the previous year, subject to any affirmative tax rate and tax levy increase adopted by the fiscal body of the political subdivision. Phases out the authority for the department of local government finance (department) to permit an excess tax levy that is based on AV growth, school transportation costs, and other circumstances. Retains the provisions that permit an excess tax levy if the civil taxing unit cannot carry out its governmental functions in the case of annexation, a natural disaster, an accident, or an emergency. Phases in an increase in the acquisition cost threshold for the business personal property tax exemption from $80,000 to $2,000,000. Provides that the 30% minimum valuation limitation does not apply to business personal property placed in service after January 1, 2025. Phases down the homestead standard deduction over five years to zero beginning for taxes due and payable in 2031. Phases in an increase in the supplemental homestead deduction to 2/3 of the AV of the homestead. Phases in an AV deduction for all property that is subject to the 2% circuit breaker credit for excessive property taxes for assessment dates beginning in 2025 up to a 1/3 AV deduction for taxes due and payable in 2031, and each taxable year thereafter. Expires certain property tax deductions allowed in current law, and instead allows a credit against local property taxes in certain instances. Makes certain changes to the qualification requirements and credit amount for the over 65 circuit breaker credit. Provides a supplemental homestead tax credit for property taxes for a person's homestead if the person qualifies for a standard homestead deduction for the same homestead property. Provides that specified referendums may be placed on the ballot only at a general election. Amends the ballot language for controlled project, school operating, and school public safety referendums. Provides that a school corporation may not adopt a resolution to place a controlled project referendum on the ballot during the second calendar year after the final calendar year in which a previously approved controlled project referendum levy is imposed. Modifies the threshold amounts used for determining whether a political subdivision's project is a controlled project and whether the petition and remonstrance process or the referendum process applies based on the political subdivision's total debt service tax rate. Adds provisions to authorize a county fiscal body to adopt an ordinance to establish a property tax payment deferral program (program). Provides that a qualified individual participating in the program may defer the payment of part of the property taxes that would otherwise be due on a homestead. Provides that property taxes deferred under the program are due after the occurrence of a deferral termination event. Provides that the maximum amount of taxes that may be deferred cumulatively year over year may not exceed $10,000. Increases, beginning in 2028, the maximum local income tax (LIT) expenditure rate for all counties to 2.9%. Authorizes a city or town to impose a municipal LIT rate beginning in 2028 not to exceed 1.2%. Provides that within a county's total expenditure rate, the county may adopt: (1) up to a 1.2% rate for county general purpose revenue; (2) up to a 0.4% rate for fire protection and emergency medical services; (3) up to a 0.2% rate for nonmunicipal civil taxing unit general purpose revenue; and (4) up to 1.2% for certain cities and towns that are not eligible to adopt a municipal LIT rate. Eliminates provisions that provide for a distribution of LIT expenditure rate revenue to schools and civil taxing units in counties that imposed a rate under the prior county adjusted gross income tax. Authorizes a county fiscal body to impose a local income tax expenditure rate to provide property tax relief for property tax liability attributable to homesteads in the county before January 1, 2028. Expires the authority to impose a property tax relief rate under the LIT and repeals the levy freeze rate. Provides that, in order to continue to impose an expenditure tax rate after 2027, each county must adopt a new ordinance on or before October 1, 2027, to impose the rate. Provides that, for counties that fail to adopt an ordinance to renew an existing expenditure tax rate in 2027, the