Fabio
76b8ec33a7
Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
54 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
54 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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type: "LegalText"
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title: "28 U.S.C. § 1351"
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description: "Consuls, vice consuls, and members of a diplomatic mission as defendant"
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jurisdiction: "us"
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corpus: "united_states_code"
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kind: "code_section"
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title_number: 28
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title_name: "JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE"
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chapter_number: "85"
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chapter_name: "DISTRICT COURTS; JURISDICTION"
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section: "1351"
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citation: "28 U.S.C. § 1351"
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status: "current"
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release_point: "119-100"
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release_date: "2026-06-26"
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source: "official"
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source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc28@119-100.zip"
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source_identifier: "/us/usc/t28/s1351"
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source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-28/usc28.xml"
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source_hash: "0a350f1ae658fb0e3aeda806f62a67699e7973bde53ca33787b53782e31b36a8"
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raw_snapshot_hash: "3390f867a2c02f5d0c496269da780795fe19663a090a3040c64a9ee0a541cdcf"
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text_hash: "4368b075fb3d266500caa9f3c18f826d5c822a9f2034fd3167cd156d331bb9e4"
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retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
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confidence: "official"
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tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
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---
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# 28 U.S.C. § 1351 - Consuls, vice consuls, and members of a diplomatic mission as defendant
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## Text
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The district courts shall have original jurisdiction, exclusive of the courts of the States, of all civil actions and proceedings against—
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(1) consuls or vice consuls of foreign states; or
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(2) members of a mission or members of their families (as such terms are defined in section 2 of the Diplomatic Relations Act).
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(June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 934; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, § 80(c), 63 Stat. 101; Pub. L. 95–393, § 8(a)(1), Sept. 30, 1978, 92 Stat. 810.)
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## Notes
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Historical and Revision NotesBased on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., §§ 41(18), 371(8) (Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, §§ 24, par. 18, 256, par. 8, 36 Stat. 1093, 1160). Words “civil action” were substituted for “suits,” and “all suits and proceedings” in view of Rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Changes were made in phraseology.
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Editorial Notes
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References in TextSection 2 of the Diplomatic Relations Act, referred to in par. (2), is classified to section 254a of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.
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Amendments1978—Pub. L. 95–393 substituted “Consuls, vice consuls, and members of a diplomatic mission as defendant” for “Consuls and vice consuls as defendants” in section catchline, designated existing provisions as introductory provision preceding par. (1), and in such introductory provision as so designated, substituted “civil actions and proceedings against—” for “actions and proceedings against consuls or vice consuls of foreign states”, and added pars. (1) and (2). 1949—Act May 24, 1949, substituted “of all actions and proceedings” for “of any civil action”.
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Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
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Effective Date of 1978 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 95–393 effective at end of ninety-day period beginning on Sept. 30, 1978, see section 9 of Pub. L. 95–393, set out as an Effective Date note under section 254a of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.
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