Fabio
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Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
70 lines
4.2 KiB
Markdown
70 lines
4.2 KiB
Markdown
---
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type: "LegalText"
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title: "17 U.S.C. § 901"
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description: "Definitions"
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jurisdiction: "us"
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corpus: "united_states_code"
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kind: "code_section"
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title_number: 17
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title_name: "COPYRIGHTS"
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chapter_number: "9"
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chapter_name: "PROTECTION OF SEMICONDUCTOR CHIP PRODUCTS"
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section: "901"
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citation: "17 U.S.C. § 901"
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status: "current"
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release_point: "119-100"
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release_date: "2026-06-26"
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source: "official"
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source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc17@119-100.zip"
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source_identifier: "/us/usc/t17/s901"
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source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-17/usc17.xml"
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source_hash: "53c822fd64099eb28929a414637c1dac11aeeb787d7ebdd0f4d717a76b055204"
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raw_snapshot_hash: "53c244d73050c7c92329dce6d1ccd78b9e2fece359d919b044b600b95258446c"
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text_hash: "d33bfc37732f441dd682165c11d354a4ce53bc8d12197253aad1ca80946ebb84"
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retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
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confidence: "official"
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tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
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---
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# 17 U.S.C. § 901 - Definitions
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## Text
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(a) As used in this chapter—
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(1) a “semiconductor chip product” is the final or intermediate form of any product—
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(A) having two or more layers of metallic, insulating, or semiconductor material, deposited or otherwise placed on, or etched away or otherwise removed from, a piece of semiconductor material in accordance with a predetermined pattern; and
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(B) intended to perform electronic circuitry functions;
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(2) a “mask work” is a series of related images, however fixed or encoded—
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(A) having or representing the predetermined, three-dimensional pattern of metallic, insulating, or semiconductor material present or removed from the layers of a semiconductor chip product; and
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(B) in which series the relation of the images to one another is that each image has the pattern of the surface of one form of the semiconductor chip product;
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(3) a mask work is “fixed” in a semiconductor chip product when its embodiment in the product is sufficiently permanent or stable to permit the mask work to be perceived or reproduced from the product for a period of more than transitory duration;
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(4) to “distribute” means to sell, or to lease, bail, or otherwise transfer, or to offer to sell, lease, bail, or otherwise transfer;
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(5) to “commercially exploit” a mask work is to distribute to the public for commercial purposes a semiconductor chip product embodying the mask work; except that such term includes an offer to sell or transfer a semiconductor chip product only when the offer is in writing and occurs after the mask work is fixed in the semiconductor chip product;
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(6) the “owner” of a mask work is the person who created the mask work, the legal representative of that person if that person is deceased or under a legal incapacity, or a party to whom all the rights under this chapter of such person or representative are transferred in accordance with section 903(b); except that, in the case of a work made within the scope of a person’s employment, the owner is the employer for whom the person created the mask work or a party to whom all the rights under this chapter of the employer are transferred in accordance with section 903(b);
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(7) an “innocent purchaser” is a person who purchases a semiconductor chip product in good faith and without having notice of protection with respect to the semiconductor chip product;
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(8) having “notice of protection” means having actual knowledge that, or reasonable grounds to believe that, a mask work is protected under this chapter; and
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(9) an “infringing semiconductor chip product” is a semiconductor chip product which is made, imported, or distributed in violation of the exclusive rights of the owner of a mask work under this chapter.
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(b) For purposes of this chapter, the distribution or importation of a product incorporating a semiconductor chip product as a part thereof is a distribution or importation of that semiconductor chip product.
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(Added Pub. L. 98–620, title III, § 302, Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3347.)
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## Notes
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Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
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Authorization of AppropriationsPub. L. 98–620, title III, § 304, Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3356, provided that: “There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this title and the amendments made by this title [enacting this chapter].”
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