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Fabio 5a13be122b Legislation: batch E — CA TN VA VT WA WI WV WY

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

2026-07-06 17:28:36 -04:00

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Vermont H 454 (2025-2026) — An act relating to transforming Vermont’s education governance, quality, and finance systems

Version chain

The bill's text revisions, in order — the diff chain from filing to enrollment.

As Introduced (filed) — source
Act Summary (committee substitute) — source
As Enacted (committee substitute) — source
As Passed By the House (Official) (committee substitute) — source
As Passed By the House (Unofficial) (committee substitute) — source
As Passed by Both House and Senate (Official) (committee substitute) — source
As Passed by Both House and Senate (Unofficial) (committee substitute) — source
Senate Proposal of Amendment (Official) (committee substitute) — source
Senate Proposal of Amendment (Unofficial) (committee substitute) — source

Votes

Which was disagreed to on a Roll Call Failed -- Needed 72 of 143 to Pass -- Yeas = 60, Nays = 83 — 60–83 (fail) · lower
Which was agreed to on a Roll Call Passed -- Needed 71 of 142 to Pass -- Yeas = 87, Nays = 55 — 87–55 (pass) · lower
Which was agreed to on a Roll Call Passed -- Needed 71 of 141 to Pass -- Yeas = 96, Nays = 45 — 96–45 (pass) · lower
Roll Call, requested by Senator Ingalls, Failed -- Needed 15 of 30 to Pass -- Yeas = 13, Nays = 17 — 13–17 (fail) · upper
Committee of Conference report adopted on roll call Passed -- Needed 15 of 29 to Pass -- Yeas = 17, Nays = 12 — 17–12 (pass) · upper
Roll Call, requested by Senator Gulick, Passed -- Needed 22 of 29 to Pass -- Yeas = 26, Nays = 3 — 26–3 (pass) · upper

Timeline

The legislative action history — every referral, reading, and vote.

