republic-os/legal/us/code/title-10/chapter-47/section-822.md

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LegalText	10 U.S.C. § 822	Art. 22. Who may convene general courts-martial	us	united_states_code	code_section	10	ARMED FORCES	47	UNIFORM CODE OF MILITARY JUSTICE	822	10 U.S.C. § 822	current	119-100	2026-06-26	official	https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc10@119-100.zip	/us/usc/t10/s822	data/legal/raw/us/code/title-10/usc10.xml	ec8a2c11887decc4f57f21a93b52d0a37817d61c3eddb8bbb932ca2dc55ca6ca	06a2679d38355c44f4219c983fdad34009233205d6ba271593a4c1b17a739ec1	4ae68ab42d9689d7138ada453e4fce719e2df431ae215fa6ac23f315b856c133	2026-07-04	official	legal us-code

10 U.S.C. § 822 - Art. 22. Who may convene general courts-martial

Text

(a) General courts-martial may be convened by—

(1) the President of the United States;

(2) the Secretary of Defense;

(3) the commanding officer of a unified or specified combatant command;

(4) the Secretary concerned;

(5) the commanding officer of an Army Group, an Army, an Army Corps, a division, a separate brigade, or a corresponding unit of the Army or Marine Corps;

(6) the commander of a fleet; the commanding officer of a naval station or larger shore activity of the Navy beyond the United States;

(7) the commanding officer of an air command, an air force, an air division, or a separate wing of the Air Force or Marine Corps, or the commanding officer of a corresponding unit of the Space Force;

(8) any other commanding officer designated by the Secretary concerned; or

(9) any other commanding officer in any of the armed forces when empowered by the President.

(b) (1) If any such commanding officer is an accuser, the court shall be convened by superior competent authority, and may in any case be convened by such authority if considered desirable by him.

(2) A commanding officer shall not be considered an accuser solely due to the role of the commanding officer in convening a general court-martial to which charges and specifications were referred by a special trial counsel in accordance with this chapter.

(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 44; Pub. L. 99–433, title II, § 211(b), Oct. 1, 1986, 100 Stat. 1017; Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title X, § 1057(a)(2), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3440; Pub. L. 114–328, div. E, title LV, § 5181, Dec. 23, 2016, 130 Stat. 2899; Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title IX, § 924(b)(21)(A), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3824; Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title V, § 534(a), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 1696.)

Notes

Historical and Revision Notes Revised sectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 822(a)822(b)50:586(a).50:586(b).May 5, 1950, ch. 169, § 1 (Art. 22), 64 Stat. 115. Subsection (a)(2) is substituted for the words “the Secretary of a Department”. In subsection (a)(4), the words “continental limits of the” are omitted, since section 101(1) of this title defines the United States to include the States and the District of Columbia. In subsection (a)(6), the words “any other commanding officer” are substituted for the words “such other commanding officers as may be”. In subsection (b), the word “If” is substituted for the word “When”. The words “if considered” are substituted for the words “when deemed”.

Editorial Notes

Amendments2021—Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 116–283 substituted “Marine Corps, or the commanding officer of a corresponding unit of the Space Force” for “Marine Corps”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 117–81 designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2). 2016—Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 114–328 struck out “in chief” after “the commander”. 2006—Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 109–163 struck out “a Territorial Department,” before “an Army Group”. 1986—Subsec. (a)(2) to (9). Pub. L. 99–433 added pars. (2) and (3) and redesignated existing pars. (2) to (7) as (4) to (9), respectively.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2021 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 117–81 effective on the date that is two years after Dec. 27, 2021, and applicable with respect to offenses that occur after that date, with provisions for delayed effect and applicability if regulations are not prescribed by the President before the date that is two years after Dec. 27, 2021, see section 539C of Pub. L. 117–81, set out as a note under section 801 of this title.

Effective Date of 2016 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–328 effective on Jan. 1, 2019, as designated by the President, with implementing regulations and provisions relating to applicability to various situations, see section 5542 of Pub. L. 114–328 and Ex. Ord. No. 13825, set out as notes under section 801 of this title.

Training for Sexual Assault Initial Disposition Authorities on Exercise of Disposition Authority for Sexual Assault and Collateral OffensesPub. L. 116–92, div. A, title V, § 540A, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1365, provided that: “(a) In General.—The training for sexual assault initial disposition authorities on the exercise of disposition authority under chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code (the Uniform Code of Military Justice), shall include comprehensive training on the exercise of disposition authority with respect to cases for which disposition authority is withheld to such authorities pursuant to the memorandum described in subsection (b) for the purpose of promoting confidence and trust in the military justice process with respect to such cases. “(b) Memorandum Described.—The memorandum described in this subsection is the memorandum of the Secretary of Defense titled ‘Withholding Initial Disposition Authority Under the Uniform Code of Military Justice in Certain Sexual Assault Cases’ and dated April 20, 2012, or any successor memorandum.”