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republic-os/legislation/us/states/ca/20132014/ab-2494.md
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Fabio 5a13be122b Legislation: batch E — CA TN VA VT WA WI WV WY 
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-06 17:28:36 -04:00

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---
type: "Bill"
title: "Courts: frivolous actions or proceedings."
description: "Existing law authorizes a trial court to order a party, the party's attorney, or both to pay reasonable expenses, including attorney's fees, incurred by another party as a result of bad-faith actions or tactics that are frivolous or solely intended to cause unnecessary delay, if the actions or tactics arise from a complaint filed, or a proceeding initiated, on or before December 31, 1994. In addition to the reasonable expenses award, existing law authorizes the court to assess punitive damages against the plaintiff on a determination that the plaintiff's action was maintained by a person convicted of a felony against the person's victim for injuries arising from the acts for which the person was convicted, and that the plaintiff is guilty of fraud, oppression, or malice in maintaining the action."
jurisdiction: "us/states/ca"
legislature: "California Legislature"
session: "20132014"
identifier: "AB 2494"
citation: "California AB 2494 (20132014)"
classification: ["bill"]
subjects: ["Courts: frivolous actions or proceedings."]
status: "enacted"
primary_sponsors: ["Cooley"]
version_count: 11
action_count: 33
vote_count: 8
first_action: "2014-02-21"
last_action: "2014-09-18"
source: "openstates"
source_identifier: "ocd-bill/cff54708-78f3-422a-a8c4-108e16648666"
source_url: "http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2494"
source_hash: "005d3276a14beb8427328d57707f08347ba18c5e1aeafe53f430d3f434ad95f6"
vintage: "2026-07-01"
source_snapshot: "https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump"
retrieved_at: "2026-07-06"
confidence: "reported"
tags: ["legislation", "bill", "us-ca"]
---
# California AB 2494 (20132014) — Courts: frivolous actions or proceedings.
Existing law authorizes a trial court to order a party, the party's attorney, or both to pay reasonable expenses, including attorney's fees, incurred by another party as a result of bad-faith actions or tactics that are frivolous or solely intended to cause unnecessary delay, if the actions or tactics arise from a complaint filed, or a proceeding initiated, on or before December 31, 1994. In addition to the reasonable expenses award, existing law authorizes the court to assess punitive damages against the plaintiff on a determination that the plaintiff's action was maintained by a person convicted of a felony against the person's victim for injuries arising from the acts for which the person was convicted, and that the plaintiff is guilty of fraud, oppression, or malice in maintaining the action.
## Version chain
The bill's text revisions, in order — the diff chain from filing to enrollment.
1. **02/21/14 - Introduced** (filed) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2494&version=20130AB249499INT)
2. **04/10/14 - Amended Assembly** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2494&version=20130AB249498AMD)
3. **05/07/14 - Amended Assembly** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2494&version=20130AB249497AMD)
4. **05/23/14 - Amended Assembly** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2494&version=20130AB249496AMD)
5. **06/16/14 - Amended Senate** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2494&version=20130AB249495AMD)
6. **07/01/14 - Amended Senate** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2494&version=20130AB249494AMD)
7. **08/04/14 - Amended Senate** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2494&version=20130AB249493AMD)
8. **08/19/14 - Amended Senate** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2494&version=20130AB249492AMD)
9. **09/18/14 - Chaptered** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2494&version=20130AB249490CHP)
10. **AB2494** (committee substitute) — [source](http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2494)
11. **08/29/14 - Enrolled** (enrolled) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2494&version=20130AB249491ENR)
## Votes
- Do pass as amended. — **17–0** (pass) · lower
- AB 2494 COOLEY Assembly Third Reading — **78–0** (pass) · lower
- Placed on Appropriations Suspense file. — **7–0** (pass) · upper
- Do pass as amended. — **5–0** (pass) · upper
- AB 2494 COOLEY Concurrence in Senate Amendments — **79–0** (pass) · lower
- 3rd Reading AB2494 Cooley By Lieu — **35–0** (pass) · upper
- Do pass as amended, to Consent Calendar. — **10–0** (pass) · lower
- Do pass as amended, and re-refer to the Committee on Appropriations. — **7–0** (pass) · upper
## Sponsors
- Cooley — primary (person)
## Timeline
The legislative action history — every referral, reading, and vote.