expenditure tax rate for the county in 2028 shall be the minimum tax rate necessary for existing debt service. Specifies that this does not prevent the county from renewing, imposing, or modifying an expenditure tax rate in subsequent years. Eliminates local income tax councils beginning July 1, 2027, and instead provides that the county fiscal body is the adopting body in all counties for purposes of the county LIT, and the city or town fiscal body is the adopting body in the case of a municipal LIT. Establishes the state and local income tax holding account within the state general fund for purposes of LIT distributions. Requires the budget agency to maintain an accounting for each county imposing a county LIT based on annual returns filed by or for county taxpayers (same as current law). Requires undistributed amounts so accounted to be held for purposes of the state and local income tax holding account beginning after December 31, 2026. (Under current law, undistributed amounts are required to be held in reserve separate from the state general fund.) Requires the budget agency to present each December to the budget committee a report of the following: (1) An estimate of the monthly certified distribution amounts for the immediately succeeding calendar year. (2) A description of the method used to determine the monthly estimates. Beginning in 2028, requires the budget agency to make monthly transfers to the state and local income tax holding account of the amount determined for the month in the budget agency's report to the budget committee. Repeals a provision that requires the budget agency to adjust the certified distribution of a county for the succeeding year following a tax rate change. Requires the department to develop and maintain a property tax transparency portal through which taxpayers may: (1) compare the property tax liability in their current tax statement compared to their potential property tax liability based on changes under a proposed tax rate; and (2) provide taxpayer feedback to the department. Prohibits the northern Indiana commuter transportation district from issuing new bonds after May 9, 2025, that are payable in whole or in part from amounts distributed from the commuter rail service fund or the electric rail service fund. Requires all school corporations that adopt a resolution for an operating referendum tax levy that is imposed for the first time with property taxes first due and payable beginning after 2027 to share revenue with certain charter schools. Requires, beginning with distributions in 2028, that all school corporations begin sharing revenue from the school corporation's operations fund levy with certain charter schools. Provides for the phasing in of the sharing of revenue with certain charter schools from the school corporation's operations fund levy. Provides for the appointment of additional board members to the governing board of a charter school that receives property tax revenue. Sets forth additional procedures related to the closure of a charter school. Dissolves the Union School Corporation. Provides that for a fire protection territory established after January 1, 2025, each unit in a territory may not impose a tax rate that exceeds $0.40 per $100 of assessed valuation. Makes conforming changes. Makes technical corrections. Makes an appropriation.	us/states/in	Indiana General Assembly	2025	SB 1	Indiana SB 1 (2025)	bill	AGENCIES; Department of Local Government Finance (DLGF) AGENCIES; State Budget Agency (SBA) BOARDS COMMISSIONS AND COUNCILS; Budget Committee ELECTIONS; Conducting Elections (Excluding Recounts) ELECTIONS; Local Election Boards ELECTIONS; Public Questions and Referendums LOCAL ELECTED OFFICIALS; Assessors LOCAL ELECTED OFFICIALS; Auditors PROPERTY; Assessors (Non-Elected) PROPERTY; Leases SCHOOLS; Charter Schools SCHOOLS; Funds and Budgets TAXES; Credits TAXES; Deductions TAXES; Local Income Taxes TAXES; Property Taxes TAXES; Tax Levies	enacted	Chris Garten Jeffrey Thompson Scott Baldwin Travis Holdman	4	50	24	2025-01-14	2025-04-15	openstates	ocd-bill/aefc74a1-e469-446b-bed4-0b5195ecfab6	https://api.iga.in.gov/2025/bills/sb0001	6b936878cba98bbde9b05ac1ac51904b6b517167f86d0d05b9cbefd6f19cdfdf	2026-07-01	https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump	2026-07-06	reported	legislation bill us-in

