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Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 10:51:44 -04:00

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LegalText 20 U.S.C. § 1656 Prohibition against official or court orders to achieve racial balance or insure compliance with constitutional standards applicable to entire United States us united_states_code code_section 20 EDUCATION 37 ASSIGNMENT OR TRANSPORTATION OF STUDENTS 1656 20 U.S.C. § 1656 current 119-100 2026-06-26 official https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc20@119-100.zip /us/usc/t20/s1656 data/legal/raw/us/code/title-20/usc20.xml 17185f3430f566343bc3270ea364b013c570b08899a8ddc31cb8e6f64cac49c5 6022872c5d6a3398d1728f82f8cefcb58db9f5ff548e2a636450be1e4a8bb052 0573ed2e6eec6071f2363251a721a1b15ce135c3bccb57cbf376d54db24c5180 2026-07-04 official
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20 U.S.C. § 1656 - Prohibition against official or court orders to achieve racial balance or insure compliance with constitutional standards applicable to entire United States

Text

The proviso of section 407(a) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [42 U.S.C. 2000c6(a)] providing in substance that no court or official of the United States shall be empowered to issue any order seeking to achieve a racial balance in any school by requiring the transportation of pupils or students from one school to another or one school district to another in order to achieve such racial balance, or otherwise enlarge the existing power of the court to insure compliance with constitutional standards shall apply to all public school pupils and to every public school system, public school and public school board, as defined by title IV [42 U.S.C. 2000c et seq.], under all circumstances and conditions and at all times in every State, district, territory, Commonwealth, or possession of the United States regardless of whether the residence of such public school pupils or the principal offices of such public school system, public school or public school board is situated in the northern, eastern, western, or southern part of the United States.

(Pub. L. 92318, title VIII, § 806, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 373.)

Notes

Editorial Notes

References in TextThe Civil Rights Act of 1964, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 88352, July 2, 1964, 78 Stat. 241. Title IV of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is classified generally to subchapter IV (§ 2000c et seq.) of chapter 21 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2000a of Title 42 and Tables.