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Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 10:51:44 -04:00

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LegalText 50 U.S.C. § 3122 Defenses and exceptions us united_states_code code_section 50 WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE 44 NATIONAL SECURITY 3122 50 U.S.C. § 3122 current 119-100 2026-06-26 official https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc50@119-100.zip /us/usc/t50/s3122 data/legal/raw/us/code/title-50/usc50.xml 6d53274ab5b32e658f8570c68084a83a5347716de69d38627c06dbd379dd3b63 708c288b5448617cab7b03b8011860274671c9aec56686858b910a06948cd7ac 831097dd639f7af6f32604554394bc57052ac9d04bbfd38b965b91656bceb31a 2026-07-04 official
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50 U.S.C. § 3122 - Defenses and exceptions

Text

(a) Disclosure by United States of identity of covert agent It is a defense to a prosecution under section 3121 of this title that before the commission of the offense with which the defendant is charged, the United States had publicly acknowledged or revealed the intelligence relationship to the United States of the individual the disclosure of whose intelligence relationship to the United States is the basis for the prosecution.

(b) Conspiracy, misprision of felony, aiding and abetting, etc. (1) Subject to paragraph (2), no person other than a person committing an offense under section 3121 of this title shall be subject to prosecution under such section by virtue of section 2 or 4 of title 18 or shall be subject to prosecution for conspiracy to commit an offense under such section.

(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply (A) in the case of a person who acted in the course of a pattern of activities intended to identify and expose covert agents and with reason to believe that such activities would impair or impede the foreign intelligence activities of the United States, or (B) in the case of a person who has authorized access to classified information.

(c) Disclosure to select congressional committees on intelligence It shall not be an offense under section 3121 of this title to transmit information described in such section directly to either congressional intelligence committee.

(d) Disclosure by agent of own identity It shall not be an offense under section 3121 of this title for an individual to disclose information that solely identifies himself as a covert agent.

(July 26, 1947, ch. 343, title VI, § 602, as added Pub. L. 97200, § 2(a), June 23, 1982, 96 Stat. 122; amended Pub. L. 107306, title III, § 353(b)(9), Nov. 27, 2002, 116 Stat. 2402.)

Notes

Editorial Notes

Codification Section was formerly classified to section 422 of this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments2002—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107306 substituted “either congressional intelligence committee” for “the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate or to the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives”.