republic-os/legislation/us/states/ca/20232024/ab-224.md

---
type: "Bill"
title: "Worker status: employees and independent contractors: newspaper distributors and carriers."
description: "Existing law, as established in the case of Dynamex Operations W. Inc. v. Superior Court (2018) 4 Cal.5th 903 (Dynamex) , creates a presumption that a worker who performs services for a hirer is an employee for purposes of claims for wages and benefits arising under wage orders issued by the Industrial Welfare Commission. Existing law requires a 3-part test, commonly known as the \"ABC\" test, to determine if workers are employees or independent contractors for those purposes."
jurisdiction: "us/states/ca"
legislature: "California Legislature"
session: "20232024"
identifier: "AB 224"
citation: "California AB 224 (20232024)"
classification: ["bill"]
subjects: ["Worker status", "employees and independent contractors", "newspaper distributors and carriers"]
status: "enacted"
primary_sponsors: ["Blanca Rubio"]
version_count: 5
action_count: 35
vote_count: 9
first_action: "2023-01-10"
last_action: "2024-09-20"
source: "openstates"
source_identifier: "ocd-bill/0cf575a2-81dc-477b-b0a8-9e659b046261"
source_url: "http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB224"
source_hash: "370f589b3fe1cb1c25060aca7aecd31801ea17cff4865c0296a2e3d6a360e2c4"
vintage: "2026-07-01"
source_snapshot: "https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump"
retrieved_at: "2026-07-06"
confidence: "reported"
tags: ["legislation", "bill", "us-ca"]
---

# California AB 224 (20232024) — Worker status: employees and independent contractors: newspaper distributors and carriers.

Existing law, as established in the case of Dynamex Operations W. Inc. v. Superior Court (2018) 4 Cal.5th 903 (Dynamex) , creates a presumption that a worker who performs services for a hirer is an employee for purposes of claims for wages and benefits arising under wage orders issued by the Industrial Welfare Commission. Existing law requires a 3-part test, commonly known as the "ABC" test, to determine if workers are employees or independent contractors for those purposes.

## Version chain

The bill's text revisions, in order — the diff chain from filing to enrollment.

1. **01/10/23 - Introduced** (filed) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB224&version=20230AB22499INT)
2. **08/21/24 - Amended Senate** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB224&version=20230AB22498AMD)
3. **09/20/24 - Chaptered** (committee substitute) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB224&version=20230AB22496CHP)
4. **AB224** (committee substitute) — [source](http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB224)
5. **09/05/24 - Enrolled** (enrolled) — [source](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB224&version=20230AB22497ENR)

## Votes

- Do pass — **7–0** (pass) · upper
- Do pass and be re-referred to the Committee on [Appropriations] with recommendation: To Consent Calendar — **22–0** (pass) · lower
- Do pass, but first be re-referred to the Committee on [Appropriations] — **5–0** (pass) · upper
- 3rd Reading AB224 Blanca Rubio et al. By Umberg — **40–0** (pass) · upper
- With recommendation: That Senate amendments be concurred in. — **6–1** (pass) · lower
- AB 224 Blanca Rubio Concurrence in Senate Amendments — **70–0** (pass) · lower
- Do pass, but first be re-referred to the Committee on [Appropriations] with the recommendation: To Consent Calendar — **14–0** (pass) · upper
- Do pass. To Consent Calendar. — **14–0** (pass) · lower
- AB 224 Aguiar-Curry Consent Calendar Second Day — **74–0** (pass) · lower

## Sponsors

- Blanca Rubio — primary (person)
- Umberg — author (person)

## Timeline

The legislative action history — every referral, reading, and vote.

- **2023-01-10** Read first time. To print. `reading-1`
- **2023-01-11** From printer. May be heard in committee February 10.
- **2023-02-02** Referred to Com. on G.O. `referral-committee`
- **2023-03-09** From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on APPR. with recommendation: To Consent Calendar. (Ayes 22. Noes 0.) (March 8). Re-referred to Com. on APPR. `committee-passage, committee-passage-favorable, referral-committee`
- **2023-05-08** Joint Rule 62(a), file notice suspended. (Page 1477.)
- **2023-05-10** From committee: Do pass. To Consent Calendar. (Ayes 14. Noes 0.) (May 10). `committee-passage, committee-passage-favorable`
- **2023-05-11** Read second time. Ordered to Consent Calendar. `reading-1, reading-2`
- **2023-05-18** Read third time. Passed. Ordered to the Senate. (Ayes 74. Noes 0. Page 1593.) `passage, reading-1, reading-3`
- **2023-05-18** In Senate. Read first time. To Com. on RLS. for assignment. `reading-1`
- **2023-05-31** Referred to Com. on G.O. `referral-committee`
- **2023-06-13** From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on APPR with recommendation: To Consent Calendar. (Ayes 14. Noes 0.) (June 13). Re-referred to Com. on APPR. `committee-passage, committee-passage-favorable, referral-committee`
- **2023-08-14** From committee: Be ordered to second reading file pursuant to Senate Rule 28.8 and ordered to Consent Calendar. `committee-passage, reading-2`
- **2023-08-15** Read second time. Ordered to Consent Calendar. `reading-1, reading-2`
- **2023-08-17** From Consent Calendar.
- **2023-08-17** Ordered to inactive file at the request of Senator McGuire.
- **2024-08-20** From inactive file.
- **2024-08-20** Ordered to second reading.
- **2024-08-21** Read second time. Ordered to third reading. `reading-1, reading-2`
- **2024-08-21** Read third time and amended. Ordered to second reading. `amendment-passage, reading-1, reading-3`
- **2024-08-22** Read second time. Ordered to third reading. `reading-1, reading-2`
- **2024-08-22** Re-referred to Com. on RLS pursuant to Senate Rule 29.10(c). `referral-committee`
- **2024-08-22** Re-referred to Com. on L., P.E. & R. `referral-committee`
- **2024-08-26** Joint Rules 61 and 62 suspended.
- **2024-08-27** From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on APPR. (Ayes 5. Noes 0.) (August 27). Re-referred to Com. on APPR. `committee-passage, committee-passage-favorable, referral-committee`
- **2024-08-28** From committee: Do pass. (Ayes 7. Noes 0.) (August 28). `committee-passage, committee-passage-favorable`
- **2024-08-29** Read second time. Ordered to third reading. `reading-1, reading-2`
- **2024-08-30** Read third time. Passed. Ordered to the Assembly. (Ayes 39. Noes 0.). `passage, reading-1, reading-3`
- **2024-08-30** In Assembly. Concurrence in Senate amendments pending.
- **2024-08-30** Re-referred to Com. on L. & E. pursuant to Assembly Rule 77.2. `referral-committee`
- **2024-08-30** Joint Rule 62(a) suspended.
- **2024-08-30** From committee: That the Senate amendments be concurred in. (Ayes 6. Noes 1.) (August 30). `committee-passage`
- **2024-08-31** Senate amendments concurred in. To Engrossing and Enrolling. (Ayes 70. Noes 0.). `amendment-passage, committee-passage-favorable`
- **2024-09-12** Enrolled and presented to the Governor at 4 p.m.
- **2024-09-20** Approved by the Governor. `executive-signature`
- **2024-09-20** Chaptered by Secretary of State - Chapter 298, Statutes of 2024. `became-law`

## Source

OpenStates / OpenCivicData bulk snapshot [2026-07-01](https://data.openstates.org/daily/2026-07-01/public.pgdump); origin `ocd-bill/0cf575a2-81dc-477b-b0a8-9e659b046261`. Confidence: reported (aggregated from official California legislature records).