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Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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| LegalText | 18 U.S.C. § 39 | Traffic signal preemption transmitters | us | united_states_code | code_section | 18 | CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE | 2 | AIRCRAFT AND MOTOR VEHICLES | 39 | 18 U.S.C. § 39 | current | 119-100 | 2026-06-26 | official | https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc18@119-100.zip | /us/usc/t18/s39 | data/legal/raw/us/code/title-18/usc18.xml | 027caf13a912f86c7d2bb5a5ea9b2a459e2d19ee9b2979abf53ac383cee8e7c0 | 1a1bbbbdb59e376ada4eb7ad1056fd68d396679ee7ab59f0561af15006122708 | 1b4749a804a23635250988cb5bb05e7556b9f1e39e50d44e0201a33d2e2fcae8 | 2026-07-04 | official |
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18 U.S.C. § 39 - Traffic signal preemption transmitters
Text
(a) Offenses.— (1) Sale.— Whoever, in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, knowingly sells a traffic signal preemption transmitter to a nonqualifying user shall be fined under this title, or imprisoned not more than 1 year, or both.
(2) Use.— Whoever, in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, being a nonqualifying user makes unauthorized use of a traffic signal preemption transmitter shall be fined under this title, or imprisoned not more than 6 months, or both.
(b) Definitions.— In this section, the following definitions apply:
(1) Traffic signal preemption transmitter.— The term “traffic signal preemption transmitter” means any mechanism that can change or alter a traffic signal’s phase time or sequence.
(2) Nonqualifying user.— The term “nonqualifying user” means a person who uses a traffic signal preemption transmitter and is not acting on behalf of a public agency or private corporation authorized by law to provide fire protection, law enforcement, emergency medical services, transit services, maintenance, or other services for a Federal, State, or local government entity, but does not include a person using a traffic signal preemption transmitter for classroom or instructional purposes.
(Added Pub. L. 109–59, title II, § 2018(a), Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1542.)
Notes
Editorial Notes
Codification Another section 39 was renumbered section 40 of this title.