Fabio
76b8ec33a7
Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2.3 KiB
type, title, description, jurisdiction, corpus, kind, title_number, title_name, chapter_number, chapter_name, section, citation, status, release_point, release_date, source, source_url, source_identifier, source_file, source_hash, raw_snapshot_hash, text_hash, retrieved_at, confidence, tags
| type | title | description | jurisdiction | corpus | kind | title_number | title_name | chapter_number | chapter_name | section | citation | status | release_point | release_date | source | source_url | source_identifier | source_file | source_hash | raw_snapshot_hash | text_hash | retrieved_at | confidence | tags | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LegalText | 28 U.S.C. § 1870 | Challenges | us | united_states_code | code_section | 28 | JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE | 121 | JURIES; TRIAL BY JURY | 1870 | 28 U.S.C. § 1870 | current | 119-100 | 2026-06-26 | official | https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc28@119-100.zip | /us/usc/t28/s1870 | data/legal/raw/us/code/title-28/usc28.xml | b0c43356ecbe6d3913a944ada16fd9f0c5a4185e684e265a59fab79852ea29c0 | 3390f867a2c02f5d0c496269da780795fe19663a090a3040c64a9ee0a541cdcf | 06a212d814c2b3bdaecd9ce09f398320e92df7dad29dbd29eb48ca5fdc3c5df0 | 2026-07-04 | official |
|
28 U.S.C. § 1870 - Challenges
Text
In civil cases, each party shall be entitled to three peremptory challenges. Several defendants or several plaintiffs may be considered as a single party for the purposes of making challenges, or the court may allow additional peremptory challenges and permit them to be exercised separately or jointly. All challenges for cause or favor, whether to the array or panel or to individual jurors, shall be determined by the court.
(June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 953; Pub. L. 86–282, Sept. 16, 1959, 73 Stat. 565.)
Notes
Historical and Revision NotesBased on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 424 (Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 287, 36 Stat. 1166). Provisions of section 424 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., relating to the number of peremptory challenges in criminal cases were deleted as superseded by Rule 24 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure. The last sentence of the first paragraph was added to permit the same flexibility in the matter of challenges in civil cases as is permitted in criminal cases by said Rule 24. Words “without aid of triers” at end of section 424 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., were omitted as surplusage. Changes were made in phraseology.
Editorial Notes
Amendments1959—Pub. L. 86–282 substituted “may” for “shall” after “several plaintiffs”, and “, or the court may allow” for “. If there is more than one defendant the court may allow the defendants”.