Fabio
76b8ec33a7
Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
46 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
46 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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type: "LegalText"
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title: "29 U.S.C. § 169"
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description: "Employees with religious convictions; payment of dues and fees"
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jurisdiction: "us"
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corpus: "united_states_code"
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kind: "code_section"
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title_number: 29
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title_name: "LABOR"
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chapter_number: "7"
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chapter_name: "LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS"
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section: "169"
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citation: "29 U.S.C. § 169"
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status: "current"
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release_point: "119-100"
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release_date: "2026-06-26"
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source: "official"
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source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc29@119-100.zip"
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source_identifier: "/us/usc/t29/s169"
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source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-29/usc29.xml"
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source_hash: "1a4d0a2b9255adb5a89bac826dbcb2f4e06279712f3a9dcef33732f49faebd2b"
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raw_snapshot_hash: "123f65eaf0f6719b01d66f4a47cd03d5134b66fbd92ae96d7387b67454b98476"
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text_hash: "b58345b94f0feacaec13c50a5c0cffa4b1bc5c290b6f8e0dcb51f6ebdc1823d7"
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retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
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confidence: "official"
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tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
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---
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# 29 U.S.C. § 169 - Employees with religious convictions; payment of dues and fees
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## Text
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Any employee who is a member of and adheres to established and traditional tenets or teachings of a bona fide religion, body, or sect which has historically held conscientious objections to joining or financially supporting labor organizations shall not be required to join or financially support any labor organization as a condition of employment; except that such employee may be required in a contract between such employees’ employer and a labor organization in lieu of periodic dues and initiation fees, to pay sums equal to such dues and initiation fees to a nonreligious, nonlabor organization charitable fund exempt from taxation under section 501(c)(3) of title 26, chosen by such employee from a list of at least three such funds, designated in such contract or if the contract fails to designate such funds, then to any such fund chosen by the employee. If such employee who holds conscientious objections pursuant to this section requests the labor organization to use the grievance-arbitration procedure on the employee’s behalf, the labor organization is authorized to charge the employee for the reasonable cost of using such procedure.
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(July 5, 1935, ch. 372, § 19, as added Pub. L. 93–360, § 3, July 26, 1974, 88 Stat. 397; amended Pub. L. 96–593, Dec. 24, 1980, 94 Stat. 3452.)
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## Notes
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Editorial Notes
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Amendments1980—Pub. L. 96–593 inserted reference to nonlabor organization and provisions respecting charges to employee for use of grievance-arbitration procedure, and struck out applicability of provisions to employees of health care institutions only.
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Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
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Effective DatePub. L. 93–360, § 4, July 26, 1974, 88 Stat. 397, provided that: “The amendments made by this Act [enacting this section and section 183 of this title and amending sections 152 and 158 of this title] shall become effective on the thirtieth day after its date of enactment [July 26, 1974].”
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