Fabio
76b8ec33a7
Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
60 lines
2.8 KiB
Markdown
60 lines
2.8 KiB
Markdown
---
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type: "LegalText"
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title: "18 U.S.C. § 1801"
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description: "Video voyeurism"
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jurisdiction: "us"
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corpus: "united_states_code"
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kind: "code_section"
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title_number: 18
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title_name: "CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE"
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chapter_number: "88"
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chapter_name: "PRIVACY"
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section: "1801"
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citation: "18 U.S.C. § 1801"
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status: "current"
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release_point: "119-100"
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release_date: "2026-06-26"
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source: "official"
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source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc18@119-100.zip"
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source_identifier: "/us/usc/t18/s1801"
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source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-18/usc18.xml"
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source_hash: "c749db7176985ea7b260955b016e4f3f88eb1f9eb2db995db7a18c487521eb58"
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raw_snapshot_hash: "1a1bbbbdb59e376ada4eb7ad1056fd68d396679ee7ab59f0561af15006122708"
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text_hash: "00038a23b7c38263afd38c180856e03aaaf4d4f6251dc5cbd3eea1a0b543bd25"
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retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
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confidence: "official"
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tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
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---
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# 18 U.S.C. § 1801 - Video voyeurism
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## Text
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(a) Whoever, in the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States, has the intent to capture an image of a private area of an individual without their consent, and knowingly does so under circumstances in which the individual has a reasonable expectation of privacy, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.
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(b) In this section—
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(1) the term “capture”, with respect to an image, means to videotape, photograph, film, record by any means, or broadcast;
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(2) the term “broadcast” means to electronically transmit a visual image with the intent that it be viewed by a person or persons;
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(3) the term “a private area of the individual” means the naked or undergarment clad genitals, pubic area, buttocks, or female breast of that individual;
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(4) the term “female breast” means any portion of the female breast below the top of the areola; and
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(5) the term “under circumstances in which that individual has a reasonable expectation of privacy” means—
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(A) circumstances in which a reasonable person would believe that he or she could disrobe in privacy, without being concerned that an image of a private area of the individual was being captured; or
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(B) circumstances in which a reasonable person would believe that a private area of the individual would not be visible to the public, regardless of whether that person is in a public or private place.
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(c) This section does not prohibit any lawful law enforcement, correctional, or intelligence activity.
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(Added Pub. L. 108–495, § 2(a), Dec. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 3999.)
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## Notes
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Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
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Short Title of 2004 AmendmentPub. L. 108–495, § 1, Dec. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 3999, provided that: “This Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Video Voyeurism Prevention Act of 2004’.”
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