republic-os/legal/us/code/title-26/chapter-1/section-356.md

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LegalText	26 U.S.C. § 356	Receipt of additional consideration	us	united_states_code	code_section	26	INTERNAL REVENUE CODE	1	NORMAL TAXES AND SURTAXES	356	26 U.S.C. § 356	current	119-100	2026-06-26	official	https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc26@119-100.zip	/us/usc/t26/s356	data/legal/raw/us/code/title-26/usc26.xml	20c4180aea685daf41bd1241f91bf991cfc22d0e34142d0fd85c04345cc2be25	a261f094809116f42a96648a3d5eee80fa010379d67412551c21dd5c900b27f4	ec1c0762b0703c81ec396510c40f40b367576167e564ec7ec99c53c9671c0626	2026-07-04	official	legal us-code

26 U.S.C. § 356 - Receipt of additional consideration

Text

(a) Gain on exchanges (1) Recognition of gain If—

(A) section 354 or 355 would apply to an exchange but for the fact that

(B) the property received in the exchange consists not only of property permitted by section 354 or 355 to be received without the recognition of gain but also of other property or money,

then the gain, if any, to the recipient shall be recognized, but in an amount not in excess of the sum of such money and the fair market value of such other property.

(2) Treatment as dividend If an exchange is described in paragraph (1) but has the effect of the distribution of a dividend (determined with the application of section 318(a)), then there shall be treated as a dividend to each distributee such an amount of the gain recognized under paragraph (1) as is not in excess of his ratable share of the undistributed earnings and profits of the corporation accumulated after February 28, 1913. The remainder, if any, of the gain recognized under paragraph (1) shall be treated as gain from the exchange of property.

(b) Additional consideration received in certain distributions If—

(1) section 355 would apply to a distribution but for the fact that

(2) the property received in the distribution consists not only of property permitted by section 355 to be received without the recognition of gain, but also of other property or money,

then an amount equal to the sum of such money and the fair market value of such other property shall be treated as a distribution of property to which section 301 applies.

(c) Loss If—

(1) section 354 would apply to an exchange or section 355 would apply to an exchange or distribution, but for the fact that

(2) the property received in the exchange or distribution consists not only of property permitted by section 354 or 355 to be received without the recognition of gain or loss, but also of other property or money,

then no loss from the exchange or distribution shall be recognized.

(d) Securities as other property For purposes of this section—

(1) In general Except as provided in paragraph (2), the term “other property” includes securities.

(2) Exceptions (A) Securities with respect to which nonrecognition of gain would be permitted The term “other property” does not include securities to the extent that, under section 354 or 355, such securities would be permitted to be received without the recognition of gain.

(B) Greater principal amount in section 354 exchange If—

(i) in an exchange described in section 354 (other than subsection (c) thereof), securities of a corporation a party to the reorganization are surrendered and securities of any corporation a party to the reorganization are received, and

(ii) the principal amount of such securities received exceeds the principal amount of such securities surrendered,

then, with respect to such securities received, the term “other property” means only the fair market value of such excess. For purposes of this subparagraph and subparagraph (C), if no securities are surrendered, the excess shall be the entire principal amount of the securities received.

(C) Greater principal amount in section 355 transaction If, in an exchange or distribution described in section 355, the principal amount of the securities in the controlled corporation which are received exceeds the principal amount of the securities in the distributing corporation which are surrendered, then, with respect to such securities received, the term “other property” means only the fair market value of such excess.

(e) Nonqualified preferred stock treated as other property For purposes of this section—

(1) In general Except as provided in paragraph (2), the term “other property” includes nonqualified preferred stock (as defined in section 351(g)(2)).

(2) Exception The term “other property” does not include nonqualified preferred stock (as so defined) to the extent that, under section 354 or 355, such preferred stock would be permitted to be received without the recognition of gain.

(f) Exchanges for section 306 stock Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, to the extent that any of the other property (or money) is received in exchange for section 306 stock, an amount equal to the fair market value of such other property (or the amount of such money) shall be treated as a distribution of property to which section 301 applies.

(g) Transactions involving gift or compensation For special rules for a transaction described in section 354, 355, or this section, but which—

(1) results in a gift, see section 2501 and following, or

(2) has the effect of the payment of compensation, see section 61(a)(1).

(Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 115; Pub. L. 94–253, § 1(c), Mar. 31, 1976, 90 Stat. 296; Pub. L. 97–248, title II, § 227(b), Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 492; Pub. L. 101–508, title XI, § 11801(c)(8)(E), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–524; Pub. L. 105–34, title X, § 1014(d), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 921.)

Notes

Editorial Notes

Amendments1997—Subsecs. (e) to (g). Pub. L. 105–34 added subsec. (e) and redesignated former subsecs. (e) and (f) as (f) and (g), respectively. 1990—Subsec. (d)(2)(B)(i). Pub. L. 101–508 struck out “or (d)” after “subsection (c)”. 1982—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 97–248 inserted “(determined with the application of section 318(a))” after “distribution of a dividend”. 1976—Subsec. (d)(2)(B)(i). Pub. L. 94–253 substituted “subsection (c) or (d) thereof” for “subsection (c) thereof”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1997 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–34 applicable, with certain exceptions, to transactions after June 8, 1997, see section 1014(f) of Pub. L. 105–34, set out as a note under section 351 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 AmendmentPub. L. 97–248, title II, § 227(c)(2), Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 492, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (b) [amending this section] shall apply to distributions after August 31, 1982, in taxable years ending after such date.”

Effective Date of 1976 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 94–253 applicable to taxable years ending after Mar. 31, 1976, see section 2 of Pub. L. 94–253, set out as a note under section 354 of this title.

Savings ProvisionFor provisions that nothing in amendment by Pub. L. 101–508 be construed to affect treatment of certain transactions occurring, property acquired, or items of income, loss, deduction, or credit taken into account prior to Nov. 5, 1990, for purposes of determining liability for tax for periods ending after Nov. 5, 1990, see section 11821(b) of Pub. L. 101–508, set out as a note under section 45K of this title.