Indiana SB 1 (2025) — Local government finance.

Places restrictions on the issuance of certain general obligation bonds. Amends a capitalization rate percentage under the statewide agricultural land base rate determination. Provides that the percentage cap used to determine the maximum levy growth quotient is 4% in 2026. Provides that, notwithstanding any growth in a political subdivision's assessed value (AV) in the previous year, a political subdivision's ad valorem property tax levy shall not exceed the ad valorem property tax levy for its last preceding annual budget, unless the fiscal body of the political subdivision adopts an affirmative tax rate and tax levy increase by ordinance following a separate public hearing. Requires a resulting decrease in tax rates for each political subdivision in which there was an increase in the political subdivision's AV in the previous year, subject to any affirmative tax rate and tax levy increase adopted by the fiscal body of the political subdivision. Phases out the authority for the department of local government finance (department) to permit an excess tax levy that is based on AV growth, school transportation costs, and other circumstances. Retains the provisions that permit an excess tax levy if the civil taxing unit cannot carry out its governmental functions in the case of annexation, a natural disaster, an accident, or an emergency. Phases in an increase in the acquisition cost threshold for the business personal property tax exemption from $80,000 to $2,000,000. Provides that the 30% minimum valuation limitation does not apply to business personal property placed in service after January 1, 2025. Phases down the homestead standard deduction over five years to zero beginning for taxes due and payable in 2031. Phases in an increase in the supplemental homestead deduction to 2/3 of the AV of the homestead. Phases in an AV deduction for all property that is subject to the 2% circuit breaker credit for excessive property taxes for assessment dates beginning in 2025 up to a 1/3 AV deduction for taxes due and payable in 2031, and each taxable year thereafter. Expires certain property tax deductions allowed in current law, and instead allows a credit against local property taxes in certain instances. Makes certain changes to the qualification requirements and credit amount for the over 65 circuit breaker credit. Provides a supplemental homestead tax credit for property taxes for a person's homestead if the person qualifies for a standard homestead deduction for the same homestead property. Provides that specified referendums may be placed on the ballot only at a general election. Amends the ballot language for controlled project, school operating, and school public safety referendums. Provides that a school corporation may not adopt a resolution to place a controlled project referendum on the ballot during the second calendar year after the final calendar year in which a previously approved controlled project referendum levy is imposed. Modifies the threshold amounts used for determining whether a political subdivision's project is a controlled project and whether the petition and remonstrance process or the referendum process applies based on the political subdivision's total debt service tax rate. Adds provisions to authorize a county fiscal body to adopt an ordinance to establish a property tax payment deferral program (program). Provides that a qualified individual participating in the program may defer the payment of part of the property taxes that would otherwise be due on a homestead. Provides that property taxes deferred under the program are due after the occurrence of a deferral termination event. Provides that the maximum amount of taxes that may be deferred cumulatively year over year may not exceed $10,000. Increases, beginning in 2028, the maximum local income tax (LIT) expenditure rate for all counties to 2.9%. Authorizes a city or town to impose a municipal LIT rate beginning in 2028 not to exceed 1.2%. Provides that within a county's total expenditure rate, the county may adopt: (1) up to a 1.2% rate for county general purpose revenue; (2) up to a 0.4% rate for fire protection and emergency medical services; (3) up to a 0.2% rate for nonmunicipal civil taxing unit general purpose revenue; and (4) up to 1.2% for certain cities and towns that are not eligible to adopt a municipal LIT rate. Eliminates provisions that provide for a distribution of LIT expenditure rate revenue to schools and civil taxing units in counties that imposed a rate under the prior county adjusted gross income tax. Authorizes a county fiscal body to impose a local income tax expenditure rate to provide property tax relief for property tax liability attributable to homesteads in the county before January 1, 2028. Expires the authority to impose a property tax relief rate under the LIT and repeals the levy freeze rate. Provides that, in order to continue to impose an expenditure tax rate after 2027, each county must adopt a new ordinance on or before October 1, 2027, to impose the rate. Provides that, for counties that fail to adopt an ordinance to renew an existing expenditure tax rate in 2027, the expenditure tax rate for the county in 2028 shall be the minimum tax rate necessary for existing debt service. Specifies that this does not prevent the county from renewing, imposing, or modifying an expenditure tax rate in subsequent years. Eliminates local income tax councils beginning July 1, 2027, and instead provides that the county fiscal body is the adopting body in all counties for purposes of the county LIT, and the city or town fiscal body is the adopting body in the case of a municipal LIT. Establishes the state and local income tax holding account within the state general fund for purposes of LIT distributions. Requires the budget agency to maintain an accounting for each county imposing a county LIT based on annual returns filed by or for county taxpayers (same as current law). Requires undistributed amounts so accounted to be held for purposes of the state and local income tax holding account beginning after December 31, 2026. (Under current law, undistributed amounts are required to be held in reserve separate from the state general fund.) Requires the budget agency to present each December to the budget committee a report of the following: (1) An estimate of the monthly certified distribution amounts for the immediately succeeding calendar year. (2) A description of the method used to determine the monthly estimates. Beginning in 2028, requires the budget agency to make monthly transfers to the state and local income tax holding account of the amount determined for the month in the budget agency's report to the budget committee. Repeals a provision that requires the budget agency to adjust the certified distribution of a county for the succeeding year following a tax rate change. Requires the department to develop and maintain a property tax transparency portal through which taxpayers may: (1) compare the property tax liability in their current tax statement compared to their potential property tax liability based on changes under a proposed tax rate; and (2) provide taxpayer feedback to the department. Prohibits the northern Indiana commuter transportation district from issuing new bonds after May 9, 2025, that are payable in whole or in part from amounts distributed from the commuter rail service fund or the electric rail service fund. Requires all school corporations that adopt a resolution for an operating referendum tax levy that is imposed for the first time with property taxes first due and payable beginning after 2027 to share revenue with certain charter schools. Requires, beginning with distributions in 2028, that all school corporations begin sharing revenue from the school corporation's operations fund levy with certain charter schools. Provides for the phasing in of the sharing of revenue with certain charter schools from the school corporation's operations fund levy. Provides for the appointment of additional board members to the governing board of a charter school that receives property tax revenue. Sets forth additional procedures related to the closure of a charter school. Dissolves the Union School Corporation. Provides that for a fire protection territory established after January 1, 2025, each unit in a territory may not impose a tax rate that exceeds $0.40 per $100 of assessed valuation. Makes conforming changes. Makes technical corrections. Makes an appropriation.

