Fabio
76b8ec33a7
Ingested titles 12–51 and 54 from OLRC USLM XML @119-100 (the whole Code now, uniform edition; Title 53 is reserved/empty). LegalText 11,221 -> 59,740; repo total 105,704 records. Deterministic (byte-identical rerun, verified on Title 42's 8,356 sections); make check green. make legal-us-code default now covers every title. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
46 lines
2.1 KiB
Markdown
46 lines
2.1 KiB
Markdown
---
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type: "LegalText"
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title: "18 U.S.C. § 1597"
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description: "Unlawful conduct with respect to immigration documents"
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jurisdiction: "us"
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corpus: "united_states_code"
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kind: "code_section"
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title_number: 18
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title_name: "CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE"
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chapter_number: "77"
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chapter_name: "PEONAGE, SLAVERY, AND TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS"
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section: "1597"
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citation: "18 U.S.C. § 1597"
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status: "current"
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release_point: "119-100"
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release_date: "2026-06-26"
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source: "official"
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source_url: "https://uscode.house.gov/download/releasepoints/us/pl/119/100/xml_usc18@119-100.zip"
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source_identifier: "/us/usc/t18/s1597"
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source_file: "data/legal/raw/us/code/title-18/usc18.xml"
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source_hash: "2e917c49e0a1b380bd95fd4ff42056bfd7c355e38213d72ecc7b3032bba4c6c8"
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raw_snapshot_hash: "1a1bbbbdb59e376ada4eb7ad1056fd68d396679ee7ab59f0561af15006122708"
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text_hash: "4a8ed564048292a400977d36b0cadb03512043de38c5b59073995b73d516327f"
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retrieved_at: "2026-07-04"
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confidence: "official"
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tags: ["legal", "us-code"]
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---
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# 18 U.S.C. § 1597 - Unlawful conduct with respect to immigration documents
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## Text
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(a) Destruction, Concealment, Removal, Confiscation, or Possession of Immigration Documents.— It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly destroy, conceal, remove, confiscate, or possess, an actual or purported passport or other immigration document of another individual—
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(1) in the course of violating section 1351 of this title or section 274 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1324);
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(2) with intent to violate section 1351 of this title or section 274 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1324); or
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(3) in order to, without lawful authority, maintain, prevent, or restrict the labor of services of the individual.
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(b) Penalty.— Any person who violates subsection (a) shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for not more than 1 year, or both.
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(c) Obstruction.— Any person who knowingly obstructs, attempts to obstruct, or in any way interferes with or prevents the enforcement of this section, shall be subject to the penalties described in subsection (b).
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(Added Pub. L. 113–4, title XII, § 1211(c)(1), Mar. 7, 2013, 127 Stat. 142.)
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