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Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 10:51:44 -04:00

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LegalText 46 U.S.C. § 31102 Waiver of immunity us united_states_code code_section 46 SHIPPING 311 SUITS INVOLVING PUBLIC VESSELS 31102 46 U.S.C. § 31102 current 119-100 2026-06-26 official https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc46@119-100.zip /us/usc/t46/s31102 data/legal/raw/us/code/title-46/usc46.xml 69a8736f92844dd7ff39bf150c5e4beeba10b8478d45eb0000a3302379a482eb eb1331aa3c08ed87231a3606d86b30d1b5942cdf8542f6a3df8ac1d66e86057f bd3fdd603499b3ece7a281eaba88408e31fcf775f75749f35e4ebb92aa420d44 2026-07-04 official
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46 U.S.C. § 31102 - Waiver of immunity

Text

(a) In General.— A civil action in personam in admiralty may be brought, or an impleader filed, against the United States for—

(1) damages caused by a public vessel of the United States; or

(2) compensation for towage and salvage services, including contract salvage, rendered to a public vessel of the United States.

(b) Counterclaim or Setoff.— If the United States brings a civil action in admiralty for damages caused by a privately owned vessel, the owner of the vessel, or the successor in interest, may file a counterclaim in personam, or claim a setoff, against the United States for damages arising out of the same subject matter.

(Pub. L. 109304, § 6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1521.)

Notes

Historical and Revision Notes RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 31102(a)46 App.:781.Mar. 3, 1925, ch. 428, § 1, 43 Stat. 1112. 31102(b)46 App.:783 (words before proviso).Mar. 3, 1925, ch. 428, § 3 (words before proviso), 43 Stat. 1112. In this section, the words “civil action” are substituted for “libel” because of rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.). In subsection (a), the words “Provided, That the cause of action arose after the 6th day of April, 1920” are omitted as unnecessary. In subsection (b), the words “in rem or in personam” are omitted as unnecessary. The words “file a counterclaim in personam, or claim a setoff” are substituted for “file a cross libel in personam or claim a set-off or counterclaim” to conform to the terminolgy in the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and to eliminate unnecessary words. The words “for damages arising out of the same subject matter” are substituted for “in such suit for and on account of any damages arising out of the same subject matter or cause of action” to eliminate unnecessary words.