2025-02-28 Read first time and referred to the Committee on Education introduction
2025-04-01 Notice Calendar: Favorable with Amendment
2025-04-01 Referred to Committee on Ways and Means per Rule 35(a)
2025-04-08 Pending entry on Notice Calendar, referred to Committee on Appropriations per Rule 35(a)
2025-04-09 Notice Calendar: Favorable with Amendment
2025-04-10 Action Calendar: Favorable with Amendment
2025-04-10 Read second time reading-2
2025-04-10 Rep. Conlon of Cornwall reported for the Committee on Education
2025-04-10 Rep. Kornheiser of Brattleboro recommended for the Committee on Ways and Means
2025-04-10 Rep. Mrowicki of Putney recommended for the Committee on Appropriations
2025-04-10 Rep. Conlon of Cornwall, Brady of Williston, Brown of Richmond, Harple of Glover, Hunter of Manchester, Long of Newfane, and McCann of Montpelier moved to amend the report of the Committee on Ways and Means, which was agreed to
2025-04-10 Rep. Yacovone of Morristown and Olson of Starksboro moved to amend the report of the Committee on Ways and Means, as amended
2025-04-10 Rep. Yacovone of Morristown asked and was granted leave to withdraw amendment
2025-04-10 Rep. Olson of Starksboro and Yacovone of Morristown moved to amend the report of the Committee on Ways and Means, as amended
2025-04-10 Rep. Olson of Starksboro asked and was granted leave to withdraw amendment
2025-04-10 Report of the Committee on Education amended as recommended by the Committee on Ways and Means, as amended
2025-04-10 Report of Committee on Education, as amended, agreed to
2025-04-10 Third Reading ordered reading-3
2025-04-11 Action Calendar: Third Reading reading-3
2025-04-11 Rep. Greer of Bennington moved to amend the bill
2025-04-11 Rep. Greer of Bennington asked and was granted leave to withdraw amendment
2025-04-11 Rep. Toof of St. Albans Town and Houghton of Essex Junction moved to amend the bill, which was agreed to
2025-04-11 Rep. Galfetti of Barre Town moved to amend the bill
2025-04-11 Rep. Galfetti of Barre Town asked and was granted leave to withdraw amendment
2025-04-11 Rep. Wood of Waterbury, Kornheiser of Brattleboro, Bishop of Colchester, Cole of Hartford, Donahue of Northfield, Eastes of Guilford, Garofano of Essex, Maguire of Rutland City, McGill of Bridport, and Noyes of Wolcott moved to amend the bill, which was agreed to
2025-04-11 Rep. Donahue of Northfield moved to amend the bill
2025-04-11 Rep. McCoy of Poultney demanded yeas and nays
2025-04-11 Which was disagreed to on a Roll Call Failed -- Needed 72 of 143 to Pass -- Yeas = 60, Nays = 83
2025-04-11 Read third time reading-3
2025-04-11 Rep. Cina of Burlington demanded yeas and nays
2025-04-11 Passed passage
2025-04-11 Which was agreed to on a Roll Call Passed -- Needed 71 of 142 to Pass -- Yeas = 87, Nays = 55
2025-04-16 Read 1st time introduction
2025-04-16 Referred to Committee on Education per Temporary Senate Rule 44A
2025-05-06 Entered on Notice Calendar
2025-05-06 Second Reading reading-2
2025-05-06 Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Education amendment-introduction
2025-05-06 Referred to Committee on Finance per Senate Rule 31
2025-05-16 Entered on Notice Calendar
2025-05-16 Second Reading reading-2
2025-05-16 Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Education amendment-introduction
2025-05-16 Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Finance amendment-introduction
2025-05-16 Referred to Committee on Appropriations per Senate Rule 31
2025-05-20 Entered on Notice Calendar
2025-05-20 Second Reading reading-2
2025-05-20 Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Education amendment-introduction
2025-05-20 Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Finance amendment-introduction
2025-05-20 Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Appropriations amendment-introduction
2025-05-21 New Business/Second Reading reading-2
2025-05-21 Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Education amendment-introduction
2025-05-21 Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Finance amendment-introduction
2025-05-21 Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Appropriations amendment-introduction
2025-05-22 Unfinished Business/Second Reading reading-2
2025-05-22 Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Education amendment-introduction
2025-05-22 Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Finance amendment-introduction
2025-05-22 Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Appropriations amendment-introduction
2025-05-22 Committed to Committee on Education on motion of Senator Baruth
2025-05-22 Committee on Education relieved of further consideration of the bill on motion of Senator Baruth
2025-05-22 Rules suspended & taken up for immediate consideration, on motion of Senator Baruth
2025-05-22 Consideration postponed on motion of Senator Baruth
2025-05-22 Consideration postponed
2025-05-23 Unfinished Business/Second Reading reading-2
2025-05-23 Read 2nd time reading-2