Version chain

The bill's text revisions, in order — the diff chain from filing to enrollment.

1. Engrossed Senate Bill (S) (committee substitute) — source
2. Enrolled Senate Bill (S) (committee substitute) — source
3. Introduced Senate Bill (S) (committee substitute) — source
4. Senate Bill (H) (committee substitute) — source

Votes

• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 26–63 (fail) · lower
• SB 1 - Holdman - 2nd Reading — 10–36 (fail) · upper
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 24–61 (fail) · lower
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 25–60 (fail) · lower
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 27–64 (fail) · lower
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 20–68 (fail) · lower
• SB 1 - Holdman - 2nd Reading — 12–34 (fail) · upper
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 22–65 (fail) · lower
• SB 1 - Holdman - 2nd Reading — 15–31 (fail) · upper
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 27–66 (fail) · lower
• SB 1 - Holdman — 27–22 (pass) · upper
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 27–65 (fail) · lower
• SB 1 - Holdman - 3rd Reading — 37–10 (pass) · upper
• SB 1 - Thompson - 3rd Reading — 65–29 (pass) · lower
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 22–60 (fail) · lower
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 23–60 (fail) · lower
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 25–62 (fail) · lower
• SB 1 - Holdman - 2nd Reading — 9–37 (fail) · upper
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 22–59 (fail) · lower
• SB 1 - Holdman - 2nd Reading — 16–30 (fail) · upper
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 70–27 (pass) · lower
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 25–57 (fail) · lower
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 27–58 (fail) · lower
• SB 1 - Thompson - 2nd Reading — 27–64 (fail) · lower

Sponsors

• Chris Garten — primary (person)
• Jeffrey Thompson — primary (person)
• Scott Baldwin — primary (person)
• Travis Holdman — primary (person)
• Brian Buchanan — coauthor (person)
• Craig Snow — cosponsor (person)
• Edward Clere — cosponsor (person)
• Jack Jordan — cosponsor (person)
• Linda Rogers — coauthor (person)
• Mike Gaskill — coauthor (person)
• Tyler Johnson — coauthor (person)

Timeline

The legislative action history — every referral, reading, and vote.