- **2014-02-21** Introduced. To print. `introduction`
- **2014-02-23** From printer. May be heard in committee March 25.
- **2014-02-24** Read first time. `reading-1`
- **2014-03-13** Referred to Com. on JUD. `referral-committee`
- **2014-04-08** In committee: Hearing postponed by committee.
- **2014-04-10** From committee chair, with author's amendments: Amend, and re-refer to Com. on JUD. Read second time and amended. `amendment-introduction, amendment-passage, reading-2, reading-1`
- **2014-04-21** Re-referred to Com. on JUD. `referral-committee`
- **2014-04-22** In committee: Hearing postponed by committee.
- **2014-05-06** From committee: Do pass as amended. To consent calendar. (Ayes 10. Noes 0.) (April 29). `committee-passage-favorable, committee-passage, amendment-passage`
- **2014-05-07** Read second time and amended. Ordered to second reading. `reading-2, reading-1, amendment-passage`
- **2014-05-08** Read second time. Ordered to consent calendar. `reading-2, reading-1`
- **2014-05-08** Re-referred to Com. on APPR. pursuant to Joint Rule 10.5. `referral-committee`
- **2014-05-14** In committee: Set, first hearing. Referred to APPR. suspense file. `referral-committee`
- **2014-05-23** From committee: Do pass as amended. (Ayes 17. Noes 0.) (May 23). `committee-passage-favorable, committee-passage, amendment-passage`
- **2014-05-23** Read second time and amended. Ordered to second reading. `reading-2, reading-1, amendment-passage`
- **2014-05-27** Read second time. Ordered to third reading. `reading-2, reading-1`
- **2014-05-28** Read third time. Passed. Ordered to the Senate. (Ayes 78. Noes 0. Page 5277.) `reading-3, reading-1, passage`
- **2014-05-28** In Senate. Read first time. To Com. on RLS. for assignment. `reading-1`
- **2014-06-11** Referred to Com. on JUD. `referral-committee`
- **2014-06-16** From committee chair, with author's amendments: Amend, and re-refer to committee. Read second time, amended, and re-referred to Com. on JUD. `amendment-introduction, amendment-passage, reading-2, reading-1, referral-committee`
- **2014-06-30** From committee: Do pass as amended and re-refer to Com. on APPR. (Ayes 7. Noes 0.) (June 24). `committee-passage-favorable, committee-passage, amendment-passage`
- **2014-07-01** Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on APPR. `amendment-passage, reading-2, reading-1, referral-committee`
- **2014-08-04** From committee chair, with author's amendments: Amend, and re-refer to committee. Read second time, amended, and re-referred to Com. on APPR. `amendment-introduction, amendment-passage, reading-2, reading-1, referral-committee`
- **2014-08-04** In committee: Placed on APPR. suspense file.
- **2014-08-18** From committee: Do pass as amended. (Ayes 5. Noes 0.) (August 14). `committee-passage-favorable, committee-passage, amendment-passage`
- **2014-08-19** Read second time and amended. Ordered to third reading. `reading-2, reading-1, amendment-passage`
- **2014-08-25** Read third time. Passed. Ordered to the Assembly. (Ayes 35. Noes 0. Page 4818.). `reading-3, reading-1, passage`
- **2014-08-25** In Assembly. Concurrence in Senate amendments pending. May be considered on or after August 27 pursuant to Assembly Rule 77.
- **2014-08-26** Assembly Rule 77 suspended. (Page 6444.)
- **2014-08-26** Senate amendments concurred in. To Engrossing and Enrolling. (Ayes 79. Noes 0. Page 6478.). `committee-passage-favorable, amendment-passage`
- **2014-09-08** Enrolled and presented to the Governor at 3:30 p.m.
- **2014-09-18** Approved by the Governor. `executive-signature`
- **2014-09-18** Chaptered by Secretary of State - Chapter 425, Statutes of 2014.
## Source
OpenStates / OpenCivicData bulk snapshot [2026-07-01](https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump); origin `ocd-bill/cff54708-78f3-422a-a8c4-108e16648666`. Confidence: reported (aggregated from official California legislature records).
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