republic-os/legal/us/code/title-19/chapter-28/section-4405.md

type, title, description, jurisdiction, corpus, kind, title_number, title_name, chapter_number, chapter_name, section, citation, status, release_point, release_date, source, source_url, source_identifier, source_file, source_hash, raw_snapshot_hash, text_hash, retrieved_at, confidence, tags

type	title	description	jurisdiction	corpus	kind	title_number	title_name	chapter_number	chapter_name	section	citation	status	release_point	release_date	source	source_url	source_identifier	source_file	source_hash	raw_snapshot_hash	text_hash	retrieved_at	confidence	tags
LegalText	19 U.S.C. § 4405	Trade Enforcement Trust Fund	us	united_states_code	code_section	19	CUSTOMS DUTIES	28	TRADE FACILITATION AND TRADE ENFORCEMENT	4405	19 U.S.C. § 4405	current	119-100	2026-06-26	official	https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc19@119-100.zip	/us/usc/t19/s4405	data/legal/raw/us/code/title-19/usc19.xml	7926a7da08cd96438085bfeebb7b13633a857809a91e50935b72edaa9a6f9a9d	c90da65eeb9b6895d254e48af923eedc3b1275c7e88d986eb56f934bfcdfdf5c	9d532c753e17f272104ff5b6a276114f90a56ae103cddcd1767a0bc3697db33f	2026-07-04	official	legal us-code

19 U.S.C. § 4405 - Trade Enforcement Trust Fund

Text

(a) Establishment There is established in the Treasury of the United States a trust fund to be known as the Trade Enforcement Trust Fund (in this section referred to as the “Trust Fund”), consisting of amounts transferred to the Trust Fund under subsection (b) and any amounts that may be credited to the Trust Fund under subsection (c).

(b) Transfer of amounts (1) In general The Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer to the Trust Fund, from the general fund of the Treasury, for each fiscal year that begins on or after February 24, 2016, through fiscal year 2026, an amount equal to $15,000,000 (or a lesser amount as required pursuant to paragraph (2)).

(2) Limitation The total amount in the Trust Fund at any time may not exceed $30,000,000.

(3) Frequency of transfers The Secretary shall transfer amounts required to be transferred to the Trust Fund under paragraph (1) not less frequently than quarterly from the general fund of the Treasury to the Trust Fund in a manner that ensures that the total amount in the Trust Fund at the end of the quarter does not exceed the limitation established under paragraph (2).

(c) Investment of amounts (1) Investment of amounts The Secretary shall invest such portion of the Trust Fund as is not required to meet current withdrawals in interest-bearing obligations of the United States or in obligations guaranteed as to both principal and interest by the United States.

(2) Interest and proceeds The interest on, and the proceeds from the sale or redemption of, any obligations held in the Trust Fund shall be credited to and form a part of the Trust Fund.

(d) Availability of amounts from Trust Fund (1) In general The United States Trade Representative shall, on the basis of the advice of the Trade Policy Committee and relevant subordinate bodies of the TPC, use or transfer for the use by Federal agencies represented on the TPC amounts in the Trust Fund, only as provided by appropriations Acts, for making expenditures for any of the following:

(A) To seek to enforce the provisions of and commitments and obligations under the WTO Agreements and free trade agreements to which the United States is a party and resolve any actions by foreign countries that are inconsistent with those provisions, commitments, and obligations.

(B) To monitor and ensure the full implementation by foreign countries of the provisions of and commitments and obligations under free trade agreements to which the United States is a party for purposes of systematically assessing, identifying, investigating, or initiating steps to address inconsistencies with those provisions, commitments, and obligations.

(C) To thoroughly investigate and respond to petitions under section 2412 of this title requesting that action be taken under section 2411 of this title.

(D) To support capacity-building efforts undertaken by the United States pursuant to any free trade agreement to which the United States is a party and to prioritize and give special attention to the timely, consistent, and robust implementation of the commitments and obligations of a party to that free trade agreement, including commitments and obligations related to trade in goods, trade in services, trade in agriculture, foreign investment, intellectual property, digital trade in goods and services and cross-border data flows, regulatory practices, state-owned and state-controlled enterprises, localization barriers to trade, labor and the environment, currency, foreign currency manipulation, anticorruption, trade remedy laws, textiles, and commercial partnerships.

(E) To support capacity-building efforts undertaken by the United States pursuant to any such free trade agreement and to include performance indicators against which the progress and obstacles for the implementation of commitments and obligations can be identified and assessed within a meaningful time frame.

(2) Limitation Amounts made available in the Trust Fund may not be used to offset costs of conducting negotiations for any free trade agreement to be entered into on or after February 24, 2016, but may be used to support implementation and capacity building prior to entry into force of a free trade agreement.

(e) Report Not later than 18 months after the entry into force of any free trade agreement entered into after February 24, 2016, the United States Trade Representative, in consultation with the Federal agencies represented on the TPC, shall submit to Congress a report on the actions taken under subsection (d) in connection with that agreement.

(f) Comptroller General study (1) In general The Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a study that includes the following:

(A) A comprehensive analysis of the trade enforcement expenditures of each Federal agency with responsibilities relating to trade that specifies, with respect to each such Federal agency—

(i) the amounts appropriated for trade enforcement; and

(ii) the number of full-time employees carrying out activities relating to trade enforcement.

(B) Recommendations on the additional employees and resources that each such Federal agency may need to effectively enforce the free trade agreements to which the United States is a party.

(2) Report Not later than one year after February 24, 2016, the Comptroller General shall submit to Congress a report on the results of the study conducted under paragraph (1).

(g) Definitions In this section:

(1) Trade Policy Committee; TPC The terms “Trade Policy Committee” and “TPC” mean the interagency organization established under section 1872 of this title.

(2) WTO The term “WTO” means the World Trade Organization.

(3) WTO agreement The term “WTO Agreement” has the meaning given that term in section 3501(9) of this title.

(4) WTO agreements The term “WTO Agreements” means the WTO Agreement and agreements annexed to that Agreement.

(Pub. L. 114–125, title VI, § 611, Feb. 24, 2016, 130 Stat. 192.)