• 2025-01-14 First reading: referred to Committee on Tax and Fiscal Policy reading-1, referral-committee
• 2025-01-14 Authored by Senator Holdman
• 2025-01-30 Senator Garten added as second author
• 2025-01-30 Senator Baldwin added as third author
• 2025-01-30 Senators Gaskill, Rogers, Buchanan, Johnson T added as coauthors
• 2025-02-11 Committee report: amend do pass, adopted committee-passage
• 2025-02-13 Amendment #5 (Young M) failed; Roll Call 118: yeas 9, nays 37 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-02-13 Amendment #3 (Young M) failed; Roll Call 116: yeas 15, nays 31 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-02-13 Amendment #1 (Qaddoura) failed; Roll Call 115: yeas 10, nays 36 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-02-13 Amendment #2 (Young M) failed; Roll Call 117: yeas 12, nays 34 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-02-13 Amendment #4 (Young M) failed; Roll Call 119: yeas 16, nays 30 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-02-13 Second reading: ordered engrossed reading-2
• 2025-02-17 Cosponsors: Representatives Snow and Jordan
• 2025-02-17 Third reading: passed; Roll Call 132: yeas 37, nays 10 passage, reading-3, reading-3
• 2025-02-17 House sponsor: Representative Thompson
• 2025-02-18 Referred to the House referral
• 2025-02-18 Representatives Snow and Jordan removed as cosponsors
• 2025-02-18 Representative Clere added as cosponsor
• 2025-02-19 Representatives Snow and Jordan added as cosponsors
• 2025-03-03 First reading: referred to Committee on Ways and Means reading-1, referral-committee
• 2025-04-07 Committee report: amend do pass, adopted committee-passage
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #20 (Porter) failed; Roll Call 427: yeas 22, nays 60 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #9 (DeLaney) failed; Roll Call 419: yeas 27, nays 64 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #1 (Campbell) failed; Roll Call 417: yeas 27, nays 64 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #7 (DeLaney) failed; Roll Call 418: yeas 27, nays 66 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #36 (Thompson) prevailed; Roll Call 416: yeas 70, nays 27 amendment-passage
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #6 (Jackson C) failed; voice vote amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #3 (Jackson C) failed; Roll Call 422: yeas 20, nays 68 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #14 (Porter) failed; Roll Call 423: yeas 25, nays 62 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #15 (Porter) failed; Roll Call 424: yeas 25, nays 60 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #16 (Porter) failed; Roll Call 425: yeas 24, nays 61 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #26 (Porter) failed; Roll Call 428: yeas 22, nays 59 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #22 (Porter) failed; Roll Call 429: yeas 25, nays 57 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #24 (Porter) failed; Roll Call 430: yeas 23, nays 60 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #2 (Pryor) failed; Roll Call 431: yeas 22, nays 65 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Second reading: amended, ordered engrossed reading-2
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #8 (DeLaney) failed; Roll Call 420: yeas 27, nays 65 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #11 (DeLaney) failed; Roll Call 421: yeas 26, nays 63 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-09 Amendment #19 (Porter) failed; Roll Call 426: yeas 27, nays 58 amendment-failure, failure
• 2025-04-10 Pursuant to Senate Rule 68(b); reassigned to Committee on Rules and Legislative Procedure referral-committee
• 2025-04-10 Third reading: passed; Roll Call 433: yeas 65, nays 29 passage, reading-3, reading-3
• 2025-04-10 Returned to the Senate with amendments receipt
• 2025-04-10 Motion to concur filed filing
• 2025-04-10 Committee report: Pursuant to Senate Rule 82(e); approved by Rules Committee as amended by the House Committee on Ways and Means.
• 2025-04-15 Senate concurred with House amendments; Roll Call 417: yeas 27, nays 22
• 2025-04-15 Signed by the Speaker passage
• 2025-04-15 Signed by the President Pro Tempore passage
• 2025-04-15 Signed by the President of the Senate passage
• 2025-04-15 Public Law 68 became-law
• 2025-04-15 Signed by the Governor executive-signature

Source

OpenStates / OpenCivicData bulk snapshot 2026-07-01; origin ocd-bill/aefc74a1-e469-446b-bed4-0b5195ecfab6. Confidence: reported (aggregated from official Indiana legislature records).