2025-05-23 Proposal of amendment by Senator(s) Hardy, Bongartz, Baruth, and Ram Hinsdale; text amendment-introduction
2025-05-23 Proposal of amendment by Senator(s) Hardy, Bongartz, Baruth, and Ram Hinsdale agreed to amendment-introduction
2025-05-23 Proposal of amendment by Senator(s) Vyhovsky; text amendment-introduction
2025-05-23 Proposal of amendment not agreed to amendment-introduction
2025-05-23 Proposal of amendment by Senator(s) Vyhovsky; text amendment-introduction
2025-05-23 Proposal of amendment not agreed to amendment-introduction
2025-05-23 Proposal of amendment by Senator(s) Beck; text amendment-introduction
2025-05-23 Senator Beck requested & granted leave to withdraw proposal of amendment
2025-05-23 Proposal of amendment by Senator(s) Beck; text amendment-introduction
2025-05-23 Roll Call, Requested by Sen. Ingalls
2025-05-23 Roll Call, requested by Senator Ingalls, Failed -- Needed 15 of 30 to Pass -- Yeas = 13, Nays = 17
2025-05-23 Proposal of amendment not agreed to amendment-introduction
2025-05-23 3rd reading ordered
2025-05-23 Rules suspended & bill placed on all remaining stages of passage, on motion of Senator Baruth
2025-05-23 Read 3rd time & passed in concurrence with proposal of amendment amendment-introduction, reading-3
2025-05-23 Rules suspended & messaged to House forthwith, on motion of Senator Baruth passage
2025-05-23 Senate Message: Passed in concurrence with proposal of amendment amendment-introduction
2025-05-27 Rules suspended and taken up for immediate consideration, pending entry on Notice Calendar, as moved by Rep. McCoy of Poultney
2025-05-27 Senate proposal of amendment not concurred in and Committee of Conference requested upon motion of Rep. Conlon of Cornwall amendment-introduction
2025-05-27 Speaker appointed Reps. Conlon of Cornwall, Kornheiser of Brattleboro, and Taylor of Milton as members of the Committee of Conference on the part of the House
2025-05-27 Rules suspended and bill messaged forthwith to the Senate as moved by Rep. McCoy of Poultney
2025-05-27 House message: House refused to concur in Senate proposal of amendment & requested Conference Committee; House Conference Committee members appointed amendment-introduction
2025-05-27 Committee of Conference appointed: Senators Bongartz, Cummings, and Beck
2025-05-28 Senate Message: Committee of Conference members appointed
2025-06-16 Entered on Notice Calendar
2025-06-16 Rules suspended & taken up for immediate consideration, on motion of Senator Baruth
2025-06-16 Committee of Conference report submitted by Senator Bongartz for Committee, text
2025-06-16 Point of order raised by Senator Vyhovsky on ground Conference Committee breached Sec. 771.2 of Mason's Manual of Legislative Procedure
2025-06-16 Point of order sustained by the President
2025-06-16 Rules suspended on motion of Senator Baruth
2025-06-16 Roll Call, Requested by Sen. Gulick
2025-06-16 Roll Call, requested by Senator Gulick, Passed -- Needed 22 of 29 to Pass -- Yeas = 26, Nays = 3
2025-06-16 Rules suspended to permit consideration of an objectionable report of Committee of Conference, on Roll Call 26-3.
2025-06-16 Senator Chittenden explained vote
2025-06-16 Roll Call, Requested by Sen. Gulick
2025-06-16 Committee of Conference report adopted on roll call Passed -- Needed 15 of 29 to Pass -- Yeas = 17, Nays = 12
2025-06-16 Senator Douglass explained vote
2025-06-16 Senator Heffernan explained vote
2025-06-16 Senator Ingalls explained vote
2025-06-16 Senator Mattos explained vote
2025-06-16 Senator Williams explained vote
2025-06-16 Rules suspended & messaged to House forthwith, on motion of Senator Baruth passage
2025-06-16 Senate Message: Report of Committee of Conference adopted
2025-06-16 Rules suspended and taken up for immediate consideration, pending entry on Notice Calendar, as moved by Rep. McCoy of Poultney
2025-06-16 Committee of Conference report ruled out of order on point of order raised by Rep. McCann of Montpelier
2025-06-16 Rep. Houghton of Essex Junction moved to suspend rules to permit consideration of an objectionable committee of conference report
2025-06-16 Division demanded
2025-06-16 Division results Yes, 113; No, 26
2025-06-16 Which was agreed to
2025-06-16 Committee of Conference report adopted (House bill) passage
2025-06-16 Rep. McCoy of Poultney moved to deliver the bill to the Governor forthwith
2025-06-16 Rep. Headrick of Burlington demanded yeas and nays
2025-06-16 Which was agreed to on a Roll Call Passed -- Needed 71 of 141 to Pass -- Yeas = 96, Nays = 45
2025-06-16 House message: House adopted Conference Committee report
2025-06-16 Delivered to the Governor on June 25, 2025 passage
2025-06-16 Signed by Governor on July 1, 2025 executive-signature
2025-06-16 House message: Governor approved bill on July 1, 2025

Source

OpenStates / OpenCivicData bulk snapshot 2026-07-01; origin ocd-bill/2086ad8d-7f5f-4bd2-9724-1f096cac6490. Confidence: reported (aggregated from official Vermont legislature records).

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