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Fabio 5a13be122b Legislation: batch E — CA TN VA VT WA WI WV WY

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

2026-07-06 17:28:36 -04:00

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type, title, description, jurisdiction, legislature, session, identifier, citation, classification, subjects, status, primary_sponsors, version_count, action_count, vote_count, first_action, last_action, source, source_identifier, source_url, source_hash, vintage, source_snapshot, retrieved_at, confidence, tags

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Bill

Student journalists; freedom of speech and the press, definitions.

Student journalists; freedom of speech andthe press. Declares that, except in certain limited circumstances,a student journalist at a public middle school or high school orpublic institution of higher education has the right to exercisefreedom of speech and the press in school-sponsored media, includingdetermining the news, opinion, feature, and advertising content of school-sponsored media, regardless of whether the media is supported financially by the school board or governing board, supported throughthe use of school or campus facilities, or produced in conjunctionwith a class or course in which the student is enrolled. The billdefines "school-sponsored media" as any material that is prepared, substantially written, published, or broadcast by a student journalistat a public middle school or high school or public institution ofhigher education under the direction of a student media adviser anddistributed or generally made available to members of the studentbody.

us/states/va

Virginia General Assembly

2020

HB 36

Virginia HB 36 (2020)

bill

enacted

Chris L. Hurst

2019-11-19

2020-04-09

openstates

ocd-bill/cdb3d08b-4aea-4919-8890-8754d6fcd81d

https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?201+sum+HB36

8e6c03d8e790eb680032805510a80798f96062a9dfe890d1c5e3b0d59f15b558

2026-07-01

https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump

2026-07-06

reported

legislation

bill

us-va

Virginia HB 36 (2020) — Student journalists; freedom of speech and the press, definitions.

Version chain

The bill's text revisions, in order — the diff chain from filing to enrollment.

Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0947) (committee substitute) — source
Bill text as passed House and Senate (HB36ER) (committee substitute) — source
HB36H2 (committee substitute) — source
Impact statement from DPB (HB36) (committee substitute) — source
Impact statement from DPB (HB36H1) (committee substitute) — source

Votes

Constitutional reading dispensed (37-Y 0-N) — 37–0 (pass) · upper
Conference report agreed to by Senate (28-Y 11-N) — 28–11 (pass) · upper
Reconsideration of Senate passage agreed to by Senate (39-Y 0-N) — 39–0 (pass) · upper
Passed Senate with amendments (29-Y 11-N) — 29–11 (pass) · upper
VOTE: Adoption (79-Y 16-N) — 78–16 (pass) · lower
Passed Senate with amendments (28-Y 12-N) — 28–12 (pass) · upper
Reported from Education with substitute (20-Y 2-N) — 20–2 (pass) · lower
VOTE: Passage (86-Y 14-N) — 85–14 (pass) · lower
Reported from Education and Health with amendments (9-Y 5-N) — 9–5 (pass) · upper
Conference report agreed to by Senate (28-Y 10-N 1-A) — 28–10 (pass) · upper
Reconsideration of conference report agreed to by Senate (40-Y 0-N) — 40–0 (pass) · upper
Subcommittee recommends reporting with substitute (5-Y 3-N) — 5–3 (pass) · lower
Senate insisted on amendments (32-Y 4-N) — 32–4 (pass) · upper
VOTE: REJECTED (1-Y 95-N) — 1–94 (fail) · lower

Timeline

The legislative action history — every referral, reading, and vote.

2019-11-19 Prefiled and ordered printed; offered 01/08/20 20100406D introduction
2019-11-19 Referred to Committee on Education referral-committee
2020-01-13 Impact statement from DPB (HB36)
2020-01-13 Assigned Education sub: Post-Secondary and Higher Ed referral-committee
2020-01-29 Subcommittee recommends reporting with substitute (5-Y 3-N)
2020-02-03 Reported from Education with substitute (20-Y 2-N) committee-passage
2020-02-03 Committee substitute printed 20104720D-H1 substitution
2020-02-05 Impact statement from DPB (HB36H1)
2020-02-05 Read first time reading-1
2020-02-06 Read second time reading-2
2020-02-06 Committee substitute agreed to 20104720D-H1
2020-02-06 Engrossed by House - committee substitute HB36H1
2020-02-07 Read third time and passed House (86-Y 14-N) passage, reading-3
2020-02-07 VOTE: Passage (86-Y 14-N)
2020-02-10 Constitutional reading dispensed
2020-02-10 Referred to Committee on Education and Health referral-committee
2020-02-27 Reported from Education and Health with amendments (9-Y 5-N) committee-passage
2020-02-28 Constitutional reading dispensed (37-Y 0-N)
2020-03-02 Read third time reading-3
2020-03-02 Passed by for the day
2020-03-03 Read third time reading-3
2020-03-03 Reading of amendments waived
2020-03-03 Committee amendments agreed to
2020-03-03 Reading of amendments waived
2020-03-03 Amendments by Senator Petersen agreed to amendment-passage
2020-03-03 Engrossed by Senate as amended
2020-03-03 Passed Senate with amendments (28-Y 12-N) passage
2020-03-03 Reconsideration of Senate passage agreed to by Senate (39-Y 0-N)
2020-03-03 Passed Senate with amendments (29-Y 11-N) passage
2020-03-04 Placed on Calendar
2020-03-04 Senate amendments rejected by House (1-Y 95-N)
2020-03-04 VOTE: REJECTED (1-Y 95-N)
2020-03-05 Senate insisted on amendments (32-Y 4-N)
2020-03-05 Senate requested conference committee
2020-03-05 House acceded to request
2020-03-05 Conferees appointed by House
2020-03-05 Conferees appointed by Senate
2020-03-07 Amended by conference committee
2020-03-07 Conference substitute printed 20109858D-H2
2020-03-07 Conference report agreed to by House (79-Y 16-N)
2020-03-07 VOTE: Adoption (79-Y 16-N)
2020-03-07 Conference report agreed to by Senate (28-Y 10-N 1-A)
2020-03-07 Reconsideration of conference report agreed to by Senate (40-Y 0-N)
2020-03-07 Conference report agreed to by Senate (28-Y 11-N)
2020-03-18 Enrolled
2020-03-18 Signed by President
2020-03-19 Signed by Speaker
2020-03-20 Impact statement from DPB (HB36ER)
2020-03-20 Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 20, 2020
2020-03-20 Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 11, 2020
2020-04-09 Approved by Governor-Chapter 947 (effective 7/1/20) executive-signature

Source

OpenStates / OpenCivicData bulk snapshot 2026-07-01; origin ocd-bill/cdb3d08b-4aea-4919-8890-8754d6fcd81d. Confidence: reported (aggregated from official Virginia legislature records).

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