Fabio
76b8ec33a7
Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
44 lines
3.2 KiB
Markdown
44 lines
3.2 KiB
Markdown
---
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type: "LegalText"
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title: "43 U.S.C. § 1609"
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description: "Limitation of actions"
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jurisdiction: "us"
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corpus: "united_states_code"
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kind: "code_section"
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title_number: 43
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title_name: "PUBLIC LANDS"
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chapter_number: "33"
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chapter_name: "ALASKA NATIVE CLAIMS SETTLEMENT"
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section: "1609"
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citation: "43 U.S.C. § 1609"
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status: "current"
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release_point: "119-100"
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release_date: "2026-06-26"
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source: "official"
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source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc43@119-100.zip"
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source_identifier: "/us/usc/t43/s1609"
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source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-43/usc43.xml"
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source_hash: "9ff09bbd323f3aa1df9f47c38db55ae5b1af866ce781cf59c3644620edf10e89"
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raw_snapshot_hash: "d46a16361aa9d10bbc4b27ea0561882d240801c965a2700a4b7cf5f02f552a5f"
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text_hash: "587c97c6082168f4a85f94f74fa0c3125e4d4a89c566898300f58d9638793ab3"
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retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
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confidence: "official"
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tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
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---
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# 43 U.S.C. § 1609 - Limitation of actions
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## Text
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(a) Complaint, time for filing; jurisdiction; commencement by State official; certainty and finality of vested rights, titles, and interests Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any civil action to contest the authority of the United States to legislate on the subject matter or the legality of this chapter shall be barred unless the complaint is filed within one year of December 18, 1971, and no such action shall be entertained unless it is commenced by a duly authorized official of the State. Exclusive jurisdiction over such action is hereby vested in the United States District Court for the District of Alaska. The purpose of this limitation on suits is to insure that, after the expiration of a reasonable period of time, the right, title, and interest of the United States, the Natives, and the State of Alaska will vest with certainty and finality and may be relied upon by all other persons in their relations with the State, the Natives, and the United States.
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(b) Land selection; suspension and extension of rights In the event that the State initiates litigation or voluntarily becomes a party to litigation to contest the authority of the United States to legislate on the subject matter or the legality of this chapter, all rights of land selection granted to the State by the Alaska Statehood Act shall be suspended as to any public lands which are determined by the Secretary to be potentially valuable for mineral development, timber, or other commercial purposes, and no selections shall be made, no tentative approvals shall be granted, and no patents shall be issued for such lands during the pendency of such litigation. In the event of such suspension, the State’s right of land selection pursuant to section 6 of the Alaska Statehood Act shall be extended for a period of time equal to the period of time the selection right was suspended.
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(Pub. L. 92–203, § 10, Dec. 18, 1971, 85 Stat. 696.)
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## Notes
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Editorial Notes
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References in TextThe Alaska Statehood Act and section 6 of the Alaska Statehood Act, referred to in subsec. (b), are Pub. L. 85–508, July 7, 1958, 72 Stat. 339, and section 6 thereof, and are set out as a note preceding section 21 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
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