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Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 10:51:44 -04:00

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LegalText 21 U.S.C. § 885 Burden of proof; liabilities us united_states_code code_section 21 FOOD AND DRUGS 13 DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION AND CONTROL 885 21 U.S.C. § 885 current 119-100 2026-06-26 official https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc21@119-100.zip /us/usc/t21/s885 data/legal/raw/us/code/title-21/usc21.xml 0eebccfcd3c8ba1f158f0702972dd92e8f6a51568a567f9784b355d95e68fa73 3dbd7a61c8616baefb8459bd8dac3b93242106deb416308c8d4dd5a9143176d1 acedfdbe8c0530f2211afad55bb70e5364e2b5fe2d78004d6177d8b648a7bc0a 2026-07-04 official
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21 U.S.C. § 885 - Burden of proof; liabilities

Text

(a) Exemptions and exceptions; presumption in simple possession offenses (1) It shall not be necessary for the United States to negative any exemption or exception set forth in this subchapter in any complaint, information, indictment, or other pleading or in any trial, hearing, or other proceeding under this subchapter, and the burden of going forward with the evidence with respect to any such exemption or exception shall be upon the person claiming its benefit.

(2) In the case of a person charged under section 844(a) of this title with the possession of a controlled substance, any label identifying such substance for purposes of section 353(b)(2) of this title shall be admissible in evidence and shall be prima facie evidence that such substance was obtained pursuant to a valid prescription from a practitioner while acting in the course of his professional practice.

(b) Registration and order forms In the absence of proof that a person is the duly authorized holder of an appropriate registration or order form issued under this subchapter, he shall be presumed not to be the holder of such registration or form, and the burden of going forward with the evidence with respect to such registration or form shall be upon him.

(c) Use of vehicles, vessels, and aircraft The burden of going forward with the evidence to establish that a vehicle, vessel, or aircraft used in connection with controlled substances in schedule I was used in accordance with the provisions of this subchapter shall be on the persons engaged in such use.

(d) Immunity of Federal, State, local and other officials Except as provided in sections 2234 and 2235 of title 18, no civil or criminal liability shall be imposed by virtue of this subchapter upon any duly authorized Federal officer lawfully engaged in the enforcement of this subchapter, or upon any duly authorized officer of any State, territory, political subdivision thereof, the District of Columbia, or any possession of the United States, who shall be lawfully engaged in the enforcement of any law or municipal ordinance relating to controlled substances.

(Pub. L. 91513, title II, § 515, Oct. 27, 1970, 84 Stat. 1279.)

Notes

Editorial Notes

References in TextSchedule I, referred to in subsec. (c), is set out in section 812(c) of this title.