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Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 10:51:44 -04:00

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LegalText 38 U.S.C. § 4319 Employment and reemployment rights in foreign countries us united_states_code code_section 38 VETERANS BENEFITS 43 EMPLOYMENT AND REEMPLOYMENT RIGHTS OF MEMBERS OF THE UNIFORMED SERVICES 4319 38 U.S.C. § 4319 current 119-100 2026-06-26 official https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc38@119-100.zip /us/usc/t38/s4319 data/legal/raw/us/code/title-38/usc38.xml 2a434b4211296846fd059db127344df2af5a11f00de0cffeb03b92b05686e866 372998691b72ade88787dfa7633dbda4954bd1b037ec7926c5e06e9b1d17fc66 3be541e6541a6e3be40e1a915c3da184609df29ffcec0b9d6293f5030e7ecd44 2026-07-04 official
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38 U.S.C. § 4319 - Employment and reemployment rights in foreign countries

Text

(a) Liability of Controlling United States Employer of Foreign Entity.— If an employer controls an entity that is incorporated or otherwise organized in a foreign country, any denial of employment, reemployment, or benefit by such entity shall be presumed to be by such employer.

(b) Inapplicability to Foreign Employer.— This subchapter does not apply to foreign operations of an employer that is a foreign person not controlled by an United States employer.

(c) Determination of Controlling Employer.— For the purpose of this section, the determination of whether an employer controls an entity shall be based upon the interrelations of operations, common management, centralized control of labor relations, and common ownership or financial control of the employer and the entity.

(d) Exemption.— Notwithstanding any other provision of this subchapter, an employer, or an entity controlled by an employer, shall be exempt from compliance with any of sections 4311 through 4318 of this title with respect to an employee in a workplace in a foreign country, if compliance with that section would cause such employer, or such entity controlled by an employer, to violate the law of the foreign country in which the workplace is located.

(Added Pub. L. 105368, title II, § 212(b)(1), Nov. 11, 1998, 112 Stat. 3331.)

Notes

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective DateSection applicable only with respect to causes of action arising after Nov. 11, 1998, see section 212(c) of Pub. L. 105368, set out as an Effective Date of 1998 Amendment note under section 4303 of this title.