republic-os/legal/us/code/title-34/chapter-101/section-10231.md

type, title, description, jurisdiction, corpus, kind, title_number, title_name, chapter_number, chapter_name, section, citation, status, release_point, release_date, source, source_url, source_identifier, source_file, source_hash, raw_snapshot_hash, text_hash, retrieved_at, confidence, tags

type	title	description	jurisdiction	corpus	kind	title_number	title_name	chapter_number	chapter_name	section	citation	status	release_point	release_date	source	source_url	source_identifier	source_file	source_hash	raw_snapshot_hash	text_hash	retrieved_at	confidence	tags
LegalText	34 U.S.C. § 10231	Confidentiality of information	us	united_states_code	code_section	34	CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT	101	JUSTICE SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT	10231	34 U.S.C. § 10231	current	119-100	2026-06-26	official	https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc34@119-100.zip	/us/usc/t34/s10231	data/legal/raw/us/code/title-34/usc34.xml	efc70d9910ccb83a2f5b9ae35312f76cb80b86428acbbc39396891f70d87bc1a	7528207b20373f75fea96478ab5313727f47852e5364ee8c5ea18909f66a9da3	0b61a8cbdc4cd67fdebe2a3914f866797b706ae4e51d6c1a7a418b8b01995d4f	2026-07-04	official	legal us-code

34 U.S.C. § 10231 - Confidentiality of information

Text

(a) Research or statistical information; immunity from process; prohibition against admission as evidence or use in any proceedings No officer or employee of the Federal Government, and no recipient of assistance under the provisions of this chapter shall use or reveal any research or statistical information furnished under any law to any component of the Office of Justice Programs, or furnished otherwise under this chapter, by any entity or person, including any information identifiable to any specific private person, for any purpose other than the purpose for which it was obtained in accordance with this chapter. Such information and copies thereof shall be immune from legal process, and shall not, without the consent of the entity or person furnishing such information or to whom such information pertains, be admitted as evidence or used for any purpose in any action, suit, or other judicial, legislative, or administrative proceedings.

(b) Criminal history information; disposition and arrest data; procedures for collection, storage, dissemination, and current status; security and privacy; availability for law enforcement, criminal justice, and other lawful purposes; automated systems: review, challenge, and correction of information All criminal history information collected, stored, or disseminated through support under this chapter shall contain, to the maximum extent feasible, disposition as well as arrest data where arrest data is included therein. The collection, storage, and dissemination of such information shall take place under procedures reasonably designed to insure that all such information is kept current therein; the Office of Justice Programs shall assure that the security and privacy of all information is adequately provided for and that information shall only be used for law enforcement and criminal justice and other lawful purposes. In addition, an individual who believes that criminal history information concerning him contained in an automated system is inaccurate, incomplete, or maintained in violation of this chapter, shall, upon satisfactory verification of his identity, be entitled to review such information and to obtain a copy of it for the purpose of challenge or correction.

(c) Criminal intelligence systems and information; prohibition against violation of privacy and constitutional rights of individuals All criminal intelligence systems operating through support under this chapter shall collect, maintain, and disseminate criminal intelligence information in conformance with policy standards which are prescribed by the Office of Justice Programs and which are written to assure that the funding and operation of these systems furthers the purpose of this chapter and to assure that such systems are not utilized in violation of the privacy and constitutional rights of individuals.

(d) Violations; fine as additional penalty Any person violating the provisions of this section, or of any rule, regulation, or order issued thereunder, shall be fined not to exceed $10,000, in addition to any other penalty imposed by law.

(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 812, formerly § 818, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1213; renumbered § 812 and amended Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(f), (k), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093, 2096; Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, § 1115(c), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3104; Pub. L. 119–60, div. H, title LXXXII, § 8205(b)(1), Dec. 18, 2025, 139 Stat. 1849.)

Notes

Editorial Notes

Codification Section was formerly classified to section 3789g of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Prior ProvisionsA prior section 812 of Pub. L. 90–351 was classified to section 3789a of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to repeal by section 609B(e) of Pub. L. 98–473.

Amendments2025—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 119–60 substituted “furnished under any law to any component of the Office of Justice Programs, or furnished otherwise under this chapter, by any entity or person, including any information identifiable to any specific private person,” for “furnished under this chapter by any person and identifiable to any specific private person” in first sentence, and “entity or person furnishing such information or to whom such information pertains” for “person furnishing such information” in second sentence. 2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–162 substituted “No” for “Except as provided by Federal law other than this chapter, no”. 1984—Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 98–473, 609B(k), substituted “Office of Justice Programs” for “Office of Justice Assistance, Research, and Statistics”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2025 AmendmentPub. L. 119–60, div. H, title LXXXII, § 8205(b)(2), Dec. 18, 2025, 139 Stat. 1849, provided that: “The amendments made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall— “(A) shall take effect for all purposes as if enacted on December 27, 1979; and “(B) apply to any matter pending, before the Department of Justice or otherwise, as of the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 18, 2025].”

Effective Date of 1984 AmendmentAmendment by section 609B(k) of Pub. L. 98–473 effective Oct. 12, 1984, see section 609AA(a) of Pub. L. 98–473, set out as an Effective Date note under section 10101 of this title.

ConstructionTerms “this chapter” and “this section”, as such terms appear in this section, deemed to be references to chapter 501 and section 50105 of this title, respectively, and reference to the Office of Justice Programs in this section deemed to be a reference to the Attorney General, see section 50105 of this title.